(完整)朗文英语听说教程1

PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT#朗文英语听说教程（一）QuizUnit1Happinessa.WhichpeoplearehappyWhatmakespeoplehappyHowpeopledefinehappinessa.Theylikeeverything.Theywanttochange.Theyaresatisfied.a.Theyhavefewproblems.Theydon’tworrymuch.Theyhavenegativeattitudes.a.GoodrelationshipsAsuccessfulcareerAlotofmoneyDescribehowpsychologistslearnedwhatmakespeoplehappy.Whatthreepersonalityfactorsdohappypeoplehave?AnswerKey1.b2.c3.b4.aPsychologistsaskedhundredsofpeoplehowhappytheyare.Thentheyaskedquestionstofindoutabouttheirpersonalities.Theylookedatthedifferencesbetweenhappypeopleandunhappypeople.Happypeoplearesatisfiedwiththemselves.Theyarealsooptimisticabouttheirproblems.Inaddition,theyhavegoodrelationshipswiththeirfriendsandfamily.Unit2NewKindsofFood(1’:50”)a.FreshfoodDangerousfoodAlteredfooda.StrawberriesApplesBananasa.Itneedsfewerpesticides.Itgrowsinlessspace.Itdominatestheenvironment.a.Itmaystayfreshlonger.Itmaybemoreexpensive.Itmaybeharmfultopeople.Whatarethreebenefitsofgeneticallymodifiedfood?Whatarethreerisksofgeneticallymodifiedfood?AnswerKey1.c2.a3.a4.cGeneticallymodifiedfoodneedsfewerpesticides.Geneticallymodifiedfood/plantsgrowbetterthannormal.Inaddition,theystayfreshlongeraftertheyareharvested.Geneticallymodifiedfood/plantsmaydominateotherplantsintheenvironment.Also,theymighthurtwildanimalsandinsects.Theymightevenhurtthepeoplewhoeatthem.:02Unit3PublicArt(2a.ArtinmuseumsArtinpeople’shousesArtinpublicplacesa.SpoonbridgeandCherry(spoonandcherry)Non-Violence(guninknot)Peace(womanonhorse)a.PublicartSurrealismPeacea.TomakepeoplegotomuseumsTomakeartistsmorepopularTomakepublicplacesmorebeautifulWhatispopart?Giveanexample.Whatissurrealisticart?Giveanexample.AnswerKey1.c2.c3.c4.cPopartshowsthingspeopleseeintheireverydaylives.SpoonbridgeandCherry,thesculptureofalargespoonwithacherry,isanexampleofpopart.Surrealisticartshowsthingsthatarestrangeorimpossible.Non-Violence,thesculptureofaguntiedinaknot,isanexampleofsurrealisticart.Unit4JourneytoAntarcticaa.From1912to1914From1914to1916From1916to1918a.SouthGeorgiaIslandElephantIslandArgentinaa.Everyonedied.Somewererescued.Everyonewasrescued.a.ItreachedAmerica.ItsanknearAntarctica.ItreturnedtoLondon.WhatwasthegoalofShackleton’sJourney?Didhesucceed?WhatdidShackletonandhiscreweatwhentheywerelivingonice?AnswerKey1.b2.a3.c4.bShackleton’sgoalwastobethefirstpersontowalkacrossAntarctica.Hedidn’tsucceed.First,theyatesuppliesfromtheship.Thentheyhuntedanimalsinthearea.Finally,theykilledandatetheirdogs.Unit5ViolenceonTelevision(2’:11”)a.ThreetofourhoursadayThreetofourhoursaweekThirtytofortyhoursaweeka.MoviesCartoonsThenewsa.About1,000About10,000About100,000a.TVviolenceislinkedtorealviolence.TVviolenceisnotharmfulforchildren.TVviolenceisincreasingintheUnitedStates.HowdidresearchersstudytheimmediateeffectsofTVviolenceonchildren?Howdidresearchersstudythelong-termofTVviolenceonchildren?AnswerKey1.a2.b3.c4.aTheresearchersshowedchildrenaTVshowofachildhittingandkickingadoll.Thentheyleftthechildrenalonewithadoll.Thechildrenhitandkickedthedoll.ThisstudyshowedthatchildrendowhattheyseeonTV.Theresearchersstudiedhowmuchviolenttelevisionsomechildrenwatchedatageeight.Thentheystudiedthesamechildrenatageeighteen.ThechildrenwhowatchedalotofviolenceTVweremoreviolentatageeighteen.Unit6TooOldtoLearn?(2’:06”)a.BeforethecriticalperiodDuringthecriticalperiodAfterthecriticalperioda.SeeEatMeowa.SeeEatSinga.TheabilitytohearsoundsTheabilitytopronouncesoundsThesizeofthebrainDefinecriticalperiod.Giveanexample.Whatisdifficultforadultlanguagelearners?Why?AnswerKey1.b2.a3.c4.bThecriticalperiodiswhenananimalorhumancanlearnanewskill.Forexample,inhumansthereisacriticalperiodforlanguagelearning.Adultsfinditdifficulttopronouncesoundscorrectly.Therefore,theymayneverlearntospeakanewlanguagewithanativeaccent.Unit7AreWeAlone?(2’:15”)a.IntelligentbeingsOthergalaxiesRocketshipsa.Theyhavereceivedsignalsfromotherplanets.Theyhaveseenrocketsfromotherplanets.Theybelieveotherplanetscouldsupportlife.a.BysendingoutradiosignalsBylisteningforradiosignalsBysendingoutrocketsa.Radiosignalstravelquicklyandhaveashortrange.Radiosignalstravelquicklyandhavealongrange.Radiosignalstravelslowlyandhavealongrange.Howfastdoradiosignalstravel?Howlongisneededforaradiosignaltotravelfromthenearestgalaxytoearth?Whydoesn’ttheSETIprojectuserocketstolookforintelligentlife?AnswerKey1.a2.c3.b4.bRadiosignalstravelatthespeedoflight.Aradiosignaltravelsaboutfouryearsfromthenearestgalaxytoearth.Rocketshipsarerestrictedtotravelinginonedirection.Andtheyaremuchslowerthanradiosignals.Unit8DotheRightThing(1’:55”)a.Dowhatisbestformostpeople.Dowhatisbestforeverybody.Dowhatisbestforyourself.a.Takecareofotherpeople.Dowhatisbestforyourself.Makeyourowndecisions.a.AristotleKantBenthama.TheprincipleofindividualrightsTheprincipleofindividualgoodTheprincipleofcommongoodExplainwhythefriendinthelecturewantedtolietothedyingwoman.Useanethicalprincipletoexplainhowthefriendcanjustifylyingtothedyingwoman.AnswerKey1.a2.c3.b4.cThefriendthoughtspendingalotofmoneyonanexpensivefuneralwasawasteofmoney.Hewantedtogivethemoneytoaschoolforhomelesschildren.Followingtheprincipleofcommongood,thefriendwillhelpmorepeopleifhegivesthemoneytotheschoolforhomelesschildren.Theonlypersonhemighthurtisthedyingwoman.Unit9AGoodNight’sSleepa.FromwatchingpeoplesleepFromsurveysaboutsleephabitsFrombooksaboutsleephabitsa.OurmodernlifestyleFeelingtiredHealthproblemsa.CaraccidentsWatchingTVFamilyproblemsa.SeventeenTwentyFiftyHowhastechnologyaffectedoursleephabits?Howdoesfeelingsleepyaffectpeopleatwork?AnswerKey1.b2.a3.a4.cAhundredyearsago,peopledidn’tstayuplatebecausetherewasnotmuchtodo.However,todaywecanstayuplateworking,watchingTV,orusingtheInternet.Whenpeoplearesleepyatwork,theydon’tthinkclearlyandcanmakemistakes.Thesemistakescancostalotofmoneyorcauseaccidents.Unit10NegotiatingforSuccessa.SolvingtheproblemTalkingaboutfeelingsUsing“I”statementsa.ToexplainyouropinionTosolvetheproblemToavoidblamingothersa.Thepersonstopscommunicating.Thepersonacceptstheblame.Thepersonsolvestheproblem.a.TheissueinthenegotiationPeople’sfeelingsaboutthenegotiationThepeopleinthenegotiationExplaintheexampleofconflictinthelecture.Whohasaconflict?Whatisitabout?Giveanexampleofastatementblaminganotherperson.Thenrewritethestatementusingan“I”statement.AnswerKey1.c2.c3.a4.bTwoco-workershaveaconflict.Theyareworkingonaprojecttogether.Onepersonisn’tfinishinghisworkontime.Astatementblaminganotherpersonis“Youaren’tdoingyourwork,Joe.”An“I”statementis“I’mworriedbecausetheworkisn’tdone.”Unit11RiskingIta.FlyinginanairplaneDrivingacarRidingabicyclea.BeinginanearthquakeDrivingacarFlyinginanairplanea.GoingoutinthesunLivingnearanuclearpowerplantFlyinginanairplanea.BeinginanearthquakeFlyinginanairplaneWalkingdownstairsExplainthedifferencebetweenactualandperceivedrisk.Giveanexample.Explainthedifferencebetweencontrolledanduncontrolledrisk.Giveanexample.AnswerKey1.a2.b3.a4.cAnactualriskistherealriskofbeinghurtorkilled.Aperceivedriskistheriskpeoplefeel.Forexample,somepeoplefeelthatflyingismoredangerousthandriving.However,morepeoplearekilledincaraccidentsthaninairplaneaccidents.Acontrolledriskisariskpeoplecancontrol.Anuncontrolledriskisarisktheycan’tcontrol.Forexample,peopleareincontrolwhentheyaredriving.However,thepilotisincontrolwhentheyareflyinginanairplane.Unit12TheElectronicBraina.From1943to1945From1953to1955From1963to1965a.TheU.S.ArmyIBMMauchlyandEckerta.FivehundredFivethousandFivemilliona.Thesizeofan1,800-square-footroomThesizeofan2,500-square-footroomThesizeofan5,000-square-footroomWhywasENIACbuilt?WhydidMauchlyandEckertwanttoworkonENIAC?AnswerKey1.a2.c3.b4.aDuringWorldWar错误!未找到引用源。,theU.S.Armywasdoingscientificprojects.Womenusedaddingmachinestodothecalculationsbyhand.However,thisprocesswasslowandtherewereerrors.Thearmywantedawaytodofasterandbettercalculations.Mauchlywasaphysicist.Hewantedtobuildacomputerthatcouldpredicttheweather.Eckertwasanelectricalengineeringstudent.Helikedtobuildcomplexelectronicmachines.13