全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程3答案Unit1-Unit8

全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程3答案Unit1-Unit8 全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程3答案 Unit 1 P3:After Listening Complete the following statements according to what you have heard. 1.taking a break 2.escaping relief out in the country fast move 3.the pollution of the city smog 4.changes in the way we live P10: Content Questions Pair work One of you asks the first six questions and the other answers. Starting from question7, change roles. When you have finished, the teacher may want to put some of the questions to you to check your progress. 1. Write and live on a farm. 2. Because they grow nearly all of their fruits and vegetables. They have enough eggs, honey and wood. They are very close to nature and can enjoy the beautiful scenery. Besides, they can go skiing and skating in winter. 3. No. Sometimes the good life can get pretty tough. 4. They were buried under five feet of snow from December through March. 5. When the first spring came, it brought two floods. The second flood refers to the good harvest in the growing season. 6. He decided to quit his job and start to freelance. 7. He has to crawl into black-bear dens for “Sports Illustrated”, hitch up dogsled racing teams for “monster” for “Science Digest”, and canoe through the Boundary Waters wilderness area of Minnesota for “Destinations”. 8. As for insurance, they have only bought a poor man’s major-medical policy and the policy on their two cars. 9. They cut back their expenses without appreciably lowering their standard of living. For example:they patronize local restaurants instead of more expensive places in the city. They still attend the opera and ballet but only a few times a year. They eat less meat, drink cheaper wine and see fewer movies. 10. A tolerance for solitude and lots of energy. 11. They will leave with a feeling of sorrow but also with a sense of pride at what they’ve been able to accomplish. 12. They chose to live in the country because they want to improve the quality of their lives. Yes, they have finally realized their dream. P11: TEXT ORQANIZATION Working on Your Own Do the exercises and then compare your answers with a partner. 1. Parts Paragraphs Main Ideas Part One Paras. 1-3 The writer views his life in the country as a satisfying one. Part Two Paras. 4-7 Life in the country is good yet sometimes very hard. Part Three Paras. 8-11 After quitting his job, the writer’s income was reduced, but he and his family were able to manage to get by. Part Four Paras. 12-15 A tolerance for solitude and a lot of energy have made it possible for the family to enjoy their life in the country. 2. Happy Moments and Events Hardships 1) growing nearly all their fruits and 1)working hard both vegetables in winter and in summer 2) canoeing, picnicking, long bicycle 2)harsh environment rides, etc. and weather condition 3) keeping warm inside the house 3)anxious moments after the in winter writer quit his job 4) writing freelance articles 4)cutting back on daily expenses 5) earning enough money while 5) solitude maintaining a happy family life. P12 Language Sense Enhancement 1. (1)special qualities (2)a tight budget (3)entertain (4)anyway (5)involved (6)requirement (7)on a small scale (8)temptation (9)instead (10)machinery P15: Vocabulary I 1. 1)On balance 2)resist 3)haul 4)wicked 5)illustrated 6)budget 7)lowering 8)boundary 9)involved 10) economic 11)blasting 12)just about 2. 1)cut back/down 2)pick up 3)get by 4)get through 5)face up to 6)turn in 7)making up for 8)think up 3. 1)pursued his mathematical studies and taught himself astronomy. 2)often generate misleading thoughts. 3)attach great importance to combining theory with practice in our work. 4)be suspected of doing everything for money. 5)before he gets through life. 4. 1)their indoor a profit to invest in 2)device the improvement on a global scale 3)stacked temptation never dined out P18 II . Confusable Words 1. 1)house 2)Home 3)home family 4)household 2. 1)doubt 2)suspected 3)doubted 4)suspected 5)suspect P19 III. Word Formation 1)rise 2)final 3)regular 4)cash 5)hows whys 6)upped 7)yellowed 8)bottled 9)lower 10)search P 20: Comprehensive Exercise I . Cloze 1.(1)gets by (2)temptation (3)get through (4)improvements (5)aside from (6)suspect (7) supplement (8)profit (9)stacking 2. (1)replaced (2)consider (3)quit (4)world (5)tough (6)fuels (7)provide (8)luxuries (9)balance (10)ideal P21 II. Translation 1. 1) We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it’s fairly minor. 2) My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took over (responsibility for) my upbringing at that point. 3) The toys have to meet strict/tough safety requirements before they can be sold to children. 4) Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of news and opinion. 5) When it comes to this magazine, it is/carries a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world. 2. A decade ago, Nancy did what so many Americans dream about. She quit an executive position and opened/set up a household device store in her neighborhood. People like Nancy made the decision primarily for the improvement in the quality of their lives. But, to run a business on a small scale is by no means an easy job. Without her steady income, Nancy had to cut back on her daily expenses. Sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the premiums for the various kinds of insurance she needed. Fortunately, through her own hard work, she has now got through the most difficult time. She determined to continue pursuing her vision of a better life. P27 Comprehension Check 1.a 2.c 3.d 4.b 5.a 6.c P28: Translation 1.什么,你说那听起来不像你府上的生活,其实，不仅仅是 你一个人这么想。事实上，大多数人可能都跟你一样这么想 的。 2.例如，《交给比弗吧》一剧中妈妈戴着珍珠项链，穿着高 跟鞋做家务。爸爸整个周末都穿着西装，系着领带。 3.要是电视网或有线电视没有中意的节目，录像制品商店可 以提供好莱坞制作的品质迥异的各种节目:新近发行的电 影，动画片。“成人”电影，体育锻炼节目，旅游，体育及 入门指南录像带。 4.如今，妈妈在看她的有线电视销售服务节目的时候，爸爸 可能想租一部动作片。而在姐姐想看《辛普森一家》时， 弟弟妹妹却在玩《让我们炸毁土星》的电子游戏。 P28: Language Practice 1. Match the definitions (定义)in Column(栏)B with the words or phrases or phrases in Column A. 1)g 2)f 3)e 4)d 5)b 6)h 7)a 8)c 2. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases chosen from the box. Change the form where necessary. 1)roast 2)cable 3)at one time 4)get along 5)missed out on 6) commute 7)taken over 8)make sense 9)go with 10)dizzy 11)gasped 12)networks P31a Part III Supplementary Exercises 2. Translate the following into English: (a self-reliant sort of life) (the smell of the earth warming) (usual household routine) (lower the standard of living) (be on a tight budget) (resist the temptation) 3. Translate the following sentences into English: 1)(Later this month, we’ll spray the orchard, paint the barn, plant the garden and clean the hen house before the new chicks arrive.) 2)(I’m not making anywhere near as much money as I did when I was employed full time, but now we don’t need as much either.) 3)(When it comes to insurance, we have a poor man’s major-medical policy.) 4)(Once economic conditions improve, however, demand for farms like ours should be strong again.) 5)(Once economic conditions improve, however, demand for farms like ours should be strong again.) Unit 2 P33 After Listening th1. Barack Obama had become the 44 president of the United States. 2. how far they have come as a country 3. racial discrimination 4.persevere anything P40 Comprehension Content Questions Pair Work 1. Because she thought her great-great-grandfather was a heroic civil-rights fighter and never gave up struggling for freedom. 2. Because this is a place where many escaped slaves taking the Underground Railroad were finally saved by Henson. 3. The Underground Railroad was a secret web of escape routes and safe houses through which slaves in large numbers, with the help of lots of courageous people, fled to the North and obtained freedom. Courageous men and women forget it. 4. The author wanted to help the Americans remember those heroes. 5. He saved enough money by working in iron molding on the side to buy his freedom. 7. Because he was driven by religious conviction. 8. Coffin received frequent death threats and warnings that his store and home would be burned. 9. They had to travel hundreds of miles through unknown country with no road sign and few maps, usually under cover of night. 10. Because slavery had been abolished there in 1833, and Canadian authorities encouraged the runaways to settle their virgin land. 11. Because he heard alarming news: the new master was planning to sell him for plantation work in the Deep South. The slave would be separated forever from his family. 12. In Cincinnati the members of the Underground Railroad provided for their welfare, and set them thirty miles on their way by wagon. In Buffalo, N. Y. a friendly captain gave Henson a dollar and arranged for a boat, which carried them to Canada. P41 Working on Your Own 1. Parts Paragraphs Main Ideas Part One Paras. 1-5 It is high time to honor the heroes who helped liberate slaves by forging the Underground Railroad in the early civil-rights struggles in America. Part Two Paras.6-23 By citing examples the author praises the exploits of civil-rights heroes who helped slaves travel the Underground Railroad to freedom. 2. Story 1: (Paras. 6-10) After winning his own freedom from slavery, John Parker helped other slaves to escape north to Canada and freedom. Story 2: (Paras. 11-15) Supported by a strong religious conviction, the white man Levi Coffin helped black slaves to escape at huge risk to himself. Story 3: (Paras. 16-23) By traveling the Underground Railroad, Josiah Henson reached his destination and became free at last. P41 Language Sense Enhancement 1. (1) mission (2) courageous (3) forged (4)escape routes (5)liberate (6)authorized (7)honor (8)scheduled (9)exploits (10)intent on P44 Vocabulary I 1. 1) decades 2)historic 3)imposed 4) religious 5) slender 6)web 7)bade 8)site 9)on the side 10)authorized 11)terminal 12)make the best of 2. 1)went through 2)stood up for 3)laid down 4)take on 5)let(us) down 6)draw on 7)fall into 8)pass for 3. 1)are fully confident that the Americans will not be able to justify their measures to protect the struggling American steel industry. 2)in the eyes of Joe Klein, staff writer of the New Yorker and author of The Natural, the most talented politician of his generation and the most compelling. 3) people are really intent on destroying themselves with drugs. 4) could forge a completely different approach to life. 5) is our conviction that cloning of human being is bound to cause many ethical and social problems in the long run. 4. 1)As for do not compel capture of have forged 2)At huge risk the mission shelter 3)who abolished In the eyes of racial P47 II Words with Multiple Meanings 1.I’ll tell you in a minute how I attained the genuine sense of belonging in America, but first let me hear about your French trip. 2.Most McDonald’s look almost the same on the outside, but actually there are about 16 different basic designs. 3.Loaning money from the banks is but one of the methods we can use to get through a financial crisis. 4.This second-hand car has been nothing but trouble; it’s always breaking down. 5.In your resume you’ve mentioned everything but one vital point. 6.Our technicians have discovered a simple but effective solution to the problem. 7.I am sorry, but I think you shouldn’t have lingered on over coffee and missed the last but. 8.The bankruptcy of the company was not caused by evil, but by simple ignorance. P49 III Usage 1.lonely 2.friendly 3.weekly monthly 4.lovely 5.cowardly 6.kindly/saintly 7.lively 8.motherly P50 Comprehensive Exercises I Cloze 1. (1)forged (2)stand up (3)compelled (4)convictions (5)mission (6)abolish (7)intent on (8)risk (9)In the eyes of (10)threats 2. (1)assistance (2)involved (3)estimated (4)coincidence (5)emerged (6)referred (7)numerous (8)stationed (9) concern (10)capture II .Translation 1. 1) Though greatly affected by the consequences of the global financial crisis, we are still confident that we can face up to the challenge and overcome the crisis. 2) Under threat of constant sand storms, we were compelled to leave our cherished village and move to the new settlement. 3) According to a recent online survey, a lot of consumers say they may be motivated to consider buying products shown in TV commercials. 4) Having spotted a truck driver dumping contaminated waste alongside the river, the old man reported to the police at once. 5) Some scientists hold to the firm conviction that people will come to like genetically modified crops someday since they can increase yields and help combat hunger and disease in the developing world. 2. Shortly after he achieved freedom Henson became intent on assisting fugitive slaves. He secretly returned to the United States from Canada several times to help others to travel the Underground Railroad to freedom. Once some slave catchers closed in on the escaping slaves and Henson when they were on the run. He disguised them and successfully avoided capture. Later he built a small settlement in Dresden, Canada for escaped slaves, setting up a chapel and a school. He held to the conviction that slavery would be abolished, and the day was bound to come when racial discrimination on longer existed. P57 Comprehension Check 1. b 2.c 3.d 4.b 5.b 6.a P58 Translation 1.这一和平的不服从行为在蒙哥马利引发了抗议，最终使少 数民族权利在法律上发生了变化，开创了美国民权运动的新 时代。 2.后来她解释说，这儿似乎是她结束受人摆布，弄清如果有 的话她究竟有何人权的地方。 3.但是，蒙哥马利的黑人团体认为应该团结在她周围组织抗 议活动，她是适当担此重任的公民，因为她是该市最优秀的 公民之一。 4.他说:“只有极少人能说自己 的行动和行为改变了国家的 面貌。罗莎 帕克斯就是那些人中的一个” P58 Language Practice 1. Match the definitions in Column B with the word or phrases in Column A. d1) e2) f3) b4) g5) a6) h7) c8) 2. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases chosen from the box. Change the form where necessary. 1)trial 2)activist 3)equality 4)arrested 5)transportation 6)representatives 7)legal 8)boycotts 9)fame 10)representation 11)ushered in 12)lain in honor/in state P61a Part III Supplementary Exercises 2. Translate the following into English: (a slander woman in a black dress) (a man of principle) (a historic site) (peer out the door) (at huge risk) 3. Translate the following sentences into English: 1)(A gentle breeze swept the Canadian plains as I stepped outside the small two-story house.) 2)(Carter’s devotion to her ancestor is about more than personal pride: it is about family honor.) 3)(As the boat slid across the river, Parker watched helplessly as the pursuers closed in around the men he was forced to leave behind.) 4)(Many slaves traveled under cover of night, their faces sometimes caked with white powder.) 5)(I threw myself on the ground, rolled in the sand and danced around, till in the eyes several who were present, I passed for a madman.) Unit 3 P63 After Listening 1. visit the White House/take the White House tour 2. ran away up the hill with her purse/snatched her purse and ran away. 3. handed her Susan’s purse 4. live in safety. P68 Comprehension Content Questions Pair Work 1. No. 2. No. 3. It has been replaced by an era when employ various security devices at home. / It has been replaced by an atmosphere of fear and distrust. 4. Small notices announcing that the premises are under surveillance by this security force or that guard company. 5. The insurance company tries to impress the public that it will ensure your safety by paying for your losses. 6. An atmosphere of fear and distrust. 7. Because they feel threatened and want to keep outsides away. 8. No. They are by now the most sophisticated of security sites. 9. It is a way to hold the terrorists, real and imagined, at bay. 10. To tell whether their friend or client is telling lies. 11. All is done in the name of “security”. But according to the author, America, with all this “security”, is perhaps the most insecure nation in the history of civilization. 12. We may have locked the evils out, but in so doing we have locked ourselves in. P69 Working on Your Own 1. Parts Paragraphs Main Ideas Part One Paras. 1-3 In American, the era of leaving the front door on the latch has drawn to a close. Part Two Paras. 4-15 A new atmosphere of fear and distrust has crept into every aspect of daily life. As a result, security devices, in varied forms, are put to use. Part Three Paras. 16-19 In locking our fears out, we become prisoners of our own making. 2. 1) 2) Dead-bolt locks, security chains, electronic alarm systems and trip wires are widely in use. 3) Suburban families have steel bars built in sliding glass doors. 4) Small notices warning against burglary are commonly seen pasted on the windows of the most pleasant of homes. 5) Access cards are required of those who work with medium to large-size companies. 6) Airport security uses electronic X-ray equipment to guard against terrorism. 7) Businessmen employ new machines linked up to their telephone to help determine whether the caller is telling lies or not. 8) Suburban housewives wear rape whistles on their key chains. P70 Language Sense Enhancement 1. (1)electronic (2)hooked up to (3)suburban (4)built in (5)uncommon (6)announcing (7)surveillance (8)symbol (9)featured (10)attached to P72 Vocabulary I 1.1)threatens 2)by a small margin 3)civilize 4)closed up 5)wandered 6)paste 7)without so much as 8)sideways 9)hook up 10)universal 11)chart 12)Bathed in 2. 1)narrowed down 2)looked back on 3)cut off 4)fit into 5)wear (the other) down 6)lies in 7)put up 8)stand for 3.1) which is likely to make people vulnerable to asthma has been found by researchers at the Department of Clinical Medicine in Oxford. 2) with mirrored doors had to be built in so as to make their small bedroom look larger. 3) feature the space shuttle Challenger blowing up in January 1986—killing all seven crew. 4) threatened to keep the pupils in after school they were quieted at once. 5) are a major barrier to the country’s economic growth due to the fact that imported oil has absorbed 40% of its foreign exchange/because imported oil has absorbed 40% of its foreign exchange. 4. 1) looked back on atmosphere urban life 2) era hooked up to the the electronic 3)the suburb a sophisticated system analyze make errors P76 II. Collocation 1. away 2.inside/in 3.forward/through 4.back 5.off 6.home 7.back down 8.in out P76 III. Usage 1. 1. Internet is not such an unusual word as it used to be 2. Most men do not look unattractive in them 3. Wealthy as she is, she is not unconcerned by her sudden unemployment 4. This claim is not unrealistic in view of a sharp decrease in the city’s violent crimes. 5. His poor health is not unrelated to his unhealthy way of life P77 Comprehensive Exercises I Cloze 1. (1)Statistic (2)rural (3)era (4)stood for (5)the latch (6)vulnerable (7)barriers (8)electronic (9)reflection (10)civilized 2. (1)tougher (2)liable (3)shift (4)electric (5)cautious (6)sophisticated (7)thieves (8)break (9)chances (10)signs II Translation 1. 1)The Internet is changing the way people live, no matter whether they are in unban or rural areas. 2)Medium-sized and small companies are more vulnerable to the threat of the global economic crisis than large ones. 3)With regard to our term papers, the professor asked us to analyze the chart of unemployment first, and then provide critical reflections on the nation’s economic development. 4)It never occurred to him that their team would win the basketball match by a large margin. 5)Looking back on my twenty years’ teaching in high school, I attributed my success to patience, talent, and the constant pursuit of knowledge. 2. It is almost impossible to keep a determined burglar out. All you can do is discourage him for a few minutes, thus exposing him to police patrols. Common sense tells us that lighting is a barrier to criminal activity. A light should be fixed in the doorway and switched on at night. Make sure/Assure yourself that you don’t leave the door on the latch if you happen to be the last to come in. If you decide to buy a sophisticated electronic alarm system, be sure to ask for its sings and put them up on both windows and doors. In addition you may have it hooked up to a police station. P85 Comprehension Check. Choose the best answer for each of the following. 1.b 2.b 3.b 4.d 5.a 6.d P85 Translation 1.时至今日，我成了一个典型的被枪支制造商视为潜在买主 的那种女人——成了成千上万个采取这种行动的人中的一 员。 2.据称他的犯罪行为非常残忍，他加害于人的欲望非常强 烈，这使我开始对自己在任何情况下不杀人的信念产生了怀 疑。 3.我意识到，自己曾经积极提倡的一厢情愿的和平主义会危 害自身，更糟的是，会危害我的儿子。于是我极不情愿地认 定:为了我们的生存，我必须确保有一个最佳选择方案。 4.我手指扣住扳机，最后用力一扣，在亲手结束了侵入者生 命的同时也庆幸自己没有成为牺牲品。 P86 Language Practice 1. Match the definitions in Column B with the words or phrases in Column A. d) f) h) a) g) e) b) c) 2. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases form the box. Change the form where necessary. 1)belief 2)wrapping 3)draw the line at 4)break into 5)take the plunge 6)squeeze 7)advocated 8)insure 9)in his favor 10)Under no circumstances 11)on the line 12)aimed at P91a Part III Supplementary Exercises 2. (public service advertisement) (medium-to-large-size company) (access card) (security guard) (front desk) (station wagon) 3. 1) (Suburbs and country areas are, in may ways, even more vulnerable than well-patrolled urban streets.) 2) (Many suburban families have sliding glass doors on their patios, with steel bars elegantly built in so no one can pry the doors open.) 3) (Even a decade ago, most private businesses had a policy of free access. It simply didn’t occur to managers that the proper thing to do was to distrust people.) 4) (With electronic X-ray equipment, we seem finally to have figured out a way to hold the terrorists, real and imagined, at bay.) 5) (We have become so smart about self-protection that, in the end, we all outsmarted ourselves.) Unit 4 P93 After Listening 1. Franklin Einstein 2. experimentalist the theory theorist in the lab 3. creative P99 Content Questions Pair Work 1. He worked as a “Technical Expert, Third Class”. He needed the job to support his young family. 2. He published five of the most important papers in the history of science. This is because they proved that atoms and molecules existed, laid the foundation for quantum mechanics, describe the theory of special relativity, and advanced the famous equation: E=mc2. 3. He developed the Theory of Universal Gravitation then. 4. Because his ideas were far ahead of other scientists of his time. 5. He meant that like other scientists Einstein was a man of his time. If he hadn’t been born, his 1905 papers would eventually have been written in some form by others. 6. What was remarkable about 1905 is that year a single person authored five of the most important papers in science. Einstein proposed in 1905 that light is particulate and for this he won the Nobel Prize in 1921. 7. Because if you did so you would find yourself disagreeing with physicist James Clerk Maxwell, an Authority Figure who had proved that light was an electromagnetic wave. 8. He was not at all concerned about authority. He hated being told what was true. 9. Science was dinner-table conversation in the Einstein household when he was young. His interest in science came naturally. 10. He credited his discoveries to imagination and endless questioning more so that orthodox intelligence. 11. He struggled to produce a unified field theory, combining gravity with other forces of nature, but he failed. 12. He found Einstein’s brain looked much like any other. P100 Working on Your Own 1. Parts Paragraphs Main Ideas Part One Paras. 1-3 A young husband and father, Albert Einstein had to work hard to support his family. Part Two Paras. 4-12 Einstein made astonishing achievements in physics and thus revolutionized the field. Part Three Paras. 13-21 Einstein’s discoveries were attributable to his imagination, questioning, disregard for authority, powers of concentration, and interest in science. Part Three Paras. 22-23 Einstein was not a space alien. 2. 1) He felt all the pressure and responsibility of any young husband and father. 2) Galison: If Einstein hadn’t been born, his 1905 papers would have been written in some form by others. 3) Other physicists like Max Planck, more senior and experienced than Einstein, were closing in on the answer, but he got there first. 4) Einstein himself credited his discoveries to imagination and questioning more so than orthodox intelligence. 5) He failed in producing a unified field theory. 6) His brain looked much like any other. P101 Language Sense Enhancement (1) concentration (2) lie down (3)balance (4)engross himself in (5)stimulated (6)more so (7)curious (8)assessment (9)credited (10)intelligence P104 Vocabulary I 1.1) accordingly 2) loose 3)concentration 4)stimulating 5) fabric 6) if anything 7)reality 8)intuition 9) trifle 10) at the turn of the century 11)mess 12)undermine 2.1) approve of 2)slow down 3)taken in 4)sucked into 5) set apart 6)dozed off 7)call forth 8)stretch into 9) keep up with 10)believe in 3. 1) provided inspiration for many artists and musicians over the decades. 2) is credited to his powers of imagination. 3) on the foundations of an agricultural revolution. 4) not to make any complaints in the presence of the nurse. 5) the outbreak of the Second world War. 4. 1) flaw came to the conclusion would get nowhere 2) in a row dozed off a mess of 3) outbreak of has undermined has strained P106 II. Collocation 1. With Christmas only a week away 2. With his physical condition improving day by day 3. With our GDP growing steadily 4. With all the shops closed 5. With her eves closed 6. With the fog lifting during the night P107 III. Usage 1.like/as 2.as 3.like 4.like/as 5.as/like 6.as 7.like 8.as P108 Comprehensive Exercises I .Cloze 1. (1)caution (2)came to the conclusion (3)never get anywhere (4)undermining (5)not give/care a fig (6)flaw (7)beyond any doubt (8)foundation (9)remarkable/impressive (10)imagination 2. (1)extent (2)inventions (3)bet (4)manages (5)vision (6)eventually (7)achievement (8)poverty (9)utilized (10)breakthrough P109 II. Translation 1. 1) The volunteers sent/assigned by the Red Cross disinfected, with great caution, the drinking water in the village so as to avoid an outbreak of plague. 2) Einstein spent many years trying to unify the theories of electromagnetism and gravity but failed. 3) Professor Wang received/won the presidential Award for his excellence in stimulating students’ creative imagination. 4) As there were some major design flaws, the board of directors didn’t approve of the economic stimulus package. 5) Having realized that nobody could help him, Jordan finally came to the conclusion that he had to face reality and take up/meet the challenge by himself. 2. What was remarkable about 2005 was perhaps that the United Nations declared it “The World Year of thphysics”. It was the 100 anniversary of Einstein’s ththeory of relativity and the 50 anniversary of his death. In 1905 Einstein published five highly important essays in the history of science, thus revolutionizing physics. His great achievements can be credited to his impressive powers of imagination, constant questioning, and not giving a fig for authority. It is beyond doubt that Einstein was the thgreatest scientist in the 20 century. P115 Comprehension Check 1.c 2.d 3.b 4.a 5.c 6.d P116 Translation 1.爱因斯坦头戴宽边黑帽，里面的头发露了出来。他秘密登 上拖船，和随行人员一起摆渡到下曼哈顿，从那里一辆汽 车飞快将他送到普林斯顿。 2.但是，小时候的爱因斯坦并不是那个聪颖的爱因斯坦。 3.“在我们出生的神秘世界面前，我们永远现得像充满好 奇心的孩子。” 4.到1921年春天，他在全世界迅速传扬的名望促成了他为 期俩个月的隆重的美国之行。他受到了非常热烈的欢迎， 无论走到哪里，总会引发大众的狂热。 P116 Lanquaqe Practice 1. e1) f2) h3) g4) a5) c6) b7) d8) 2. 1)contribution 2)find out 3)appreciate 4)overcome 5)consult 6)despite 7)widespread 8)come by 9)not amount to much 10)resistance 11)conflict 12)disarmed P119a 2. Translate the following into English. (keep the household awake) (couldn’t skip a day ) (lay the foundation for quantum mechanics) (with nothing better to do ) (character flaw) 3. Translate the following sentences into English: 1)(The United Nations has declared 2005 “The world thYear of Physics” to celebrate the 100 anniversary of Einstein’s “miracle year.”) 2)(Your mere presence here undermines the class’s respect for me. ) 3)(Science was dinner-table conversation in the Einstein household.) 4)(Albert’s interest in science and technology came naturally.) 5)(Einstein credited his discoveries to imagination and endless questioning more so than orthodox intelligence. ) Test Yourself (Units 1-4) P120 Part II Reading Comprehension How Geniuses Work 1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.combination 9.the concept of genius 10.creativity/creative intelligence P124 Section A 11.D 12.B 13.C 14.D 15.D 16.B 17.A 18.C 19.A 20.D 21.B 22.C 23.A 24.C 25.B P126 Section B 26.C 27.C 28.D 29.B 30.A 31.A 32.C 33.A 34.A 35.B Section C (36)knowledge (37)attitude (38)determined (39)multiplication (40)promote (41)disappointment (42)amuse (43)traits (44) it let him to think in pictures and to observe with wonder the everyday phenomena that others took for granted (45) As a result, he was the only graduate in his section who was not offered a junior professorship (46) the job allowed him to do thought experiments and encourage him to question conventional wisdom P128 Part IV Section A (47)N (48)G (49)J (50)C (51)A (52)K (53)O (54)L (55)E (56)M Section B 57.D 58.D 59.A 60.A 61.D 62.C 63.A 64.D 65.C 66.C P131 Part V Cloze 67.B 68.B 69.A 70.C 71.D 72.B 73.A 74.B 75.B 76.C 77.C 78.A 79.B 80.A 81.A 82.B 83.A 84.A 85.C 86.C P133 Test Yourself Answer Sheet 1 Part I My Views Campus Security On-campus crime can seriously students’ lives. When students are constantly worried about their own safety or the safety of their property, they become upset and quality of their work suffers. Theft or burglary may well leave a student in financial difficulties and those who are physically wounded may live in fear for years to come. Of course there is no absolute protection from crime. However we still can pull together to make our campus a safer place. For instance, the students and the university staff could work together to watch out for all suspicious people or unusual events on the campus. There should also he more security officers to patrol the campus, especially at night. In addition to strengthening our vigilance, the use of crime prevention equipment and taking sensible precautions can also reduce the risk of crime significantly. Part II 1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.combination 9.the concept 10.creativity/creative intelligence P134 Test Yourself Answer Sheet 2 Part III Section A Section B 11.D 12.B 13.C 14.D 15.D 16.B 17.A 18.C 19.A 20.D 21.B 22.C 23.A 24.C 25.B 26.C 27.C 28.D 29.B 30.A 31.A 32.C 33.A 34.A 35.B Section C (36)knowledge (37)attitude (38)determined (39)multiplication (40)promote (41)disappointment (42)amuse (43)traits (44)it led him to think in pictures and to observe with wonder the everyday phenomena that others took for granted (45)As a result, he was the only graduate in his section who was not offered a junior professorship (46)the job allowed him to do thought experiments and encouraged him to question conventional wisdom P135 Part IV Section A Section B Part V 47.N 48.G 49.J 50.C 51.A 52.K 53.O 54.L 55.E 56.M 57.D 58.D 59.A 60.A 61.D 62.C 63.A 64.D 65.C 66.C 67.B 68.B 69.A 70.C 71.D 72.B 73.A 74.B 75.B 76.C 77.C 78.A 79.B 80.A 81.A 82.B 83.A 84.A 85.C 86.C P135 Part VI Translation 87.resist the temptation to buy before you fly 88.disguised himself so well that he could pass for a tramp 89.without so much as a him of apology 90.you’ll never get anywhere in business 91.was bathed in the warm light of the rising sun. Unit 5 P137 Part I Listening Task (1)cheered us on (2)cousins (3)wheelchair (4)struck (5) Occasionally (6)wheel ourselves around (7)for granted (8) she was cared for and lived a full life (9)gratitude (10) wonderful role models P144 After Listening 1. being grateful/thankful(for what she had) 2. gratitude/grateful don’t P144 Comprehension Content Questions Pair Work 1. He wrote them on a ship on the way to the island of Tulagi in the South Pacific on Thanksgiving Day,1943. 2. Preparing a traditional Thanksgiving dinner featuring toast turkey made the writer extremely busy. 3. The writer was thinking about Thanksgiving. 4. He decided to write letters to show gratitude to those who had helped him in his life. 5. He had always accepted what they had done for him, but never expressed to any of them a simple “Thank you.” 6. He decided to write to his father, his grandmother, and the Rev. Lonual Nelson, his grammar school principal. 7. His father had impressed upon him from boyhood a love of books and reading. 8. He remembered that each morning Nelson would open the school with a prayer over his assembled students. 9. He recalled how his grandmother had taught him to tell the truth, to share, and to be forgiving and considerate of others. And he thanked her for her delicious food and for all the wonderful things she had done for him. 10. His reading of their letters left him not only astonished but also more humbled than before, because they all thanked him rather than saying they would forgive him for not having previously thanked them. 11. The write learned that one should learn to express appreciation for others’ efforts. 12. The write wished for all people the common sense to achieve world peace, and find the good and praise it. P145 Working on Your Own 1. Parts Paragraphs Main Ideas Part One Paras.1-9 On Thanksgiving Day 1943, as a young coastguardsman at sea, the writer came up with the idea of expressing his gratitude to people who had helped him before. Part Two Paras. 10-16 The writer wrote three thank-you letters to his father, the Rev. Nelson and his grandmother. Part Three Paras.17-23 The writer got three letters in reply. Part Three Paras.24-26 The writer wishes everyone to find the good and praise it. 2. Letters Sent Letters Received Thanks him for Tells the writer teaching the how he, as a writer from teacher and a boyhood to love father as well, books and felt content with reading. his son. Thanks him for Tells the writer his morning about his school prayers. retirement coupled with self-doubt, and the reassurance brought to him by the writer’s letter. Thanks her for Expresses her teaching the loving writer how to gratefulness to tell the truth, her grandson. to share and to be forgiving, and for her good cooking and her sprinkling the writer’s life with stardust. P146 Language Sense Enhancement 1. (1)decades (2)undergoing (3)had done wrong (4)welcome reassurance (5)appreciated (6)brought back (7)relatives (8)accomplish (9)consume (10)representing P149 Vocabulary I 1.1)sprinkled 2)in turn 3)reversed 4)repay 5)at sea 6)traditional 7)statement 8)longed for 9)in secret 10)unloaded 11)weep 12)under way 2. 1) stretch out 2)make out 3)hope for 4)turns over 5)put away 6)brings back 7)got to 8)go about 3. 1) diminish, people are working to increase the use of solar energy. 2) accord high priority to meeting the challenges of economic and environmental development in the region. 3) are exposed to more information than were children of the past, it does not follow that they automatically become more sophisticated. 4) has been immersed in British history and culture. 5) in a flash on June 1,2000 when he lost both legs in a serious traffic accident. 4. 1) my sincere considerate of with gratitude 2) assembled amid the in quest of 3) was marvelous had undergone swift and the rest P151 II Collocation 1.fond of 2.sick of 3.thoughtful of 4.confident of 5. conscious of 6.critical of 7.guilty of 8.ashamed of P152 III Usage 1. To know what people really think, pay regard to what they do, rather than what they say. 2. It is cooperation, rather than conflict, that will enable you to achieve your success. 3. Ann made students think for themselves rather than telling them what to think. 4. I think I’ll stay at home this evening rather than go/going out. 5.Most people are content to let perfect days happen at random rather than plan/planning for them. P153 Comprehensive Exercises I Cloze 1. (1)at sea (2)Turning over (3)reverse (4)got to (5)repay (6)gratitude (7)assembled (8)immersed in (9)unloading (10)swift 2.(1)Instead (2)possessions (3)richer (4)breath (5)cherish (6)special (7)specific (8)shining (9)miracles (10)gift P154 II Translation 1. 1)Grandma took it for granted that food prices would soar, so she bought a lot of rice. 2)I can quote you several instances of her dedication to science. 3)The 1980s saw the start of the swift development of some special economic zones in China. 4)Tension between the two countries stemmed in part from the latest spy affair. 5)Peter has worked in a law firm for many years. You can consider having him as your lawyer to act on your behalf when you need legal help. 2. Amid the atmosphere of Thanksgiving George was immersed in the diary left to him by his father, who died at sea after he completed two successive trips around the world. The diary brought back every moment George had spent with his father and may of the specific things his father did on his behalf. George’s father used to impress on him the need to undergo all kinds of hardship in quest of excellence. Even today, George still remembers how his father would quote Aesop’s famous saying “Gratitude is the sign of noble souls” and tell him to accord the greatest importance to it. P158 Comprehension Check 1.b 2.d 3.d 4.a 5.d 6.a P159 Translation 1.后续的研究发现，那些每天都能找到感激之事的人较少 追求物质享受——他们不大会把生活的满意度与物质财富 联系起来。 2.每天只需要花几分钟工夫，感恩就会产生力量。但是它 需要始终不渝，心胸开阔以及奉献精神。 3.感恩日记使你以积极而又具体的方式看待生活，提醒你 关注在这个快节奏的，冷漠的世界生活的相互联系，以及 他人在多大程度上提升了你的生活质量。 4.在人际联系显得越来越少而且有时非常紧张的当今世 界，感恩之情会激起回响。 P159 1. Match the definitions in Column B with the words and phrases in Column A. 1).e 2).g 3).b 4).d 5).h 6).f 7).c 8).a 2. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases chosen from the box. Change the farm where necessary. 1)consistency 2)favorable 3)compassionate 4)perceived 5)volunteers 6)Negative 7)cut off 8)on a basis 9)on average 10)per 11)concrete 12)enhancing P163a Part III Supplementary Exercises 2. (canned foods) (take it for granted) (heartfelt appreciation) (in a flash) (express one’s loving gratitude to sb.) (undergo such swift changes) 3. Translate the following sentences into English: 1)(This Thanksgiving morning had seen us busily preparing a traditional dinner featuring roast turkey.) 2)(Not one time had I ever bothered to express to any of them so much as a simple, sincere “Thank you.”) 3)(My love of books never diminished and later led me toward writing books myself.) 4)(Every time the ship’s loudspeaker rasped, “Attention! Mail call!” two hundred-odd shipmates came pounding up on deck and clustered about the two seamen, standing by those precious bulging gray sacks.) 5)(Rather than saying they would forgive that I hadn’t previously thanked them, instead, they were thanking me.) Unit 6 P165 After Listening 1.toys crayons candy 2.hundreds of backpacks house 3.give 4.other children P172 Comprehension Content Questions Pair Work 1. They found their tastes in art, chicory salad and bishop sleeves so much in tune that they set up a joint studio. 2. Johnsy would be able to recover from pneumonia if she wanted to live. 3. She wanted to paint the Bay of Naples some day. 4. She could see a bare yard, and an old ivy vine climbing half way up the brick wall. 5. Because she thought that she would die when the 6. No. Because in the text the author mentions that Behrman was a failure in art. For forty years he had been always about to paint a masterpiece, without ever actually starting one. 7. He was upset that Johnsy should have such a silly idea. 8. Because they were afraid that Johnsy would die if the leaves on it were all gone. 9. She saw the last leaf on the vine. 10. It rekindled her will to live. And she realized that it was a sin to want to die. 11. He caught pneumonia because he painted the last leaf on a rainy and cold night in the yard and was wet through. 12. Yes, he finished his masterpiece eventually. It was his fine painting of the last leaf, the painting that saved Johnsy. P173 Text Organization Working on You Own 1. 1) She made up her mind to die when the last leaf fell. 2) She decided not to give up her life. 3) Behrman, a kind neighbor, who was aware of Johnsy’s state of mind, risked death to paint the last leaf and save her. 4) Because it was so perfect the girls both mistook it for the real thing. 2. Scenes Paragraphs Characters Events Two Paras.3-8 the doctor,Sue The doctor told Sue that Johnsy needed a strong will to live on. Three Paras.9-17 Johnsy, Sue Johnsy decided that she would die when the last ivy leaf fell. Four Paras.18-21 Behrman, Sue Sue told Behrman about Johnsy’s fancy. Five Paras.22-23 Sue, Johnsy As Johnsy was encouraged by the last leaf that wouldn’t give in to the weather, her will to live returned. Six Paras.34-37 the doctor, Sue The doctor told Sue that Johnsy would recover, but that Behrman had caught pneumonia himself and his case was hopeless. Seven Paras.38-39 Sue, Johnsy Sue told Johnsy that Behrman had performed a kind deed without any thought of self. P174 Language Sense Enhancement 1. (1)curling (2)looking the part (3)masterpiece (4)to excess (5)For the rest (6)smelling strongly of (7)fancy (8)light and fragile(9)slight hold upon the world (10)streaming P176 Vocabulary I 1. 1)masterpieces 2)fragile 3)fancy 4)nonsense 5)cling to 6)endure 7)acute 8)whistle 9)mock 10)subtracted 11)Sin 12)flutter/fluttering 2. 1)gave in/ gave up 2)figure out 3)sized up 4)wiped out 5)pulling up 6)wear away 7)sit up 8)hear of/ about 3. 1) usually stand out in childhood memories. 2) a joint bachelor’s degree program in environmental studies together with Duke University. 3) still stalks the country. 4) scarcely any surface water in the desert. 5) for change in the election law is so persistent that both houses have promised to consider it. 4. 1) dreary mingled with not to excess a merry 2) called to us in a whisper in tune with 3) backward wet through won’t hear of turn loose your P179 II Words with Multiple Meanings 1. He went to Paris on business last month. 2. The train to Brussels goes at 2:25p.m. 3. As soon as they arrived at the meadow, the shepherd let the sheep go. 4. We went exploring together in the mountains./ We will go exploring together in the mountains. 5. Let’s go and have a drink in the bar. 6. The store is going to close up soon. 7. South Koreans went crazy when their soccer players beat the Spanish team in the quarter-finals. 8. When the mother came out of the house, she found her children gone. P180III Usage 1. a little white wooden house 2. long, curly red hair 3. a large old round table 4.a cheap Indian restaurant 5. a huge cool chocolate ice-cream 6. rapid technological advance 7. a handsome young Chinese American P181. Comprehensive Exercises I Cloze 1.(1)in tune (2)Scarcely (3) in a whisper (4)cling to (5)merry (6)sat up (7)nonsense (8)fancy (9)sin (10)masterpiece 2.(1)mission (2)involve (3)jail (4)not (5)collect (6)deliver (7)beautiful (8)vacation (9)need (10)small P182 II Translation 1. 1)The red house stands out against the old trees that reach high up to the sky. 2)The salary in/for my new job is great, but for the rest, I’m not satisfied. 3)The waters of the two streams mingle near our village. 4)We should not mock at other people’s religious beliefs. 5)The curtains of the room are not quite in tune with the style of the furniture. 2. Here and there we see young artists who stand out from other people. They may be in worn-out jeans all the year round, or walk barefoot/in bare feet even in winter, or drink to excess, or cling to the fancy of creating a masterpiece without actually doing any creative work. In fact, many of them act like this just to look the part, or to be in tune with other artists. They have forgotten that only through persistent effort can one achieve success. P186 Comprehension Check 1.b 2.c 3.b 4.c 5.d 6.a Translation 1.他被急急送到机场，刚好赶上唯一一架或许能让他赶到垂 危老父身边的飞机。 2.前一夜，老人突发严重的心脏病，被用了大量镇静剂，此 刻神智只是部分清醒。 3.每次护士来到病房，士兵总是在那儿，但他没有主意她， 也没有主意夜晚医院里的丛杂声——氧气罐的丁当声，夜班 医护人员相互打招呼时的笑声，其他病人的叫喊声，呻吟声 和打鼾声。 4.他以一种极富人情味的方式证明了世间有人关心别人的 境遇。 P187 Language Practice 1. f1) c2) a3) g4) b5) e6) h7) d8) 2. 1)conscious 2)outline 3)enables 4)moans 5)started off 6)cut short 7)serial 8)toughen 9)Military 10)pulled out 11)collapsed 12)encouragement P191a Part III Supplementary Exercises 2. (one chance in ten) (curative power of medicines) (whistle a merry tune) (ten to one) (be wet through) 3. 1)(I will do all that science can accomplish.) 2)(The cold breath of autumn had blown away its leaves, leaving it almost bare.) 3)(I want to turn loose my hold on everything , and go sailing down, down, just like one of those poor, tired leaves.) 4)(They looked at each other for a moment without speaking. A persistent, cold rain was falling, mingled with snow.) 5)(The day wore away, and even through the twilight they could see the lone ivy leaf clinging to its stem against the wall.) Unit 7 P193 After Listening 1. Because Onetta works hard for the money. 2. Becuase sometimes people show that they care for her. 3. Respect those who work hard to serve people, no matter what the job is. P200 Comprehension Content Questions Pair Work 1. A surgeon’s scar cuts across his lower back. The fingers on his right hand are so twisted that he can’t tie his shoes. His mother’s challenge and the voices of those who believed him stupid, incapable of living independently keep him going on. 2. He is a door-to-door salesman. His weapons are: dark slacks, blue shirt and matching jacket, brown tie, tan raincoat, hat and a briefcase. 3. He is afraid that someone will steal his briefcase. He was different in the cerebral palsy affected his speech, hands and walk. 4. First a school for the disabled and then Lincoln High School, where he was placed in a class for slow kids. 5. She was certain that he could rise above his limitations. 6. He applied for a salesman’s job. 7. With his mother setting up a meeting with a Watkins representative, as well as by his own persistence. 8. He lacked confidence. It took him quite a while to have the courage to ring the first doorbell. 9. He keeps coming back until the customer buys. He tells himself not to worry if his day has not turned out to be profitable. 10. Because he was laid up for five months after back surgery and couldn’t work. 11. Like a home of the past era. He leads a solitary life. 12. No, he doesn’t. Because he lives a life of dignity. P201 Working on Your Own 1. Parts Paragraphs Time of the Day Bill’s Activities Part One: Paras.1-7 early morning preparation for the day’s work Part Two: Paras.8-25 early to mid-morning on his way to work Part Three: Paras.26-62 Late morning and afternoon Part Three: Paras.63-84 evening eating a frozen dinner and doing some paper work 2. Paras. 1-20: his disability, his schooling, and his hard struggle to make a living for himself Para. 71: his back surgery and the selling of his house P202 Language Sense Enhancement (1)trapped (2)impatient (3)rushed about (4)future (5)rise above his limitations (6)applied for (7)product (8)door-to-door (9)representative (10)gave in P205 Vocabulary I 1. 1)disabled 2)impatient 3)solitary 4)crushed 5)feel like 6)lashed 7)echoing 8)paused 9)betrayed 10)laundry 11)section 12)tilted 2. 1)cared for 2)hang on 3)was laid up with 4)are gaining on 5)kicked up 6)went off 7)drop off 8)straighten out 3. 1) sometimes didn’t register with her. 2) in disorder, drawers pulled out, shoes and boots scattered. 3) was transferred from Father’s account to my account. 4) a pledge to contribute 100,000 dollars to the Children in Need charity campaign. 5) the most profitable business in that province. 4. 1) gaining on off balance was laid up in scar on 2) a cripple/ crippled surgery limitations in literature 3)commission on the phone his territory never registers with P208 II Usage 1.I never did go over these books, although I probably should have. 2. I know this is a personal question. You don’t have to answer me if you don’t want to. 3. I think this topic should have attracted far more attention from philosophers than it has. 4. “I think you’re right.”—“I’m sure I am.” 5. “He thought that the condition was hereditary in his case.”—“Well, it might be.” 6. “Sugar?”—“No. Maybe next time.” 7. The house is only a building. It is a place to live, nothing more. 8. DIANE: You didn’t! Tell me you didn’t! FATHER: Oh, yes. Anything for my children. P209 III Word Family 1. 1)bored 2)boredom 3) bored 4)boringly 5)boring 2. 1)encouraged2)encouragingly3)encouraging4)encoura gement 3. 1)frozen 2)freeze 3)freezing 4)freezer 5)freeze P210 Comprehensive Exercises I Cloze 1.(1)off feet (2)signature (3)commission (4)on the phone (5)laid up (6)surgery (7)territory (8) disorder (9)applying for (10)dignity 2. (1)didn’t (2)read (3)come (4)money (5)because (6)earning (7)doing (8)own (9)Obviously (10)value P211 II Translation 1. 1)I grew terribly scared when I heard sound of footsteps echoing round the hallway at midnight yesterday. 2)The name-brand sports shoes are guaranteed for 12 months. 3) Snowstorms threw communications and transportation into disorder. 4) I’ve been suffering a lot of stress from work lately. I feel like taking a vacation at the seaside. 5) Living in an apartment is all right, but it has its limitations —for example, you don’t have your own garden. 2. Tom was born a cripple, with one of his lower limbs useless. Early in his childhood, he learned that unless he so exerted himself as to rise above his limitations, he could not earn a living, and unless he succeeded in making a living on his own, he could not win/gain the respect of others. That was the price he had to pay for his dignity as a human being. Tom applied for numerous jobs, only to be turned down, before he finally got one as a delivery boy for a pizza Hut. He then worked as a sales representative for a sportswear company in a territory no one else would want. Today he owns a fairly profitable retail shop in his hometown, and hires several people to work for him. P217 1.c 2.d 3.a 4.d 5.d 6.b P217 Translation 1.当时我俩并未意识到这一点，但那就是我们之间开始拉开 距离的日子，是开始在家庭内部重新界定劳动者的意义的日 子。 2.他没有想到的是，他的大儿子打破了蓝领规矩的第一条: 赚尽可能多的钱，过尽可能好的生活。 3.爸爸就像家人期望的那样，学了一门手艺，过上了一种预 先设计好的单调生活。 4.与此同时，他继续他的蓝领生活，一块一块地砌砖。 P218 Lanquaqe Practice 1.Match the definitions I Column B with words and phrases in Column A. h1) c2) e3) f4) b5) d6) a7) g8) 2. 1) institutions 2)campus 3)myth 4)advertise 5)criticized 6) took on 7)putting through 8)settled into 9)come down to 10)lucrative 11)loaded 12)scratch P223a Part III Supplementary Exercised 2. (lower back) (rise above limitations) (help wanted ads) (sales talk) (paid holiday) 3.1) (Making a living as a door-to-door salesman demands a thick skin, both to protect against the weather and against constantly having the door shut in your face.) 2) (And his enemies——a crippled body that betrays him and a changing world that no longer needs him— —are gaining on him.) 3) (His mind was trapped in a body that didn’t work.) 4) (It took Porter four false starts before he found the courage to ring the first doorbell.) 5) (If a customer turned him down, Porter kept coming back until they heard him. And he sold.) Unit 8 After Listening 1.He holds that we must distinguish between different types of human cloning. Some are justified while others are not. 2.Safety 3.Yes 4.Human cloning. P323 Comprehension Content Questions Pair Work 1. At his mother’s funeral, the writer swore that one day he’d do something about conditions like hers. 2. One night the writer went out for drinks with another gentleman whose father had died of ALS. They talked about their parents then and wanted to do something as a legacy for them. The stem cell research company Stemagen thus came into existence. 3. They were concerned about the reproductive possibilities of cloning when Dolly was born. 4. Human reproductive cloning is ethically wrong because the majority of reproductive clones in other species are actually abnormal, with very high miscarriage rates, very high stillbirth rates, fetal anomalies, death soon after birth, et cetera. 5. The writer shows a positive attitude towards therapeutic cloning. He holds that therapeutic cloning does not involve any type of risk to human life and actually provides tremendous potential for the relief of suffering in human beings who are undergoing some awful things. 6. The writer honestly thinks that someone will attempt human reproductive cloning and there is no way to stop it. 7. Because by doing so, they could make cloning very real so that people around the world know that cloning is coming along. 8. Their purpose in creating disease-specific and person-specific stem cell lines is to study the causes of specific diseases, and then research a variety of treatments for these diseases. If the stem cell lines are created for any given individual and are later transplanted back into the individual, they will not be rejected by the individual. 9. The writer holds that in reality it is transcendent because when you look through the microscope, you see what you may have looked liked a long time ago, at least in part. 10. It brought tears to his eyes because the research was done for his mother, and he realized that if she had only been able to live a few years longer, maybe they could have used this technology to help her. 11. In the process of analysis, the embryos were destroyed by necessity. In other words, to get the genetic material from inside the cells to analyze it, they had to destroy the cell. 12. Because the writer thinks that logically, an embryo is not life, although it is a potential life. The vast majority of embryos never become life—they just generate, don’t implant and die. P233 Text Orqanization Working on Your Own Parts Paragraphs Main Ideas Part One: Paras.1-4 The writer relates under what circumstances the stem cell research company Stemagen was set up Part Two: Paras.5-23 The writer gives an account of their research efforts toward the goal of crating lines of embryonic stem cells using a process known as therapeutic cloning. Part Three: Paras.24-27 The writer tells about his attitude towards criticisms against using embryos for scientific research. 2. To create an exact copy of Not to produce another an animal or human that organism, but to harvest already exists or has embryonic stem cells for existed. use n medical treatments. The majority of Therapeutic cloning does reproductive clones are not involve any type of abnormal, with very high risk to human life and miscarriage rates, very actually provides high stillbirth rates, tremendous potential for fetal anomalies, death the relief of suffering in soon after birth, et human beings. cetera. P234 Language Sense Enhancement 1. (1)in some ways (2)make the most of (3)individual (4)replicated (5)roadmap (6)in place (7)result from (8)dissuade (9) Quite honestly (10)legislate P237 Vocabulary I 1. 1)complications 2)tremendous 3)brilliant 4)analysis 5)transplant 6)In a sense 7)consented 8)In some ways 9)eyesight 10)in reality 11)implanted 12)procedures 2. 1)focus on 2)come forward 3)result form 4)to through 5) carry out 6)work on 7)feed on 8)settled over 3. 1)resulted from a childhood illness. 2) was condemned by the trade unions as endangering jobs. 3)in place, even those with persistent, long-term mental illnesses can usually learn to manage their symptoms and live productive lives. 4)but apparently showed disapproval of his behavior. 5)you should make the most of any advice which you can get from the interviewer. 4.1)misconceptions potential make the most of 2)donated contentious issue and opponents 3)a fraud in some ways condemn him P240 II Collocation 1)permission to adopt her 2)a willingness to restart peace talks 3)failure to find meaning in life 4)his determination to realize his ideals 5)attempt to blow up the bridge 6)an opportunity to pursue a college degree P241 III Usage 1)Do you consider it any good continuing your investigations? 2)It is reported that two people were killed in the explosion. 3)I owe it to you that I have been able to get back to my studies. 4)It is no good bothering about such a trifle. 5)It won’t do you any good to hide your sickness for fear of treatment. 6)We all think it a pity to give up the experiment half way. P242 Comprehensive Exercises I Cloze 1. (1)issue (2)contentious (3)clones (4)potential (5)condemn (6)misconceptions (7)opponents (8)results (9)forward (10)donated 2. (1)prospect (2)intention (3)Despite (4)developing (5)publish (6)condemned (7)among (8)standpoint (9)standard (10)rejection P243 II Translation 1. 1)Medical experts debated whether the cloning of human beings should be permitted and what its potential effects on society might be. 2)Eighty-five per cent of the people in the local area are in full-time employment; only 3% describe themselves as unemployed. 3)The departments concerned in China will speed up legislation to protect rights of migrant workers. 4)In recent years, some psychologists have tried to explain intelligence from a biological standpoint. 5)The global financial crisis has had a huge impact on that country’s export industry. In no more than six months, may factories have closed down by necessity. 2. Dolly the sheep resulted from a cloning experiment by a group of Scottish scientists in 1997. A fierce debate on human cloning has ever since been going on. This contentious issue has focused on ethical and social implications of the technology: what the technology might do to the very meaning of human reproduction, child rearing, individuality, et cetera. The majority of scientists are adamantly opposed to reproductive cloning and support therapeutic cloning for treating diseases. The reason is that therapeutic cloning does not involve any type of risk to human life and actually provides tremendous potential for the relief of suffering in human beings. Scientists believe that with policies and monitoring in place to ensure that therapeutic cloning is used safely, we can all benefit from this procedure. P248 Comprehension Check 1.d 2.c 3.b 4.d 5.b 6.c P248 Translation 1.时至今日，眼看着新一轮对克隆人全面禁止而非简单 规范的呼声即将再起，我倒想说:“慢一点来。” 2.就像禁止人工流产和婚外性行为一样，禁止克隆人肯定难 以实施。 3.由于是人工生育而被认为缺乏道德，这样的苦境不是会糟 糕得多吗, 4.因此，如果要禁止克隆人，其理由应比任何已经提出的更 为有力才成。 P249 Lanquaqe Practice 1. c1) h2) g3) e4) a5) b6) d7) f8) 2. 1)artificial 2)labeled 3)objections 4)appealed to 5)reinforce 6)by virtue of 7)come to terms with 8)In essence 9)prohibited 10)origin 11)debate 12)arise P253a Part III Supplementary Exercises 2.(develop complications related to diabetes) (from a medical standpoint) (scientific community) (create a firestorm of controversy) (scientific fraud) (an emotional and contentious topic) 3. 1) (The reason is that the majority of reproductive clones in other species are actually abnormal, with very high miscarriage rates, very high stillbirth rates, fetal anomalies, death soon after birth, et cetera.) 2) (On the other hand, therapeutic cloning does involve any type of risk to human life and actually provides tremendous potential for the relief of suffering in real human beings who are going through some awful things.) 3) (In the process of analysis, the embryos were destroyed by necessity. In other words, to get the genetic material from inside the cells to analyze it, you have to destroy the cell.) 4) (We were condemned by the Vatican and mentioned in a negative in President Bush’s State of the Union address.) P254 Test Yourself (Units 5-8) P254 Part II Reading Comprehension 1. A 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.B 6.A 7.D 8.arguments/debates 9.illegal/prohibited 10.discovered/developed P258 Part III Listening Comprehension Section A 11.A 12.D 13.B 14.C 15.D 16.A 17.A 18.B 19.C 20.A 21.C 22.B 23.A 24.D 25.B Section B 26.B 27.A 28.C 29.A 30.A 31.B 32.B 33.A 34.D 35.C Section C (36)expenses (37)solitary (38)search (39)strangers (40)illegal (41)hazardous (42)deserted (43)Lodging (44)Still, the profession has no shortage of takers, appealing to people who don’t want the 9-to-5 office life with a boss looking over their shoulders. (45)Bruce Keller knows about life on the road. He has been selling airplanes for 35 years. (46)The lifestyle that Keller is selling centers on the ease, privacy, and get-up-and-go freedom that comes with an airplane P262 Part IV Reading comprehension Section A (47)A (48)H (49)M (50)O (51)J (52)C (53)E (54)D (55)K (56)G Section B 57.D 58.B 59.A 60.C 61.A 62.B 63.D 64.A 65.B 66.A P265 Part V Cloze 67.B 68.D 69.C 70.B 71.C 72.D 73.A 74.B 75.A 76.C 77.A 78.D 79.A 80.A 81.B 82.B 83.D 84.B 85.C 86.A P267 Test Yourself 答卡 1 (Answer Sheet 1 ) Part I Writing Why People Work Some people think they work because they have to make a living. They dream about a life all play and no work, a life endless vacations and holidays. They look forward eagerly to their retirement, when they can enjoy the fruits of a lifetime’s work without any toiling or sweating. But is it true that money is the only, or the main motivating power that drives us to work? If one takes a look at the people around him, one may have second thoughts. In many well-to-do families, the wife still hangs on to her job. Many retired people take on volunteer work, and even children enjoy the feeling of being helpful by doing what they can. To them at least, work has a different meaning. It satisfies another human need, different yet no less basic. It is the need for human dignity, the need to be respected, the need to know that one is helping to make the world a better place to live in. Deep in our hearts, we all have this desire, though many of us may not be aware of it. Part II Reading Comprehension 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.B 6.A 7.D 8.arguments/debates 9.illegal/prohibited 10. discovered/developed P268 Test Yourself 答题卡 2 (Answer Sheet 2 ) Part III Section A Section B 11.A 12.D 13.B 14.C 15.D 16.A 17.A 18.B 19.C 20.A 21.C 22.B 23.A 24.D 25.B 26.B 27.A 28.C 29.A 30.A 31.B 32.B 33.A 34.D 35.C Part III Section C (36)expenses (37)solitary (38)search(39)strangers (40)illegal (41)hazardous (42)deserted (43)Lodging (44)Still, the profession has no shortage of takers, appealing to people who don’t want the 9-to-5 office life with a boss looking over their shoulders. (45)Bruce Keller knows about life on the road. He has been selling airplanes for 35 years. (46)The lifestyle that Keller is selling centers on the ease, privacy, and get-up-and-go freedom that comes with an airplane. P269 Part IV Section A Section B Part V 47.A 48.H 49.M 50.O 51.J 52.C 53.E 54.D 55.K 56.G 57.D 58.B 59.A 60.C 61.A 62.B 63.D 64.A 65.B 66.A 67.B 68.D 69.C 70.B 71.C 72.D 73.A 74.B 75.A 76.C 77.A 78.D 79.A 80.A 81.D 82.B 83.D 84.B 85.C 86.A Part VI Translation 87.labor saving devices we take for granted today 88.it is only drinking to excess that leads to problems 89.may leave the patient crippled for life 90.results from misconceptions of this new technology 91.I would feel like killing the person who harmed my wife and children