英语口语书问题

PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT16Unit1FriendsDoyouhavemanyfriends?Yes,Ihavemanyfriendsbutonlyoneortwobosomfriends.我有很多朋友，但知心朋友只有一两个.Yes,Ihavemanyfriendsbutonlyoneortwodevotedpals.我有很多朋友，但忠实的朋友只有一两个。Yes,Ihavemanyfriendsbutonlyoneortwovaluablefriends.我有很多朋友，但珍贵的朋友只有一两个。Yes,Ihavemanyfriendsbutonlyoneortwolifelongpals.我有很多朋友，但毕生的朋友只有一两个。2.Doyoudifferentiatebetweenyourfriends?How?Iregardsomeofourfriendsasourbosomfriends,andothersasordinaryfriends.我把一些朋友看作是知心朋友，把其他的视为普通朋友。Iregardsomeofourfriendsasourintimatefriends,andothersascasualfriends.我把一些朋友看作是亲密的朋友，而其他的则视为泛泛之交。Weregardsomeofourfriendsasourdevoted/loyal/faithfulfriends,andothersasordinaryfriends.我们把一些朋友看作是忠实的朋友，把其他的视为普通朋友。Thosewhoareunfaithfultouscan’tbecalledourfriends.那些对我们不忠实的人不能称为我们的朋友。Weregardsomeofourfriendsasourvaluablefriends,andothersascasualfriends.我们把一些朋友看作是珍贵的朋友，而其他的则视为泛泛之交。Thosewhoaredisloyaltouscan’tbecalledourfriends.那些对我们不忠诚的人不能称为我们的朋友。3.Whatkindoffriendsdoyouthinkaretrue/goodfriends?Agoodfriendisafriendforlife.好朋友是终生的朋友。Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患难之交见真情。Agoodfriendis,asitwere,asecondself.可以说好朋友如同自己的心腹/左膀右臂。Atruefriendisonewhomyoucancounton,trustandtalkto.真正的朋友是一个你能依赖，信任和与之交谈的人。Agoodfriendissomeonewhowillhelpyouifyouareintrouble.好朋友是一个在你身处于困境时给你帮助的人。Afriendissomeonewhowilllistentoyouwhenyoutalkaboutyourproblems.真正的朋友是一个能倾听你诉说烦心事的人。Realfriendsarefriendsforever/forlife.真正的朋友是终生的朋友。Afriendisapersonbeforewhomyoumaythinkaloud.好朋友是个你能在他面前畅所欲言的人。4.Whatkindofpeopledoyouwanttomakefriendswith?I’dliketomakefriendswiththosewhoarekind-hearted.我喜欢和（心地）善良的人交朋友。Substitutions:honest诚实的sincere真诚的reliable可信赖的caring关心他人的thoughtful体贴的generous慷慨的compassionate有同情心的5.Howdoyoumakefriends?Don’ttrytowinafriendwithgiftsonly.不要只想靠礼物来赢得朋友。Theonlywaytohaveafriendistobeone.结交朋友的唯一方法是成为对方的朋友。6.Whatistruefriendship?Truefriendshipinvolvesaffectionandintimacy.真正的友谊离不开关爱与亲密。Friendshipisbasedonwarmth,trustandsharedexperience.友谊是以热情，信任以及共同的经历为基础的。Tobebetrayedbyafriendismostpainful.被朋友出卖是最（令人）痛苦的事。Truefriendshipisaplantofslowgrowth,thevalueofwhichcanstandthetestoftime.真正的友谊如同慢慢生长的植物，其价值能经得起时间的考验。Truefriendshipislikehealth,thevalueofwhichisseldomknownuntilitislost.真正的友谊犹如人的身体健康，只有失去了才能知道它的宝贵。7.Howvaluableisfriendshipinaperson’slife?Ifyoutellyourjoytoyourfriend,yourjoywilldouble.Andifyoupouryoursorrowtoyourfriend,yoursorrowwillbereducedbyhalf.与朋友分享你的快乐，快乐就会倍增。向朋友倾诉你的痛苦，痛苦就会减半。Lifewithoutfriendsislikelifeonadesertisland.没有朋友的生活就像生活在荒芜的海岛上。Sharingyourfriends’sorrowisthewaytoshowyourdeepfriendshipforthem.分担朋友的痛苦是达深厚友谊的方法。8.Howcanwekeepfriendshipalive?Sharingyourjoyandsorrowwithyourfriendscannurturefriendship.与朋友同甘共苦能增强友谊。Sharingyourjoyandsorrowwithyourfriendscankeepfriendshipalive.与朋友同甘共苦能使友谊保持活力。Keepingyourfriendsinformedaboutyourselfcanimprovefriendship.与朋友保持联系能增进友谊。Keepingyourfriendsinformedaboutyourselfcanmakefriendshippermanent.与朋友保持联系能使友谊长存。Rememberingimportantdaysinyourfriends’livescanpromotefriendship.记住朋友们生活中的一些重要日子能促进友谊。Rememberingimportantdaysinyourfriends’livescankeepfriendshipfreshinourminds.记住朋友们生活中的一些重要日子能使友谊记忆犹新。Unit2CulturalDifferences1.Whatdoculturaldifferencesmean?Peoplefromdifferentcountriesspeakdifferentlanguages,keepdifferentvaluesystems,andhavedifferentwaysoflookingatthings.Thesedifferencesaregenerallycalledculturaldifferences.不同国家的人语言不同，价值观念不同，看问题的角度也不同。这些不同之处通常被称作为文化差异。Peoplefromdifferentculturalback-groundsmayhavedifferentbeliefs,religions,customsandhabits.Thesedifferencesaregenerallycalledculturaldifferences.不同文化背景的人们会有不同的信念、不同的宗教、不同的风俗习惯，这些不同之处通常被称作为文化差异。Culturaldifferencesaresubtleandareoftenunrecognizedoroverlooked.文化差异很细微/微妙，常常不被人们所察觉或会被忽视。Itisupsettingtofindpeoplewhobehavedifferentlyfromus.Wemay,atfirst,assumethatsomethingiswrongwiththem.看到别人言谈举止与我们不同会让我们不安。起初，我们也许会认为他们出了什么问题。2.Howdoculturalbackgroundsinfluencepeople’swayofthinking?Aperson’sculturalbackgroundinfluenceswhatheconsiderstobegoodmannersorbadmanners.一个人的文化背景会影响他对行为举止好与坏的判断。Aperson’sculturalbackgroundinfluenceswhatheconsiderstobepoliteorrude.一个人的文化背景会影响他对礼貌与粗鲁的认定。Aperson’sculturalbackgroundinfluenceswhatheconsiderstobeontimeorlate.一个人的文化背景会影响他对准时与迟到的看法。Differentculturesmayhavedifferentwaysofrespondingtocompliments.不同文化对赞扬的反应是不同的。Someculturesconsideritpolitenottotakesomethingthefirsttimeitisoffered.有些文化认为当别人第一次给你东西时不要接受是比较礼貌的。EyecontactmayconveysincerityandattentivenessinsomeOrientalculturesbuttoomucheyecontactmayembarrasspeopleinsomeWesterncultures.在东方文化中目光的交流可以表示真诚和专注，而在西方文化中过多的目光交流会使人尴尬.3.Whatproblemsmaybecausedbyourfailuretorecognizeculturaldifferences?Failuretorecognizeculturaldifferencesliesattherootofmanyeverydaymisunderstandingsandirritationsamongpeopleofdifferentcountriesorraces.不了解文化差异会导致不同国家或种族的人之间在日常生活中产生许多误解和烦恼。Thosewhoareuninformedaboutculturaldifferencesmayhavedifficultycommunicatingwiththeirbusinessassociatesfromothercultures.不了解文化差异的人在与不同文化背景的生意伙伴交流时会有障碍。Inabilitytorecognizeculturaldifferencescanmakemutualunderstandingdifficult.不能识别文化差异会使相互之间难以理解。4.Howcanwedealwithculturaldifferences?Acertainamountofsmalltalkabouttheweather,family,andpersonalhobbiesisexpectedbeforegettingdowntobusinesswithyourforeignassociates.在与外国同仁（生意伙伴）谈正事之前可以聊一聊天气，家庭，以及个人爱好等话题。Youcanavoidunintentionallyoffendingothersbylearningthebasiccharacteristicsofothercultures.了解其它文化的基本特点可以避免无意间得罪他人。Don’tnotcriticizepeoplefromotherculturesinpublic.不要在公共场合批评来自不同文化的人。Don’tnotembarrasspeoplefromotherculturesinpublic.不要在公共场合使来自不同文化的人感到尴尬。Understandingcanonlybereachedifwearewillingtotreatpeoplefromothercultureswithrespectandasequals.尊重来自其它文化的人并与他们平等相待才能够相互理解。Itisagoodpolicytoletaforeignfriendorabusinessassociateknowyourexpectationswithregardtotimeandpunctuality.让你的外国朋友或生意伙伴了解你对时间的概念、守时的态度才是上策。Taketimetoexplaincertaincommoncustomsofyourownculturetoyourforeignfriendsorbusinessassociates.要耐心地向你的外国朋友或生意伙伴介绍一些自己国家的风俗。Askyourforeignfriendsorbusinessassociatesabouttheireverydaycustoms.向你的外国朋友或生意伙伴了解他们国家的日常习俗。5.Whatdoes“cultureshock”mean?Dictionary’sdefinition:“Cultureshock”meansconfusionanddisorientationcausedbycontactwithacivilizationotherthanone’sown.文化冲突是指在接触到与自身文化不同的文明时所产生的迷惑不解和不知所措。Cultureshockisapainfulexperienceweundergowhenweencounterentirelydifferentwaysoflifeinanotherculture.当我们遇到另一种文化背景中截然不同的生活方式时，就会经历到文化冲击，这是件痛苦的事。6.Whatshouldwedobeforevisitingothercountriestoavoidmisunder-standing?Whetheryouplantostayforaweekorforayearinanewplace,you’llbenefitalotfromlearningabouttheplacebeforeyougo.无论你打算在一个新地方逗留一周还是一年，事先多了解一些这个地方的情况将会受益匪浅。7.Howcanwecopewithcultureshock?Don’tpanicwhensomecustomsinaforeigncountrycatchyouoffguard.Youmustunderstandthatpeoplelivinginvariedcultureshandlemanysmalldailythingsdifferently.在异国他乡当一些风俗使你措手不及时不要惊慌。你必须明白生活在不同文化背景之下的人用不同的方法处理日常生活中的许多小事。Unit3OneWorld1.InwhatsensedoyouthinkwecanregardtheworldweliveinasOneWorld?2.Doyouthinkpeopleintheworldarelargelysimilar?Whyorwhynot?Humannatureisessentiallythesameeverywhere,becauseallhumanbeingshavetheneedtoeat,tohaveshelter,andtowork.Theyalsoneedtoloveothersandbeloved.Atthesametime,We,peopleoftheworld,areonebigfamily,fortogetherweexist,andtogetherwetrytomaketheworldbetterforall.无论在何处，人的本性基本上都是一样的。因为，所有的人都必须有食物吃、有地方住、有活儿干；也必须爱别人，被人爱。同时，我们全世界各地的人都生活在一个大家庭中，我们一起生存，一起尽力把世界变的更好。3.Doyouknowanytraditionsofotherpeopleintheworld?4.WhatarethetraditionsofbirthdaycelebrationsinsomeEnglish-speakingcountriessuchasBritainandtheU.S.?HowdotheydifferfromtheChineseones?虽然不同的国家的人们有着不同的传统,全世界很多人都庆祝的日子之一是生日.在中国,人们会在午餐时为过生日的人准备特别的面条以示庆贺.这些面条特别长,象征着长寿.在其他一些国家的文化中,人们用插着点燃着蜡烛的蛋糕来庆祝生日,蜡烛的数量代表过生日的人就要达到的岁数.大家高兴地庆祝生日并准备许多食物.记住生日能使我们珍惜生命,不虚度光阴.Althoughpeopleindifferentcountrieshavedifferenttraditions,oneofthedaysobservedbymanypeoplethroughouttheworldisbirthday.InChina,specialnoodlesareservedforlunchinhonorofbirthdayperson.Thenoodlesareextralongtosymbolizelongevity.Insomeothercultures,peoplecelebratebirthdayswithacaketoppedwithlightedcandles,thenumberofwhichrepresentshowoldapersonisturning.Birthdaysarecelebratedwithalotoffunandfood.Rememberingbirthdayscanhelpustreasureourlivesandnotfritterthemaway.Unit4ExplainingProcesses1.Whatisthepurposeofanoralpresentation?我们经常要为我们的同学和老师作口头陈述.Weareoftenexpectedtogiveoralpresentationstoourclassmatesandteachers.我们经常要为满满一教室的同学和老师口头陈述.Weareoftenexpectedtogiveoralpresentationstoaroomfulofclassmatesandlecturers.口头陈述的成绩是学习(工作)总评的重要部分.Ourperformanceinoralpresentationswillformanimportantpartoftheoverallassessmentofourwork.2.Howcanwemakeourpresentationsmoreeffectively？很多学生觉得做一次能够取得预期效果的口头陈述是很困难的，并且压力很大。Manystudentsfindgivinganeffectiveoralpresentationdifficultandstressful.做口头陈述时,我们不但要把信息和观点连贯地组织起来,而且要清晰生动地陈述出来.Ingivinganoralpresentation,weshouldnotonlyorganizeinformationandideascoherentlybutalsodeliverthespeechinaclearandvividway.通过使用图表，照片和电脑制作的图形，使我们的表诉清晰，有趣，而且易记。Usingcharts,photosandcomputergraphicscanhelpustomakeourpresentationsclear,interestingandmemorable.我们经常有必要在一些场合做口头陈述，比如有时候在课堂上讲给老师和同学听。对于某些老师来说，我们在口头陈述中的表现很可能会成为我们总成绩的一部分。尽管口头陈述很重要，可是有很多学生还是觉得做口头陈述非常困难，而且很容易紧张.那么该如何完成一次口头陈述呢？首先我们要将信息连贯地组合起来；其次在做口头陈述的时候要条理清晰，尽量做到生动活泼；此外，使用表格、照片或者电脑也可以让我们的陈述变的生动有趣，容易记忆。Weareoftenexpectedtogiveoralpresentationstoourclassmatesandteachers.Tosometeachers,ourperformanceinoralpresentationswillformanimportantpartoftheoverallassessmentofourwork.Despitetheimportanceofpresentation,manystudentsfindgivinganeffectiveoralpresentationdifficultandstressful.Sohowcanwegiveanoralpresentationeffectively?Firstofall,weshouldorganizeinformationandideascoherently;second,thespeechshouldbedeliveredinaclearandvividway.Inaddition,theuseofcharts,photosandcomputergraphicscanhelpustogetourmessageacrossandatthesametimemakeourpresentationsclear,interestingandmemorable.Whatarethefunctionsofoverheadprojector?投影仪是一种能把幻灯片上的图象放大并投射到屏幕或是白色的墙面上的仪器。TheOHPisadevicewhichprojectsenlargedimagesfromtransparenciesontoascreenorawhitewall.投影仪是开研讨会,大型会议等时帮助陈述和演示的有用工具.TheOHPisausefultoolforpresentationanddemonstrationatseminars,conferences,etc.使用投影仪能让观众清晰地看到图表，图片和照片。Usinganoverheadprojectorenablestheaudiencetoseethecharts,diagramsandphotosclearly.使用视觉辅助手段,例如投影仪,幻灯片,电脑图象能使教学更有趣/活跃课堂气氛/提高学生的参与度.Theuseofvisualaidssuchasoverheads,slides,andcomputerimagescanaddinteresttoteachingandlearning/enliventheclassroomatmosphere/promotestudents’participation.4.Ifyoudon’tknowhowtooperatecertainmachines,whatwouldyoudo?如果我们不知道如何操作一台现代化的机器设备,最好的办法是找一个具有专业知识的人,为我们演示如何一步一步操作机器.Ifwedon’tknowhowtooperatesomemodernpieceofequipment,thebestpolicyistogetsomeonewhohastheexpertisetodemonstratetoushowtooperateitstepbystep.6.WhatdifficultieswouldyouhaveinexplainingtheprocedureforoperatingmodernofficeequipmentinEnglish?我觉得用英语来解释做某件事情的过程很困难。IhavedifficultyexplainingtheprocessofdoingsomethinginEnglish.我最大的困难是不知道机器的不同部位的英语名字。MymajordifficultyisthatIdon’tknowtheEnglishnamesofthedifferentpartsofamachine.Unit5Memory1.Whatismemory?记忆力可以定义为获取信息为日后所用的能力。Memorycanbedefinedasthecapacitytokeepinformationavailableforlateruse.记忆力可以定义为人们储存检索信息的过程。Memorycanbedefinedastheprocessbywhichpeoplestoreandretrieveinformation.2.Howgoodisyourmemory?Areyougoodatrememberingdates,telephonenumbers,people'snames,factsforexams,booksorjokesyou'vereadandfilmsyou'veseen?我的记忆力详细准确。I'vegotaphotographicmemory.我记性坏。I'vegotamemorylikeasieve(筛子).我对日期、姓名、电话号码等的记忆力差。I'vegotabadmemoryfordates,names,telephonenumbers,etc.我突然想不起来了。Itsuddenlyescapedmymind.我就是记不起来了。Ijustcan'tplaceit.话到嘴边了。It'sonthetipofmytongue.如果我记得没错的话，我想我们以前见过。IfIremembercorrectly,Ithinkwe’vemetbefore.3.Whattechniquesdoyouusetohelpyourememberthings?你能否记牢这些事取决于你记忆的方式。Whetheryoucanrememberthingswellornotdependsonthewayyoutrytorememberthem.你能否记牢这些事取决于你回忆的频率。Whetheryoucanrememberthingswellornotdependsonhowoftenyourecallthem.不要努力去记住所有的事实，而是把精力集中在你认为更为重要的内容上。Don'ttrytomemorizeallthefacts,butfocusyourattentiononwhatyouconsidermoreimportant.如果你太紧张，那么集中注意力是不可能的。尽量放松些，你就会牢记。Itisimpossibletoconcentrateifyouaretenseornervous.Trytorelaxandyou'llrememberthings.将事实与脑海中的形象联想在一起是记住大量信息的一个非常行之有效的方法。Associatingfactswithimagesisaveryefficientwaytomemorizealargequantityofinformation.想象心目中的形象是记住大量信息的一个非常行之有效的方法。Visualizingimagesisaveryefficientwaytomemorizealargequantityofinformation.4.Whatmethodsdoyouusetoremindyourselfofpastevents?你可以做许多事情帮助你回忆过去所发生的事，例如记日记、买名信片、摄影以及制作录像。Therearemanythingsyoucandotohelpyourecallpastevents,suchaskeepingadiary,buyingpostcards,takingphotosandmakingvideofilms.5.Howcanweimproveourmemory?好记性有时是与生俱来的。Agoodmemoryissomethingyouwerebornwith.经常记东西会大大增强记忆力。Agoodmemoryisbuiltupbyfrequentuse.记忆力犹如肌肉，越练越好，愈是忽视，愈是糟糕。Memoryislikeamuscle-themoreitisused,thebetteritgets.Themoreitisneglected,theworseitgets.想要激发你的记忆力，得最大限度地运用你的记忆力。Tostimulateyourmemory,trytouseyourmemorytotheutmost.学习新的技能可以刺激大脑。Learningnewskillscouldstimulateyourbrain.学习新的技能可以增强记忆力。Learningnewskillscouldsharpenyourmemory.有些维生素对保证记忆力正常工作是极为重要的。Somevitaminsareessentialfortheproperworkingofmemory.体内缺少水份会立即对记忆力产生深远的影响。Lackofwaterinthebodyhasanimmediateanddeepeffectonmemory.Whatdolong-termmemoryandshort-termmemorymean?每个人都具有短时和长时记忆。Everyonehasashort-termmemoryandalong-termmemory.短时记忆是暂时性的，因为它会短时间内储存在大脑中。Ashort-termmemoryistemporary,asitisstoredforaveryshorttimeinthebrain.短时记忆有时被称为临时记忆，是临时信息储存的一个更为普遍的说法。Short-termmemoryissometimescalledworkingmemory,whichisamoregeneraltermforstorageoftemporaryinformation.Unit6Wealth1.Whatisthegeneralattitudetowardwealthinoursociety?positiveneutralnegative2.Doyouthinkmoneycanbringhappiness?Whyorwhynot?①Positiveattitude现代生活离不开金钱。Modernlifeisbuiltaroundmoney.金钱无论是何种形式都可以买到物品或服务。Money,whateverformittakes,isessentialforbuyinggoodsandservices.有钱人可以毫不费力地满足他们的个人需要。Therichareabletosatisfytheirpersonalwisheswithoutdifficulty.对于有钱人来说接受好的教育，旅游，奢侈的生活和安全感都是触手可及的；而穷人付出很大的努力却未必能得到。Fortherich,goodeducation,travel,luxuryandsecurityareallreadilyavailable,whilethepoorattainthesewithgreatdifficulty,ifatall.在商业化的社会中，金钱观在人们的价值观上位置很高。Inacommercialized(商业化的)society,moneyranksveryhighinpeople'svaluesystem.②Neutralattitude金钱本身是中性的。Moneyinitselfisneutral.金钱可能是人快乐的源泉，也可能是人最大的烦恼。Moneyisman'sgreatestsourceofjoyaswellashisgreatestsourceofanxiety.金钱可以买来舒适的生活，也可以提供某种程度的安全感，但金钱不是万能。Moneycanbuycertaincomfortsandoffersomesecurity,butitisnottheanswerforeverything.金钱可以买到食物，但不能买到胃口；可以买到药品，但不能买到健康。Moneybringsyoufood,butnotappetite;medicine,butnothealth.③Negativeattitude金钱是可怕的主人，但却是很好的仆人。Moneyisaterriblemasterbutanexcellentservant.财富使人们背负很多责任。Moneyandwealthtrappeopleintovariousobligations.Unit7Anti-smoking1.Whydosomeyoungpeoplepickupsmoking?有人抽烟是出于好奇。Someyoungpeoplemayhavepickedupsmokingoutofcuriosity.有人抽烟是因为同辈吸烟人的压力。Someyoungpeoplemayhavepickedupsmokingbecauseofpeerpressure.有人抽烟是因为他们认为那样很酷。Someyoungpeoplemayhavepickedupsmokingbecausetheythoughtitwascool.烟草中的尼古丁可以在短时间内刺激吸烟者。Thenicotineintobaccocanstimulateasmokerforabriefperiodoftime.烟草中的尼古丁可以在短时间内兴奋吸烟者。Thenicotineintobaccocanenergizeasmokerforabriefperiodoftime.2.Howharmfulissmokingtosmokers?吸烟是肺癌的致命性诱因.Smokingisknownasafatalcauseoflungcancer.吸烟也与其他类型癌症有关.Smokingisalsofoundtoberelatedtoothertypesofcancer.吸烟不仅浪费金钱而且还对生命造成危险.Smokingisnotonlyawasteofmoneybutisalsoadangertoone’shealth.研究表明吸烟者比不吸烟者更易死于心脏病突发.Studiesshowthatcigarettesmokersaremuchmorelikelytodiefromaheartattackthannonsmokers.如果你一支接一支地吸烟/过量吸烟/每天吸20支烟,你就很危险了.Yourunagreaterriskifyouareachainsmoker/ifyousmoketoexcess/ifyousmoke20cigarettesaday.Doyouthinkitisrighttoallowsmokerstosmokeinair-conditionedorenclosedareas?Whyorwhynot?在我来看，在公共场所/电梯及空调房/食堂以及自助餐厅内应禁止吸烟。Inmyopinion,smokingshouldbeprohibitedinallpublicplaces/inallenclosedareaslikeelevatorsandair-conditionedoffices,restaurantsandcafeterias.4.Inwhatplaceshassmokingalreadybeenbanned?Areyouinfavorofthispolicyornot?Why?我认为，所有公共场所应至少部分的禁止吸烟/为不吸烟者创造一个无烟区/给吸烟者设立一个隔离区。Ithinkallpublicplacesshouldatleastpartiallybansmoking/createasmoke-freeareafornon-smokers/setupaseparateareaforsmokers.许多国家的不吸烟者正在呼吁禁止在公共场所吸烟。Nonsmokersinmanycountriesareappealingfortheprohibitionofsmokinginpublicplaces.由于各禁烟组织的努力,香烟制造商不得不在每盒香烟上印上警示.Thankstotheeffortsofanti-smokinggroups,manufacturersareforcedtoputawarningoneverypacketofcigarettes.尽管许多火车上禁止吸烟，但是还有一些吸烟车厢供吸烟者使用。Whilesmokingisnotallowedonmosttraincarriages,thereusuallyareafewsmokingcompartmentsforsmokers.因为人们越来越意识到被动吸烟的危害，将来吸烟者能吸烟的地方很少。Aspeoplebecomemoreandmoreawareofthedangerofpassivesmoking,smokersmayfindveryfewplacesleftwheretheycanlightup.5.Whattroublescanasmokerhaveifheworksinanon-smokingenvironment?也许他迟早会被迫戒烟。一旦他吸烟上了瘾，就会很难戒掉。Maybeheissoonerorlaterforcedtoquitsmoking.Onceyoubecomeaddictedtosmoking,itwillbehardtoquit.吸烟者能不能戒烟在于他的意志。Whetherasmokercangiveupsmokingornotdependsonhisorherwill.passivesmoking:6.Issmokingalsoharmfultononsmokers?Inwhatway?吸烟不仅对吸烟者本身有害，而且对周围不吸烟者也有害。Smokingisdangerousnotonlytothesmokersthemselvesbutalsotothenonsmokersaroundthem.被动吸烟同样可以导致肺癌.Passivesmokingcanalsocauselungcancer.Unit8Aging1.Whatdoesagingmean?Howoldarepeopleconsideredelderly?2.Whatshouldbetherightattitudetowardaging?OralPresentation:到了一定年纪，每个人都会变老。老年化指的是一个自然的变老过程。它是指人的脑力和体力各方面能力的衰退。一般来说65岁以上的人就被称为老年人了。然而，年老亦有年老的乐趣。老年人首先要在心理上保持年轻，并且应当快乐的享受余生。正所谓时光如梭，青春不再。Agingcomestoeveryoneaftertheyreachacertainage.Itreferstothenaturalprocessofgrowingold.It’sadeclineinallareasofaperson’smentalandphysicalabilities.Peopleover65yearsoldaregenerallyconsideredelderly.However,oldagemayhaveitsowncompensationsandrewards.Anelderlypersonmayremainyoungatheartandenjoytheirremainingyearsinhappiness.Asthesayinggoes,noonegetsanyyoungerwitheachpassingday.OralPresentation随着年纪的增大，每个人都会变老。老年人首先应该保持心理上的年轻，其次老年人应该意识到他们是社会的财富；事实上，老年人得到的机会并不比年轻人少，只是形式不同而已。Agingcomestoeveryoneaftertheyreachacertainage.Atfirst,anelderlypersonshouldremainyoungatheart.Secondly,theyshouldrealizethattheyareanassetofsociety.Asamatteroffact,ageoffersnolessopportunitythanyouth,thoughindifferentforms.3.Whatproblemsmaypeoplehaveastheygrowold?4.Howshouldwetreatoldpeople?我们应当尊敬老人，爱戴老人，并且在他们生病时照料他们。随着年纪的增大，老人会患上各种疾病，如心脏病，高血压，糖尿病等；此外，许多老人还会患有不同形式的记忆力衰退，他们往往记不住最近发生的事情，但能清楚的记得过去发生的事情。Weshouldtreatoldpeoplewithrespectandaffection.Andwhat’smore,weshouldtakegoodcareofthem,especiallywhentheyaresickbecauseoldageisoftenaccompaniedbyvariouskindsofillnessessuchasheartdisease,highbloodpressure,diabetes,etc.Inaddition,manyelderlypeoplesufferfromvaryingdegreesofmemoryloss.Theyhavedifficultyrememberingrecenteventsbutmayretainvividmemoriesofwhathappenedtothemalongtimeago.5.Whatarethedifferencesbetweenoldageandyouth?6.Whatarethecommonailmentsoftheelderly?1.Whatdoesagingmean?Howoldarepeopleconsideredelderly?老年化是一个自然的变老过程/是指人的脑力和体力各方面能力的衰退。---Agingisthenaturalprocessofgrowingold/adeclineinallareasofaperson’smentalandphysicalabilities.一般认为超过65岁的人是老年人---Peopleover65yearsoldaregenerallyconsideredelderly.2.Whatshouldbetherightattitudetowardaging?到了一定年纪，每个人都会变老。---Agingcomestoeveryoneaftertheyreachacertainage.时光如梭，青春不再。---Noonegetsanyyoungerwitheachpassingday.老年人可以在心理上保持年轻。---Anelderlypersonmayremainyoungatheart.老年人应当快乐的享受余生。---Theelderlyshouldenjoytheirremainingyearsinhappiness.年老亦有年老的乐趣。---Oldagemayhaveitsowncompensationsandrewards.3.Whatproblemsmaypeoplehaveastheygrowold?有些老年人相当保守/认为他们总是对的/不易接受新事物/反对所有的新事物/不赞成年轻人的行为举止/渴望得到年轻人的认可，崇拜和赞赏/始终记得他们以往的荣誉。---Someoldpeopleareratherconservative/thinktheyarealwaysright/areslowtoacceptnewthings/disapproveofeverythingnew/frownonthebehavioroftheyoung/yearntoberecognized,admiredandpraisedbytheyoung/clingtotheirpastglories.很多老年人记不清最近发生的事情，但清楚地记得很久之前发生的事情/患有不同程度的记忆衰退。---Manyelderlypeoplehavedifficultyrememberingrecenteventsbutmayretainvividmemoriesofwhathappenedtothemalongtimeago/sufferfromvaryingdegreesofmemoryloss.4.Howshouldwetreatoldpeople?我们应当尊敬老人/关爱老人/对他们要有耐心/使他们跟得上时代/尤其在他们生病时要尽心照料。---Weshouldtreatoldpeoplewithrespect/affection/patience/keepthemup-to-date/takegoodcareofthem,especiallywhentheyaresick.5.Whatarethedifferencesbetweenoldageandyouth?晚年时代的机会并不少于青年时代，只是形式不同。---Ageoffersnolessopportunitythanyouth,thoughindifferentforms.老年人是社会的财富/经验更丰富，责任心更强。---Oldpeopleareanassetofsociety/moreexperiencedandresponsible.老年人往昔很久而将来不多，年轻人恰恰相反。---Theoldhavealongpastandashortfuturebeforethemwhiletheyounghaveashortpastandalongfuturebeforethem.人们常说青年鲁莽犯错，中年奋斗不止，老年后悔无穷。---Itisoftenquotedthatyouthisablunder;manhood,astruggle;oldage,aregret.6.Whatarethecommonailmentsoftheelderly?老年会出现各种样的疾病，如心脏病，高血压，糖尿病等等。---Oldageisoftenaccompaniedbyvariouskindsofillnessessuchasheartdisease,highbloodpressure,diabetes,etc.随着年龄的增大，大多数身体器官功能都减弱。---Mostofthebodyorgansperformlesseffectivelywithadvancingage.老年化的一个显著标志是健忘/视力和听力的衰退/力