英语文本

英语复习材料汇总（非听力）一．languagefocusUnit11.Disappointment,griefandsleeplessnessseizedhimfordaysafterreceivingtheletter.收到信后，失望、悲伤和失眠折磨了他好几天2.Anewspaperpublishedsomerathersoberinginformationaboutpunishmentfordrunkendrivingconvictionsinothercountries.一家报纸刊登了一些关于其他国家酒后驾车定罪处罚的发人深省的资料。3.Successisdiscoveringyourbesttalents,skills,andabilitiesandapplyingthemwheretheywillmakethemosteffectivecontributiontoyourfellowmen.成功就是发现你最优秀的才能、技能和能力，并将它们应用到对你的伙伴做出最有效贡献的地方。4.Peoplefamiliarwiththemattersaidthatanofficialannouncementcouldcomeasearlyastoday.知情人士说，一项正式声明最早可能在今天公布。5.Everyhumanbeingshouldlearntotrulyappreciatethebeautyofnatureandthemiracleoflife.每个人都应该学会真正地欣赏大自然的美和生命的奇迹。6.Shecomfortedherselfwiththethoughtthatitwouldsoonbespring.她安慰自己，以为马上就要到春天了。7.Suchchangecompelsgovernmentsaroundtheworldtodevelopspecificpoliciestosolvethecurrentcrisis.这种变化迫使世界各国政府制定具体政策来解决当前的危机。8.Consumersusuallyseeawell-regardedbrandnameasaassuranceofquality.消费者通常认为信誉良好的品牌是质量的保证。Unit21.EngineersarecarryingoutessentialmaintenanceworkonthemainlinetoCambridge.师们正在对剑桥的干线进行必要的保养工作。2.Doyouthinkyoucouldglanceovertheminutes（会议记录）thatIhavedraftedofourlastmeetingbeforeIhavethemtypedout?你认为你可以先浏览一下我上次会议起草的会议记录，然后再把它们打印出来吗？3.Noonewillworkindefinitelywithoutsomeformofcompensation.没有某种形式的补偿，没有人会无限期地工作。4.Therewerehastydiscussionsinanatmosphereofmountingtensionandpanic.在增长紧张和恐慌的气氛中进行了仓促的讨论.5.Shestoodandquietlycontemplatedthescenethatlaybeforeher.她站在那里静静地注视着她面前的情景。6.Poorposture,sittingorwalkingslouchedover,compressesthebody’sorgans.不良的姿势，坐着或走路无精打采地坐着，将压缩身体的器官。7.Ahotcompresswiththisointmentcanreduceswellingandalleviatepain.用这种药膏热敷可以消肿胀止痛。8.Didtheygetanycompensationwhentheyweredismissedfromtheirjobs?他们被解雇时得到了什么补偿吗？Unit31.Youwillsoonbecomefullyacquaintedwiththeprocedures.你很快就会熟悉这些程序。2.Environmentalgroupsareexertingpressureonthegovernmenttotightenpollutionlaws.环保组织向政府施加压力，要求加强污染法。3.Wefeastedonchickenandroastpotatoes.我们享受鸡肉和烤土豆。4.Somechildrenshowsignsofanxietyanddepressionatexamtime.有些孩子考试时表现出焦虑和抑郁的迹象。5.Compromiseisaninevitablepartofmarriage.妥协是婚姻不可避免的一部分。6.Thismatterwillbedecidedbytheparty’snationalexecutive.这件事将由党的国家执行官来决定。7.Theymayevenrisklosingtheirhomes.他们甚至有失去家园的危险。8.ThereturnedouttobenoreliableevidenceofMardell’sguilt.原来是没有可靠的证据马德尔有罪。Unit41.InmanyareasthehighlightoftheLanternFestivalisthedragondance.在许多地方，元宵节的重头戏是舞龙。2.Silenceisthemostperfectexpressionofscorn.沉默是轻蔑最完美的表达方式。3.SomeofthenicestpeopleIknowarealsothemosthumblepeopleIknow.我认识的一些最善良的人也是我所认识的最谦逊的人。4.Thewoundedwomancrawledtothephonetocallthepolice.受伤的妇女爬到电话机旁报警。5.Wehavetodriftaparttotwogroups,butletusbebrothersforever.我们必须分为两类，但我们永远是兄弟。6.Theywalkedthroughtheforestbreathingthescentofpines.他们穿过森林，呼吸着松树的气味。7.Tellchildrentodotheoppositeofwhatyoureallywant,andtheywillrebelandactuallyendupdoingwhatyouwant.告诉孩子们做与你真正想要的相反的事情，他们会反抗并最终做你想做的事。8.Hecursedhisbadluckinarrivingjustaftershe’dleft.他在她离开后到达时诅咒他的厄运。Unit51.Icannotstandidlybyandlethimtaketheblame.我不能袖手旁观，让他承担责任。2.Theparkingfacilitiesareinadequateforsuchabusyshoppingcentre.对于这样一个繁忙的购物中心，停车设施不够充足。3.Well-offlocalswouldbuyasecondhousesotheycouldrentitouttomigrantsfromotherpartsofthecountry.富裕的当地人会买第二套房子，这样他们就可以把房子出租给来自全国其他地方的移民。4.Ifyousaythatsomethingischarming,youmeanthatitisverypleasantorattractive.如果你说某事物是有魅力的，你的意思是它是令人愉快或吸引人的。5.Oneyoungsoldierrosewithamessageofthanks,hisvoicechokedwithemotion.一个年轻士兵带着感谢的声音升起，他的声音因激动而哽咽。6.Herhealthhasbeendecliningprogressivelyforseveralmonths.她几个月来健康一直在下降。7.Readthemanufacturer’sguidelinesbeforediscardingthebox.在处理盒子前先看一下制造商的使用说明。8.Theysaythingsshouldbebetternowthattheyhavestreamlinedapplicationprocedures.他们称鉴于他们已经高效了申请手续，情况应该会有所好转。短语篇Unit1Intheeventofhisdeath,hisdaughterwillinheritthemoney.如果他死了，他的女儿将继承这笔钱。2.Policewardedoffabout2,000protesterswhomarchedonthepoliceheadquarterslastFriday.警察阻止了约2000名示威者向警察总部上星期五。There’snoearthlyreasonwhysheshouldn’tcomewithus.她没有理由不跟我们一起去。4.Someyoungpeoplecouldn’tbearupunderthestressofthemodernlife.有些年轻人不能经受现代生活的压力。TheworldwasstunnedbyChina’shightechnologyusedintheceremony.世界是由中国开幕式的高科技惊呆了。It’scertainlynotanewidea,andI’veusedthistechniqueinonewayoranotherforseveralyears.这当然不是一个新主意，我用这种已经有好几年了。Unit2You’llbeonprobationforaperiodofthreemonthsbeforeyougetthisjob.Whatdoyousay?你得到这份工作之前要试用三个月。你看怎么样？Thereisnotmuchpointinshowingoffwhenmobilesaresocommonnow.手机现在如此普及，炫耀的意义不大。Asforsalary,Ileaveittoyoutodecideafteryouhaveconsideredmyabilitiesandexperience.至于薪水，请您考虑一下我的能力和经验后再决定。Certainly,noall-roundknowledgecanbeacquiredmerelybyglancingthiswayandthatandrelyingonhearsay.当然，没有任何全面的知识可以仅仅通过这种方式和依靠道听途说来获得。Thehungerforlibertyisstrong,anditisnotconfinedtoanytimeorplace.对自由的渴望是强烈的，它不局限于任何时间或地点。Itisfoundthatpeople’svoicesoftengethigherwhentheylie,andtheyaremorelikelytostumbleoverwords.人们发现，当人们说谎时，他们的声音往往更高，他们更容易结结巴巴。Unit31.Historians,itisfairtosay,willprobablylookbackonthepastyearorsoasanepochalmoment.可以说，历史学家们大概会回顾过去一年左右的划时代的时刻。SomeexpertssayitcouldslowdownserviceatMcDonald’srestaurants.一些专家说这可能会减缓麦当劳餐厅的服务速度。ItwassimplybychancethatNicholsonwascastinthefilm.这是偶然的，尼克尔森被投在电影中。4.Youmaythengetstuckwiththatimageofyourselfandalwaysconsideryourselfavisualintrovertedtypeorachaoticextrovert.你可能会被自己的形象所束缚，总是认为自己是一个视觉内向型或一个混乱外向的人。Asforbankers,thereseemstobeanotherpsychologicalfactoratwork：apowerfulsenseofentitlement.至于银行家们，似乎还有另一个心理因素在起作用：一种强烈的权利感。Inrecentyears,risingoilpriceshaveledmoregovernmentstoacteitherdirectlyorindirectlytotakecontroloftheiroilindustries.近年来，油价上涨导致更多政府直接或间接采取行动控制石油工业。Unit41.1.Inadditiontogettingthemvaccinated(接种疫苗)againstbothseasonalandH1N1flu,teachyourkidsbasichygienehabits,whichcangoalongwayinpreventingthespreadofthevirus.除了让孩子接种疫苗（接种疫苗）对季节性流感和H1N1流感，教孩子基本的卫生习惯，这可以长期地预防病毒的传播。2.That’skindofabstract,solet’stakeaconcreteexamplerecentlyreportedintheFinancialTimes.这有点抽象，所以让我们举一个最近在《金融时报》中报道的具体例子。3.Thelatestmoviemadebythatinternationallyfamousdirectorturnedouttobeatotalfailure.那位国际著名导演制作的最新影片结果完全失败了。Hisroomisbigandinfactisaroomfor3andthebathroomisevenequippedforadisabledperson.他的房间很大，实际上是一个3人的房间，浴室甚至还配备了残疾人。Armedwithknowledge,you’llbeagoodteacher.有了知识的储备，你就会成为一名好老师。Letthemknowthatiftheyaren’twithyou,theyareagainstyouandwillpaytheprice.让他们知道，如果他们不在你身边，他们会反对你，并为此付出代价。Unit51.UntilthiseveningIhadneversomuchasexchangedawordwithhim.直到今天晚上，我还从来没有和他说过一句话。2.Hisreluctancetohelpcould,inpart,beexplainedbyhispooreyesight.他不愿意帮忙，这在某种程度上可以解释为他视力不好。3.ThefirstdebatewassupposedtohavebeenheldonTuesday.第一场辩论本该在星期二就举行了。4.Economistsbelievethateconomicrecoverywillbegintotakerootnextyear.经济学家认为，明年经济复苏将开始生根。We’vebeenaskedtocomeupwithsomenewideas.我们被要求提出一些新的想法。Ifyouhaveyourownbusinessinthemarket,youwillhavealotofmoneyatyourdisposal.如果你在市场上有自己的生意，你会有很多钱可支配。UNIT1被警察询问时，杰夫极力保持冷静，沉着地回答每个问题。(composure)Jefftriedtokeephiscomposureandanswereveryquestioncalmlywheninquiredbythepoliceman.油价不断上涨，世界各国都不同程度地受到了影响。(onewayoranother)Withoilpriceskeepingonincreasing,allthecountriesintheworldhavebeenaffected(in)onewayoranother他在会上提出了一系列可能避免环境污染的。(wardoff)Atthemeetingheproposedaseriesofmeasuresthatmightwardofftheenvironmentalpollution.迈克向他父亲保证他一定会全身心投入到即将到来的比赛上。(assure)Mikeassuredhisfatherthathewouldputhiswholeheartintothecomingcompetition.一旦玛丽下定决心，就绝不会动摇。(waver)Marywillneverwaveronceshemakesuphermind.UNIT2他们的一些罪行骇人听闻，简直令人毛骨悚然。Someoftheiroffencesaresoawfulthattheywouldchilltheblood.材料包括但不限于洋葱、奶酪、西红柿和黑胡椒。Theingredientsincludedbutwerenotlimitedtoonions,cheese,tomatoesandblackpepper.他认为总经理如此重视那些日常琐事很荒唐。Heconsidereditridiculousforthegeneralmanagertoattachsomuchimportancetothoseroutinetrifles.我们没人打破物理定律，不然就有人获诺贝尔奖了！Wedidn’tbreakthelawsofphysics,orelsesomeonewouldbegettingtheNobelPrize!越来越多的医学证据表明了皮肤癌与在日光下暴露皮肤的明确关联。Mountingmedicalevidenceshowedtheclearlinkbetweensunexposureandskincancer.UNIT3天气骤然变坏，寻找伤员的工作要加紧进行。Effortstoreachtheinjuredmenshouldbeintensifiedbecauseofthesuddendeteriorationinweatherconditions.有些人可能沉溺于网上冲浪，这会危害他们的身心健康。Somepeoplemaybeaddictedtonetsurfing,whichimpairstheirphysicalandmentalhealth.地球和它表面的一切，不管是有生命的还是没有生命的，相互作用来影响我们的生活。TheEarthandeverythingonit,livingandnonliving,interacttoexertinfluenceonthelifewehave.穷人和残疾人依靠政府的救济维持生计。Needyandhandicappedpeopledependongovernmentrelieffortheirsupport.到目前为止，还没有迹象表明人们对此品牌感到疲倦。Sofarthereisnosignoffatiguewiththebrand.UNIT4在一个没有为高温炎热做好准备的国家，这是紧急事件。Inacountrythatisnotequippedforsevereheat,thisisanemergency.房间里闹哄哄的，他不得不竖起耳朵来听电话。Itwassonoisyintheroomthathehadtopullhisearstohearthephone.这是一项令人兴奋的工作，但有几分危险。Thisisanexcitingjob,butkindofdangerous.很难预测这些事情的结果是什么。Itishardtopredicthowthesethingswillturnout.谁也不知道怎么办。即使知道也将会是摸着石头过河。Nobodyknowshowtofigurethemout.Evenifsomebodyseemstoknow,itisstill“crossingariverbyfeelingforthestones”.UNIT5不遵守学校规章制度的学生会被开除。Studentscanbeexpelledforrefusingtoconformtoschoolrules.极度愤怒只会导致不愉快的结果。Extremeangercanonlyleadtounpleasantoutcomes.现在，公司关心的事情就是有效地进行废物处理和提高利润。Currently,whatthecompanycaresaboutareefficientwastedisposalandhigherprofits.在你决定想要做什么工作之前，你可以考虑一下找一份临时工作。Youmightconsiderfindingtemporaryworkbeforeyoudecidewhatyouwanttodo.如果对团队协作的重要性意识不足，我们就得承受失败的风险。Ifwedonothavestrongawarenessofthesignificanceofteamwork,wewillruntheriskoffailure.UNIT6他用冷漠的态度面对别人的侮辱。Hereactedtotheinsultbyactingascoldasice.在生活中，有原则的人宁愿死得有尊严也不愿苟且偷生。Inlife,amanofprinciplepreferstodiewithdignityinsteadoflivingindisgrace.几个警察不得不护送这位裁判离开足球场。Severalpolicemenhadtoescorttherefereefromthefootballfield.她总觉得自己受制于人。Shealwayshasthefeelingthatsheisbeingmanipulated.万一有特殊情况，学生们应该向警察求助。Incaseofexceptionalcircumstances,studentsshouldturntothepoliceforhelp.UNIT1中国人从小就相信英雄得具有大无畏和自我牺牲精神(self-sacrifice)。当国家利益和个人利益相冲突时，英雄们总是选择牺牲自己。刘胡兰和董存瑞在中国家喻户晓。1947年，15岁的刘胡兰由于积极投身中国解放运动而被敌人杀害。战士董存瑞手托炸药包(apackofexplosives)，炸毁了敌人的碉堡(blockhouse)，并献出了自己的生命。但是，随着时间的推移，英雄的已经多样化，人们开始质疑这些英雄是否仍然是当今的楷模(rolemodel)。Chinesepeoplearebroughtuptobelievethataherohastobeassociatedwithtremendouscourageandself-sacrifice.Wheneverthereisacontradictionbetweentheinterestofnationandtheirown,Chineseheroesalwayschoosetosacrificethemselves.BothLiuHulanandDongCunruiarehouseholdnamesinChina.Liuwasa15-year-oldgirlkilledbytheenemyin1947forbeingactivelyinvolvedinliberationofChina.AndDongwasasoldierwhoblewofftheenemyblockhousebyholdingapackofexplosivesinhishandandkilledhimselfintheexplosion.However,itisopentoquestionwhethertheycanstillberolemodelstodaysincethecriteriaforheroeshavediversifiedalongwiththepassageoftime.UNIT2汉语常被认为是一种非常古老的语言。从某种意义上说，这种说法不免失之偏颇。人类所有的语言都可追溯到朦胧的史前时期(prehistory)，但目前我们还无法确定这些语言是否都同宗同源。五千年前华夏祖先说汉语的方法同英语人士的祖先说英语的方式大致相似。而从另一种意义上说，汉语确实也是一种很古老的语言。今天所存留下来的最早的汉字已有近四千年的历史。这些文字均为甲骨雕文(incisionsonbonesandtortoiseshell)。Chineseisoftentermedasaveryoldlanguage.Inasensesuchastatementismisleading.Allhumanlanguagesgobacktothedimuncertaintyofprehistory,andatpresentwehavenowayofknowingforsurewhetherornottheycanallbetracedbacktothesameroot.FivethousandyearsagotheancestorsofChinesepeoplespokeanearlyformofChineselanguageinmuchthesamewaythattheancestorsofEnglish-speakingpeoplewereusingEnglish.Inanothersense,however,Chineseisindeedaveryoldlanguage.TheearliestwrittenformsofChineseinexistencetodaydatebacknearly4,000years.Thesewritingsareincisionsonbonesandtortoiseshell.UNIT3去年年底公布的一次全国范围的调研结果描绘了18至19岁的一代青年人对公众事件漠不关心的现象。这一代青年与以前的青年相比，所知的更少，所关心的更少，也更少评论领导人和社会制度。这一代人对政治、政府乃至有关外面世界的新闻报道的冷漠态度已经开始影响中国的政治和社会。至今还没有人能充分地解释这一现象。也许缺乏能鼓动人心的事件，家庭的衰落以及网络的兴起可以解释一二。年轻人自己则认为这是公民教育的缺陷引起，并且不断地谈到他们的压力—对就业和成绩全力以赴的关注以及对职业前景的担忧。Thefindingsofanationalstudyreleasedlatelastyearpaintaportraitofagenerationofyoungadults,from18to19yearsofage,whoareindifferenttowardpublicaffairs.Itisagenerationthatknowsless,caresless,andislesscriticalofitsleadersandinstitutionsthanyoungpeopleinthepast.Theindifferenceofthisgeneration-topolitics,togovernment,eventonewsabouttheoutsideworld-isbeginningtoaffectChinesepoliticsandsociety.Noonehasyetofferedafullexplanationwhythisshouldbeso.Thelackofmobilizingissuesispartoftheanswer,asarethedeclineofthefamilyandtheriseofinternet.Youngpeoplethemselvesmentiontheweaknessoftheirciviceducation,andtheytalkincessantlyofstress-theirpreoccupationwithgettingjobsorgradesandtheirconcernabouttheirjobprospects.UNIT4最近几年，出国留学的人有不断上升的趋势。许多中国学生想要了解西方的文化和商业经济。然而，也有一些学生想要移民出去。开始时他们可能觉得挺开心，但随着时间的推移，他们会觉得在一个不同文化的国家生活非常困难，或感觉受到不平等待遇。为了拿到绿卡，他们不惜一切代价地拼命工作。然而当他们拿到了绿卡，他们可能发现真正的问题在于一些人因为他们是亚洲人而歧视他们。这使得中国人在国外生活非常艰难。Inrecentyears,studyingabroadhasflourished.ManyChinesestudentswanttolearnmoreaboutwesterncultureandbusiness.However,somestudentswanttostudyabroadinordertomovethere.Theymightbehappyatthebeginning,butastimegoesbytheymightfindlivinginadifferentcultureverydifficult.Theymightalsofindthattheyaren'ttreatedasequals.Inordertogetagreencardsomepeoplewillworkhardandpourtheirheartandsoulintothisendeavor.Whentheygetthegreencard,however,theymightdiscoverthatsomepeoplediscriminateagainstthembecausetheyareAsians,whichmakesitdifficultforChinesetoliveabroad.UNIT5中国人的消费态度发生了巨大转变。随着旅游增多，中国人不但开阔了视野，接触到的奢侈品范围也更加宽广。一旦出国，他们最热衷的活动就是购物。许多奢侈品公司视中国消费者为一个潜在的庞大消费群体：重视地位，日益富裕，渴望名牌，狂热消费。据估计，现在约有1000到1300万大陆人消费奢侈品，主要是企业家和在跨国公司工作的年轻专业人士。InChina,attitudestoconsumptionhavechangeddramatically.AstheChinesetravelmore,theyarebroadeningnotonlytheirmindsbutalsotherangeofluxurygoodstheycomeintocontactwith.Onceabroad,theirfavouriteactivityseemstobeshopping.ManyluxuryfirmsseeChineseshoppersasapotentiallyhugegroupofstatus-conscious,increasinglywealthypeoplehungryforbrandsandfanaticalaboutshopping.It’sestimatedtherearenowaround10m-13mmainlandcustomersforluxurygoods—mostlyentrepreneursandyoungprofessionalsworkingformultinationalfirms.UNIT6重阳节(DoubleNinthFestival)是一个中国的传统节日，每年农历的9月初9，人们都会登高，赏菊(chrysanthemum)，敬老。根据《易经》(TheBookofChanges)的阴阳学说，9是代表阳的，这就是为什么那天被称为“重阳”。1988年，中国政府把那天定为“老人节”。在节日的当天，晚辈们要向长辈们表示尊敬和爱戴，祝他们健康，长寿。在中国的某些地方，那天还是纪念祖先的日子。TheDoubleNinthFestivalisatraditionalChinesefestivalcelebratedonthe9thoftheninthlunarmonthwhenpeoplegoouttoclimbhighmountains,enjoythechrysanthemumandshowtheirrespecttotheseniors.AccordingtoTheBookofChanges,basedonthetheoryofYinandYang,9isthefigurethatrepresents“Yang”.That’swhyithasthename“ChongYangFestival”.In1998,Chinesegovernmentsetthatdayas“Seniors’Day”.Onthatday,thejuniorsshowtheirrespectandlovetotheirseniors,wishthemtohaveahealthyandlonglife.InsomeplacesinChina,itisalsoanoccasiontoremembertheirancestors.