新视野大学英语第三读写教程第二册Unit8课后题

Unit8–SectionALanguageFocus–WordsinUseThemaintaskforthetroopthereisnotfightingbut(arresting)theprogressoftheenemyarmyandwaitingforreinforcements(援兵).Healwaysanxiouslysummarizestheconcessionswhichhehasmadebuthealmostalways(omits)tomentionthoseofferedbytheotherparty.Shewasanexcellentteacher,whose(optional)coursesonwomen'swritingwereverypopularamongthestudents.Itwillbeuptothedoctor'sjudgmentwhetherornottheorgancanbesuccessfully(transplanted)tothechildwhohasbeenwaitingforit.Teacherscannolongerusetheirpastexperiencestopreparestudentsfortheirfuturecareer;(hence),ouryoungpeopleneedtorelyonthemselves.Accurateandinaccurateinformationismixedsonaturallythattherearenoreliablewaystotellwhathasbeen(twisted)andwhathasnot.Thatwealthylady'sdemandonapremaritalagreementgreatly(stung)herfuturehusband'spride,anditendedupwithhisrefusaltogetmarried.WhenIopenedthealbum,Icarefullyexaminedeveryphotographin(minute)detailbywearingmyreadingglassessoasnottomissanything.ItseemsthatJameshasatalentforactingbecausehecan(imitate)differentteachers'speechesperfectly,whichreallyamazeshisclassmates.Smokingiscomparedtoself-poisoningandself-destroying,thusmakingthe(evil)effectsofsmokingcigarettestrulyalarming.WordBuildinginterferethrillscarcelyspecificallyconsumedeceiveinvadeproceedinterferencethrillerscarcespecificconsumption/consumerdeceptioninvasion/invaderprocessionMultinationalcorporationsprotestedstronglyagainstanyunreasonable(interference)bysomecountriesinthefreemarketplace.Atthetimearealthreatofa(n)(invasion)oftheBritishIslesexisted,sotheBritishtroopsweregatheredaroundthecoastlinetogetreadytofightagainstaninvadingfleet.(Consumption)isrelativelylow,anditshowsthattheeconomicprobleminthecountrystemsfromthedangeroussideeffectsofcarelesspoliticsandwidespreadpoverty.Thewedding(procession)wasofanenormoussizeandenormoussplendor,whichwasstartedhomewardandfollowedbyalargebanquetataluxuryhotel.WhendoingwritingexercisesforthatEnglishcourse,studentsshouldrememberthattheyarewritingaccordingto(specific)structures.Amongclosefamilyandgoodfriends,(deception)istheworstpartoflife,andwebelieveinpracticinggoodfaithandhonesty.Jobsare(scarce)atthemoment,soyoushouldberealisticinyourchoicesaboutthepay,workinghours,medicalbenefits,bonuses,etc.Thewriterwasthinkingaboutwritingsomekindof(thrillers)becauseitwouldhelphimbecomepopularthroughmakinghisplotmoreattractivetotheyoung.BankedClozeTheanimalrightsmovementisasocialmovementwhichseeksanendtousinganimalsintheresearch,food,clothing,andentertainmentindustries,(1)(hence)beingcalledanimalliberation.Itadvocatestheideathatthemostbasicinterestsofnon-humancreaturesshouldbe(2)(afforded)thesameconsiderationasthoseofhumanbeings.Advocates(3)(lobby)foranimalrightsfromdifferentaspects,rangingfromthefocusonanimalsufferinginlaboratoriestotheargumentthat(4)(insists)onnotcastinganimalsaspropertiesofhumanbeings.Despitethedifferentapproaches,advocatesbroadly(5)(consent)totheopinionthatanimalsshouldbeviewedasnon-humanmembersofthemoralcommunityandshouldbe(6)(omitted)frombeingfood,clothing,entertainment,orresearchsubjects.Theideaof(7)(awarding)rightstoanimalswinsthesupportofseveralprominentscholars.However,somecriticsarguethatanimalsareunabletoenterintoasocialcontractormoral(8)(compass)andforthatreasoncannotbegrantedrights.Onlyhumanshavedutiesand,therefore,onlyhumanshaverights.Thereisnothingwrongor(9)(evil)aboutusinganimalsasresourcessolongasthereisnounnecessarysuffering.Fromwithintheanimalrightsmovementitself,therehasalsobeen(10)(criticism)ofcertainformsofanimalrightsactivism,inparticularthedestructionoffurfarmsandanimallaboratories.LanguageFocus–ExpressionsinUse1.Somepeoplehave(persistedin)atraditionalviewthatlanguagelearningisessentiallythesameasthelearningofgrammarorlanguagerules.Regularreviewoftheteachingmaterialinschoolensuresthatthecoursesprovided(haverelevanceto)theworkplaceandwhatstudentswilldointhefuture.Jobopportunitiesareexpandingrapidly,andmoreandmorepeopleare(becomingawareof)onlinechancesthatallowthemtoworkathome.Theyhaveputoldwomeninnursing"homes",(isolatedfrom)humanwarmthandcontact,andthencomplainedthattheyhadlosttheirmentalabilities.Someorganizationsareexploitinglocalpeople(inthenameof)scientificresearch:Theyarecollectinggeneticmaterialforcommercialpurposes.Daycarecentersfortheelderly(makeacontribution)tooverallpublicservice;theydidalottomakethelifeoftheoldactive,valuableandmeaningful.Thepolicemanhas(beenoccupiedwith)extraduties,sohewouldnothavethetimeeitherforansweringquestionsorbeinginterviewed.Whatthechairmansaiddidnot(tipthescales)muchtohisadvantage;hisstatementcanbeonlyconsideredasaslimchanceforgainingapproval.Translation英译汉TheWorldWideFundforNature(WWF)isaninternationalnon-governmentalorganizationworkingonissuesregardingtheconservation,researchandrestorationoftheenvironment.TheorganizationwasoriginallynamedtheWorldWildlifeFundin1961.In1986,itchangeditsnametoWorldWideFundforNaturetobetterreflectthescopeofitsactivities.Withoverfivemillionsupportersworldwide,itistheworld'slargestindependentconservationorganization,workinginmorethan100countriesandsupportingabout1,300conservationandenvironmentalprojects.Itsmissionistostopdestroyingtheplanet'snaturalenvironmentandtobuildafutureinwhichhumansliveinharmonywithnature.Currently,muchofitsworkfocusesontheconservationofoceansandcoasts,forests,andfreshwater.Amongotherissues,itisalsoconcernedwithendangeredspecies,pollutionandclimatechange.Theynowneed,aboveall,moneytocarryoutitsmissionsandhandleconservationemergencies.世界自然基金会（WWF）是一个致力于相关保护、研究和修复环境议的国际性非政府组织。该组织最先于1961年被命名为世界野生动物基金会。1986年，它更名为世界自然基金会，以更好地反应其活动范围。它是世界上最大的、独立的自然保护组织，拥有世界各地超过500万的支持者，在100多个国家展动工作，并救助约1,300个与自然和环境保护相关的项目。它的任务是阻挡损坏地球的生态环境，建立一个能令人类与自然和平共处的将来。目前，其大多数工作都集中在对大海和海岸、丛林、淡水的保护。在其余问题上，它也关注濒危物种，污染平易候变化。此刻他们最需要的是资本，以执行其使命和办理与自然保护相关的突发事件。汉译英新中国建立以来，特别是改革开放以来，中国政府在生态环境(eco-environmental)保护方面做出了大批努力，获得了有效进展。政府采纳了一系列保护和改良生态环境的重要力措，比如踊跃推动要点生态，增强生态系统建设(ecosystem)及生物多样性保护(biodiversityconservation)，建立了一批自然保护区(naturereservation)、生态示范区(ecologicaldemonstrationzones)、景色名胜区和丛林公园。增强生态环境的保护和建设，实现人与自然和平共处，是建立社会主义友好社会（harmonioussociety）的重要目标之一。环境保护和生态文明建设为中国经济、社会的可连续发展供给了坚固的基础。SincethefoundingofNewChina,especiallysincetheeconomicreformanddoor-openingtotheworld,theChinesegovernmenthasmadeconsiderableeffortsineco-environmentalprotectionandachievedeffectiveprogress.Thegovernmenthastakenaseriesofimportantmeasurestoprotectandimprovetheecologicalenvironment,suchasactivelypromotingkeyecologicalprojects,enhancingecosystemconstructionandbiodiversityconservation,establishinganumberofnaturereservations,ecologicaldemonstrationzones,scenicspotsandforestparks.Oneoftheimportantgoalsofbuildingasocialistharmonioussocietyistostrengthenecologicalprotectionandconstructionandtoachieveharmonybetweenmanandnature.EnvironmentalprotectionandecologicalcivilizationconstructionhaveprovidedasolidfoundationforthesustainabledevelopmentofChina'seconomyandsociety.Unit8–SectionBUnderstandingthetext1D2A3C4C5D6B7D8CLanguageFocus–WordsinUseThepeopleintheneighboringhousecomplainedloudlyasMr.Hudsonusedanelectricalscrewdriver,which(emitted)aloud,continuousnoiseatmidnight.Afterthemurdererfiredhisfirstshot,aSecretServiceagentwhoguardedJohnson(shoved)himtothefloorandlayoverhim.Johndidnotknowhowlonghehadbeensleepingbutwokeuphungryanddecidedto(sneak)intothekitchenforsomethingtoeat.Theeaglebecamethenational(symbol)ofthecountrywhentheAmericanleadersapprovedthedesignoftheGreatSealoftheUnitedStates.Theoldwomanwascold,tiredandaching;herbeddinghadn'tbeenthickenoughandshe'dbeen(wakened)severaltimesduringthenight.Thestandardofhealthinthelargetownsstill(lagged)behindthecountryasawhole,inspiteofsubstantialimprovementsduringthelastdecade.Isuggestedthatwenotonlygiveupthetwocompaniesbutalso(ditch)anyotherbusinessinvolvedinsoftdrinks.OnNewYear'sEve,the(countdown)totheNewYearwassuchanexcitingattractionthatmanypeoplewhogatheredinthesquarewereshoutinguntilabigcheerexploded.Shewas(discharged)fromthehospital,apparentlyfitandwell,andhadfiveyearsofanactive,happylifebeforeshediedwithoutmuchpainordistressfromcancer.Briangotinjuredinhisrightshoulderwhileplayingbasketballlastweek,sohe(rotated)hisshouldersashedrove,tryingtoeasethepain.LanguageFocus–ExpressionsinUseYouwillthenbeaskedtofill(out)aloanapplicationformwithinformationsuchasyournameandaddress,whereyouwork,yourincome,etc.Wheneverwewerefacedwithaproblemthatweareunabletosolve,theywouldprovideus(with)asimpleactofkindnessforasolution,whichsurelyliftedourspirits.Unionnegotiatorsandtopmanagementhavebeentalkingaboutsalaryincrease,butneitherpartywantstogive(in)tothedemandsoftheother.Crewmembersarerotated(between)areasonadailybasissothattheycanbecomeskilledinalltypesoftheworkrequiredatthisjob,averyeffectivewayofjobtraining.Themoneywillbededucted(from)yourcurrentaccountwithinafewdaysofyourpurchase,justlikeacheck,butsomucheasier.Whenwewerepassingasmalltown,weenjoyedbeingputupforthenightinthedarkfarmhousethatsmelled(of)roastedbreadandwonderfulcoffee.Nomatterwhattheworldcommunitywouldthink,inmyopinion,anyindependentcountryshouldhavetherighttodefenditself(with)alllegalmeans.Duringhisexplorationinthemountains,thestrongwindrolledhim(over)anddrovehimdownagainevenbeforehecouldhavetimetotakeabreath.