制药工程专业英语

制药工程专业英语模拟试卷 Part A Put the following into English (2’): 衍生物污染物代谢物 氨基酸化疗互变异构体 硫醇对称的分馏 重结晶多糖亲和力 Part B Put the following into Chinese (2’): Microorganism aniline in vitro Asymmetric amino acid chronic Antiviral bacteriologist disinfection Intermediate insulin vaccine Part C Translate the English paragraphs into Chinese: (15’ * 2) 1)Be careful when handing chloroform. It’s a toxic solvent, and you should not breathe it excessively or spill it on yourself. When discarding spent tea leaves, do not put them in the sink because they will clog the drain. Dispose of them in a waste container. 2)When tannins are extracted into hot water, the hydrolysable ones are partially hydrolyzed, meaning that free gallic acid is also found in tea. The tannins, by virtue of their phenolic groups, and gallic acid by virtue of it’s carboxyl groups , are both acidic. Part D Cloze (2’) Via solvents appropriate intermediates similar industrial Nevertheless obtained preferred thorough valuable In Table 1 it was already shown that over 75% of all pharmaceutical agents are by total synthesis. Therefore knowledge of the synthetic routes is useful. Understanding also makes it possible to recognize contamination .of the agents by intermediates and by- products. For the reason of effective quality control the registration authorities in many countries demand as essentials for registration a documentation on the production process. Knowledge of drug syntheses provides the R&D chemist with stimulation as well. There are neither structural classes for all pharmaceutically active compounds nor preferred reaction types. This implies that practically the whole field of organic and in part also organometallic chemistry is covered. ,a larger number of starting materials and intermediates are more frequently used,and so it is useful to know the possibilities for their preparation from primary chemicals. For this reason it is somewhere in this book to illustrate a tree of especially important intermediates. These latter are the key compounds used in synthetic processes leading to an enormous number of agents. For the most part chemicals are involved which are produced in large amounts. In a way this is also true for the intermediates based on the aromatic compounds toluene,phenol and chlorobenzene. Further key compounds may be shown in a table which can be useful in tracing cross-relationships in syntheses. In addition to the actual starting materials and intermediates solvents are required both as a reaction medium and ,for purification recrystallization. Frequently used are methanol,ethanol,isopropanol,butanol,acetone,ethyl acetate,benzene,toluene and xylene. To a lesser extent diethyl ether,tetrahydrofuran,glycol ethers,dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) are used in special reactions. 继续阅读