跨文化交际(胡超版)期末试题

PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT#跨文化交际（胡超版）期末试题TestPaperⅠ.Fillingtheblanks:Generallyspeaking,intermsofcontextuality,thecommunicationintheWestislow-contextualwhilethatintheEastishigh-contextualGenerallyspeaking,intermsofworldviews,theWestadoptsDualisticview,whiletheEastadoptsholisticviewGenerallyspeaking,intermsofthoughtpatterns,theWestfollowsAnalyticandabstractthinking,whiletheEastfollowssyntheticandconcretethinkingGenerallyspeaking,intermsofdiscoursepatterns,theWestusesDeductivepattern,whiletheEastusesinductivepattern5IntheAxialAge,thegreatthinkersinChinaareConfucius,LaoTze,MoTze,andthegreatthinkerinIndiaisSiddharthaGautama,thegreatfigureinPalestineareHebrewprophets,andthegreatthinkersintheWestarePlato,HomerandArchimedesⅡ.Choosethebestanswer:1.2.Non-verbalmessagesareclassifiedintotwocomprehensivecategories:thosethatareprimarilyproducedbythebody,suchas,,_andthosethattheindividualcombineswiththesetting,suchas,,.Dphysicalcontact,eyecontact,paralanguage;space,time,manfacialexpression,touch,taste;space,time,silenceappearance,movement,gesture;surrounding,occasion,manmovement,smell,paralanguage;space,time,silenceChinesewriting,thereareusuallymoreadjectives,proverbsandallusionsWesternscholarsnamethisstyle“flowery”fancifulimpressionthaninformation,andbeauty,fragrance,happiness,attractpeople.Wemay-oriented.Westernwritingismoredirectwithobjectiveinformawhile.A.B.C.D.InthereareusuallySomethaninEnglishwriting.statingthatitsaimistogiveamoretheinformationisusuallyof“goodness”aspectssoastoasandanytermthis3.4.Tothem,much-repeatedwordsmaymeanlessafterWesternwritingas-oriented.CA.adjective,objectiveB.Chinese,WesternC.impression,informationC.indirect,directAstothehumannatureorientation,thetraditional,whiletheAsianpeoplebelievethat.BA.basicallygood;basicallybadB.evilbutperfectible,basicallygoodC.themixtureofgoodandevil;themixtureofgoodandevil;D.unknownAstotheMan-Natureorientation,thetraditional,whiletheAsianpeoplebelievethat.DA.subjugationtonature;harmonywithnatureB.harmonywithnature;masteryovernatureWemaytermotherstyleation.theWesternWesternbeliefholdsbeliefholdsthatthattheUS,Britain,mostNorthernEuropeancountries;Arabworld,Mediterraneancountries,IndonesiatheUS,Britain,Japan;EastEuropeancountries,Russia,MiddleEastArabworld,Mediterraneancountries,Indonesia;theUS,Britain,mostNorthernEuropeancountriesArabworld,Mediterraneancountries,China;theUS,Britain,mostNorthernEuropeancountries12.Generallyspeaking,intermsofcontextualityofcommunication,thehigh-contextualpeopleare,whilethelow-contextualcountriesareALatinAmericans,Chinese,Japanese;theAmericans,German,SwisstheAmericans,German,Swiss;LatinAmericans,Chinese,JapaneseNativeAmericans,Chinese,Koreans;theAmericans,Japanese,BritishtheAmericans,Japanese,British;NativeAmericans,Chinese,Koreans13.Eachpersonhasa“bubble”ofspace(territory).Studiesshowthatpeoplefrom,,haveasmallerpersonalterritorythandopeoplefrom,,.ASouthAmerica,Arabcountries,andmanyAsiancountries;NorthAmerica,Britain,GermanyNorthAmerica,Britain,Germany;SouthAmerica,Arabcountries,andmanyAsiancountriesC.SouthAmerica,Britain,Germany;manyAsiancountries.D.NorthAmerica,Britain,Germany14.InindividualthanArabcountries,andNorthmanyAmerica,Arabcountries,andAsiancountries;SouthAmerica,culture,thenucleartheextendedfamily,whileculture,theextendedfamilyisveryimportant.A.Hispanic;American,Asian,Arabian,AfricanB.Arabian;American,Asian,African,HispanicC.American;Asian,African,Arabian,HispanicD.African;American,Asian,Arabian,Hispanic15.Innuclear-familyforhelp,whileinextended-familyforhelp.A.families,friends,professionals;familiesB.families,friends,professionals;institutionsC.friends,professionals,institutions;familiesD.friends,families,institutions;profession16.Innuclear-familyculture,___extended-familyculture,usuallycomesfirst.A.family;individualB.individual;familyC.husband;wifeD.wife;husband17.Whenitcomestofriendship,anAmericanfriendfamilyismuchmoreimportanttothein,,culture,peoplerelymainlyculture,onpeoplerelymainlyonalsusuallycomesfirst,Bwouldfeelthatwhileintheyhadifthefriendgaveuparealneedtostudytogoshopping.One'sdutiesandobligationstowardfriends,evenbestfriendsareunderstoodto;onedoesnotexpectfriendstoassumeburdensome,responsibilitiestowardoneself.AclosefriendintheUSisapersonthatonefeelsfreetoaskforhelp,recognizing,however,thatthefriendmay,iftheygiveyouareason.ThisismaybethatintheWest,peopleprefertobe,sotheydonotfeelcomfortableinarelationshipinwhichonepersonismoreandtheotherisdependentonwhatisbeinggiven.ForWesternersfriendshipismostlyamatterofprovidingsupportand.Bdependedtoomuch;limitless;small;say“OK”;dependent;receiving;material;getseparateimposedtoomuch;havelimits;long-term;say“No”;independent;giving;emotional;spendtimetogether.imposedtoolittle;havelimits;short-term;say“Yes”;free;earning;financial;getinvolveddependedalittle;limitless;big;say“Sorry”;independent;giving;spiritual;gettogether.InChina,thedutiesandobligationsoffriendshipsseemvirtuallyforallpracticalpurposes.ChinesefriendsgiveeachothermuchhelpandassistancethanWesternfriendsdo.Forexample,theygiveeachotherandmighthelpeachotherforaperiodoftime.AfriendinChinaissomeonewho,sensingthatyouareinneedinsomeway,offerstoassistyou__.Cimpossible;morespiritual;things;practically;short;whenbeingaskedenormous;lessspiritual;money;financially;long;unwillinglyunlimited;moreconcrete;money;financially;long;withoutwaitingtobeaskedlimited;moreconcrete;things;materially;certain;ifrequiredIntimesoftrouble,bothAmericanandChinesefriendsgiveeachotheremotionalsupport,buttheydoitdifferently.AChinesefriendismorelikelytobetogiveadvicetoafriend,whileanAmericanfriendwillbetogiveadvice,insteadshemayraisequestionstoencourageherfriendtoconsidercarefullywhatmayhappenifshedoesonethinginsteadofanother.Ccautious;detailed;ready;specificready;ambiguous;cautious;guidelineready;specific;cautious;directunwilling;direct;ready;specificWhenitcomestotherelationshipbetweenparentsandmarriedsons,inChina,aman'srelationshipwithhisparentsisthanthatwithhiswife.Thusintheeventofanyquarrelbetweenhiswifeandhismother,amanshould.Atmosthemighthopeto,andthiswasregardedas.InAmerica,aman'srelationshipwithhisparentsisthanthatwithhiswife.Hewouldbeexpectedto.Hemightevenbecounseledtothevicinityofhisparents'hometoeasetheconflict.DA.moreimportant;sidewithhismother;sidewithhisfather;honorable;moreimportant;sidewithnoone;moveintoB.lessimportant;sidewithnoone;saysomething;honorable;lessimportant;sidewithhisfather;getawayfromlessimportant;sidewithhiswife;remainsilent;dishonorable;moreimportant;sidewithhiswife;moveintomoreimportant;sidewithhismother;remainneutral;dishonorable;lessimportant;sidewithhiswife;moveaway.Trueorfalse:1.2.3.4.5.6.Generally(F)GenerallyAmerica,thepowerdistanceislarge.(F)BoththeAsianandWesterncountrieshavehasthesamesocialsignificanceforthesecountriesfaceofone'sgroup.(F)Thedividingworldviewreliesstronglyon(T)AveryroughgeneralizationisthatfortheHinduistolookinward,forthValuesareexplicitlystoredinourmind.makejudgmentsaccordingtothem.(Fspeaking,Chinaisanequalsociety,Americaisspeaking,inChinesesociety,thepowerdistancetheconceptofinthatonehierarchysociety.issmall,whileinface”,and“face”'sfaceisalsothefacts”asopposedto“opinions”fortheGreekistolookupward,)thinkingeConfuciansistolookoutward.(FWearealwaysawareofthem,andwe)Valuesareseparatefromeachother.Eachoneworkalone.(F)Valuescanbecomparedonacontinuumratherthanoneofonlytwopossiblechoices.Peopleeverywherepossessthesamevaluestodifferentdegrees,andtheimportanceofthatcommonvalue,howitgetsactedout,isamatterofdegree.(T)“Lover”and“爱人”havethesamemeaning.(F)InbothChinaandWesterncountries,itisverycommonandusualforadultstofondleotherpeople'sbabiesandverysmallchildrentoshowtheiraffectionandfriendliness.(F)Ⅳ.Translation:1.TranslatethefollowingEnglishintoChinese:NatureandManareblendedintooneharmoniousidentity.天人合一NatureaffectshumanaffairsandhumanbehaviorfindsresponseinNature.天人感应Natureaccordswithhumanwishes.天从人愿Yourcharacterwillbetinted“red”(good)ifyouareinthecompanyof“redness”,but“black”(bad)ifyouareinclosecontactwithink.近朱者赤，近墨者黑Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.天助自助者轻霜冻死单根草，狂风难毁万木林狗拿耗子，多管闲事Lookbeforeyouleap.三思而后行Asinglearrowiseasilybroken,butnotabunch.Hewhostirsanother'sporridgeoftenburnshisown.8)2.TranslatethefollowingChineseintoEnglish:容忍toleranceofothers中庸之道moderation,followingthemiddleway修养self-cultivation不重竞争non-competitiveness信用trust-worthiness贞节chastityinwomen寡欲havingfewdesires服从、孝敬、尊崇、赡养父母filialpiety