[英语学习]自考国际商务英语历年真题汇总2010年7月-2006年4月

[英语学习]自考国际商务英语历年真题汇总2010年7月-2006年4月 全国2010年7月高等教育自学考试 国际商务英语试题 课程代码:05844 ?. Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese (10%) 1. income distribution of a market 2. set forth 3. clean credit 4. equity investment 5. akin to 6. endowment of nature 7. all risks 8. non-trade settlement 9. standing committee 10. comparative advantage ?. Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English(10%) 11.自由贸易区 12. 进口税 13. 开证银行 14. 中间产品 15. 对外直接投资 16. 技术转让 17. 特别提款权 18. 制成品 19. 外汇短缺 20. 配额限制 ?. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right(10%) 21. productive a. one in which one of the parties agrees to supply, at the contract price, a complete product ready for use, such as a new home, factory, ship, etc. 22. primary commodities b. absence of agreement 23. hyperinflation c. to substitute a claim against one person for a claim against another person 24. discrepancy d. a person who owns money 25. practitioner e. producing in high efficiency or in large quantity 26. turnkey project f. those commodities not processed, or only slightly processed, usually farm produce or raw materials 27. constitute g. money held aside to meet future demand 28. subrogate h. make up; amount to; form 29. reserve i. a person engaged in the practice of a profession or occupation 30. debtor j. soaring of prices beyond control 21.______ 22. ______23. ______24. ______25. ______ 26. ______27. ______28. ______29. ______30. ______ ?. Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English (10%) 31. drawback 32. confirmed credit 33. dirty float 34. international licensing 35. IMF ?. Answer the following questions in English(20%) 36. Why is it necessary to change the term “marine insurance” into “transportation insurance”? 37. What institutions does the World Bank Group consist of? 38. Why does the exporter sometimes require a confirmed letter of credit? 39. What are the two wheels of APEC? ?. Translate the following into Chinese (15%) 40. It should be noted, however, that the existence of a letter of credit is not a guarantee of payment to anyone. Its existence only assures payment to the beneficiary if the terms and conditions of the letter of credit are fulfilled. In addition, a letter of credit does not insure that the materials purchased will be those invoiced or shipped. 41. The IFC was established in 1956. Its function is to assist the economic development of less-developed countries by promoting growth in the private sector of their economies and helping to mobilize domestic and foreign capital for this purpose. Membership in the IBRD is a prerequisite for membership in the IFC. ?. Translate the following into English(25%) 42. 在所有条款中，买卖双方各自的义务排列在10 项标题下。 43.随着制造业和技术的发展，出现了另一个刺激贸 易的因素，即国际专业化。 44.外汇汇率有三种形式，即:买进汇率，售出汇率 和两者的平均值——中间汇率。 45.这些机构的共同目标是通过把发达国家的资金 输送到发展中国家帮助这些国家提高生活水平。 46.自从进入WTO后，中国商业银行及保险行业日 益受到来自国外同行的竞争。 全国2010年4月高等教育自学考试 国际商务英语试题 课程代码:05844 ?. Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese (10%) 1. customs area 2. roll on-roll off traffic 3. amendment 4. gold standard 5. gilt-edged stocks 6. compound duties 7. discount rate 8. certificate of quality 9. national treatment 10. cost economies ?. Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English(10%) 11(世界银行 12. 互利贸易 13. 保兑信用证 14. 装船通知 15. 增值税 16. 追溯到 17. 原产地港口 18. 货物保险 19. 商品交易会 20. 目的地 ?. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right(10%) 21. integration a. the act of putting money to use in something offering profitable returns 22. voluntary offer b. connecting with the sea or navigation 23. draft c. producing optimum results for the expenditure 24. viability d. combining into a whole 25. investment e. a person or an organization etc. that receives something 26. export earnings f. th e a m o u nt p aid b y a n ins ure d for c o v era g e u n d er th e c o nt ra ct 27. maritime g. an offer made on the initiative of the offerer 28. premium h. money earned on the sale of goods to other countries 29. cost-effective i. ability to succeed in operation 30. recipient j. a n u n c o n ditio n al ord er to s o m e o n e to p a y a s u m of m o n e y ?. Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English (10%) 31. absolute advantage 32. irrevocable credit 33. indemnity 34. green field strategy 35. APEC ?. Answer the following questions in English(20%) 36. Why is it necessary to revise Incoterms in 1990? 37. Why was the Special Drawing Right created? 38. What contents should be included in a firm offer? 39. What does international business refer to? ) ?. Translate the following into Chinese (15% 40. In insurance of all risks, the insurer is responsible for total or partial loss or damage to the insured goods arising from natural elements or from sea perils, including all losses caused by accidents to the carrying vessels or craft or by any external causes. But it does not, as its name suggests, really cover all risks. 41. The term Triad refers to the three richest regions of the world, the United States, the European Union and Japan that offer the most important business opportunities. Any international enterprise must bear Triad in mind if they want to be successful in the increasingly competitive world market. ?. Translate the following into English(25%) 42.在正常的市场交易中，由于使用货币及市场手 段，货物的买与卖是分别进行的。 43.国际股票交易所提供了一种途径，使人们的存款 能够为那些需要资金的人所利用。 44.光票信用证主要用于非贸易结算，而在商品贸易中一般使用跟单信用证付款。 45.无论人们是否喜欢，经济全球化已成为世界经济发展中的一个客观趋势。 46.商业发票是对货物的质量、数量、单价和总价的一般描述。 全国2009年7月自考国际商务英语试卷 课程代码:05844 ?. Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese (10%) 1. copyright 2. per capita income 3. non-discrimination principle 4. broker 5. exchange rate 6. deferred payment 7. common carrier 8. contracting parties 9. validity period 10. ad valorem duty ?. Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English(10%) 11. 比较利益(优势) 12. 跨国公司 13. 专业化 14. 金融市场 15. 循环信用证 16. 空运提单 17. 有价证券 18. 间接标价 19. 有形贸易 20. 发票 ?. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right(10%) 21. firm offer a. a subsidiary company controlled by another 22. shipping marks b. all forms of man-made obstructions to international trade other than tariffs, including prohibitions and quotas, etc. 23. affiliate c. capacity that can move or be moved easily and quickly from place to place 24. insurance policy d. of persons, the public, having the money to buy goods and services 25. reimburse e. large-scale public services, such as water and power supplies, road, rail and radio communications, etc. needed to support economic activity, esp. industry, trade and commerce 26. infrastructure f. pay back to somebody for the expenses he has spent 27. protectionism g. the theory of the system of developing home industries through duties and other means imposed on competitive imports 28. mobility h. an offer whose terms and conditions are binding on the offerer 29. non-tariff barrier i. what is printed on the outer packing of goods as symbol for identification in the course of transportation 30. purchasing power j. a document used for covering possible risks ?. Make brief explanations of the following terms in English (10%) 31. clean credit 32. offeree 33. intellectual property 34. joint venture 35. gold reserves ?. Answer the following questions in English(20%) 36. What are the 3 major functions of bill of lading? 37. Explain briefly the following terms: applicant; opening bank; beneficiary; advising bank; confirming bank. 38. What are the advantages of counter trade? 39. What is documentary collection? Point out the different types of it. ?. Translate the following into Chinese (10%) 40. The transferable credit is designed to meet the requirements of international trade. It enables a middleman who is receiving payment from a buyer under a documentary credit to transfer his claim under that credit to his own supplier. In this way he can carry out transactions with only a limited outlay of his own funds. A transferable credit may only be transferred once. The second beneficiary may not further transfer it unless there is an express provision to this effect in the original credit. This limit on transferability is intended to prevent abuse. 41. A contract is an agreement by which two parties mutually promise to buy or sell some products. In practice, some informal contracts may be reached orally. This is understandable, but may lead to unfortunate consequences. A reasonable exporter should at least insist on strict observance of the legal requirements in case of orders that are not routine transactions. When the goods ordered represent a considerable value, a formal contract embodying all terms of the agreement should be prepared in duplicate; each copy should be signed by both parties, and each party should retain a copy of the contract. ?. Translate the following into English(30%) 42. 尽管中国取得了很大的成就，但仍然面临巨大 的挑战。一部分挑战和竞争来自于农业、银行业和 保险业，还有一部分来自于一些国家所采取的贸易保护主义。 43. 没有可保利益的保险是无效的。而任何根据这类合同提出的索赔都不会被受理。 44. 最近几年运输功能引人注目的另一个因素就是越来越多的使用零库存系统。这种系统是以公司保持很少数量的生产投入为基础的。 45. 已装船提单明货物已实际装上开往目的港的承运船只。 46. 国际货币基金组织旨在向那些在付款方面有困难的基金会员国提供中期贷款。 全国2009年4月自学考试国际商务英语试题 课程代码:05844 I. Translate the following words and expressions: (10%) (i) From English into Chinese: 1. usance credit 2. certificate of origin 3. intermediate products 4. compensation trade 5. securities (ii) From Chinese into English: 6.经济一体化 7.母公司 8.还盘 9.保兑行 10.充分就业 II. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right: (5%) ( )11. preference a. a limit placed by a government on the amount of imports or exports of a commodity ( )12. mandate b. a practical advantage given to one over others ( )13. quota c. social or natural calamities that take place beyond the control of a contracting party ( )14. affiliate d. authority given to perform a duty ( )15. force majeure e. a business concern owned or controlled in whole or in part by another concern III. Make brief explanations of the following terms and give the full name of the abbreviation in English: (20%) 16. gross domestic product (GDP) 17. direct exchange rate 18. bill of exchange 19. insurable interest 20. ICC IV. Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate word from the list (You can only choose 10 from the following 12 words in the square): (10%) lack result medium therefore by in barter money equal with but exchange Historically, counter trade was mainly conducted in the form of (21) ________, which is a direct exchange of goods of approximately (22)________ value between parties, with no (23) ________ involved. Such transactions were the very essence of business at times during which no money — that is, no common medium of (24)________ — existed or was available. Over time, money emerged as a convenient (25)________ that unlinked transactions from individual parties and their joint timing and (26)________ permitted greater flexibility in trading activities. Repeatedly, however, we can see returns to the barter system as a (27)________ of environment circumstances. Conditions that encourage such business activities are (28) of money, lack of value of or faith (29) ________ money, lack of acceptability of money as an exchange medium, or greater ease of transaction (30)________ using goods. V. Translate the following into English: (25%) 31. 就出口商的利益而言，即期付款交单比远期付 款交单有利。 32. 高收入国家和地区是高档消费品的主要市场， 在吸引外资和对外投资方面都处于有利地位。 33. 绝对利益理论认为，一种商品将在其耗费资源 成本低的国家进行生产。 34. 固定汇率制降低了国际贸易中的风险，并是抑 制通货膨胀的重要手段。 35. APEC 建立于在澳大利亚首都召开的一次部长 级会议，当时有12个成员国出席。 VI. Translate the following into Chinese: (15%) 36. Today few, if any, countries are economically sufficient. Even China, with its vast human and self natural resources, has not been able to remain aloof from the world economy. In the United States, international business touches people’s lives daily. Common goods and services such as Shell gasoline stations, often identified with the United States, are, in fact, foreign owned. International business is business conducted in more than one country, including buying and selling goods and services. Other international business activities include marketing, manufacturing, mining, and farming. In sum, international business is all the practices a business in a single country does, but at the international level. VII. Answer the following questions in English: (15%) 37. Who introduced the theory of comparative advantage? Which theory makes more sense, absolute advantage or comparative advantage? Give a typical example to illustrate the comparative advantage of a particular country. 38. Why is controlling costs a first major motivation for firms to undertake FDI? 全国2008年7月自国际商务英语 课程代码:05844 I. Translate the following words and expressions:(10%) (i) From English into Chinese: 1. purchasing power parity 2. documents against acceptance 3. insurance policy 4. just-in-time inventory 5. tax holiday (ii) From Chinese into English: 6. 特许经营 7. 关税同盟 8. 外汇市场 9. 证券交易所 10. 差别待遇 II. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right:(5%) ( )11. subrogate a. to develop the use of, make the best use of ( )12. exploit b. the marketing, transporting, merchandising, and selling of any item ( )13. carriage c. the sending of money or the money sent ( )14. remittance d. the price or cost of transportation ( )15. distribution e. to substitute a claim against one person for a claim against another person III. Make brief explanations of the following terms and give the full name of the abbreviation in English:(20%) 16. Generalized System of Preference 17. selling rate 18. consignee 19. Incoterms 20. EU IV. Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate word from the list (You can only choose 10 from the following 12 words in the square):(10%) trustcondi Prompaym wortbank tionapaid ise ent hy l expoimpostron With as to rter rter ger A letter of credit being the undertaking of the issuing bank to make (21)______ , the reputation, and the financial strength of that (22)______ are of prime importance. The (23)______ the bank’s financial standing is and the more prestigious the bank is, the more (24)______ its letter of credit appears. Furthermore, it should be noted that the bank’s undertaking to pay as provided in a letter of credit is a (25)______ one. The bank will live up to its promise only when the stipulations in the letter of credit are complied (26)______ by the beneficiary in due course. In other words, the beneficiary , the (27)______ in foreign trade, will be (28)______ only after he has duly fulfilled his obligations (29)______ stated in the credit. In summation, a letter of credit is a bank’s conditional (30)______ to make due payment to the beneficiary. V. Translate the following into English:(25%) 31. 外国直接投资主要有三种形式:建立新企业， 购买现成设备和建立合资公司。 32. 世界500 强企业中有160多家企业总部设在美 国，这160多家企业中有24 家是全球前百名企业。 33. GDP 计算的是在一个经济体地理区域内所生 产的所有实物产品和服务价值。 34. 国际商务的另一种重要形式是由一国居民向另 一国提供资金，称为国际投资。 35. 每一份保险合同都需要有可保利益的支持，否 则它就是无效的。 VI. Translate the following into Chinese:(15%) 36. After years of extraordinarily rapid development of its economy, Japan advanced to the rank of second most technologically-powerful economy in the world after the US, but growth slowed down markedly in the 1990s, averaging just 1.7%, largely because of the after—effects of over-investment during the late 1980s. Government efforts to revive economic growth have met with little success and were further hampered in 2000-2003 by the slowing of the US, European, and Asian economies. Japan’s huge government debt, which totals more than 150% of GDP, and the aging of the population are two major long-run problems. VII. Answer the following questions in English:(15%) 37. What is the basic feature of economic globalization? And what major roles does it play? 38. What is an international turnkey project? In what way is its variant BOT different from it? 全国2008年4月自考国际商务英语试卷 课程代码:05844 I. Translate the following words and expressions:(10%) (i) From English into Chinese: 1. intellectual property 2. economic globalization 3. trade credit account 4. common carrier 5. grace period (ii) From Chinese into English: 6. 关税壁垒 7. 起运港 8. (汇率)间接标价 9. 资本市场 10. 反倾销 II. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right:(5%) ( )11. infrastructure a. to restrict one’s economic activities to certain particular fields )12. drawback b. a person who ( carries on insurance as a business ( )13. underwriter c. Large-scale public services, such as water and power supplies, road, rail and radio communica tions, etc. needed to support economic activities, esp. industry, trade and commerce ( )14. specialization d. to keep fixed or unchanged ( )15. peg e. duties paid on imported goods that are refunded when re-exported III. Make brief explanations of the following terms and give the full name of the abbreviation in English:(20%) 16. free trade area 17. joint venture 18. opening bank 19. indemnity 20. BOT IV. Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate word from the list (You can only choose 10 from the following 12 words in the square):(10%) motives which carried penetration over costs long-term conclusion contrast securities by too Foreign investment is of two kinds, portfolio investment and direct investment. Portfolio investment is a kind of investment in (21) the investor does not exercise any managerial control. The investor either holds foreign bonds or other non-equity (22) which do not confer ownership rights or the investor holds stock shares (or other equities) in a foreign company in an amount (23) small to exercise any managerial control. In (24) , foreign direct investment is a (25) equity investment in a foreign company that gives the investor managerial control (26) that company.Foreign direct investments are mainly (27)out by multinational corporations. Surveys and cases studies indicate that their common (28) for making foreign direct investments are based on strategic considerations involving market (29) , technological know-how, reducing (30) of distribution and transportation, labor, raw materials and political factors. V. Translate the following into English:(25%) 31. 信用证不能给缔约双方提供绝对的安全。 32. 还盘可以针对发盘中的价格，付款条件，装运 时间或其它条款提出。 33.《国际贸易术语解释通则》的目的在于为外贸业 务中使用最普通的贸易术语提供一套国际解释 通则。 34. 国际商务比国内商务涉及的因素更多，因而更 复杂。 35. 期权是一种合同，这种合同给予在特定时间内 以商定价格买进或卖出某种证券的权利。 VI. Translate the following into Chinese:(15%) 36. Documentary collection is a means of payment ensuring that the goods are only handed over to the buyer when the amount shown on a bill of exchange is paid or when the customer accepts the bill as a contract to pay by a specified date. The exporter sends the bill of exchange and the shipping documents to his bank, which forwards them to a bank in the customer’s country. This bank, or the exporter’s agents in the country concerned, takes the documents to the customer. If it is a sight bill, the customer pays the amount directly. If it is a time bill, he signs the bill, which means he has “accepted” it for payment within a certain specified time. In return for either payment or acceptance of payment, the customer is handed the shipping documents which give title to the goods. VII. Answer the following questions in English:(15%) 37. What are the factors that decide the types of documents require for a particular transaction?(7 分) 38. Is an enquiry binding on the enquirer? What is a first enquiry, and what information should be given in it?(8分) 全国2007年7月高等教育自学考试 国际商务英语试题 课程代码:05844 I. Translate the following words and expressions: (10%) (i) From English into Chinese: 1. contract manufacturing 2. tariff schedule 3. voluntary offer 4. credit worthiness 5. the greenfield strategy (ii) From Chinese into English: 6. 贸易术语 7. 不可撤销信用证 8. 自给自足 9. 储备货币 10. 所得税 II. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right: (5%) ( )11. veto a. after presentation of the draft ( )12. shipping marks b. the com pan y that can mak e use of an L/C to get paid for its exp ort ( )13. after sight c. what is printed on the outer packing of goods as symbo l for identification in the course of transportation ( )14. forum d. right to reject or forbid something ( )15. beneficiary e. an outlet for discus sion of matter s of interes t to a given group III. Make brief explanations of the following terms and give the full name of the abbreviation in English: (20%) 16. buyback 17. gross national product 18. most-favored-nation treatment 19. multi-model transportation 20. IMF IV. Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate word from the list (You can only choose 10 from the following 12 words in the square): (10%) Fluctuate depreciate appreciate to case demand Exceeds with risky upward exchange existence Floating rate gradually came into (21)______ in 1970’s due to increase of foreign economic disturbances. The floating rate system allows the exchange rate to (22)______ from day to day totally depending on the supply and (23)______ situation on the market. Compared (24)______ fixed rate, the floating rate system is more (25)______ to traders, especially exporters and importers, the anticipated profit can be simply offset by the discount incurred due to (26)______ rate fluctuation. Where the supply of foreign currency (27)______ its demand, the value of this foreign currency will (28)______ and the price of the national currency in terms of this foreign currency will be forced up. In this (29)______, exchange rate of foreign currency is called floating downward. Oppositely, the exchange rate of the foreign currency would be called floating (30)______ if demand exceeds supply. V. Translate the following into English: (25%) 31. 经济全球化不仅涉及经济，而且对政治、文化、 价值观和生活方式都有重要影响。 32. 建立跨国企业的目的是获取利润，利润无疑是 跨国企业股东们的基本要求。 33. 合同是在协议基础上制定的，而协议是商务谈 判的结果。 34. 在特定条件下，提高利率可以吸引国外短期资 金，提高一国的外汇汇率。 35. 在知识产权保护不力的国家，最好不要采用国 际许可经营。 VI. Translate the following into Chinese: (15%) 36. There is a general misconception that market-seeking FDI in domestic sectors such as retail yields little development impact. The opposite is true. FDI in retail has been a key driver of productivity growth in Brazil, Poland, and Thailand, resulting in lower prices and higher consumption. Large-scale foreign retailers are also forcing wholesalers and food processors to improve. And they are now becoming important sources of exports: Tesco in Thailand and Wal-Mart in Brazil are increasingly turning to local products to feed their global supply chains. Retail also happens to be a pillar of the tourism industry. VII. Answer the following questions in English: (15%) 37. Give a brief account of the characteristics of MNEs. 38. What is the highest form of economic integration? Describe briefly the characteristics of such a form. 全国2007年4月高等教育自学考试 国际商务英语试题 课程代码:05844 I. Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese (10%): 1. counter trade 2. hyperinflation 3. European Payment Union 4. consignment 5. debit 6. drawee 7. partial shipment 8. confirmed credit 9. entrepreneur 10. client II. Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English (10%): 11. 肮脏浮动 12. 中间价 13. 汇率 14. 有价证券 15. 普惠制 16. 国民待遇 17. 反贴补措施 18. 免责条款 19. 殖民地 20. 领土 III. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanation on the right (10%): ( )21. permanent a. lasting ( )22. ratify b. a person or thing that closely resembles another in position or function ( )23. optimal c. the state of being a member of a certain organization ( )24. membership d. authority given to perform a duty ( )25. joint venture e. an outlet for discussion of matters of interest to a given group ( )26. tax holiday f. a person engaged in the practice of a profession or occupation ( )27. practitioner g. make an agreement or a treaty officially valid by signing it ( )28. mandate h. a period of time during which tax is not levied ( )29. counterpart i. best or most favourable ( )30. forum j. a business where the provision of risk capital is shared between two or more firms IV. Make brief explanations of the following terms in English (10%): 31. recipient 32. world company 33. inflation 34. applicant of an L/C 35. middleman trader V. Answer the following questions in English (20%): 36. How do you define “transportation”? 37. What are clean drafts? 38. What is a usance credit? 39. What is foreign direct investment? VI. Translate the following passage into Chinese (10%): 40.A straight bill of lading is made out so that only the named consignee is entitled to take delivery of the goods under the bill. This consignee is designated by the shipper. The carrier has to hand over the cargo to the named consignee, not to any third party in possession of the bill. This kind of bill of lading is not transferable. The shipper can’t pass the bill to a third party by endorsement. Because of the limited functions, this bill is in very restricted application. When goods are shipped on a non-commercial basis, such as samples or exhibits, or when the goods are extremely valuable, a straight bill of lading is generally issued. VII. Translate the following sentences into English (30%): 41. 经济联盟的成员国不仅要在税收，政府开支， 企业策略等方面保持一致，而且还应使用同一 的货币。 42. 在国际贸易中进出口双方都面临风险，因为总 存在对方不履约的可能。 43. 保险是一种风险转移机制。通过保险个人或企 业可以将生活中一些不确定因素转移给其他 人。 44. 合同依法实施，未能履行合同义务的一方可能 受到起诉，并被强制做出赔偿。 45. 国际贸易一般指不同国家的当事人进行的交 易，它涉及到许多因素，因而比国内贸易复杂 得多。 2007年4月自考国际商务英语试卷参考答案 I(1(对销贸易，反向贸易 2(极度通货膨胀 3(欧洲支付联盟 4(寄售 5(借方 6(受票人 7(分批装运 8(保 兑信用证 9(企业家 l0(顾客 II. 11. dirty float 12. medial rate 13. exchange rate 14. securities 15. Generalized System of Preferences 16. national treatment 17. counter-veiling-measures 18. escape clauses 19. colony 20. territory III. 21.a 22. g 23. i 24. c 25. j 26. h e 27. f 28.d 29.b 30. IV.31. A person or an organization etc. that receives something 32. A multinational company whose national identity has been blurred 33. Rise in prices brought about by the excess demand, expansion of money supply, credit etc 34. The importer that goes to a bank for the establishment of an L/C 35. Person through whom goods pass between the producer and the consumer V(评分参考意见:回答正确，基本上没有语法与 拼写错误，用词基本上达意，满分;回答略微偏离 题意，扣1。2分，回答不符合题意，扣2—3分。 有语法与拼写错误，或用词不能达意，酌情扣分， 最多扣2分。): 36. In a broad sense, transportation is defined as the movement of freight and passengers from one location to another. 37. Clean drafts are drafts which are not accompanied by the shipping documents. 38. A usance credit is one by which payment cannot be made until a specific date or a specific time after the date or after sight. 39. Foreign direct investment is the major form of international investment, whereby residents of one country acquire assets in a foreign country for the purpose of controlling and managing them. VI((本大题共l0分。表达正确，清楚，意思完整 得满分;意思基本正确，有少量语言错误得8-6分; 表达不够清楚，语言错误较多得5一3分;表达不 清楚，语言错误多，得2分以下。每句扣分如下所 示:A straight bill of lading is made out so that only the named consignee is entitled to take delivery of the goods under the bill (2分). This consignee is designated by the shipper(1分). The carrier has to hand over the cargo to the named consignee, not to any third party in possession of the bill ( 2 分). This kind of bill of lading is not transferable( 1分 ). The shipper can't pass the bill to a third party by endorsement ( 1 分). Because of the limited functions, this bill is in very restricted application( 1 分). When goods are shipped on a non-commercial basis, such as samples or exhibits, or when the goods are extremely valuable, a straight bill of lading is generally issued( 2 分). 40(记名提单是为了只让规定的收货人提取该提单 项下的货物。收货人是由托运人指定的。承运人必 须把货物交给指定的收货人，而不能交给任何持有 该提单的第三方。这种提单是不可转让的，托运人 不能通过背书将其转给第三方。由于作用受到限 制，这种提单使用很有限，一般是在运输样品，展 品之类的非赢利目的的货物，或特别贵重商品时使 用记名提单。 ?((本大题共5小题，每小题6分，共30分。句 型正确，意思完整，无语言错误得满分;句型基本 正确，有个别语言错误得5,4分;句型基本正确， 语言错误多，得3,1分;不成句的，不得分。) 41. The members of an economic union are required not only to harmonize their taxation, government expenditure, industry policies, etc.,but also use the same currency. 42. In international trade, both the exporter and importer face risks as there is always the possibility that the other party may fail to fulfill the contract. 43. Insurance is a risk transfer mechanism, by which the individual or the business enterprise can shift some of the un-certainty of life to the shoulders of others. 44. A contract is enforceable by law, and the party that fails to fulfill his contractual obligations may be sued and forced to make compensation. 45. International business refers to transaction between parties from different, countries. it involves more factors and thus is more complicated than domestic business. 全国2006年7月高等教育自学考试 国际商务英语试题 课程代码:05844 ?.Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese (10%) 1.trade mark 2.Gross Domestic Product 3.national income 4.escape clause 5.capital market 6.commission 7.usance credit 8.arbitration 9.transshipment 10.documentary collection ?.Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English(10%) 11.承运人 发盘(报盘) 12. 13.货号 14.商业发票 15.期权 16.清算系统() 17.知识产权 18.储备货币 19.卖出价 20.增值税 ?.Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right(10%) 21.indemnity a. a person covered by an insurance policy 22.ad valorem duties b. the amount paid by an insured for coverage under the contract 23.sight credit c. compensation for loss 24.insured d. a credit by which payment can be made upon presentation of the draft 25.specialization e. the main body of a contract 26.contract proper f. social or natural calamities that take place beyond the control of a contracting party 27.premium g. duties levied on the basis of the price of the goods 28.force majeure h. to restrict one’s economic activities to certain particular fields 29.liberalization of trade i. those commodities not processed, or only slightly processed, usually farm produce or raw materials 30.primary commodities j. the act of government in lifting controls over imports and exports ?.Make brief explanations of the following terms in English (10%) 31.anti-dumping 32.acquisition 33.devaluation 34.subrogate 35.confirming bank ?.Answer the following questions in English (20%) 36.What is licensing? Why do firms sometimes choose it as a means of entering a foreign market? 37.What is Comparative Advantage? 38.Describe briefly the characteristics of MNEs. 39.What is the difference between D/P at sight and D/P after sight? Which is more favourable for the exporter? ?.Translate the following into Chinese(10%) 40.In choosing a transportation mode for a particular product, shippers consider as many as six criteria: speed, frequency, dependability, capability, availability and cost. Thus if a shipper seeks speed, air and truck are the prime contenders. If the goal is low cost, then water and pipeline are the prime contenders. Shippers are increasingly combining two or more transportation modes, thanks to containerization. Containerization consists of putting the goods in boxes or trailers that are easy to transfer between two transportation modes. Each coordinated mode of transportation offers specific advantages to the shipper. 41.The practical advantages exist due to the peculiar environment within which counter trade usually takes place. They quite likely disappear when the environment changes—as is happening now in many countries. Restructuring and the development of markets may therefore mean that the environment within which counter trade usually takes place is changing so as to reduce its frequency. Reduced ownership restrictions are likely to shift the organizational forms toward joint ventures and wholly-owned enterprises which possess production facilities. Improved knowledge, experience, and legal enforcement of contractual obligations will likely mean increasing use of longer term and more sophisticated explicit transaction contracts. ?.Translate the following into English(30%) 42.加入世界贸易组织对中国有益，因为它将促进中 国的改革和发展，提高商品和服务的质量，降低商 品成本和服务费用，刺激投资和创造就业机会，改 善法制。 43.清洁提单指货物在表面状况良好的情况下装船，这意味着提单上未加任何有关包装或货物外表不良的批注。 44.欧洲委员会是欧盟的管理机构之一，此机构将提议呈交给部长理事会做决定，并监督各成员国根据所制定的条约履行自己的义务。 45.为了处理国际贸易中的不同形势，各种支付方法便发展了起来。 46.如果投保的险别不是造成损失的直接原因，保险公司将不予赔偿。 全国2006年4月高等教育自学考试 国际商务英语试题 课程代码:05844 (请将答案填在答题纸相应的位置上) ?. Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese(10%) 1.certificate of origin 2.logistics 3.private carrier 4.idle funds 5.barter 6.balance of payment 7.grace period 8.patent 9.maturity 10.portfolio investment ?. Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English(10%) 11.东道国 12.从量税 13.还盘 14.可转让装运单据 15.补偿贸易 16.直接标价 17.跟单汇票 18.不可撤销信用证 19.资金周转 20.领事发票 ?.Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right (10%) 21.subrogate a.one form of action which may be taken by a government to protect industries from unfair competition by which goods are sold at a price lower than in the country where they are manufactured 22.underwriter b. company expansion through the purchase of other business 23.purchase contract c. the act of government in reducing by law the exchange value of its currency in units of gold or as compared with other currencies 24.invoice d. to substitute a claim against one person for a claim against another person 25.devaluation e. a person who carries on insurance as a business 26.anti-dumping f. a document for the general description of the goods and the price 27.acquisition g. the importer that goes to a bank for the establishment of an L/C 28.offeree h. the bank that adds its own commitment to an L/C 29.applicant of an L/C i. a contract made by the buyer 30.confirming bank j.the party to whom an offer is made ?. Make brief explanations of the following terms ) in English(10% 31.premium 32.sight credit 33.contract proper 34.force majeure 35.primary commodities ?. Answer the following questions in English(20%) 36.Explain the concepts of GNP and GDP respectively and point out their major difference. 37.What is the most favoured nation treatment? Is it a very special treatment? why? 38.Can you summarize briefly the factors that have caused the changes in the transportation industry? 39.What does “foreign equities” refer to? Is it becoming an important part of securities business? ?.Translate the following into Chinese(10%) 40.UNCTAD is the intergovernmental body within the UN system for comprehensive review of trade, development and other related issues. UNCTAD is designed to promote trade and economic development of all countries, particularly developing countries. Over the 40-plus years since its founding, UNCTAD has played an important role in fostering North-South dialogue and cooperation, promoting trade and economic development of the developing countries and assisting them in speeding up integration into the multilateral trading economy. 41.Allowing foreign banks to enter the Chinese market will exert a positive influence on domestic banks, making Chinese banks more competitive, introducing new technology and information and providing additional funds. But in the short and not-so-long term future after foreign banks enter the Chinese market, these banks will be able to use lower prices and efficient services, including such services as tele-banking, to win over a large number of customers from domestic banks, especially prized customers. This will result in a cut in the amount of funds in the hands of domestic banks. The toughest challenge the government will face will be to eliminate bad debts, implement cautious and standard risk management models, and tighten up bank administration so that domestic banks can adapt to international competition. ?. Translate the following into English(30%) 比较利益并不是一个静止的概念，一个国家可以42. 通过自己的行动发展某种特定的比较利益。 43.经济联盟的成员国不仅要在税收、政府开支、企业策略等方面保持一致，而且还应该使用同一的货币。 44.除了国际贸易和投资，国际许可和特许经营有时也是进入国外市场的一种方式。 45.保险是一种转移机制。通过保险个人或企业可以将生活中的一些不确定因素转移给其他人。 46.包装需按运输的要求进行, 在大多数情况下，卖方明确知道把货物安全地运到目的地所需要的包装。