新视野大学英语第二版第一册Unit6剖析

111Lead-inWritingTextofStructureWordsandExpressionsTheTrashmanI.Lead-inTextStudy—UnderstandingWhatisyouridealjobinfuture?Why?2.Haveyoueverconsideredtobecomeatrashman?GiveyourreasonsCriteriaforanidealjobdecencypersonalinterestprospecthandsomesalaryATrashman’sRoutineWorkPeopleincitiescannotlivewithouttrashmen.Doyouknowatrashman’sroutineworkandwhattheydumpeveryday?Whatisatrashman’sroutinework?walkupanddownastreetenterthegardensofhousescollectadustbintakeitouttothedustcartandemptyitreplacethebinfromexactlywhereitcamenormallysufferfrombeinglookeddownuponGarbage:theby-productsofanimalorvegetablefoodstuffs.Litter:man-madeorusedsolidwaste.Householdtrash:paper,dust,rags,bottles,discardedtoys…YardBulkyHouseholdTrash:wastedstoves,washers,sofas,carpetsandsimilaritems.recyclableOrUnrecyclable?Twotrash-menareveryexhaustedandragedbecauseoftheirworkastrash-manandpeople’sresponsestotheirgreeting.Buttheystillhavetheirownattitudestowardsthejob.Nowanswerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothisarticle.TextStudy—Understanding1.Whatistheworkofatrashmanlike?2.Howdidpeoplegenerallyrespondtogreetingfromatrashman?3.WhatisSteve’sattitudetohisownwork?TextStudy—Understanding4.Forwhatdidtheauthortakethejobatfirst?andhowdidhisattitudechangelater?5.Thoughtired,whydoestheauthordecidetocontinuethejob?6.WhatdoesthequotationfromJohnGardnermean?TextStudy—Understanding1.Theworkasatrash-man:haultrashfor4hourscontinuouslyshoulderhurtwickedlylegsoccasionallytremblednojoyinitdump,lift,walk,lift(tedious)2.People’sresponsetogreetingfromatrash-man:nothingasurprisedstarestartledretreatindoorsfrightenedcoldness3.Steve’sattitudetohisownwork:nothingdoitforthemoney,nottheonlyworkhecandonotbeashamedofit,butnotboastaboutitnotdirtyasgoodasweare4.Theauthor’schangeofmind:Atfirstformoneylaterbeproudofitasnecessaryasthatofapoliceofficerorafirefighter5.Author’sdecisiontocontinuehisownwork:greatexerciseoutdoorsincleanairnotdirtyonthejobessentialtaskleavethiscountryalittlecleaner6.ThemeaningofJohnGardner’squotation:Weshouldgiveproperrespecttopeoplewhateverjobtheydo.TextStructureParas1-3IntroductionParas4-11WriterandSteve’sexperiencesParas12-13Writer’sattitudeParas14ConclusionExpressions&Patternshaulvt.pullormovesomethingfromoneplacetoanother拖，拉，托运TranslationHehauledhisluggagetothenearestmotel.他把行李拖到最近的旅馆Alorryhauledthecaroutofthemud.一辆卡车把汽车拖出了泥坑1.solid:a.withoutbreaks对比:sharp:adv.punctuallyEg.Pleasebehereatsevensharp.请七点整到这里.IwassotiredthatIsleptfortwelvesolidhours我太累了，睡了整整12个小时Translation我等了整整三个小时才回家Iwaitedforthreesolidhoursandthenwenthome.continuous:a.happeningorexistingwithoutstoppingTranslationTherewasacontinuouslineofcarsstretchingformiles.车队绵延数英里。大脑需要不断供血Thebrainneedsacontinuoussupplyofblood.continuous,continual,constantcontinuousdescribesthingandeventsthatgoonwithoutstoppingorwithoutbeinginterrupted.continual(一再重复的)describesseparate,oftenannoying,actions,whicharerepeatedoveraperiodoftime.constant(经常的，不断发生的)describessomethinghappeningregularlyorallthetime.*Fillintheblanksusingcontinual(ly),continuous(ly)andconstant(ly).1.Iamtiredofthewayhe____________complainsabouteverything.2.Theplanelandedafterflying________________for16hours.3.Thisentranceisin___________use;donotblockit.continuallycontinuouslyconstant3.imagine:vt.formamentalimageof(sth)想象imagine—想象imaginable—能想象的，可想象到的imaginary—假象的，虚构的imaginative—富有想象力的Practice－Allthetroublesare_________.－an__________writer－every_____________means－Ididn’t__________becomingawriterinmychildhood.imaginaryimaginativeimaginableimagine4.dump:vt.dropcarelessly,throwaway倾倒,抛弃dumpsomebody把某人给甩了.anti-dumping反倾销TranslationDon’tdumpthesandinthemiddleofthepath。别把沙子倒在路中央。这些工厂把那么多的废物排入河中，致使河水受到了污染。Thefactoriesdumpedsomuchwastematerialintotheriversthatthewaterbecamepolluted.5.route:n.awayfromoneplacetoanother路线route,road,way,streetroute意为“路线，通常是迂回的，可以包括数条道路或街道，有时甚至包括小路、小巷，使用范围较广。road意为“路，道路”，指供车辆或行人通过的大道，两侧一般没房子。way意为“道路”，指任何可以通行的路，含义较抽象。口语中问路时常用way。way还可指“路程；距离”street意为“街道”，指城镇、乡村任何两旁有房子的路。“在街上”可以说on the street,也可以说in the street,前者是美国英语，后者是英国英语。Examples:The car is running along the road.汽车沿（着这条道）路行驶。There are many shops in the street.街上有许多商店。I asked the way to the station.我打听去车站的路。It was a long way from here.路（程）很远。That postman is in charge of this route.那个邮递员负责这条投递线路。This bus route covers a large number of streets.这路公共汽车行经许多街道。so+be动词/情态动词/助动词+主语(某人也)示前一句中主语的肯定情况也适用于后者，在时态上应和前一句保持一致，但两句的主语应是不同的两人。例如：①“HeisaChinese.”“SoamI.”②“Tomcandance.”“SocanMary.”③“MotherwillgotoBeijing.”“SowillI.”④IhavebeentoAmerica.SohasLiLei.⑤ShelikesEnglish.Sodothey.⑥Lilyplayedbasketyesterday.SodidLucy.小小诊所：so前面的句子都是肯定句。若前面的句子是否定句,那就不能用so引导这个句子了,而应该用“Neither/Nor+be动词/情态动词/助动词+主语”(某人也不）“Neither/Nor+be动词/情态动词/助动词+主语”(某人也不）表示前一句中主语的否定情况也适用于后者，前后两句的主语是不同的。①“Heisn’taChinese.”“NeitheramI.”②“Tomcan’tdance.”“NeithercanMary.”③“Motherwon’tgotoBeijing.”“NeitherwillI.”④Ihaven’tbeentoAmerica.NeitherhasLiLei.⑤Shedoesn’tlikeEnglish.Neitherdothey.⑥---Lilydidn’tplaybasketballyesterday.---NeitherdidLucy.⑦“Idon’tlikeplayingwiththatgirl.”“Neitherdoeshe.”“so+主语+be动词/情态动词/助动词”(的确如此）两句中的主语是同一人①---It’sabaddaytoday.---Soitis.②---JohnstudiesEnglishwell.---Sohedoes.巩固练习()1.---Iusedtogooutforawalkaftersupper.---____.A.SodoIB.SodidIC.NeitherdidID.SoIdid()2.---Shehasanicewatch.---___.A.SohassheB.SoshehasC.SodoessheD.Soshedoes()3.---Marywasn’tinvitedyesterday.---___.A.SowasIB.NeitherwasIC.SodidID.NeitherdidIBBD巩固练习()4.---Annhasmadegreatprogressrecently.---___and___.A.Sohasshe;sohaveyouB.Sohasshe;soyouhaveC.Soshehas;soyouhaveD.Soshehas;sohaveyouDIthoughtthismightmeanmoreexchangesasImadetheroundstoday.IthoughttheirstayingathomemightprovidemorechancesforexchanginggreetingsasIwentaroundcollectingtrashfromdoortodoortoday.exchange:ashortconversationTherewasanangryexchangebetweenthetwo.他们两个吵来吵去。他认真的听他们的谈话。Hewaslisteningcarefullytotheirexchanges.6.register:vi.1)realizeornoticesth.2)putone’snameonalistTranslation他告诉过我她的电话号码，但我没记住。Shetoldmehertelephonenumber,butitdidn’tregister.到目前为止，有多少人报名参加了英语考试？HowmanypeoplehaveregisteredfortheEnglishexamyet?7.peculiar:a.1)strange奇怪的2)(to)typicalofaparticularperson,place独特的1.Whatapeculiarthingtosay!怎么说这样怪的话！2.种族歧视问题并不是这个国家特有的。Theproblemofracismisnotpeculiartothiscountry.peculiar,strange,oddodd:strange,differentfromwhatisnormalorexpected,especiallyinawaythatyoudisapproveoforcannotunderstand:Eg:They'reanoddcouple./Therewassomethingoddabouthim.peculiar:strange,unfamiliar,oralittlesurprising:Eg:Therewasapeculiarsmellinthekitchen.ItseemsverypeculiarthatnoonenoticedKayhadgone.strange:notpreviouslyknown,seen,felt,etc;notfamiliarorofone’sown.Eg:Neveracceptdrinksfromstrangemen./inastrangecountry8.rage:1)v.shoutangrilyatsb.大怒,怒吼2)n.astrongfeelingofanger大怒,发火Steveragedspontaneouslyaboutthesethingsonthelongridetothedump.Stevetalkedangrilyaboutthesethingsonthelongwaytothedump.rageat/againstsb/sth动怒flyintoarage勃然大怒1.Oneofthecustomerswasragingather.一个顾客在对她大喊大叫Say“hello”andtheystareatyouinsurprise.Meaning:Ifyousayhellotothem,theywillgetsurprisedandstareatyouwithoutwords.Here“and”isusedtointroducearesult.Whenusedinthissense,thesentencebeginswithaverbandequalsan“If…”1.MoveagainandIwillkillyou.=Ifyoumoveagain,Iwillkillyou.2.Fiveminutesearlierandwecouldhavecaughtthetrain.=Ifwehadbeenfiveminutesearlier,wecouldhavecaughtthetrain.1.WhoareyoutosaywhatIshoulddo?你有什么权力说我该干什么？Whoareyoutosaywhatgoes?You’renothingbutatrashman.2.你有什么权力说我被解雇了？你又不是我的老板WhoareyoutosayI’mfired?Youarenotmybossatall.nothingbut:only你只不过是个贼。Youarenothingbutathief.Translationboast:v.talktoproudlyaboutone’sabilities,achievements,ect他吹牛说他能流利的说六种语言。Heboastedthathecouldspeaksixlanguagesfluently.TranslationPatterns:boastof/about::speaktooproudlyofIwishshewouldn’tboastaboutherfamilysomuch.我但愿她不要过分吹嘘自己的家庭Translation9.original:1)first,earliest.最初的2)newanddifferent新颖的,与众不同的1.TheoriginalownerofthehousewasaFrenchman.这房子原来的主人是个法国人。Therearenooriginalideasinhiswork.2.他的作品没有什么新意。Translationcontraryto:completelydifferentandopposedtoeachother与…相反的是Contrarytoallouradvice,hegaveuphisjob.1.他不听我们大家的劝告，辞去了工作。Contrarytowhatwehoped,heofferedusnohelpatall.2.与我们的希望相反，他没有帮我们什么忙TranslationIleftthiscountryalittlecleanerthanIfounditthismorning.Meaning:WhenIfinishedmyjobintheevening,Ifoundthecountrywascleanerthanithadbeeninthemorning.Pattern:leave+n.+a.(orv-ing/v-ed)1.Ilefttheroomclean.我离开时房间干干净净。2.Ilefthimwaitingatthestation.我把他留在车站等候。beinfor:begoingtoexperiencesomethingunpleasant.将遭遇Translation天气预报说将有风暴。1.Theweatherreportsaysweareinforastorm.You’llbeinfortroublewhentheyfindoutwhobrokethewindow.2.如果他们发现谁打破了窗户，你肯定会有麻烦。SummaryBothSteveandIare_____________afterfourhours’continuoushardwork.Theworkasatrash-manis_____.Dump.Lift.Walk.Lift.OnSaturday,wewanttoexchangegreetingswithpeople.However,we’re__________bythewaywearetreatedwith.Mostofpeople_____________us.Theythinkthejoboftrash-menisdirty,so___trash-men.Asamatteroffact,trash-menhavedonean_________work.It’strash-menwhomakethecountrycleanerandmorebeautiful!Peopleshould_______otherswhetherheisaneconomistoratrash-man.astonishedlookdownuponareessentialrespectboringexhaustedTranslation(中翻英)1.Thepolicegottothestationfiveminutesaftertheexplosion,andsodidthereporters.2.Evenifyoudisagreewithher,sheisworthylisteningto.3.Thenewsreportersweregivennothingbutbarefactsbytheofficialsinchargeoftheinvestigation.4.Theroomwaswelldecorated,butthecolorofthecurtaindidnotgowellwiththeoverallstyle.5.Wheneverwegobacktotheplacewheremyhusbandwasborn,wealwaysmaketheroundsofhisrelatives.6.Contrarytohishope,hisgirlfriend’sparentsarenotasapproachableashisparents英翻中1.我问过好几个服务员，可他们什么也没说，只朝着我笑，直到这时我才意识到我的英语不够好。2.校长对那位院长非常生气，进而解除了他的院长职务。3.如果你当着孩子朋友的面问这个问题，即使他想说：“是”也可能会说“不是”。4.如果你想毕业时获得学位，你要么别玩网上游戏，要么别去打零工。5.虽然他未接受过大学教育，他却瞧不起那些也没有大学学历的人。6.他曾就公司的管理问题提了好几个建议，但没一个管用。