全球体力活动问卷分析指南

GlobalPhysicalActivityQuestionnaire(GPAQ)AnalysisGuideSurveillanceandPopulation-BasedPreventionPreventionofNoncommunicableDiseasesDepartmentWorldHealthOrganization20AvenueAppia,1211Geneva27,SwitzerlandForfurtherinformation:www.who.int/chp/stepsGPAQAnalysisGuide1GlobalPhysicalActivityQuestionnaire(GPAQ)AnalysisGuideTableofcontents1Overview............................................................................................................................22Thequestionnaire...............................................................................................................43GPAQQuestionbyQuestionGuide....................................................................................64CleaningGPAQdata..........................................................................................................95CleaningGPAQdatawithEpiInfo....................................................................................116AnalysisGuidelinesandCalculations...............................................................................14GPAQAnalysisGuide21OverviewIntroductionTheGlobalPhysicalActivityQuestionnairewasdevelopedbyWHOforphysicalactivitysurveillanceincountries.Itcollectsinformationonphysicalactivityparticipationinthreesettings(ordomains)aswellassedentarybehaviour,comprising16questions(P1-P16).Thedomainsare:•Activityatwork•Traveltoandfromplaces•RecreationalactivitiesUsingGPAQPriortousingGPAQ,youshouldreviewthequestionbyquestionsection.Thissection,whichfollowstheactualquestions,willguidetheinterviewerinaskingthequestionsandrecordingresponses.WhenusingGPAQ,allthequestionsmustbeasked.SkipsofquestionsdoONLYapplytothecorrespondingdayandtimevariablesifP1,P4,P7,P10,orP13havebeenanswerednegatively.Skippinganyotherquestionsorremovinganyofthedomainswillrestricttheresultsthatyouwillbeabletocalculate.AdministrationoftheGPAQTheGPAQhasbeendevelopedforface-to-faceinterviewsconductedbytrainedinterviewers.Ithadbeentestedinlargescalepopulation-basedsurveyswiththegeneraladultpopulation.ShowcardsItisadvisedthatshowcardsbeusedwhentheGPAQisadministered.ShowcardsshouldbedevelopedforeachoftheactivitytypescoveredbytheGPAQ:vigorousandmoderateactivityatwork,transportactivity,vigorousandmoderateactivityduringleisuretime,aswellassitting.Showcardswillhelptherespondentstoknowwhatactivitiesaremeantbyeachquestion.TheyshouldbeshowingtypicalphysicalactivitiesforthesettingthattheGPAQisusedin.ExamplesofgenericshowcardsthatwillneedtobeadaptedtothelocalcontextcanbefoundontheGPAQwebsite:http://www.who.int/chp/steps/GPAQ/en/index.htmlGPAQversion1and2Thisdocumentprovidesinformationonversion2ofGPAQ.Itisadvisedthatyouuseversion2ofGPAQ.IfyouhavealreadyusedGPAQversion1andneedadviseonanalysingthisinformation,pleasecontacttheSTEPSteamatsteps@who.int.CalculatingandcleaningphysicalactivitydataThisdocumentincludesinformationonhowtocleanandanalyseGPAQdataingeneralaswellasspecificallywiththestatisticalpackageEpiInfo.ThecodingcolumnofGPAQisusedasareferenceforallthecalculations.Ifyouinsertthisquestionnaireintoanotherquestionnaire,youshouldnotchangethecodingcolumn.ContinuedonnextpageGPAQAnalysisGuide31Overview,ContinuedMetabolicEquivalent(MET)METs(MetabolicEquivalents)arecommonlyusedtoexpresstheintensityofphysicalactivities,andarealsousedfortheanalysisofGPAQdata.METistheratioofaperson'sworkingmetabolicraterelativetotherestingmetabolicrate.OneMETisdefinedastheenergycostofsittingquietly,andisequivalenttoacaloricconsumptionof1kcal/kg/hour.FortheanalysisofGPAQdata,existingguidelineshavebeenadopted:Itisestimatedthat,comparedtosittingquietly,aperson'scaloricconsumptionisfourtimesashighwhenbeingmoderatelyactive,andeighttimesashighwhenbeingvigorouslyactive.Therefore,whencalculatingaperson'soverallenergyexpenditureusingGPAQdata,4METsgetassignedtothetimespentinmoderateactivities,and8METstothetimespentinvigorousactivities.GPAQAnalysisGuide42ThequestionnairePhysicalActivityNextIamgoingtoaskyouaboutthetimeyouspenddoingdifferenttypesofphysicalactivityinatypicalweek.Pleaseanswerthesequestionsevenifyoudonotconsideryourselftobeaphysicallyactiveperson.Thinkfirstaboutthetimeyouspenddoingwork.Thinkofworkasthethingsthatyouhavetodosuchaspaidorunpaidwork,study/training,householdchores,harvestingfood/crops,fishingorhuntingforfood,seekingemployment.[Insertotherexamplesifneeded].Inansweringthefollowingquestions'vigorous-intensityactivities'areactivitiesthatrequirehardphysicaleffortandcauselargeincreasesinbreathingorheartrate,'moderate-intensityactivities'areactivitiesthatrequiremoderatephysicaleffortandcausesmallincreasesinbreathingorheartrate.QuestionResponseCodeWorkDoesyourworkinvolvevigorous-intensityactivitythatcauseslargeincreasesinbreathingorheartratelike[carryingorliftingheavyloads,diggingorconstructionwork]foratleast10minutescontinuously?[INSERTEXAMPLES](USESHOWCARD)Yes1P1No2IfNo,gotoP4Inatypicalweek,onhowmanydaysdoyoudovigorous-intensityactivitiesaspartofyourwork?Numberofdays└─┘P2Howmuchtimedoyouspenddoingvigorous-intensityactivitiesatworkonatypicalday?Hours:minutes└─┴─┘:└─┴─┘hrsminsP3(a-b)Doesyourworkinvolvemoderate-intensityactivity,thatcausessmallincreasesinbreathingorheartratesuchasbriskwalking[orcarryinglightloads]foratleast10minutescontinuously?[INSERTEXAMPLES](USESHOWCARD)Yes1P4No2IfNo,gotoP7Inatypicalweek,onhowmanydaysdoyoudomoderate-intensityactivitiesaspartofyourwork?Numberofdays└─┘P5Howmuchtimedoyouspenddoingmoderate-intensityactivitiesatworkonatypicalday?Hours:minutes└─┴─┘:└─┴─┘hrsminsP6(a-b)TraveltoandfromplacesThenextquestionsexcludethephysicalactivitiesatworkthatyouhavealreadymentioned.NowIwouldliketoaskyouabouttheusualwayyoutraveltoandfromplaces.Forexampletowork,forshopping,tomarket,toplaceofworship.[Insertotherexamplesifneeded]Doyouwalkoruseabicycle(pedalcycle)foratleast10minutescontinuouslytogettoandfromplaces?Yes1P7No2IfNo,gotoP10Inatypicalweek,onhowmanydaysdoyouwalkorbicycleforatleast10minutescontinuouslytogettoandfromplaces?Numberofdays└─┘P8Howmuchtimedoyouspendwalkingorbicyclingfortravelonatypicalday?Hours:minutes└─┴─┘:└─┴─┘hrsminsP9(a-b)ContinuedonnextpageGPAQAnalysisGuide52Thequestionnaire,ContinuedPhysicalActivity,ContinuedQuestionResponseCodeRecreationalactivitiesThenextquestionsexcludetheworkandtransportactivitiesthatyouhavealreadymentioned.NowIwouldliketoaskyouaboutsports,fitnessandrecreationalactivities(leisure),[Insertrelevantterms].Doyoudoanyvigorous-intensitysports,fitnessorrecreational(leisure)activitiesthatcauselargeincreasesinbreathingorheartratelike[runningorfootball]foratleast10minutescontinuously?[INSERTEXAMPLES](USESHOWCARD)Yes1P10No2IfNo,gotoP13Inatypicalweek,onhowmanydaysdoyoudovigorous-intensitysports,fitnessorrecreational(leisure)activities?Numberofdays└─┘P11Howmuchtimedoyouspenddoingvigorous-intensitysports,fitnessorrecreationalactivitiesonatypicalday?Hours:minutes└─┴─┘:└─┴─┘hrsminsP12(a-b)Doyoudoanymoderate-intensitysports,fitnessorrecreational(leisure)activitiesthatcauseasmallincreaseinbreathingorheartratesuchasbriskwalking,[cycling,swimming,volleyball]foratleast10minutescontinuously?[INSERTEXAMPLES](USESHOWCARD)Yes1P13No2IfNo,gotoP16Inatypicalweek,onhowmanydaysdoyoudomoderate-intensitysports,fitnessorrecreational(leisure)activities?Numberofdays└─┘P14Howmuchtimedoyouspenddoingmoderate-intensitysports,fitnessorrecreational(leisure)activitiesonatypicalday?Hours:minutes└─┴─┘:└─┴─┘hrsminsP15(a-b)SedentarybehaviourThefollowingquestionisaboutsittingorrecliningatwork,athome,gettingtoandfromplaces,orwithfriendsincludingtimespentsittingatadesk,sittingwithfriends,travelingincar,bus,train,reading,playingcardsorwatchingtelevision,butdonotincludetimespentsleeping.[INSERTEXAMPLES](USESHOWCARD)Howmuchtimedoyouusuallyspendsittingorrecliningonatypicalday?Hours:minutes└─┴─┘:└─┴─┘hrsminsP16(a-b)GPAQAnalysisGuide63GPAQQuestionbyQuestionGuidePhysicalActivityNextIamgoingtoaskyouaboutthetimeyouspenddoingdifferenttypesofphysicalactivityinatypicalweek.Pleaseanswerthesequestionsevenifyoudonotconsideryourselftobeaphysicallyactiveperson.Thinkfirstaboutthetimeyouspenddoingwork.Thinkofworkasthethingsthatyouhavetodosuchaspaidorunpaidwork,study/training,householdchores,harvestingfood/crops,fishingorhuntingforfood,seekingemployment.[Insertotherexamplesifneeded].Inansweringthefollowingquestions'vigorous-intensityactivities'areactivitiesthatrequirehardphysicaleffortandcauselargeincreasesinbreathingorheartrate,'moderate-intensityactivities'areactivitiesthatrequiremoderatephysicaleffortandcausesmallincreasesinbreathingorheartrate.Readthisopeningstatementoutloud.Itshouldnotbeomitted.Therespondentwillhavetothinkfirstaboutthetimehe/shespendsdoingwork(paidorunpaidwork,householdchores,harvestingfood,fishingorhuntingforfood,seekingemployment[Insertotherexamplesifneeded]),thenaboutthetimehe/shetravelsfromplacetoplace,andfinallyaboutthetimespentinvigorousaswellasmoderatephysicalactivityduringleisuretime.Remindtherespondentwhenhe/sheanswersthefollowingquestionsthat'vigorous-intensityactivities'areactivitiesthatrequirehardphysicaleffortandcauselargeincreasesinbreathingorheartrate,'moderate-intensityactivities'areactivitiesthatrequiremoderatephysicaleffortandcausesmallincreasesinbreathingorheartrate.Don'tforgettousetheshowcardwhichwillhelptherespondentwhenansweringtothequestions.QuestionResponseCodeWorkDoesyourworkinvolvevigorous-intensityactivitythatcauseslargeincreasesinbreathingorheartratelike[carryingorliftingheavyloads,diggingorconstructionwork]foratleast10minutescontinuously?[INSERTEXAMPLES](USESHOWCARD)Asktheparticipanttothinkaboutvigorous-intensityactivitiesatworkonly.Activitiesareregardedasvigorousintensityiftheycauselargeincreasesinbreathingand/orheartrate.Yes1P1No2IfNo,gotoP4Inatypicalweek,onhowmanydaysdoyoudovigorous-intensityactivitiesaspartofyourwork?“Typicalweek”meansaweekwhentheparticipantisengagedinhis/herusualactivities.Validresponsesrangefrom1-7.Numberofdays└─┘P2Howmuchtimedoyouspenddoingvigorous-intensityactivitiesatworkonatypicalday?Asktheparticipanttothinkofatypicaldayhe/shecanrecalleasilyinwhichhe/sheengagedinvigorous-intensityactivitiesatwork.Theparticipantshouldonlyconsiderthoseactivitiesundertakencontinuouslyfor10minutesormore.Probeveryhighresponses(over4hrs)toverify.Hours:minutes└─┴─┘:└─┴─┘hrsminsP3(a-b)Doesyourworkinvolvemoderate-intensityactivity,thatcausessmallincreasesinbreathingorheartratesuchasbriskwalking[orcarryinglightloads]foratleast10minutescontinuously?[INSERTEXAMPLES](USESHOWCARD)Asktheparticipanttothinkaboutmoderate-intensityactivitiesatworkonly.Activitiesareregardedasmoderateintensityiftheycausesmallincreasesinbreathingand/orheartrate.Yes1P4No2IfNo,gotoP7Inatypicalweek,onhowmanydaysdoyoudomoderate-intensityactivitiesaspartofyourwork?“Typicalweek”meansaweekwhentheparticipantisengagedinhis/herusualactivities.Validresponsesrangefrom1-7.Numberofdays└─┘P5Howmuchtimedoyouspenddoingmoderate-intensityactivitiesatworkonatypicalday?Asktheparticipanttothinkofatypicaldayhe/shecanrecalleasilyinwhichhe/sheengagedinmoderate-intensityactivitiesatwork.Theparticipantshouldonlyconsiderthoseactivitiesundertakencontinuouslyfor10minutesormore.Probeveryhighresponses(over4hrs)toverify.Hours:minutes└─┴─┘:└─┴─┘hrsminsP6(a-b)ContinuedonnextpageGPAQAnalysisGuide73GPAQQuestionbyQuestionGuide,ContinuedPhysicalActivity,ContinuedQuestionResponseCodeTraveltoandfromplacesThenextquestionsexcludethephysicalactivitiesatworkthatyouhavealreadymentioned.NowIwouldliketoaskyouabouttheusualwayyoutraveltoandfromplaces.Forexampletowork,forshopping,tomarket,toplaceofworship.[Insertotherexamplesifneeded]Theintroductorystatementtothefollowingquestionsontransport-relatedphysicalactivityisveryimportant.Itasksandhelpstheparticipanttonowthinkabouthowtheytravelaroundgettingfromplace-to-place.Thisstatementshouldnotbeomitted.Doyouwalkoruseabicycle(pedalcycle)foratleast10minutescontinuouslytogettoandfromplaces?Selecttheappropriateresponse.Yes1P7No2IfNo,gotoP10Howmuchtimedoyouspendwalkingorbicyclingfortravelonatypicalday?Asktheparticipanttothinkofatypicaldayhe/shecanrecalleasilyinwhichhe/sheengagedintransport-relatedactivities.Theparticipantshouldonlyconsiderthoseactivitiesundertakencontinuouslyfor10minutesormore.Probeveryhighresponses(over4hrs)toverify.Hours:minutes└─┴─┘:└─┴─┘hrsminsP9(a-b)RecreationalactivitiesThenextquestionsexcludetheworkandtransportactivitiesthatyouhavealreadymentioned.NowIwouldliketoaskyouaboutsports,fitnessandrecreationalactivities(leisure)[Insertrelevantterms].Thisintroductorystatementdirectstheparticipanttothinkaboutrecreationalactivities.Thiscanalsobecalleddiscretionaryorleisuretime.Itincludessportsandexercisebutisnotlimitedtoparticipationincompetitions.Activitiesreportedshouldbedoneregularlyandnotjustoccasionally.Itisimportanttofocusononlyrecreationalactivitiesandnottoincludeanyactivitiesalreadymentioned.Thisstatementshouldnotbeomitted.Doyoudoanyvigorous-intensitysports,fitnessorrecreational(leisure)activitiesthatcauselargeincreasesinbreathingorheartratelike[runningorfootball]foratleast10minutescontinuously?[INSERTEXAMPLES](USESHOWCARD)Asktheparticipanttothinkaboutrecreationalvigorous-intensityactivitiesonly.Activitiesareregardedasvigorousintensityiftheycauselargeincreasesinbreathingand/orheartrate.Yes1P10No2IfNo,gotoP13Inatypicalweek,onhowmanydaysdoyoudovigorous-intensitysports,fitnessorrecreational(leisure)activities?“Typicalweek”meansaweekwhentheparticipantisengagedinhis/herusualactivities.Validresponsesrangefrom1-7.Numberofdays└─┘P11Howmuchtimedoyouspenddoingvigorous-intensitysports,fitnessorrecreationalactivitiesonatypicalday?Asktheparticipanttothinkofatypicaldayhe/shecanrecalleasilyinwhichhe/sheengagedinrecreationalvigorous-intensityactivities.Theparticipantshouldonlyconsiderthoseactivitiesundertakencontinuouslyfor10minutesormore.Probeveryhighresponses(over4hrs)toverify.Hours:minutes└─┴─┘:└─┴─┘hrsminsP12(a-b)Doyoudoanymoderate-intensitysports,fitnessorrecreational(leisure)activitiesthatcauseasmallincreaseinbreathingorheartratesuchasbriskwalking,[cycling,swimming,volleyball]foratleast10minutescontinuously?[INSERTEXAMPLES](USESHOWCARD)Asktheparticipanttothinkaboutrecreationalmoderate-intensityactivitiesonly.Activitiesareregardedasmoderateintensityiftheycausesmallincreasesinbreathingand/orheartrate.Yes1P13No2IfNo,gotoP16Inatypicalweek,onhowmanydaysdoyoudomoderate-intensitysports,fitnessorrecreational(leisure)activities?“Typicalweek”meansaweekwhentheparticipantisengagedinhis/herusualactivities.Validresponsesrangefrom1-7.Numberofdays└─┘P14ContinuedonnextpageGPAQAnalysisGuide83GPAQQuestionbyQuestionGuide,ContinuedPhysicalActivity,ContinuedQuestionResponseCodeHowmuchtimedoyouspenddoingmoderate-intensitysports,fitnessorrecreational(leisure)activitiesonatypicalday?Asktheparticipanttothinkofatypicaldayhe/shecanrecalleasilyinwhichhe/sheengagedinrecreationalmoderate-intensityactivities.Theparticipantshouldonlyconsiderthoseactivitiesundertakencontinuouslyfor10minutesormore.Probeveryhighresponses(over4hrs)toverify.Hours:minutes└─┴─┘:└─┴─┘hrsminsP15(a-b)SedentarybehaviourThefollowingquestionisaboutsittingorrecliningatwork,athome,gettingtoandfromplaces,orwithfriendsincludingtimespentsittingatadesk,sittingwithfriends,travelingincar,bus,train,reading,playingcardsorwatchingtelevision,butdonotincludetimespentsleeping.[INSERTEXAMPLES](USESHOWCARD)Howmuchtimedoyouusuallyspendsittingorrecliningonatypicalday?Asktheparticipanttoconsidertotaltimespentsittingatwork,inanoffice,reading,watchingtelevision,usingacomputer,doinghandcraftlikeknitting,restingetc.Theparticipantshouldnotincludetimespentsleeping.Hours:minutes└─┴─┘:└─┴─┘hrsminsP16(a-b)GPAQAnalysisGuide94CleaningGPAQdataIntroductionItisimportanttostandardizethewayinwhichthedatacollectedarecleanedandanalysed.Pleaseusetheguidelinesbelowwhencleaningandanalysingyourdata.Thecleaningandanalysisguidelinesusethecodingcolumninthequestionnaireasanidentifier.CleaningYoushouldcleanalldomainsasacombinedset.Whilesomeofthecalculationsofresultsuseallthedomainsandothersuseonlyoneofthedomains,itisnecessarythateachrespondenthasanoverall"clean"responsetoallphysicalactivityquestions.Tobeincludedintheanalyses,eachparticipantmusthaveavalidresponseforatleastonedomainandhavenoinvalidresponsesforanydomains.Checkforthefollowingforallthedomains.If…Then…Valuesinthehourscolumnare15,30,45,or60movethemintothecorrespondingminutesvariable,ifthecorrespondingminutesvariableisemptyorzero(mostlikelyadatarecordingerror).Maximumvalues:Ifforatleastone"sub-domain"(vigorouswork,moderatework,transport,vigorousrecreation,ormoderaterecreationactivity)thevalueofhours+minutes>16hoursremovethecasefromallanalyses.Ifarespondentreportsimplausiblevalues(eg.,>7daysinanydayscolumn)removethecasefromallanalyses.Ifarespondenthasinconsistentanswers(eg.,0days,butvalues>0inthecorrespondingtimevariables)removethecasefromallanalyses.Ifonewhole"sub-domain"(vigorouswork,moderatework,transport,vigorousrecreation,ormoderaterecreationactivity)hasmissingvalues,buttheother"sub-domains"arevalidincludethecaseintheanalysis,assumingnoactivity(0days,0time)forthis"sub-domain".Thatmeansthat,aslongasatleastone"sub-domain"hasvalidanswers,andallothersaremissing,thispersonwillbeincludedinanalyses.NotesOverall,thiscleaningmethodshouldresultinthesamedenominatoracrossalldomainsandallanalyses.ForinformationonhowtocreateP3,P6,P9,P12,andP15seetheCleaningGPAQwithEpiInfosectionattheendofthisdocument(p.12).ContinuedonnextpageGPAQAnalysisGuide104CleaningGPAQdata,ContinuedDetailedcleaninginstructionsTherearedetailedcleaninginstructionsonhowtocleaneachvariableintheCleaningGPAQwithEpiInfosectionofthisdocument(p.11).ThissectionincludesdetailsonhowtocleanthevariablesandtheassociatedEpiInfocode.GPAQAnalysisGuide115CleaningGPAQdatawithEpiInfoIntroductionGPAQcollectsinformationonthreedomains.Thesedomainsare:•Activityatwork•Traveltoandfromplaces•Recreationalactivities.Foranalysispurposesthesedomainscanbefurtherbrokendownintosixdifferent"sub-domains".These"sub-domains"are:•Vigorouswork(codesP1-P3)•Moderatework(codesP4-P6)•Travel(codesP7-P9)•Vigorousrecreation(codesP10-P12)•Moderaterecreation(codesP13-P15)•Sitting(codeP16)GroupingtheGPAQsectionsTheGPAQdataarecleanedasawhole.Thusisaparticipantgaveaninvalidanswertoanydomain,thentheirentireresponseisnotincludedinanyanalyses.However,aparticipantneedsonlytogiveavalidresponsetoaminimumofonedomain,leavingtheremainingdomainsblank,tobeincludedintheanalyses.CleaningProgramsA"CleanRecode"programexistsforeachsubsetofphysicalactivityquestions.Theseare:CleanRecodeP1-P3,CleanRecodeP4-P6,CleanRecodeP7-P9,CleanRecodeP10-P12,CleanRecodeP13-P15,andCleanRecodeP16.Thefirst5oftheseprogramsareidenticalwiththeonlyexceptionbeingthatthequestioncodesarechanged.Allprogramscanbedownloadedfromhttp://www.who.int/chp/steps/resources/database/en/index.htmlbyclickingon"EpiInfoAnalysisPrograms".CleanRecodeP1-P3isdescribedinthefollowingtable.ThissamedescriptionappliestoCleanRecodeP4-P6,CleanRecodeP7-P9,CleanRecodeP10-P12,andCleanRecodeP13-P15.SincetheprogramCleanRecodeP16differsfromtheother5CleanRecodeprograms,itsdescriptionisprovidedinthesecondtablebelow.ContinuedonnextpageGPAQAnalysisGuide125CleaningGPAQdatawithEpiInfo,ContinuedCleanRecodeP1-P3QuestionsUsedP1,P2,P3a,P3bGeneralInformationBeforecheckingforvalidresponsestoP1throughP3a&b,P3aandP3barecheckedforpossibledataentryerrors(i.e.minutesenteredwherehoursareexpected).Tohavea"clean"response,respondentsmusthaveansweredall3questionscorrectlyandconsistently(P1t3CLN=1).ModifiedVariablesBeforeanynewvariablesarecreated,P3aandP3baremodifiedusingthefollowinglogicaltests.Tosummarize,theseteststrytocorrectobviousdataentryerrorswhereminutevaluesof15,30,45,or60wereenteredashourvaluesinP3a.Thesechangesareonlysavedtothetemporarydatasetusedforanalysis,theactualdatasetisleftunchanged.ConditionNewP3aValueNewP3bValueP3a=15AND(P3b=(.)ORP3b=0ORP3b=15ORP3b=77ORP3b=88ORP3b=9