SAE J 标准 版

SURFACEVEHICLEJ3016JAN2014INFORMATIONREPORTIssued2014-01TaxonomyandDefinitionsforTermsRelatedtoOn-RoadMotorVehicleAutomatedDrivingSystemsRATIONALEThisInformationReportprovidesataxonomydescribingthefullrangeoflevelsofautomationinon-roadmotorvehicles.Italsoincludesoperationaldefinitionsforadvancedlevelsofautomationandrelatedterms.Thisdocumentprovidesafoundationforfurtherstandardsdevelopmentactivitiesandacommonlanguagefordiscussionswithinthebroader³$XWRPDWHG$XWRQRPRXV9HKLFOH´FRPPXQLW\1.SCOPEThisInformationReportprovidesataxonomyformotorvehicleautomationranginginlevelfromnoautomationtofullautomation.However,itprovidesdetaileddefinitionsonlyforthehighestthreelevelsofautomationprovidedinthetaxonomy(namely,conditional,highandfullautomation)inthecontextofmotorvehicles(hereafteralsoreferredtoas³vehicle´RU³vehicles´DQGWKHLURSHUDWLRQRQSXEOLFURDGZD\V7KHVHODWWHUOHYHOVRIDGYDQFHGDXWRPDWLRQUHIHUWRFDVHVinwhichthedynamicdrivingtaskisperformedentirelybyanautomateddrivingsystemduringagivendrivingmodeortrip3RSXODUPHGLDDQGOHJLVODWLYHUHIHUHQFHVWR³DXWRQRPRXV´RU³VHOI-GULYLQJ´YHKLFOHVHQFRPSDVVVRPHRUDOORIWKHVHlevelsofautomation.Thesedefinitionscanbeusedtodescribetheautomationof(1)on-roadvehicles,(2)particularV\VWHPVZLWKLQWKRVHYHKLFOHVDQGWKHRSHUDWLRQRIWKRVHYHKLFOHV³2Q-URDG´UHIHUVWRSXEOLFURDGZD\VWKDWcollectivelyserveusersofvehiclesofallclassesandautomationlevels(includingnoautomation),aswellasmotorcyclists,pedalcyclists,andpedestrians.Thisdocumentdoesnotprovidecompletedefinitionsapplicabletolowerlevelsofautomation(namely,noautomation,assisted,orpartialautomation),buttheyaredescribedaspointsofreferencetohelpboundthefullrangeofvehicleautomation.Activesafetyanddriverassistancesystemsthatpartiallyand/ortemporarilyautomatecertainaspectsofvehicleoperation(includingsystemsthatautomaticallyintervenetoavoidand/ormitigateanemergencysituationandthenimmediatelydisengage),butotherwiserelyonahumandrivertooperatethemotorvehicleinrealtime,arealsonotincludedwithintheconditional,high,andfullautomationtaxonomytypesthatarethefocusofthisdocument.2.REFERENCES2.1ApplicableDocumentsThefollowingpublicationsformapartofthisspecificationtotheextentspecifiedherein.Unlessotherwiseindicated,thelatestissueofSAEpublicationsshallapply.TomM.GasserandDanielWesthoff,BASt-study:DefinitionsofAutomationandLegalIssuesinGermany,2012RoadVehicleAutomationWorkshop,TransportationResearchBoard,July25,2012,onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/conferences/2012/Automation/presentations/Gasser.pdfat6.³3UHOLPLQDU\6WDWHPHQWRI3ROLF\&RQFHUQLQJ$XWRPDWHG9HKLFOHV´1DWLRQDO+LJKZD\7UDIILF6DIHW\$GPLQLVWUDWLRQ0D\30,2013,http://www.nhtsa.gov/About+NHTSA/Press+Releases/U.S.+Department+of+Transportation+Releases+Policy+on+Automated+Vehicle+Development__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6$(7HFKQLFDO6WDQGDUGV%RDUG5XOHVSURYLGHWKDW³7KLVUHSRUWLVSXEOLVKHGE\6$(WRDGYDQFHWKHVWDWHRIWHFKQLFDOandengineeringsciences.Theuseofthisreportisentirelyvoluntary,anditsapplicabilityandsuitabilityforanyparticularuse,includinganypatentinfringementarisingtKHUHIURPLVWKHVROHUHVSRQVLELOLW\RIWKHXVHU´SAEreviewseachtechnicalreportatleasteveryfiveyearsatwhichtimeitmayberevised,reaffirmed,stabilized,orcancelled.SAEinvitesyourwrittencommentsandsuggestions.Copyright©2014SAEInternationalAllrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystemortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,orotherwise,withoutthepriorwrittenpermissionofSAE.SAEvaluesyourinput.ToprovidefeedbackTOPLACEADOCUMENTORDER:Tel:--`,,,``,`,`,,,,``,,`,`,,,``,`,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---877-606-7323(insideUSAandCanada)Tel:+1724-776-4970(outsideUSA)onthisTechnicalReport,pleasevisitFax:724-776-0790http://www.sae.org/technical/standards/J3016_201401ProvidedbyIHSEmail:CustomerService@sae.orgLicensee=Boeing/5910770006,User=Lee,JackNoreproductionSAEorWEBnetworkingADDRESS:permittedwithoutlicensefromIHShttp://www.sae.orgNotforResale,08/09/201408:54:31MDTSAEINTERNATIONALJ3016IssuedJAN2014Page2of12BryantWalkerSmith,SAELevelsofAutomaton,http://cyberlaw.stanford.edu/LoDA(December18,2013)49U.S.C.§30102(a)(6)±definitionofmotorvehicle.Michon,J.A.,1985.ACRITICALVIEWOFDRIVERBEHAVIORMODELS:WHATDOWEKNOW,WHATSHOULDWEDO?InL.Evans&R.C.Schwing(Eds.).Humanbehaviorandtrafficsafety(pp.485-520).NewYork:PlenumPress,1985.3.TAXONOMYOFAUTOMATEDDRIVINGTABLE1-SUMMARYOFLEVELSOFDRIVINGAUTOMATIONFORON-ROADVEHICLES6$(¶VOHYHOVRIdrivingautomationaredescriptiveratherthannormativeandtechnicalratherthanlegal.Elementsindicateminimumratherthanmaximumcapabilitiesforeachlevel.Inthistable,"system"referstothedriverassistancesystem,combinationofdriverassistancesystems,orautomateddrivingsystem,asappropriate.ThistablealsoshowsKRZ6$(¶VlevelsdefinitivelycorrespondtothosedevelopedbytheGermanyFederalHighwayResearchInstitute(BASt)andapproximatelycorrespondtothosedescribedbytheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministrationinitsMay30,2013,SDSHUWLWOHG³3UHOLPLQDU\6WDWHPHQWRI3ROLF\&RQFHUQLQJ$XWRPDWHG9HKLFOHV´6HHVHFWLRQEHORZExecutionofFallbackSystemMonitoringofsteeringandperformancecapabilitySAEnameSAEnarrativedefinitiondrivingacceleration/ofdynamic(drivingenvironmentdecelerationdrivingtaskmodes)SAESAElevelBAStlevelNHTSAlevelHumandrivermonitorsthedrivingenvironmentthefull-timeperformancebythehumandriverofallNoDriver0aspectsofthedynamicdrivingtask,evenwhenHumandriverHumandriverHumandrivern/a0Automationonlyenhancedbywarningorinterventionsystemsthedrivingmode-specificexecutionbyadriverassistancesystemofeithersteeringorSomeDriveracceleration/decelerationusinginformationabouttheHumandriver1HumandriverHumandriverdrivingAssisted1Assistancedrivingenvironmentandwiththeexpectationthattheandsystemmodeshumandriverperformallremainingaspectsofthedynamicdrivingtaskthedrivingmode-specificexecutionbyoneormoredriverassistancesystemsofbothsteeringandSomePartialacceleration/decelerationusinginformationaboutthePartially2SystemHumandriverHumandriverdriving2AutomationdrivingenvironmentandwiththeexpectationthattheautomatedmodeshumandriverperformallremainingaspectsofthedynamicdrivingtaskAutomateddrivingsystem³V\VWHP´PRQLWRUVWKHGULYLQJenvironmentthedrivingmode-specificperformancebyanautomateddrivingsystemofallaspectsoftheSomeConditionalHighly3dynamicdrivingtaskwiththeexpectationthattheSystemSystemHumandriverdriving3Automationautomatedhumandriverwillrespondappropriatelytoarequesttomodesintervenethedrivingmode-specificperformancebyanSomeHighautomateddrivingsystemofallaspectsoftheFully4SystemSystemSystemdrivingAutomationdynamicdrivingtask,evenifahumandriverdoesnotautomatedmodesrespondappropriatelytoarequesttointervene3/4thefull-timeperformancebyanautomateddrivingFullsystemofallaspectsofthedynamicdrivingtaskAlldriving5SystemSystemSystemAutomationunderallroadwayandenvironmentalconditionsthatmodescanbemanagedbyahumandriver--`,,,``,`,`,,,,``,,`,`,,,``,`,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---ProvidedbyIHSLicensee=Boeing/5910770006,User=Lee,JackNoreproductionornetworkingpermittedwithoutlicensefromIHSNotforResale,08/09/201408:54:31MDTSAEINTERNATIONALJ3016IssuedJAN2014Page3of12TABLE2-ROLESOFHUMANDRIVERANDSYSTEMBYLEVELOFDRIVINGAUTOMATIONTable2describesthevariouslevelsofdrivingautomation,coveringthefullspectrumfromnoautomationtofullautomation.Thedescriptionsprovidedincolumn2indicatetherole(ifany)ofahumandriverinthedynamicdrivingtask.Thedescriptionsprovidedincolumn3indicatetherole(ifany)oftheautomateddrivingsysteminthedynamicdrivingtask.Theserolesdescribetechnicalcapabilityandnotlegality.AsinTable1,"system"referstothedriverassistancesystem,combinationofdriverassistancesystems,orautomateddrivingsystem,asappropriate.LevelofDrivingRoleofHumanDriverRoleofSystemAutomationHUMANDRIVERMONITORSDRIVINGENVIRONMENTLevel0-NoAutomationxMonitorsdrivingenvironmentxNoactiveautomation(butmayprovidexExecutesthedynamicdrivingtaskwarnings)(steering,accelerating,braking)Level1-DriverAssistancexMonitorsdrivingenvironmentxExecutesportionsofthedynamicdrivingxExecuteseitherlongitudinaltasknotexecutedbythehumandriver(accelerating,braking)orlateral(eitherlongitudinalorlateral)when(steering)dynamicdrivingtaskactivatedxConstantlysupervisesdynamicdrivingxCandeactivateimmediatelywithrequesttaskexecutedbydriverassistanceforimmediatetakeoverbythehumansystemdriverxDetermineswhenactivationor--`,,,``,`,`,,,,``,,`,`,,,``,`,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---deactivationofdriverassistancesystemisappropriate,exceptforsystemsthatautomaticallyinterveneinanemergencyxTakesoverimmediatelywhenrequiredLevel2-PartialxMonitorsdrivingenvironmentxExecuteslongitudinal(accelerating,AutomationxConstantlysupervisesdynamicdrivingbraking)andlateral(steering)dynamictaskexecutedbypartialautomationdrivingtaskwhenactivatedsystemxCandeactivateimmediatelywithrequestxDetermineswhenactivationorforimmediatetakeoverbythehumandeactivationofpartialautomationdriversystemisappropriate,exceptforsystemsthatautomaticallyinterveneinanemergencyxTakesoverimmediatelywhenrequiredProvidedbyIHSLicensee=Boeing/5910770006,User=Lee,JackNoreproductionornetworkingpermittedwithoutlicensefromIHSNotforResale,08/09/201408:54:31MDTSAEINTERNATIONALJ3016IssuedJAN2014Page4of12AUTOMATEDDRIVINGSYSTEMMONITORSDRIVINGENVIRONMENTLevel3-ConditionalxDetermineswhenactivationofxMonitorsdrivingenvironmentwhenAutomationautomateddrivingsystemisactivatedappropriatexPermitsactivationonlyunderconditionsxTakesoveruponrequestwithinlead(usecases)forwhichitwasdesignedtimexExecuteslongitudinal(accelerating,xMayrequestdeactivationofbraking)andlateral(steering)portionsofautomateddrivingsystemthedynamicdrivingtaskwhenactivatedxDeactivatesonlyafterrequestingdrivertakeoverwithasufficientleadtimexMay,undercertain,limitedcircumstances,transitiontominimalriskconditionifhumandriverdoesnottakeoverxMaymomentarilydelaydeactivationwhenimmediatehumantakeovercould--`,,,``,`,`,,,,``,,`,`,,,``,`,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---compromisesafetyLevel4-HighAutomationxDetermineswhenactivationofxMonitorsdrivingenvironmentwhenautomateddrivingsystemisactivatedappropriatexPermitsactivationonlyunderconditionsxTakesoverwithinleadtime,if(usecases)forwhichitwasdesignedrequestedxExecuteslongitudinal(accelerating,xMayrequestdeactivationofbraking)andlateral(steering)portionsofautomateddrivingsystemthedynamicdrivingtaskwhenactivatedxSomeapplicationsinthiscategoryxInitiatesdeactivationwhendesignmaynotentailahumandriver.conditionsarenolongermetxDeactivatesonlyafterhumandrivertakesoverxTransitionstominimalriskconditionifhumandriverdoesnottakeoverxMaymomentarilydelaydeactivationwhenimmediatehumantakeovercouldcompromisesafetyLevel5-FullAutomationxMayactivateautomateddrivingxMonitorsdrivingenvironmentwhensystemactivatedxMayrequestdeactivationofxExecuteslongitudinal(accelerating,automateddrivingsystembraking)andlateral(steering)portionsofxThiscategorymaynotentailahumanthedynamicdrivingtaskwhenactivateddriver.xDeactivatesonlyafterhumandrivertakesoverorvehiclereachesitsdestinationxTransitionstominimalriskconditionasnecessaryiffailureintheautomateddrivingsystemoccursxMaymomentarilydelaydeactivationwhenimmediatehumandrivertakeovercouldcompromisesafetyProvidedbyIHSLicensee=Boeing/5910770006,User=Lee,JackNoreproductionornetworkingpermittedwithoutlicensefromIHSNotforResale,08/09/201408:54:31MDTSAEINTERNATIONALJ3016IssuedJAN2014Page5of12TABLE3-SIMPLIFIEDTOHIGHLIGHTROLESOFHUMANDRIVERSANDAUTOMATEDDRIVINGSYSTEMTable3mirrorsTable2,butfocusesspecificallyontherelativerolesofahumandriverversusthesystem.AsinTables1and2,"system"referstothedriverassistancesystem,combinationofdriverassistancesystems,orautomateddrivingsystem,asappropriate.Thecharacteristicspresentedbelowrepresentminimum,ratherthanmaximumcapabilities,foreachlevelofautomation.Forexample,aparticularconditionalautomateddrivingsystemmightbecapableoftransitioningtoaminimalriskconditioninmanybutnotallsituations.LevelofExecutionofMonitoringofTransitiontimeMinimalriskHumandriverDrivingmodesDrivingsteering/drivingbetweenconditionnecessaryoftheAutomationacceleration/environmenthumandrivercapableatallwhilesystemautomateddecelerationandsystem?times?isengaged?drivingsystemHUMANDRIVERMONITORSDRIVINGENVIRONMENTLevel0-NoHumandriverHumandrivern/an/aYesNoneAutomationLevel1±HumandriverandHumandriverNoNoYesSomeDriverSystemAssistanceLevel2-SystemHumandriverNoNoYesSomePartialAutomationAUTOMATEDDRIVINGSYSTEMMONITORSDRIVINGENVIRONMENTLevel3-SystemSystemYesNoYesSomeConditionalAutomationLevel4-SystemSystemYesYesNoSomeHighAutomationLevel5±SystemSystemYesYesNoAllFullAutomation4.DEFINITIONS4.1AUTOMATEDDRIVINGSYSTEMThehardwareandsoftwarethatiscollectivelycapableofperformingallaspectsofthedynamicdrivingtaskforavehicle(whetherparttimeorfulltime).4.2DRIVETooperateavehicleonapublicorprivateroadwayatanypointatorbetweenanoriginandadestination,whetherornotthevehicleisinmotion.--`,,,``,`,`,,,,``,,`,`,,,``,`,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---4.3DRIVINGMODEAtypeofdrivingscenariowithcharacteristicdynamicdrivingtaskrequirements(e.g.,expresswaymerging,highspeedcruising,lowspeedtrafficjam,etc.).ProvidedbyIHSLicensee=Boeing/5910770006,User=Lee,JackNoreproductionornetworkingpermittedwithoutlicensefromIHSNotforResale,08/09/201408:54:31MDTSAEINTERNATIONALJ3016IssuedJAN2014Page6of124.4DYNAMICDRIVINGTASKAllofthereal-timefunctionsrequiredtooperateavehicleinon-roadtraffic,excludingtheselectionofdestinationsandwaypoints(i.e.,navigationorrouteplanning)andincludingwithoutlimitation:xObjectandeventdetection,recognition,andclassification;xObjectandeventresponse;xManeuverplanning;xSteering,turning,lanekeeping,andlanechanging;xAccelerationanddeceleration;xEnhancingconspicuity(lighting,signalingandgesturing,etc.).4.5HUMANDRIVERThepersonwhodrivesaparticularvehicle,andwho,inavehicleequippedwithanautomateddrivingsystem,exchangesthedynamicdrivingtaskwithsuchasystemasnecessaryduringvehicleoperation.4.6MINIMALRISKCONDITIONAlowriskmotorvehicleoperatingconditiontowhichanautomateddrivingsystemautomaticallyresortsuponeitherasystemfailureorafailureofahumandrivertorespondappropriatelytoarequesttotakeoverthedynamicdrivingtask.NOTE:Aminimalriskconditionwillvaryaccordingtothetypeandextentofagivenfailure.Aminimalriskconditioncouldentailautomaticallybringingthevehicletoastop,preferablyoutsideofanactivelaneoftraffic(assumingavailability).4.7MONITOR--`,,,``,`,`,,,,``,,`,`,,,``,`,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---Theactivitiesand/orautomatedroutinesthataccomplishcomprehensiveobjectandeventdetection,recognition,classification,andresponsepreparation,asneededtocompetentlyperformthedynamicdrivingtask.NOTE:Whendrivingvehiclesthatarenotequippedwithautomateddrivingsystems,humandriversvisuallysampletheroadscenesufficientlytocompetentlyperformthedynamicdrivingtask,whilealsoperformingsecondarytasksthatrequireshortperiodsofeyes-off-roadtime(e.g.,adjustingcabincomfortsettings,scanningroadsigns,tuningaradio,etc.).Thus,monitoringdoesnotentailconstanteyes-on-roadtimebythehumandriver.4.8MOTORVEHICLE(andVEHICLE)Avehicledrivenordrawnbymechanicalpowerandmanufacturedprimarilyforuseonpublicstreets,roads,andhighways,butdoesnotincludeavehicleoperatedonlyonarailline.[Source:49U.S.C.§30102(a)(6)]4.9REQUESTTOINTERVENENotificationbytheautomateddrivingsystemtoahumandriverthats/heshouldpromptlybeginorresumeperformanceofthedynamicdrivingtask.4.10TRIPThetraversalofanentiretravelpathwaybyavehicleIURPWKHPRPHQWLWLVWXUQHG³RQ´DWDSRLQWRIRULJLQWRZKHQLWLVWXUQHG³RII´DWDZD\SRLQWRUGHVWLQDWLRQProvidedbyIHSLicensee=Boeing/5910770006,User=Lee,JackNoreproductionornetworkingpermittedwithoutlicensefromIHSNotforResale,08/09/201408:54:31MDTSAEINTERNATIONALJ3016IssuedJAN2014Page7of125.LEVELSOFDRIVINGAUTOMATION5.1LEVEL0-NOAUTOMATIONThefull-timeperformancebythehumandriverofallaspectsofthedynamicdrivingtask.5.2LEVEL1-DRIVERASSISTANCEThepart-timeordrivingmode-dependentexecutionbyadriverassistancesystemofeithersteeringoracceleration/decelerationwiththeexpectationthatthehumandriverperformsallotheraspectsofthedynamicdrivingtask.5.3LEVEL2-PARTIALAUTOMATIONThepart-timeordrivingmode-dependentexecutionbyoneormoredriverassistancesystemsofbothsteeringandacceleration/decelerationwiththeexpectationthatthehumandriverperformsallotheraspectsofthedynamicdrivingtask.5.4LEVEL3-CONDITIONALAUTOMATIONThepart-timeordrivingmode-dependentperformancebyanautomateddrivingsystemofallaspectsofthedynamicdrivingtaskwiththeexpectationthatthehumandriverwillrespondappropriatelytoarequesttointervene.5.4.1NotesxConditionalautomationrequiresahumandrivertoinitiateanautomateddrivingsystemattheappropriatepointduringatripandrequiresahumandrivertoresumethedynamicdrivingtaskwhens/hereceivesarequesttointervene(e.g.,duetoavehicleorsystemmalfunctionorachangeindrivingconditionsthatexceedtheDXWRPDWHGGULYLQJV\VWHP¶VGULYLQJmode-dependentcapability).xAsatechnicalmatter,ahumandriverneednotmonitortheDXWRPDWHGGULYLQJV\VWHP¶Vperformancewhileitisengaged,butmustbepreparedtoresumethedynamicdrivingtaskwhentheautomateddrivingsystemissuesarequesttointervene.xAconditionalautomateddrivingsystemwillalert(i.e.,byissuingarequesttointervene)thehumandriveroftheneedtoresumethedynamicdrivingtaskwithsufficienttimeforatypicalhumandrivertorespondappropriately.--`,,,``,`,`,,,,``,,`,`,,,``,`,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---x$Q³DSSURSULDWH´UHVSRQVHE\Dhumandrivertoarequesttointervenemayvarydependinguponimmediatecircumstances(e.g.,steering,braking,orsimplymaintainingcurrentinputlevels),butotherwiseentailsthetimely,safeandcorrectperformanceofthedynamicdrivingtaskfortheprevailingcircumstances.5.4.2ExamplesEXAMPLE:Avehicleequippedwithanautomateddrivingsystemcapableofperformingthecompletedynamicdrivingtaskinlow-speedtraffic,suchasinstop-and-gourbanorfreewaytraffic.5.5LEVEL4-HIGHAUTOMATIONThepart-time,drivingmode-dependent,orgeographically-restrictedperformancebyanautomateddrivingsystemofallaspectsofthedynamicdrivingtask,evenifahumandriverfailstorespondappropriatelytoarequesttointervene.ProvidedbyIHSLicensee=Boeing/5910770006,User=Lee,JackNoreproductionornetworkingpermittedwithoutlicensefromIHSNotforResale,08/09/201408:54:31MDTSAEINTERNATIONALJ3016IssuedJAN2014Page8of125.5.1NotesxHighautomationgenerallyrequiresahumandrivertoengageanautomateddrivingsystemattheappropriatepointduringatrip(e.g.,ahumandrivermayactivatetheautomateddrivingsystemduringaspecificdrivingmode,suchasfreewaydriving,forwhichthehighautomateddrivingsystemisdesigned).Examplesofexceptionstothegeneralcase:-Ahighautomationparkingapplicationforwhichahumandriverisnotpresentinthevehicleduringthemaneuver.-Ahighautomationshuttlesystemthatisgeographicallyrestrictedtooperationonaclosedorsemi-closedcampus(e.g.,residentialcommunity,militarybase,etc.)xAsatechnicalmatter,ahumandriverneednotmonitortheDXWRPDWHGGULYLQJV\VWHP¶Vperformancewhileitisengaged,butshouldinthegeneralcasebepreparedtoassumeperformanceofthedynamicdrivingtaskwhentheautomateddrivingsystemissuesarequesttointervene.xAhighautomateddrivingsystemwillalertahumandriverseveralsecondsinadvanceoftheneedtoresumethedynamicdrivingtask(i.e.,byissuingarequesttointervene);however,theautomateddrivingsystemiscapableofrestoringthevehicletoaminimalriskconditionautomaticallyifahumandriverfailstoresumethedynamicdrivingtaskwhenprompted.Thiscapabilitytoautomaticallyrestorethevehicletoaminimalriskconditionistheonlydifferencebetweenhighautomationandconditionalautomation,above.5.5.2ExamplesEXAMPLE1:Avehicleequippedwithanautomateddrivingsystemcapableofperformingthecompletedynamicdrivingtaskduringavaletparkingoperation(i.e.,curb-to-doororviceversa)withoutanyhumanagencyormonitoring.(Note:Thepresenceofahumandriverinthevehicleduringtheparkingmaneuverisnotrequiredasatechnicalmatter.)EXAMPLE2:Avehicleequippedwithanautomateddrivingsystemcapableofperformingthecompletedynamicdrivingtaskduringsustainedoperationonamotorwayorfreeway.(Note:Thepresenceofahumandriverinthevehicleisrequired,asatechnicalmatter,inordertoperformthedynamicdrivingtaskbeforeentering,andafterleaving,themotorwayorfreeway.)EXAMPLE3:Avehicleequippedwithanautomateddrivingsystemcapableofperformingthecompletedynamicdrivingtaskwhil