介词用法归纳

介词的用法与练习I.介词的种类1.简单介词，常用的有at,in,on,about,across,before,beside,for,to,without,to,by,with,of,over,behind,up,after,against等。2.复合介词，如onto,alongwith,becauseof,infrontof,insteadof等。3.介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系(1)和动词的搭配，如agreewith,askfor,belongto,keepawayfrom,careabout等。(2)和形容词的搭配，如afraidof,angrywith,differentfrom,goodat(3)和名词的搭配，如answerto,keyto,reasonfor,avisitto等.***介词后常跟人称代词的宾格和动词的ing形式。II.某些介词的意义与用法区别1.at,on,in(时间):at表示时间的一点；in表示一个时期；on表示特殊日子A.at后常接几点几分，天明，中午，日出，日落，开始等。如：atfiveo’clock,atdown,atnoon,atmidnight,atthattime/moment，atthistimeofdayB.in后常接年，月，日期，上午，下午，晚上，白天，季节，世纪等。如：in2006,inMay，2004，inthemorning，intheafternoon，intheevening，inthe21stcentury，inthreedays，inaweek，inspring。**C.on后跟某日，星期几，某日的朝夕，节日等,即具体某一天极其早中、晚.onSunday，onawarmmorninginApril，onaDecembernight，，onChristmasafternoon，onOctober1，1949，onNewYear’sDay.**(特别提示):在last,next,this,that,some,every等词之前一律不用介词2.between,among(表位置)“在⋯..之间”A.between仅用于二者之间，如I’msittingbetweenTomandAlice.B.among用于三者或三者以上之间。如：Heisthebestamongthestudents.3.beside,besides,exceptbeside意为"在⋯旁边"，Hesatbesideme.besides意为"除⋯之外",包括在内。Whatdoyouwantbesidesthis?1except意为"除⋯之外",不包括在内TheygotoworkinaweekexceptSaturday.4.inthetree,onthetreeinthetree,指动物或人等外来的东西在树上，onthetree,指果实或叶子等树本身长出来的东西5.ontheway,bytheway,inthiswayontheway指在路上,onone’swayto.....bytheway指顺便问一句inthisway用这样的方法,inthatway,inotherway,intheseways6.across,through,和past“通过,经过”across从表面经过,如,road,bridge,riverthrough从内部空间经过,如:city,woods,forests,window,gatepast,从旁边经过.EX:Fillintheblankswithpast,acrossorthrough.1.Wehavetowalk____________thegatetogointothefactory.2.Whenwewent__________thecinema,wesawatrafficaccident.3.Lookout___________thewindow,please.4.Don’twalk__________theice.It’sdangerous.5.Suddenly,ayoungmanran__________me.6.Ifyouwalk_________thesquare,youwillseetheSunflowerHotel.7.Therivergoes______________thecity.8.Theoldmancanswim__________thestream.9.Iwalked_________himwithoutsayinghello.10.Thearmymoved_____________theforestsquietly.7.for,since,A.since仅说明什么时候开始，,后常跟一个具体的过去的时间.B.for表示某动作或情况持续多久,后常跟一段时间。Hehasstudiedthepianofor5years..Theyhavelivedheresince1978.EX:Fillintheblankswithfororsince.1.Thelittleboyhasbeenwaiting________twohoursoutside.2.Hehastaughthere________hegraduatedfromthecollege.3.Themanhasworkedinthecompany________twentyyearsago.4.HaveyoulivedinChina_____manyyears?5.Hergrandmahasbeenill_________afewmonths.8.in,after“⋯⋯以后”A.“in+段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后,用在将来时态中.,常回答howsoon的提问.B.“after+段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后,相当于一段时间+laterMymotherwillcomebackinthreeorfourdays.Hearrivedafterfiftyminutes.=Hearrivedfiftyminuteslater.EX:Fillintheblankswithinorafter.1.TheywillleaveforGuangzhou________twohours.22.Myfathersaidthathewouldcomeback_______aweek.3._______threehous,theyarrivedatasmallvillage.4.Willyoubeabletofinishthetask________halfanhour?5.Mr.Wangfinallymasteredhowtoworkthemachine________tendays.9.by,with,in,on表示方式,手段,工具，A.by以⋯⋯方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具,或跟V-ing形式.B.with表示用⋯工具,C.in表示用⋯方式，用⋯语言(语调、颜色)等D.on表示通过媒介,onthetelephone,ontheradio,onTVEg:HelearnedJapanesebylisteningtotheradio.WeChinesehavemealswithchopsticks.ThenoveliswritteninEnglish.Ex:Fillintheblankswithby,withorin,on1.Isentthemessagetohim_________email.2.Thepupilswrite_________pencils.3.Doyouknowthemeaningofword_______Chinese?4.Themanclimbeduptothetree_________aladder.5.Theysolvedtheproblem_________communicating.6.Thewomanwascrying________alowvoice.7.Theoldmanoftengetsnews______theradio..8.Weoftencutthings_________aknife.9.Heimprovedhiswritingskill________keepingdiaries.10.Mygrandpacansingsomesongs_______Russian.10.放在地点之前的介词:at,in,onA.at(1)表示在小地方;(2)表示“在⋯⋯附近，旁边”eg:atthedoor,atthetable,B.in(1)表示在大地方;(2)表示“在⋯范围之内”。C.on表示毗邻，接壤D.to表示在⋯⋯范围外，不强调是否接壤III.介词的其他一些用法.1.against,靠着,反对，违背,对抗.Hewasagainstthelaws.2.as,作为.Englishisusedasamotherlanguage.3.at,在⋯旁边,Theboyissittingatthedoor.4.but,除了.Hehasnothingbutmoney.5.for..,为⋯.,因为⋯.,至于⋯.Hefailedtheexamforhiscarelessness.6.like,象,如同.Helookslikemybestfriend.7.till,until,直到⋯,在⋯以前.Wedidn’tgohometillfiveyesterday.8.with,有，带着。I’dlikesomecoffeewithsugar.9.by,在⋯.附近Theylivebyariver.10.短语介词:thanksto,becauseof,inspiteof,insteadof,passonto,withthehelpof⋯⋯一.选择最佳(表示时间关系的介词).31.TheplanearrivedatLondonairport______Wednesday.A.onB.atC.inD.for2.Whatdoyouusuallydo________Christmas?A.onB.atC.inD.for3.MrsBrownwordedinthewestofAustralia________lastsummer?A./B.onC.inD.since4.Thefirstclassbegins_______8o’clock______themorning.A.at/onB.at/inC.on/inD.on/on5._______thepasttwomonthshehasbeenbusywithhisschoolwork.A.ForB.OnC.SinceD.At6.________lastSaturday,wehadhadtwofootballmatcheswithClassTwo.A.ForB./C.ByD.During7.WewillbeinNanjing_____Tuesday______Thursday.A.on/throughB.on/toC.from/toD.on./till8.MrBlackwillvisitournewschoolbuilding______twodays.A.beforeB.afterC.atD.in9._______theendoflastspringWangHaijoinedthearmy_______theend.A.At/atB.By/inC.In/atD.At/in10.Wewillhaveafootballmatch_____thisSaturdayafternoon..A.onB./C.inD.forth11.Hecametoseeyou_____theeveningofMay10.A.inB.atC.onD.for12.I’mafraidIgaveyoualotoftrouble________mystayhere.A.inB.forC.duringD.on13.Thesinginggroupwillhavetwoperformances______October.A.afterB.sinceC./D.for14.Thesupermarketisopen______midnight.A.atB.onC.tillD./15.Shedidn’tgotowork______thatmorning.Sheslept______noon.A./⋯tillB.on⋯tillC.at⋯atD./⋯at16.Hewasill_____aweek,and_______theweekheatealmostnothing.A.for/atB.for/duringC.during/duringD.for/for17.Daysarelonger______summerthan___________winter.A.in/inB.in/onC.from/toD.to/in18.Childrengetpresents________Christmasand______theirbirthday.Grannyiscomingforlunch________Christmasday.A.at/on/onB.on/on/onC.at/in/atD.in/on/in19.________NewYear’sevepeopleusuallydon’tgotobeduntilmidnight.A.AtB.OnC.ForD.In20.TomandPaulusuallywatchTV______weekends.A.atB.inC.forD./21.Everydaytheoldmantakesthesechildrenhome_____school.A.atB.toC.fromD.after22.Couldyoucometomyoffice________thedayaftertomorrow.A./B.onC.inD.at23.Wehadbuiltthreebridgesovertheriver_______theendof1994.A.atB.onC.forD.byst24.Lifewillbebetter_____the21century.A.atB.onC.forD.in25.Doyouoftenworklate_____night.A.atB.inC.forD.during二.选择最佳答案(表示地点运动方向的介词).1.Ihadanewcard,andIdidn’twrite________.A.onitB.itC.initD.aboveit2.Thereisabridge________theriver.A.underB.overC.onD.next3.Hesaidthathewouldmeetus____thecinema.A.inB.atC.onD.in4.Thereisabookstore________thestreetcorner.A.atB.inC.onD.by5.Fromthetopoftheteachingbuildingwesawthelake________us.A.underB.overC.belowD.above46.Therearemanybeautifulbirds______thetree.A.onB.atC.inD.besides7.Itwaswritten_______page20.A.atB.inC.onD.above8.Myhouseis_____thetwobuildings,sowegetlittlesunshineduringtheday.A.betweenB.amongC.inD.at9.Lucyiswaiting_____No.3busstop________herfather.A.for/forB.for/atC.at/forD.at/at10.Don’ttalksoloud________table.A.byB.onC.atD.beside11.Isthereanythinginteresting________today’snewspaper?A.inB.onC.atD./12.Carsandbusestravel_________theroadtothetown.A.onB.alongC.inD.by13.Canyoutellmewhospoke________themeeting?A.atB.alongC.inD.for14.Myunclelives______208SmithStreet.A.atB.onC.toD.with15.Atlastwereachesthevillage______thehill.A.atthefootofB.atfootC.onfootofD.inthefootfrom16.Shanghaiis_______theeastofChinaandJapanis_______theeastofChina.A.to/toB.to/inC.in/toD.in/in17.________theendofthestreetyoucanfindthepostoffice.A.ByB.AtC.OnD.In18.Doyouoftenlisten________theprogrammes________theradio.A.to/ofB.to/inC.to/onD.on/to19.Pleasewait________theoffice.Don’tcomeinuntilyouarecalled.A.inB.intoC.insideD.outside20.AreyougoingtoleaveGuangzhou__________Beijing?A.forB.toC.fromD.in21.Thewhalehasanose_______thetopofitshead.A.atB.aboveC.overD.on22.Youmustgo_____thebridgeandthenyouwillseethebank_________theleft.A.over/onB.to/byC.to/onD.over/at23.Thereisahole_______thewall.A.inB.atC.forD.towards24.Canyoutellmetheway______ShanghaiZoo?A.toB.atC.forD.towards25.Billkickedtheballtoohard,anditwent________thestreet________oneofMr.Smith’swindows.A.across/onB.through./onC.across/throughD.to/through三.选择最佳答案(注意与一些动词搭配使用的介词)1.Thankyou_______yourcoming.A.toB.ofC.byD.for2.Hespentalongtime______themathsproblem.A.inB.onC.forD.at3.MrLiisgoingtohelphim________hisChinesethisafternoon.A.withB.onC.byD.at4.Howmuchdidyoupay________thisbook?A.forB.atC.onD.with5.Pleasetranslatethesentence______English.A.intoB.toC.atD.for6.Thepriceofthecomputerhasbeenreduced________5%.A.offB.toC.byD.about7.Pleasefillthebottle_______tea.A.byB.withC.forD.in8.Themachinescutbigpiecesofmetal____smallpieces.5A.inB.byC.toD.into9.Billyworkshardatschoolandhisteachersoftenpraisehim________hishardwork.A.withB.atC.onD.for10.Youmustapologize_________herforyourrudeness.A.toB.atC.onD.with11.IgotangryandIthrewastone_______him.A.toB.towardsC.atD.for12.Youcanborrowthebook________yourschoollibrary.A.fromB.toC.forD.at13.Iprefercoffee_______tea.A.overB.toC.forD.than14.Wouldyoushowme________yourfactory?A.toB.inC.atD.round15.Don’tcatchme________thearm.Ihavenothingtodo______thematter.A.by/withB.on/withC.by/onD.on/on16.Helpyourself_______somefish.Ittastesverynice.A.withB.onC.inD.to17.Billmustdeliverthenewspapers________people’shouses_________allkindsofweather.A.to/inB.at/inC.for/forD.to/for18.Theyhaven’tdecided________thedateforthenextmeeting.A.forB.byC.inD.on19.Letmeintroduceher_______you.A.withB.onC.toD.for20.LiLingfell_____hisbicyclethismorningA.onB.downC.offD.to21.Ishouted______her,butshididn’thearme.A.toB.atC.onD.for22.Tomhasmadefriends_____manyChinesestudents.A.withB.toC.byD.among23.Afterschool,Ioftenlearnsinginganddancing_______hobbies.A./B.onC.inD.for24.LIMingfellillthismorning,soheasked_______leave.A.fromB.forC.onD.in25.Isawthemanhittheboy_______theface.A.inB.onC.towardD.by四.选择最佳答案(注意介词的习惯用法)1.MrLi,shallIwrite_____ink?A.byB.ofC.inD.with2.Canyoufindouttheanswer__________thesequestions?A.ofB.forC.toD.with3.__________hishelp,IpassedtheEnglishtestyesterday.A.UnderB.OfC.WithD.by4.Don’tforgettobringyourtextbook______you.A.inBafterC.withD.to5.Thepeoplearewaiting____thebus,andtheyatestanding____line.A.for/onB.for/inC.at/onD.at/in6.Canyousingthissong_____English?A.withB.inC.byD.for7.Whoistheboy_____bluetrousers?A.inB.onC.withD.at8.Hedecidedtogetsomemedicine_______hiscold.A.toB.ofC.onD.for9.Thebaby’ssleeping.Don’tspeak_______suchaloudvoice.A.withB.inC.onD.at10.Theoldwomanoverthereisblind_______botheyes.A.onB.withC.forD.in11.Chinaisalargecountry_______alonghistory.A.forB.inC.byD.with12.Wecan’tliveevenforafewminutes______air.A.inB.withoutC.byD.with613.Thesoldiersarestanding__________arow.A.inB.onC.byD.with14.Shealwaysserveshercustomers_______asmile.A.inB.withC.byD.on15.Don’tread_____thesun.It’sbad_________youreyes.A.under/ofB.in/towardsC.in/forD.under/for16.Howmanystudentsgotoschool_____foot?A.byB.inC.onD.with17.Comehere,andIwanttohaveaword_______you.A.withB.forC.toD.on18._______hisgreatsurprise,theexperimenthasturnedoutasuccess.A.InB.ToC.WithD.At19.Thegirl______darkhairandbrighteyesisLiLi.A.withB.inC.onD.by20.Iheardthesong_______theradio.Ifyouwanttolearnit,youmaywatchtheMTV_______Channel8tonight.A.in;onB.on;onC.on;atD.in;in21.Isawthegreatchanges________myowneyes.A.inB.byC.onD.with22.Youcancookafish______manyways.A.inB.byC.withD.for23.Ilikethecrosstalk________ClassTwobest.A.inB.byC.forD./24.Youcanseetaxis___________differentcoloursandsizesinbigcities.A.ofB.withC.forD./25.Fangfang,hereisaletter______you.It’s________yourbrother.A.from/toB.for/toC.for/fromD.for/for7