大学英语-大学四级模拟(暂无语音，只提供参考976

大学英语-大学四级模拟(暂无语音，只提供参考976 大学四级模拟(暂无语音，只提供参考)976 Part ? Writing 1、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should We Give a Hand to the Strangers in Need of Help? You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part ? Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 2、 A. He fell ill on the jet plane. B. He has been working too hard. C. He went to bed too late last night. D. He hasn't adapted to the new time yet. 3、 A. The man doesn't have a strong enough will. B. The man loves horror films. C. The man will see the film anyway. D. The man studied for the whole night last night. 4、 A. Not to worry about the ticket. B. Buy a ticket at a higher price. C. Book an air ticket in advance. D. Wait for others to cancel their booking. 5、 A. The young man had some unusual problems. B. The problem is common for young people. C. It's not common for young men to leave home. D. It was a problem for John when he left home. 6、 A. Find out when the new job begins. B. Make more copies of the letter. C. Ask for an extension to apply for the job. D. Get a more recent reference letter. 7、 A. The teacher postponed the meeting. B. There won't be an exam this afternoon. C. The students will attend the meeting. D. The students will have a physical examination. 8、 A. James had a funny face. B. James liked to show off in class. C. James was late for school on the first day. D. James was the first person he met at school. 9、 A. There is no other woman there. B. It will ruin her plan of losing weight. C. She doesn't feel she will have fun there. D. She has planned to go to another restaurant. 10、 A. Rise. B. Fall. C. V-shape. D. Zigzag. 11、 A. To create stability in their lives. B. To embrace changes of thought. C. To adapt to the disintegrated family life. D. To return to the practice in the 60s and 70s. 12、 A. They were afraid of losing face. B. They were willing to stay together. C. They wanted to go against the trend. D. They feared the complicated procedures. 13、 A. They would have enjoyed a happier life. B. They would have had difficulty being promoted. C. They would have been shifted around the country. D. They would have tasted little bitterness of disgrace. 14、 A. It cannot start up. B. The brakes got loose. C. The engine tends to die. D. It cannot be stopped properly. 15、 A. There are so many cars waiting for repair. B. The repairman needs to check it again. C. The repairman is not available now. D. There are serious problems with it. 16、 A. He has made a lot of money. B. He has promised his son to buy a new one for him. C. It is a long distance from his home to the working place. D. He worries that the old one will cause trouble during the travel. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose tile best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Passage One 17、 A. He lost his father when he was young. B. He worked hard before he read his father's letter. C. He asked his father's permission to believe in himself. D. He knew what his father wanted to do from the very beginning. 18、 A. Living alone. B. Getting disappointed. C. Letting their parents down. D. Asking their parents for letters. 19、 A. He got no access to success. B. He was sure his parents loved him. C. He wrote back to his father at 12. D. He once asked his father about the letter. 20、 A. To describe children's thinking. B. To answer some questions children have. C. To stress the importance of communication. D. To advise parents to encourage their children. Passage Two 21、 A. Priority of students' academic achievements. B. Equal education opportunities to all children. C. Social equality between teachers and students. D. Respect for students' individuality. 22、 A. Efficient. B. Complicated. C. Lengthy. D. Democratic. 23、 A. To help them acquire hands-on experience. B. To try to cut down its operational expenses. C. To provide part-time jobs for needy students. D. To enable them to learn to take responsibility. Passage Three 24、 A. The best way to work through a finger maze. B. Individuals doing better in front of an audience. C. Researchers having contributed greatly to psychology. D. Improvements on the classification of human behavior. 25、 A. When you feel encouraged by the audience. B. When you try to figure out a confusing game. C. When you already know how to do something. D. When you complete with other people in a group. 26、 A. Practicing constantly. B. Working by oneself. C. Learning by doing. D. Using proved methods. Section C Direction: In the section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. The job of raising children is a tough one. Children don't come with an instruction in frustration, manual. And each child is different. So parents sometimes 27 not knowing what to do. But in raising children - as in all of life - what we do is influenced by our culture. Naturally then. American parents teach their children 28 American values. To Americans, the goal of parents is to help children 29 their own two feet. From the early years of their life, each child may get his or her own room. As children grow, they gain more 30 to make their own choices. Teenagers choose their own forms of entertainment, as well as the friends to 31 . When they reach adult age, they choose their own careers and marriage partners. Of course, many young adult still seek their parents' advice and 32 for the choices they make. But once they "leave the nest" at around 18 to 21 years old, they want to be on their own, not "tied to their mother's apron (围裙) strings." The relationship between parents and children in America is very 33 . American parents try to treat their children as individuals - not as 34 of themselves. They allow them to fulfill their own dreams. Americans praise and encourage their children to give them the 35 to succeed. When children become adults, their relationship with their parents becomes more like a friendship among equals. But contrary to 36 belief, most adult Americans don't make their parents pay for room and board when they come to visit. Even as adults, they respect and honor their parents. Part ? Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Urban life has always involved a balancing of opportunities and rewards against dangers and stress; its 37 force is, in the broadest sense, money. Opportunities to make money mean competition and competition is stressful; it is often at its most 38 in the largest cities, where opportunities are greatest. The presence of huge numbers of people 39 involves more conflicts, more traveling, the overloading of public services and exposure to those deviants (不正常的人) and criminals who are drawn to the rich pickings of great cities. Crime has always 40 in the relative anonymity (匿名) Of urban life, but today's ease of movement makes its 41 more difficult than ever; there is much evidence that its extent has a direct relationship to the size of communities. City dwellers may become 42 in their homes by the fear of crime around them. As a defense against these developments, city dwellers tend to use various 43 to try and reduce the pressures upon themselves: doors are kept locked; telephone numbers may be ex-directory; journeys outside the home are usually hurried, rather than a source of pleasure. There are other strategies, too, which are 44 harmful to the individual, for example, reducing awareness through drugs or alcohol. Furthermore, all these defensive forms of behavior are harmful to society in general; they cause 45 loneliness and destroy the community's concern for its members. Lack of informal social contact and 46 to the misfortunes of others are amongst the major causes of urban crime. A. widespread E. positively I. inevitable M. vigorously B. intense F. challenging J. solutions N. indifference C. strategies G. trapped K. motivating O. control D. flourished H. extensive L. combined Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. Suffering in Silence Despite a law designed to protect them, many people with disabling conditions are unaware of their rights. Carole Concha-Bell tells of her experiences. A. Being diagnosed with a disabling condition is always a shock. Learning to live without the guarantee of health is like having to unlearn a previous life. The implications for your working life may seem intimidating. B. There is the Disability Discrimination Act (DDA, of course. But does it really provide the protection in the workplace that parliament intended? Are employers merely paying lip service to the DDA? Or are they even aware of an employer's legal duties and responsibilities? In my experience, it is the latter. I have received little support from employers to whom I have revealed my condition. This has often left me feeling at a disadvantage and wondering why I bothered doing so in the first place. C. I had been struggling with illness long before I was diagnosed. In practical terms the diagnosis did little to aid me. Of course, it enabled me to understand my body, my limitations and set me on a course to stabilise my symptoms. But it brought a new dilemma. Where I had previously struggled to work while ill, ignorant of why my body was misbehaving, I now had a name for my daily struggle: Lupus (狼疮). This is a chronic (慢性的) auto-immune disorder that can affect virtually any system in the body. It also leaves a huge, dark question hanging over my head when seeking employment: should I tell my employers I have a condition? It is a dilemma that continues to be a root cause of anxiety both for myself and for thousands of other UK employees. D. The rocky road to my unfortunate enlightenment about work and disability began just after graduation when I'd set my sights on a career in communications and landed my dream job with a respected public relations consultancy (咨 询公司) in Bristol. But while I was learning the art of media relations, my body wasn't quite making it in health terms. I often went to work with swollen limbs and fevers. At my first and last performance review, my boss was amazed that, despite my many capabilities, I hadn't quite taken control of my responsibilities. A few months later, my contract wasn't renewed and I plunged further into new depths of ill health. E. However, I was determined not to be beaten and returned to the interview trail. My next job was in publishing. But despite a shining performance at the interview, I felt like a fraud. How long would it be before I sank into ill health and depression again? The job was to end with a monumental bang when I became so poorly I could no longer function. A few feverish weeks in bed ended in specialist appointment, where I was diagnosed with Lupus and rushed into hospital for fear that it may have attacked my internal organs. F. The next 12 months were filled with confusion. I had no idea about benefits, felt alienated (被视为另类) by the medical establishment and lived off my savings until I was broke. I realised I needed help from my family and moved to London. G. As soon as I felt better, I marched into a marketing recruitment consultancy and, within 10 minutes, I had impressed the interviewer enough to be offered a job with the agency. We agreed on a decent salary and I told him I had arthritis (关节炎) and would need to work a four-day week. Things went well at the start but soon the client meetings began to fall on my day off, and I rarely left the office on time. I began to slip both in health and professional terms. The 10-hour days crashed around my head; no amount of make-up could disguise my ill health as I battled against the odds to prove to myself that I could still make it in the business world. I often cried on the bus on the way back from work. Not long before my contract was due to be made permanent, I was called to the boss's office and given the "talk" about how my performance was slipping, how awful I looked. I felt too weak to fight back and agreed to leave. No attempts to offer adjustments to my job, such as being able to work from home, were ever made. I had a case for unfair dismissal under the DDA, but was ignorant of this at the time. H. An estimated 10 million people in the UK, or 17% of the population qualify for disability status under the DDA. I have encountered a number of them: the liver-diseased boss; the co-worker with a heart condition; and my asthmatic (哮喘的) trainee-teacher friend. None had disclosed (透露) their conditions to employers, and all were feeling the strain of not doing so. To access your rights under the DDA and to request "reasonable adjustments" to your working conditions or your workplace requires disclosure. I had warned my former employer about my condition but it served little purpose. They were ignorant about their obligations to their disabled staff. I. However, there are plenty of forward-thinking organisations that have inclusive recruitment policies; arc more likely to employ a worker with a disability; and arc more aware of their legal duties. The public sector outperforms the private, but not always the voluntary, according to studies for the Disabilities Rights Commission. I decided to give the voluntary sector a go and was surprised to be offered flexible working conditions and other solutions to meet my needs as an employee. But given the choice, I would still prefer a career in the private sector, which for me is more dynamic, has more attractive salaries and offers better prospects than the voluntary or public sectors. J. Despite the advances of the DDA, there will always be an army of workers who will soldier on, maybe aware of their rights but choosing to remain silent for personal reasons. It is important, though, to recognise the significance of the act, the protection it affords and the obligations that employers have to us as employees and as human beings. 47、 The author worked hard at the marketing recruitment consultancy in order to prove herself capable of success in the business world. 48、 When the author was diagnosed with Lupus, she was in a dilemma whether she should inform her employers of her disability status. 49、 When people are first diagnosed with a disabling condition, they immediately feel nervous about their work prospects. 50、 When the author was about to get a permanent contract in a marketing recruitment consultancy, she was dismissed unfairly again by the boss. 51、 The author stresses that it is important to recognize employers; obligations to their disabled employees. 52、 Although many people qualify for disability status in the UK, they would rather not inform their employers about the conditions. 53、 The author felt like a fraud when she got her second job in publishing, for she knew she would fall ill any time again. The author was offered flexible working conditions in the voluntary sector, 54、 but if she had a choice, she would still like to work in the private sector. 55、 When the author revealed her conditions to her employers, they did not give her the support she needed. 56、 The author lost her job at the public relations consultancy in Bristol because her performance was disappointing to her boss. Section C Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One America is changing its eating habits. As medical evidence mounts that we are indeed what we eat. consuming a healthier diet has become almost a national passion in the United States. The food forfitness phenomenon began in the late '70s when a U.S. Senate Committee on nutrition reached grim conclusion that six out of the ten leading causes of death - such as heart disease, cancer, and stroke - might be linked to diet. The government issued dietary guidelines advising Americans to eat a variety of foods, maintain proper weight, and limit intake of fat, salt, sugar, and alcohol. For most Americans, what to eat is a matter of personal choice, rather than one of supply. An excellent nationwide food distribution system assures that fresh produce is readily available in all parts of the country, regardless of the season. Taking advantage of this abundance (充足), many people are forsaking traditional meat-and-potatoes fare (饮食) in favor of lighter meals of salads, fruits, and vegetables. The single most dramatic change in the American diet has been a reduction in consumption of animal fat, which is thought to increase the risk of heart disease and may contribute to the high U.S. incidence of breast and colon cancer in U.S. Margarine (a fatty solid butter substitute) and vegetable oils have replaced butter and lard (i.e. white fat from pigs that is used in cooking) in many homes, and half of all milk now drunk in the United States is low-fat. Fish and poultry (i.e. birds such as chickens and ducks kept on farms in order to produce meat) are increasingly popular sources of protein as consumption of red meat declines. The food industry has responded to concern about fat by producing leaner cuts of meat and cholesterol-free (不含胆固醇的) substitutes for eggs. One of the most significant trends in the American way of eating is the healthful change in restaurant food. "One of every two meals in the United States is eaten outside the home," says Donna Watson, President of the American Dietetic Association. "Restaurants are making special efforts to provide low-fat, low-salt, and low-calorie items." Salad bars, loaded with flesh greens and raw fruits and vegetables, are found everywhere, even alongside the burgers and French fries in fast. food restaurants. Most important, the focus on prudent diet has led to an unprecedented national quest for a healthier life style. Americans are smoking less, exercising more, and experimenting with new ways to conquer stress. Eating sensibly, they have discovered, is only one important route to good health. 57、 What is suggested in the guidelines by the U.S. government? A. The whole nation should be on diet for health. B. Foods rich in fat should be limited in people's diet. C. Eating is obviously a matter of life and death. D. Having a variety of food helps people lose weight. What does the author say about the choice of food in the U.S.? 58、 A. People have more choices when fruits and vegetables are in season. B. People prefer traditional foods to foods which are very low in fat. C. People tend to choose salads because vegetables are more readily available. D. People can choose what they want thanks to the sufficient supply of food. 59、 What do people do to cut the consumption of animal fat? A. They use vegetable oils instead of lard. B. They give up the use of butter in food preparation. C. The food industry produces low-fat milk only. D. They abandon the diet that contains meat. 60、 How do restaurants respond to people's pursuit of a healthier diet? A. They are negative toward the trend. B. They take positive action accordingly. C. They are indifferent to people's needs. D. They oversupply food made of vegetables. 61、 According to the passage, "prudent" (Line 1, Para 5) most probably means ______. A. low-fat and protein-rich B. riskless C. sensible D. economical Passage Two Mayra Avila is looking forward to her high school prom (毕业舞会). Avila, 18, the West Potomac High School senior is, among hundreds of thousands of teenagers, getting a head start on an associate's or bachelor's degree - and saving on tuition - by taking college courses in high school. President Obama, who set the goal of having the United States claim the highest share of college graduates of any country by 2020, is counting on the success of students such as Avila, a Mexican immigrant whose parents never finished high school. One approach policymakers are harnessing to help students such as her is dual enrollment programmes that lower tuition and attract students who don't think college is within reach. The partnership between Fairfax County schools and Northern Virginia Community College sets Avila, one of six children, on a path to earn a bachelor's degree. She wants to study dental hygiene (口腔卫生学) at the community college in the fall and then transfer to Virginia Commonwealth University. Heading straight to a four-year university isn't an option. "If I had the opportunity, I would, but there's no money for it," Avila said. Her English credits will make college less expensive. She's paying reduced tuition and the high school buys the books. "As I tell kids and parents, it's the best deal since sliced bread," said Bruce Jankowitz, assistant principal at West Potomac High, which offers six dual-enrollment sessions in English and government, up from two last year. "These are kids who have not come from the orientation that college is in your future. It serves a niche (合适的地位) for students who are motivated to go to college - maybe they are the first in their family to go to college." Raising the rate depends on getting more minority students into higher education. In the decade leading up to 2014-15, public high schools are expected to produce about 207,000 more Hispanic graduates - a 54 percent jump, according to a report by the Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education. There will be more Asian and black graduates and fewer whites. 62、 The dual enrollment programmes intend to help students who ______. A. have foreign backgrounds B. cannot afford tuition fees C. have got outstanding academic records D. have a high passion to go to college 63、 What can we know about Avila from the first three paragraphs? A. She is a college student now. B. She plans to go to a four-year university. C. She prefers the community college to a four-year university. D. She will pay less college tuition than average. 64、 The word "opportunity" (Line 4, Para. 3) refers to ______. A. getting more English credits B. being able to learn dental hygiene C. being able to go to a four-year university D. going to a community college 65、 Which of the following may be an effective way for the U.S. to raise its college graduates rate according to the last paragraph? A. Helping more children of Mexican immigrants get higher education. B. Raising federal expenditure on college education. C. Reducing the number of white college students. D. Enabling more children of foreign origins to enter into college. 66、 This passage may be taken from an article entitled ______. A. College-High School Partnership Programme B. Immigrant Students in the U.S. C. Present Situation of Higher Education in the U.S. D. Avila, a Lucky Girl Part ? Translation Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 67、道教(Taoism)是土生土长的中国宗教。它与儒学和佛学并称“三教”，是中国哲学的重要组成 部分之一。中国的古代哲学家老子是道教的创始人。道教认为“阴”和“阳”是宇宙中对立又统一的自 然力量，并强调其相对的“稳定”，即“阴”和“阳”之间的和谐统一。江西的龙虎山作为道教的发源地 一直被认为是圣地，每年都有很多人前去朝拜(pilgrimage)。 答案: Part ? Writing 1、Should We Give a Hand to the Strangers in Need of Help? News was reported recently that, an old woman has fallen down and shouted for help, another woman standing beside warned a young man not to offer help so as to avoid being blackmailed by the elderly. This stow mirrors a common social phenomenon which has aroused concerns. The frequently occurrence of blackmail after a passer-by has offered help has discouraged people from doing good deeds. It is sad to see that giving a hand to the strangers has become increasingly risky. Indifference to needed people will lead to moral declining of the whole society. If we should always be passers-by, people in desperate need would even lose their lives. As far as I am concerned, I won't turn blind eyes to those needed strangers since ready to help others is a glorious tradition of our nation. Meanwhile, I will protect myself and offer help in an appropriate way. Only when I have a ready mind to help others that can I expect to be helped when I am in need. [解析] 本篇为议论文，考察的是学生对时下热点问题的看法。近两年由于极少数人讹诈施救者，导致 大众不敢见义勇为。如果遇到陌生人需要帮助，我们会因为这个担心而不伸出援手吗? 首先简要介绍目前存在的一种见义勇为者反被讹诈的社会现象。中间段落阐述因担心被讹诈而 不敢施以援手可能造成的不良影响。最后明对这种社会现象的看法和态度。 文章第一段先介绍了一则新闻，揭示社会现象——做好事可能被讹;第二段谈及自己对这一社会 现象的看法:不断发生的做好事被讹事件使得人们变得冷漠，由此可能导致社会道德水平下降;第三 段指出自己还是愿意去帮助别人，因为助人为乐是中华民族的传统美德。 第一段中blackmail意为“敲诈，讹诈”;第二段中doing good deeds意为“做好事”，moral declining意为“道德水平下降”;第三段中turn blind eyes to意为“对……置之不理”。 Part ? Listening Comprehension Section A 2、A [听力原文] W: I must have told Mike five times not to forget the meeting. And he still missed it. M: Well, you know Mike; everything's in one ear and out the other. Q: What can be inferred about Mike? 对话中男士提到everything's in one ear and out the other(左耳进右耳出)，选项 A中的doesn't always listen是对其的同义转述。 3、B [听力原文] W: Does John know the class is having a surprise party for him when he turns 21 this week? M: No. He thinks we are giving a retirement party for the dean. We've hidden the presents for him. Q: What are the man and woman planning? 对话中女士提到a surprise party for him when he turns 21(他21岁时为他办一个 派对，给他惊喜)。 4、A [听力原文] W: I'm afraid it will take at least three weeks to finish all the assignments. But it's almost the end of the semester. M: Fortunately, the final test will be held in five weeks. Q: What do the speakers say about the test? 对话中女士提到的it will take at least three weeks to finish all the assignments(完成所有的作业至少需要三周)和男士所说的the final test will be held in five weeks(期末考试五周后才会举行)表明，作业完成后还有时间准备期末考试。 5、B [听力原文] M: This room is so crowded. I can hardly hear and I can't see a thing. W: I don't understand why they didn't have this show in a larger theatre. Q: What are they complaining about? 对话中男士提到的room is so crowded(房间太挤了)和女士说的why they didn't have this show in a larger theatre(他们为何不在一个更大的剧院演出)表明，二人都在抱怨剧 院太小。 6、D [听力原文] M: That new position requires a letter of reference. I guess the one that my professor wrote for me last year should be fine, don't you think so? W: It's a little dated though. You might want to submit a current one. Q: What does the woman suggest the man do? 女士提到submit a current one，其中的one替代男士提到的a letter of reference， 由此可知，女士建议男士提交一份新的推荐信。 7、B [听力原文] W: Shall we have a physics exam this afternoon? M: It is postponed because the teacher has to attend a meeting. Q: What do we learn from this conversation? 对话中男士提到It is postponed because the teacher has to attend a meeting(老 师要开会，所以考试延期了)，即当天下午学生不用考试了。 8、C [听力原文] W: Do you know James? He's in your class. M: Certainly. In fact, he was the first person I got to know in my class. I still remember the look on his face when he showed up late on the first day of school. Q: Why did the man remember James so well? 男士的话he showed up late on the first day of school(他上学第一天迟到了)为 听音重点。选项C中的late for school on the first day是对男士的话的同义转述。 9、B [听力原文] M: The team leader says he's inviting us to go to the restaurant around the corner to celebrate the success on our last project. Are you coming with us? W: I would love to, but that would ruin my plan of losing weight. You guys have fun there. Q: Why does the woman refuse to go with the man? 女士提到的that would ruin my plan of losing weight与选项B的内容一致。 10、B [听力原文] W: Mr. Glieberman, do you see any change in the high rate of broken marriages? M: The divorce rate is beginning to level off and probably will begin to drop in the next year or two, though not significantly. W: Why is it so? M: The tightened economy has made it more difficult for troubled couples to handle all the costs associated with setting up separate households. W: Is there any other reason? M: Yes. I believe there is a comeback of thought after the turbulent 60s and 70s that the family does have value. In the midst of change and family disintegration, people seem to have more desire now to create stability in their lives. W: What is the divorce rate now? M: About one in three marriages ends in divorce, a ratio far higher than it was twenty years ago when the philosophy was "we will tough it out no matter what" . Society demands that for appearance's sake we stay together. Divorce no longer carries much disgrace. W: Could you give us an example? M: Yes. There is no way, for example, that Ronald Reagan, a divorced man, could have been elected president in 1960. And there are countless other divorced politicians who, years ago, would have been voted out of office if they had even considered a divorce, let alone gotten one. The same was true in the corporate structure where divorced people rarely moved up the executive ladder. Now corporations welcome a divorced man. W: Why? M: Because they can shift him around the country without worrying about relocating his family or making certain that they are happy. Which word best describes Mr. Glieberman's prediction of the change in the divorce rate? 对话中男士提到The divorce rate...probably will begin to drop in the next year or two，B选项中的fall与drop对应。【背诵点】level off,呈平稳状态。 11、A [听力原文] What do people nowadays desire to do concerning their marriage? 根据男士提到的people seem to have a greater desire now to create stability in their lives可以推断出答案。 12、A [听力原文] Why did some people choose not to divorce 20 years ago? 根据男士提到的...twenty years ago...Society demands that for appearance's sake we stay together表明，20年前人们为了面子不离婚，也就是说离婚会让他们丢面子。【背 诵点】for appearance's sake，装样子。 13、B [听力原文] What do we know about a divorced man in a company years ago from the conversation? 男士提到The same was true in the corporate structure where divorced people rarely moved up the executive ladder,选项B中的had difficulty being promoted 为rarely moved up the executive ladder的同义转换。 14、C [听力原文] M: Carol, did you take the car to the garage today? W: Yes, I did. Still at that garage that we used to get the car repaired. M: What did the repairman say? And every time I start it up, the engine runs for a minute or so, and then dies, so that it is very oil-consuming. W: The man said the plugs were bad. He checked it very carefully and said that the brakes should be fixed, too. I told him to go ahead. M: How much is it going to cost all together? W: That depends. And it may take a little long time to get the car back, because so many cars are on the list of repair. M: Well, I asked Ed to stop by in the morning. I'll ride to work with him. How are you going to work? W: It does some inconveniences for me, but don't worry about that. You see, 1 can take the bus or cab. M: I think I'd better start working some overtime. We need a new car. W: Do you think so? M: Well, we have promised our son drive to California next summer; I don't want something that's going to have trouble. W: Maybe we should wait a couple of years and just go to New York next summer, or we could visit your mother in Chicago. M: No, the kids really want to go and we've been planning it for so long. W: Well, we may save the money to buy a new one. What's the problem of the car according to the man? 男士提到的the engine runs for a minute or so，and then dies表明，汽车的引 擎经常熄火。 15、A [听力原文] Why can't the speakers get the car back soon? 女士提到的may take a little long time to get the car back，because so many cars are on the list of repair表明，她无法很快把车取回来是因为多车在等着修。 16、D [听力原文] Why does the man plan to buy a new car? 男士提到的we have promised our son to drive to...，I don't want something that's going to have trouble表明，男士打算买车是因为担心汽车在旅行途中出毛病。 Section B Passage One 17、A [听力原文] Since the day I was 12 and first read his letter, some of his words have lived in my heart. One part always stands out. "Right now, you are pretending to be a time-killer. But I know that one day, you will do something great." Knowing that my dad believed in me gave me permission to believe in myself: "You will do something great." He didn't know what that would be, and neither did I, but at times in my life when I've felt proud of myself, I remember his words and wish he were here so I could ask, "Is this what you were talking about, Dad? Should I keep going?" A long way from 12 now, I realize my father would have been proud when I made any progress. Lately, though, I've come to believe he'd want me to move on to what comes next: to be proud of, and believe in, someone else. It's time to start writing my own letters to my children. Our children look to us with the same unanswered question we had. Our kids don't hold back because they're afraid to fail - they're only afraid of failing us. They do not worry about being disappointed. Their fear - as mine was until my father's letter - is of being a disappointment. Give your child permission to succeed. If you don't have children, then write a letter to someone who looks up to you. You know who they are. They're writing for you to believe in them. I always knew my parents loved me. But trust me: That belief will be more complete, that love will be more real, and their belief in themselves will be greater if you write the words on their hearts: "Don't worry; you'll do something great." Not having that blessing from their parents may be the only thing holding them back. What happened to the speaker as mentioned in the passage? 短文中提到的He wrote me a letter... I was 12...表明，说话者的父亲知道自己活 不过45岁，于是给说话者写了一封信，当时他12岁。由此可知，说话者很小的时候父亲就去世了。 18、C [听力原文] According to the speaker, what are children afraid of? 短文中提到的Our kids...they're only afraid of failing us 和Their fear...is of being a disappointment表明，孩子们担心的是让父母失望。选项C的Letting their parents down是原文failing us的同义转述。 19、B [听力原文] What do we know about the speaker from the passage? 短文中提到的I always knew my parents loved me表明，说话者相信自己的父母深爱着 自己。 20、D [听力原文] What is the main purpose of the passage? 短文讲述父亲给“我”写信，说他相信“我”，于是“我”有了自信，不断取得成功，而后也写信表 达自己对子女的信任。说话者以此说明父母应当对自己的孩子加以鼓励这一道理。 Passage Two 21、C [听力原文] Sun School, in the town of Ashbea in England, is a dayschool for children aged 10 to 18. It is based on the value of social equality between students and staff, and has few rules. Sun School believes that the healthy growth of a child is more important than academic success. It offers a variety of lessons and activities for students to choose from and free time for children to follow their own interests. Classes are small and based on the individual needs of each child. The timetable is fixed but democratically decided, and students are expected to attend. The weekly school meeting is at the centre of the Way Sun School is organised. It makes all the decisions that affect the school, including rules, the timetable and accepting or rejecting new students and teachers. Participating in these meetings gives the children an understanding of democratic decision-making and helps them develop their skills of argument and persuasion. The most important advantage of the school meeting is that it shows the children that the school's really theirs. They have the fight to decide on changes. And the school's success or failure depends on their decisions and their behaviour. Sun School employs no cooking or cleaning staff. These jobs are done by the students and teachers. Decorating and simple repairs are also done by the students. It is believed that for the school to truly belong to those who use it, they must take responsibility for its maintenance. What value is Sun School based on? 短文开头提到，阳光学校(Sun School)的办学价值观是以学生和员工之间的社会平等为基准 (based on the value of social equality between students and staff)，由此可 知答案。 22、D [听力原文] What is characteristic of the school's decision making process? 文中提到，阳光学校每周都会开会，参加这些会议让孩子们对民主决策有所了解(gives the children an understanding of democratic decision-making)，由此可知学校在做决 策时体现的一个特点就是民主(democratic)。 23、D [听力原文] Why does Sun School ask students to do its maintenance? 短文结尾处提到，阳光学校没有雇用炊事人员及清洁人员，装修和简单的修理等工作都是由学 生和老师亲力亲为，因为学校认为他们才是学校的真正所有者，必须承担起维护学校的责任(they must take responsibility for its maintenance)。可见，学校让学生负责校园的维护， 是为了让他们学着承担起责任。 Passage Three 24、B [听力原文] Well, to continue, as I mentioned earlier, there is also research that demonstrates that individuals perform worse, not better, on tasks when other people are there. R. W. Harburt did an interesting experiment. He had his subjects learn a finger maze. This is a game, in which you indicate with your finger the way through a complex system of passages or paths. The subjects who had an audience did worse than the subjects who did alone. Now how can we explain these very different results? It seemed very confusing for a long time. Social - psychologist, John Roberts, finally cleared up the confusion about why people sometimes perform better and sometimes worse in front of an audience. Roberts found that the presence of an audience facilitates what you already know how to do. That is, if you know what you are doing, having an audience helps you do it better. But if you don't already know how to do something, you will probably make some mistakes and you will make mistakes for a longer time if you have an audience. That's exactly what happened to the subjects who were learning the finger maze. So, if you are doing well, having an audience increases the chances that you will continue to do well. If you are doing badly, having an audience increases the chances that you will continue to do badly. Roberts cleverly pointed out that when you are first learning something, you are better off working alone than practicing with other people. What did the speaker probably discuss before coming to this part of the talk? 短文开头As I mentioned earlier, there is also research that demonstrates that individuals perform worse，not better...提示说话人之前很可能讨论了人们在有 他人在场时能把事情做得更好的情况。 25、C [听力原文] When does the presence of an audience facilitate your performance according to Roberts? 文中提到，Roberts发现，the presence of all audience...facilitates what you already know how to do，意思是说当你已经知道如何做某件事时，有人在场会让你把这件事 做得更好。C选项是原文中what you already know how to do的同义转述。 26、B [听力原文] What does Roberts think is a better way to learn new things? 短文结尾处提到，Roberts指出，当你初次学习某件事情时，你最好working alone。【背 诵点】be better 0ffdoing，最好……。 Section C 27、 pull their hair out [听力原文] The job of raising children is a tough one. Children don't come with an instruction manual. And each child is different. So parents sometimes pull their hair out in frustration, not knowing what to do. But in raising children - as in all of life - what we do is influenced by our culture. Naturally then. American parents teach their children basic American values. To Americans, the goal of parents is to help children stand on their own two feet. From the early years of their life, each child may get his or her own room. As children grow, they gain more freedom to make their own choices. Teenagers choose their own forms of entertainment, as well as the friends to share them with. When they reach adult age, they choose their own careers and marriage partners. Of course, many young adult still seek their parents' advice and approval for the choices they make. But once they "leave the nest" at around 18 to 21 years old, they want to be on their own, not "tied to their mother's apron (围裙) strings. " The relationship between parents and children in America is very informal. American parents try to treat their children as individuals - not as extensions of themselves. They allow them to fulfill their own dreams. Americans praise and encourage their children to give them the confidence to succeed. When children become adults, their relationship with their parents becomes more like a friendship among equals. But contrary to popular belief, most adult Americans don't make their parents pay for room and board when they come to visit. Even as adults, they respect and honor their parents.28、 basic 29、 stand on 30、 freedom 31、 share them with 32、 approval 33、 informal 34、 extensions 35、 confidence 36、 popular Part ? Reading Comprehension Section A 37、 空格前的its和force表明，本空应填形容词。本句的前半部分提到，城市的生活总是涉及机会、回 报和危险、压力之间的平衡。后一句提到，赚钱的机会就意味着竞争，竞争充满着压力。由此可见， 城市生活的动力就是钱。 38、 空格前的most表明，本空应填形容词。由Opportunities to make money mean competition and competition is stressful可知，有机会就意味着有压力。本句的后半句用定语从句where opportunities are greatest说明城市机会最多，由此可知，城市的压力最大。 39、 空格后的involves表明本空应填副词，根据常识我们可知，过多的人会不可避免地带来更多的冲突， 更多的人来游览参观等，故可选出答案。 40、 空格前的has always表明，本空应填过去分词形式的动词。由上句中的criminals who are drawn to the rich pickings of great cities可知，crime会在in the relative anonymity of urban life盛行。 41、 空格前的its表明本空应填名词，空前的its对应句首的crime。下句说到“许多城市居民……在家， 因为害怕周围的犯罪活动”，由此可知，该句是说犯罪活动是很难控制的。 42、 空前的become表明本空应填形容词或过去分词形式的动词。该句中by表原因，“城市居民由于害怕 周围的犯罪活动而在家里”，即不能出门。 43、 空前的use和空格后的to表明，本空应填名词。空前的various提示，该名词为复数形式。本句中 冒号后面的内容是对其前面内容的具体解释，选项C符合此处语义。且下旬中提到了other strategies，是对该空的复现。 44、 空格后的harmful提示，本空应填副词。For example后面的内容是对strategies which are harmful to the individual的举例，由reducing awareness through drugs or alcohol这个例子可看出，这些方法对个人绝对是有害的。 45、 空格前的cause和空后的loneliness提示本空应填形容词。空前的they指代前半句中的all these defensive forms of behavior，前半句指出这些防御形式的行为，一般来讲，对社会 都是有害处的，后半句应该是说这些行为造成了“广泛的孤独感并破坏了社区对其成员的关心”。 46、 空格前的and表示并列，提示本空应填名词。本句说Lack of informal social contact和to the misfortunes of others是城市犯罪的两大主要原因，因此本空表达的应是“缺乏，不关心”之意。 Section B 47、 题目中的the marketing recruitment consultancy, prove及in the business world将本题定位于G段首句，首句提到，作者身体好点之后在一家营销招聘咨询公司找到了工作。接下来讲的都是作者在该公司工作时的情况。 48、 题目中的Lupus及employers将本题定位于C段第5,7句。第5句提到作者被确诊为患有狼疮(I now had a name for my daily struggle: Lupus)。第6句介绍狼疮是什么。第7句讲狼疮对作者的影响，即它在我找工作时在我头上悬挂一个巨大、阴暗的问题:我是否应该告诉雇主我有残障?由此可知，当作者被确诊为狼疮时，让她感到两难的是她是否应该将她的残障告知雇主。 49、 题目中的diagnosed with a disabling condition及work将本题定位于A段。题中的feel nervous about their work prospects是从文中A段第3句中的The implications for your working life may seem intimidating推断得出的。 50、 题目中的permanent contract及dismissed unfairly将本题定位于G段第7句和末句。作者说，她的合约就快要被延续成长期合约了，而就在这时，她被老板“谈话”(结合下文可知，作者要被辞退了)。末句指出，根据DDA，这是一次不合理的解雇。本题正是对这两句的概括。 51、 题目中的it is important，to recognise及obligations将本题出处定位于J段末句。末句提到，认识DDA的意义、它所提供的保护、雇主对身为员工和身为人的我们所持有的义务，这仍然很重要。题中的名词所有格employers'是对原文中的定语从句that employers have同义的转换。 52、 题目中的qualify for disability status，in the UK及their conditions将本题出处定位于H段。题中的would rather not tell their employers about their conditions 是对第3句中的None had disclosed their conditions to employers的同义转换。 53、 题目中的felt like a fraud，job in publishing及ill将本题出处定位于E段本题正是对该段内容的概括，其中fall ill是文中第4句中sank into ill health的同义转换。 54、 题目中的flexible working conditions将本题出处定位于I段最后两句。最后两句作者提到，她决定到志愿部门试一试，并且她吃惊于他们给自己提供的弹性工作条件，但同时她又觉得，如果可以选择的话，她还是更想去私营部门工作。题中but前的句子是对I)段第3句前半部分的再现，but后的句子则是对第4句which前句子的同义转述，其中if she had a choice对应given the choice，而would still like to work in是would still prefer a career in的同义转换。 55、 题目中的revealed her condition及support将本题定位于B段倒数第2句。我把自己的状况告知了那些雇主，却没有得到多少援助。本题是对该句的同义转述。 56、 题目中的the public relations consultancy in Bristol将本题定位于D段首句。首句提到作者在布里斯托尔一家公共关系咨询公司找到了理想的工作。第4句和第5句之间为原因和结果的关系。题中的her performance was disappointing to her boss是对第4句的同义转述;The author lost her job是对第5句结果的同义转述。 Section C Passage One 57、B 题干中的guidelines和the U.S. government将本题定位到首段末句。政府发布饮食指导，建议美国人吃各种各样的食物，保持适当的体重，限制脂肪、盐、糖以及酒精的摄人量。由此可以推断，政府发布的饮食指导建议人们在饮食中限制富含脂肪的食物。 58、D 题干中的choice将本题定位到第2段首句。对大多数美国人来说，吃什么是个人选择的问题，而不是供应的问题。由此可以推断，美国食物供应很充足，人们可以根据自己的爱好想吃什么就吃什么。 59、A 题干中的consumption of animal fat将本题定位到第3段首句。美国饮食中的一个巨大变化就是减少动物油脂的摄取。下一句提到，在很多家庭，人造黄油和植物油已经替代黄油和猪油。猪油很显然是动物油，由此可知，人们是通过用植物油代替猪油来减少对动物脂肪的摄取。 60、B 题干中的restaurants将本题定位到第4段第3句。餐厅正在做出特别努力，为的是提供低脂肪、低盐、低热量的食物。由此可知，针对人们对更健康饮食的追求，餐馆也采取了积极的应对措施。 61、C 题干中的prudent将本题定位到第5段首句。首句提到，对prudent diet的关注带来了全民对更健康生活方式的空前追求。本段最后一句提到，他们已经发现，合理饮食是通向良好健康的唯一重要途径。由此可以推断，对合理饮食的关注导致了人们对更健康生活方式的追求，prudent diet指的是“合理的、明智的饮食”。 Passage Two 62、B 题干中的the dual enrollment programmes将本题定位于第2段末句。第2段末句指出了实行双重招生模式的目的:这样的课程降低了学费，吸引了那些认为没有希望进大学的学生。由此得出这些双重招生项目帮助的对象是承担不起学费的学生。 63、D 题干中的Avila将本题定位于第1段和第3段。第3段末提到，Avila的英语学分让她上大学的学费便宜了些，由此可推断出她的学费比一般学生低一些。 64、C 题干中的opportunity将本题出处定位于第3段。第3段先指出直接进入四年制大学不是她的一个选择。然后阿维拉说如果有机会，她也想进入四年制大学，但她没有钱。由此看出此处的opportunity是指直接进入四年制大学的机会。 65、D 题干中的raise its college graduates rate将本题定位于末段首句。末段首句指出提高大学毕业生比率需要让更多的少数民族学生接受高等教育，故可看出让其他种族的学生接受大学教育是有效提高毕业生比率的方式。 66、A 本题考查文章标题。本文介绍了美国的双重招生项目。第1,4段以具体实例介绍了该项目的模式。最后一段指出这种项目的效果。故双重招生项目，即在高中开设大学课程这一高中与大学的合作项目是文章的中心内容。 Part ? Translation 67、Taoism, like Confucianism, is a native Chinese religion. Along with Buddhism and Confucianism, it is one of the three great philosophies in ancient China. Laozi, an ancient Chinese philosopher, is the founder of Taoism. Taoism emphasizes on the relative "stability", which can be attained when a harmony is reached between Yin and Yang, which are said to be the opposite but related natural powers of the universe. Dragon and Tiger Mountain (Longhu Mountain) in Jiangxi Province, as a cradle of Taoism, has been regarded as a Holy Land to which many pilgrimages are made every year. [解析] 本文主要介绍中国的道教，为说明文。译文应采用较为正式的说明性语言，时态主要为一般现在时。原文乍一看很难，考生不要被一些不常见的词语吓倒，如，“阴”“阳”和“对立统一”等，这些词翻译起来并不难。 ?创始人:founder;?圣地:Holy Land;?龙虎山:Dragon and Tiger Mountain;?朝拜:make pilgrimage to...