【参考答案详细解释版】大学英语四级模拟试卷629

【参考答案详细解释版】大学四级模拟试卷629 Model Test Four Part ? Writing Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write An Opening Speech. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 假设你的学校要召开运动会，你作为该校学生会的发言人在开幕式上发言，请写一份开幕词，包括以 下内容: 1(表明自己的身份和发言的主要内容; 2(对到场的领导和老师给予的支持表示感谢，并阐述做体育运动的益处; 3(预祝此次运动会取得圆满成功。 An Opening Speech Part ? Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1—7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 8—10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Impact of Media on Distance Education Media is everywhere; it has become a part of our daily life. The media plays a dominant role in the learning process and has opened new dimensions in learning. Now education is no longer a constraint (约束) for anyone. Media has brought education to the doorstep of each and every individual. All forms of media—the newspaper, radio, television and the Internet are equally important in imparting education. As the technology is progressing, the different educational modules (模块) are being channeled through certain community access centers like community radio system, televisions, internet, community multi-media centers, etc. Media literacy or education does not only mean to be entertained by media but to learn something from it. Distance education is often defined as institution-based, formal education where the learning group is separate, and where interactive telecommunications systems are used to connect learners, resources, and instructors. The original distance education by correspondence has been upgraded by twenty-first century technology. Distance education has vastly benefited from the media boom with telecasts and broadcasts limiting the dependence on the written word. In the past, distance education was primarily delivered through mail and was called correspondence course. The medium of instruction was mainly through books, paper documents and other printed materials. Contrary to classroom learning, instructions provided by professors or teachers were delivered in print to the learners who didn't have the opportunity to have interactive classes. Queries and notes were interchanged between teachers and students and vice versa. But now the trend is fully replaced by colourful computer-based graphic resources. Computer-based education has changed the traditional offerings of correspondence education. This medium of education converts the traditional static resources into interactive and interesting online modules for the learners. Moreover, online-learning retains most of the characteristics of the classical form of distance learning, while offering more sophisticated learning materials at a much reduced rate. At present, the concept of distance education with the help of media has gained wide popularity. The media boom with telecasts and broadcasts has to a large extent limited the dependence on the written word. Moreover, with the emergence of the Internet as a global media, the concept of distance learning has been revolutionized. From the age-old days, distance learning was mainly provided through correspondence. But the introduction of the Internet has changed the concept of distance learning to a great extent. Nowadays, distance learning programmes are increasingly being delivered through computer technologies but the traditional media is not totally useless as it helps in effective learning. We can define quality online education as a people-oriented, instructor-led activity, where the level of communication should be comparable with on-campus education. Due to the connectivity of the Internet, distance education is often called online learning because the Internet-connected computers bring the teacher and learner face to face, which substitutes/replaces classroom learning. Moreover, the Internet has also facilitated the students to study online from any location and at any convenient time. There are numerous factors which have contributed to the increasing popularity of the distance education through media. With the introduction of online learning in universities, distance learning has gained immense importance. Online learning has assumed the role of an important media for imparting distance education. It also went to the extent of providing quality online courses which have become almost comparable to the traditional classroom learning. Now students can get access to a broad range of disciplines from any location. With the mingling of online learning and distance education, education is no longer a constraint for any class of the society. Distance education can also be termed as Interactive Telecommunications system. Interactive telecommunications systems broadly mean that the instructors and the learners use a variety of technological resources while teaching and learning from a distance. Nowadays, many universities have come up with the idea of transferring its on-campus learning into online learning. Now we see an excessive use of media in education. Media has made its presence felt everywhere, be it by television, radio or computers, the most popular medium of imparting education. Unlike the past, education and examination is no longer monotonous (乏味的). With the introduction of media, education has assumed a different role. We can see that before the board exams or any competitive exams, different medias like television, radio, etc. come out with different education-related programs to help students to deal with their study materials. These media channels rope in different intellectuals, professors and teachers of different institutions to guide the students with their valuable suggestions and give them necessary moral boost to cope up with their burden of studies. The most important advantage of online distance education is to earn a degree from one's home or workplace. In traditional distance learning, interaction is limited to a certain point and feedback from the other side is often delayed because of slow postal systems. It has helped a large number of people to pursue education, who don't even have the time to enroll for regular courses. Moreover, it is usually easier and less competitive to obtain admission for the online courses. In case of online distance courses, learning is more fun and interactive. It is also flexible. It is possible to incorporate charts, maps, graphs, moving images, slides, video clippings and even audio recordings with the course material. It helps to understand the entire syllabus without the help of a teacher. The students are able to interact with their peers through online class projects, e-mails and also with the help of online conferencing. This interaction with the help of media using e-mail, conference calls and chat makes learning easier and entertaining. It substitutes the face-to-face experiences of traditional learning. The availability of online libraries with their huge collection of books has also made the learning process easier and worthwhile. Speaking about the economic side of online distance learning, it is seen that most of the time, the expense of a regular course is much higher than the online courses. The media-related online distance learning is relatively economical than the traditional class-room learning. Nevertheless, keeping in mind its positive effects on individuals, these computer-based distance education continues to grow. 1. According to the author, education is sure to be limited to a certain scope without the use of media. 2. Correspondence course was the major form of distance education in the past with the teaching being fulfilled through mail. 3. Computer-based education has taken place of correspondence course because it offers colorful pictures as well as words. 4. The appearance of distance learning produces a big effect on the society and leads to the revolution of a whole age. 5. With the use of the Internet, the traditional media has been out of date because of its ineffectiveness in distance education. 6. Now students have a variety of course choices when registering for an online learning no matter where they are. 7. Interactive online learning cart be realized when teachers and students use technological resources in education. 8. Instructors from different institutions can be integrated as a whole to offer students both academic suggestions and courage on ______. 9. Unlike traditional distance learning, online learning doesn’t use postal system, therefore can avoid ______. 10. Students can turn to methods such as online class projects, e-mails and online conferencing to fulfill ______. Part ? Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 11. A) He was offered a movie ticket. B) He received a traffic ticket. C) He works very carefully. D) He always drives carelessly. 12. A) She prefers apples for dessert. B) She wants to have some oranges. C) She doesn't want to have dessert. D) She prefers bananas for dessert. 13. A) He likes the black and white sweater. B) He doesn't like either. C) He likes the white dress. D) He likes all of them. 14. A) He needs a long-sleeved shirt. B) It doesn't fit him very well. C) He hasn't had time to try it on yet. D) He is not sure he likes the style. 15. A) The woman did her share in doing the job. B) The woman did not help to help fulfill the plan. C) The man took for granted the woman's help. D) The man doesn't thank the woman for her help. 16. A) She doesn't like to go shopping. B) She preferred shopping to studying. C) She doesn't live near shops. D) She went shopping yesterday. 17. A) She likes the first one though it is expensive. B) She doesn't like both of them. C) She's going to choose the cheaper one to save money. D) She prefers the expensive one with less maintaining cost. 18. A) The apples are delicious. B) The apples might not be so good. C) The apples are not in the season. D) The apples are very good. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. A) He uses it for his job. B) He spends too much time on the bus. C) He lives too far from the university. D) He would feel safer at night with a car. 20. A) Ask about the mile-age. B) Avoid buying an old ear. C) Get a mechanical inspection. D) Check the service records. 21. A) He is an expert of car sales. B) He is a mechanic of cars. C) He is the owner of the ear. D) He is an inspector. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 22. A) In a shop today. B) In a street today. C) In the street yesterday. D) In a shop yesterday. 23. A) It sold sport shoes near a bank. B) It sold sport shoes but soon went bankrupt. C) It sold sport suits near a bank. D) It sold sport suits but soon went bankrupt. 24. A) Because his beer was not fine. B) Because he sold hard drinks. C) Because he sold beer. D) Because his hard drinks were not fine. 25. A) Some people didn't support him. B) Some people are jealous of him. C) His wife wanted him to give up his business. D) He has no confidence to run his business any more. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26. A) Take with them a gift for the host. B) Take with them a gift for the host's children. C) Take with them a gift for the host's wife. D) Take with them a gift for everyone of the host's family. 27. A) A gift of money. B) A gift showing appreciation. C) Fruits for the entire family. D) Sweets for the children. 28. A) On weekend party. B) On birthday party. C) On overnight party. D) On the wedding. Passage Two Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard. 29. A) Because all the buildings in the city look alike. B) Because there are no signs to direct them. C) Because no tour guides are available. D) Because the university is everywhere in the city. 30. A) They award their own degrees. B) They select their own students. C) They set their own exams. D) They organize their own laboratory work. 31. A) They were not treated equally until 1881. B) They were not awarded degrees until 1948. C) They have no exams until 1948. D) Very few of them are engaged in research. Passage Three Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 32. A) It has a negative effect on the natural environment. B) The quality of our life is decreased. C) The world's population is approaching certain limits on growth. D) Natural resources are used up. 33. A) Because it can create the capital needed to improve our quality of life. B) Because it can provide natural resources to industry. C) Because it can make the quality ot life decrease. D) Because it can control the world's population. 34. A) The advantages of the economic growth. B) The disadvantages of the economic growth. C) The importance of the economic growth. D) The debate about whether the economic growth is desirable. 35. A) The author is in favor of economic growth. B) The author is against continued economic growth. C) The author does not show his point of view. D) The author is very glad to join the discussion. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. Advertising is a way of bringing (36) to the public for the purpose of selling a product, a service, an idea, or an (37) . The information is transmitted by means of (38) word or over the air. It may be presented as a simple (39) of fact, or as more often, it may be offered in colorful or even (40) language. All advertising is intended to (41) people to do some specific things, such as buy a product, order a service, join an organization, or (42) a meeting and so on. Each advertisement is paid for by a person, a group, an organization, or a business (43) seeking to advance his or its goals. In a modern society, everyone uses advertising in one way or another. A person may obtain a job by answering a classified ad, or sometimes called a small ad. It is placed in a newspaper by those wishing to sell or buy something, lease or rent something, offer or get employment, etc. (44) . In choosing food products and other items of daily living, he is usually guided or influenced by advertising. (45) . Advertising has certainly played, an important part in making modern goods and services available to the general public, it hastened container's acceptance of such new products as cars, telephones, electric refrigerators, and frozen foods. (46) . Part ? Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheer 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Thanksgiving is America's national holiday for giving thanks to God. Thanksgiving Day has a special (47) for Americans because it is traced back to that group of people who were among the first to come to the New World in search of freedom. In 1620, 102 sea weary (疲倦的) Pilgrims landed on the peninsula of Cape Cod. Their ship, the Mayflower, had (48) to go to Virginia, but it made its landfall far to the north. After some weeks of (49) they decided not to make the trip to Virginia but to remain where they were. But when they stepped ashore in this (50) alien world, they were totally isolated from any outside (51) and knew no means of livelihood. And the greater trouble is that in the woods live Indians, some of whom were (52) . This added to the hardship of daily life. But the vast (53) of forests gave them a hope. In this way, the nation's forefathers not only (54) the first severe winter, but also saw the first harvest of crops in the next autumn. Their Indian friends were also invited to join their festival. This story is told every year to young children in schools as Thanksgiving Day (the fourth clay of November) (55) . Today, in US Thanksgiving Day is celebrated by many Americans whose roots do not stem from Britain. Now it is marked by families gathering together to enjoy a (56) dinner for roast turkey, and to tell the things for which they are thankful. A) approaches F) utterly K) exploring B) hostile G) survived L) structure C) traditional H) assistance M) significance D) justified I) intended N) interfered E) stretches J) appropriate O) normally Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Desertification (沙漠化) in the dry United States is very serious. Groundwater supplies beneath vast stretches of land are dropping rapidly. Many river systems have dried up. Hundreds of thousands of acres of previously irrigated cropland have been abandoned to wind or weeds. Several million acres of natural grassland are eroded at unnaturally high rates as a result of cultivation or overgrazing (过度放牧). All told, about 225 million acres of land are under severe desertification. Federal subsidies (补贴) encourage the exploitation of dry land resources. Low-interest loans for irrigation and other water delivery systems encourage farmers and industry to mine groundwater. Federal disaster relief and commodity program encourage dry-land farmers to plow up natural grassland to plant crops such as wheat, especially, cotton. Federal grazing fees that are well below the free market price encourage over-grazing of the commons. The market, too, provides powerful incentives (激励) to exploit dry land resources beyond their carrying capacity. The incentives to exploit dry land resources are greater than ever. The government is now offering huge new subsidies to produce synthetic fuel from coal oil as well as alcohol fuel from crops. Moreover, commodity prices are on the rise; and they will provide farmers and agricultural businesses with powerful incentives to overexploit arid land resources. The existing federal government cost-share programs designed to help finance the conservation as soil, water, and vegetation are pale in comparison to such incentives. In the final analysis, when viewed in the national perspective, the effects on agriculture are the most troublesome aspect of desertification in the US. For it comes at a time when we are losing over a million acres of rain-watered crop and grass land per year to higher uses—shopping centers, industrial parks, housing development, and waste dump—regardless of the economic need of the US to export agricultural products or of the world's need US food and fiber. Today the dry West accounts for 20 percent of the nation's total agricultural output. If the US is, as it appears, well in its way toward overdrawing the dry land resources, then the policy choice is simply to pay now for the appropriate remedies or pay for later when productive benefits from arid land resources have been both realized and largely terminated. 57. Which of the following is mentioned as a result of severe desertification? A) The shrinking of forest coverage. B) The lack of water supplies. C) A quickly decreasing production of crops. D) A large area of cropland changed into grassland. 58. From the second and third paragraphs we learn that ______. A) more government money is being used freely to protect lands from desertification B) the exploitation of the existing dry land is against the market C) the federal government favors farmers a lot over workers in companies D) great effort has been made by the government to make use of dry land 59. Which of the following is true about the existing federal government cost-share programs? A) It cost the farmers a lot of money. B) Its main aim is to develop economy. C) It is smaller compared to the dry land exploration. D) It is very effective to the dry land exploration. 60. The higher uses are criticized by the author because ______. A) both the world and America need the land for agricultural aims B) they bring about a large amount of waste of resources C) Americans do not need that many shopping centers and apartments D) industrial parks and waste dumps are seriously polluting the environment 61. What can we learn about the policy choice in the last sentence? A) It's the best way to solve the desertification in America. B) It's the way which America is undertaking now. C) The Americans will benefit a lot from it in the future. D) It's a costing and ineffective way to solve the desertification in America. Passage Two No document is safe any more. Faking once the domain of skilled deceivers that used expensive engraving (雕刻) and printing equipment, has gone mainstream since the price of desktop-publishing systems has dropped. In ancient times, faking was a hanging offence. Today, desktop counterfeiters have little reason to worry about prison, because the systems they use are universal and there is no means of tracing forged documents to the machine that produced them. This, however, may soon change thanks to technology development by George Chiu, an anti-faking engineer. His approach is based on detecting imperfections in the print quality of documents. Old-school court scientists were able to trace documents to particular typewriters based on quirks (沟槽) of the individual keys. He employs a similar approach, exploiting the fact that the rotating drums and mirrors inside a printer are imperfect pieces of engineering which leave unique patterns of banding in their products. Although these patterns are invisible to the naked eye, they can be detected and analyzed by computer programs, and it is these that Dr. Chiu has spent the past year devising. So far, he cannot trace individual printers, but he can tell pretty reliably which make and model of printer was used to create a document. That, however, is only the beginning. While it remains to be seen whether it will be possible to trace a counterfeit document back to its guilty creator on the basis of manufacturing imperfections, Dr. Chiu is now working out ways to make those imperfections deliberate. He wants to modify the printing process so that unique, invisible signatures can be incorporated into each machine produced which would make nay document traceable. Ironically, it was after years of collaborating with printing companies to reduce banding and thus increase the quality of prints, that he came up with the idea of introducing artificial banding that could encode identification information into a document. Using the banding patterns of printers to secure documents would be both cheap to implement and hard, if not impossible, for those without specialist knowledge and hardware to hide out. Not surprising, the American Secret Service is monitoring the progress of this research very closely, and is providing guidelines to help Dr. Chiu to travel in what the service thinks is the right direction, which is fine for catching criminals. But how the legal users of printers will react to Big Brother being able to track any document back to his source remains to be seen. 62. By saying "no document is safe any more", the author probably means ______. A) affordable printers make it possible for anyone to forge documents B) the American Secret Service will be able to trace any document C) every printed document will be secretly marked out through high-tech D) counterfeiters have more advanced technology to use 63. What lies at the core of both old and new ways of anti-faking is ______. A) the quirks of the keys of the typewriters B) the drums and mirrors of the printers C) the subtle defects of printing devices D) the special skills of the experts 64. According to Dr. Chiu, what makes it possible to track down any paper work is to ______. A) make all the imperfections of machines deliberate B) find out the guilty creator of the counterfeit document C) allow more imperfectly designed printers to be sold D) mark all the printers in a special and secret way 65. The advantage of using banding patterns to trace documents is that it ______. A) is economically affordable and technically practical B) strengthens the cooperation between printing companies C) makes printers cheaper and hard to be taken around D) is able to identify even the most specialized criminals 66. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______. A) Dr. Chiu will be remembered for his special contribution B) the tracking of all documents might result in controversies C) American Secret Service is heavily financing Dr. Chiu's research D) printer manufacturers are reluctant to implement deliberate banding Part ? Cloze Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. The origin of man is an extremely controversial issue. Scientists have a host of different theories pertaining to man's inhabitancy of earth. Many (67) arise between scientists who have different beliefs about how mankind arose. One such argument is the conflict (68) the theory of evolution versus the theory of creation. After (69) scientific researches in various field, it is (70) that the theory of evolution is correct. Life arose by natural (71) at an early stage of the earth's history and (72) organisms developed from simpler organisms by slow changes. In other words, new species arise from older species after thousands of years of (73) chemical, environmental, and genetic change. Evolution can also be (74) as the complex processes by which living organisms (75) on earth and have been diversified and (76) through sustained changes. Scientists, looking for an (77) to the origin of man created evolutionism, which also (78) answers to questions dealing (79) similarities between species. Unlike the theory of creation, which states that the complexity of life can only be explained (80) a supernatural creator, the theory of evolution has been (81) . Several observations support the theory of evolution. One observation is in the geologic record, which is the rock scheme found within the earth's outer crust. By means of radioactive dating, the (82) of rocks on earth have been (83) . It is a timetable of the earth's geologic history. This combined with the fossil record, another observation (84) the evolutionary hypothesis, has produced an apparent (85) of life forms from most simple ones to most complex ones during the history. Fossils are remains of traces of a once-living organism, which are formed (86) preservation. 67. A) disagreements B) achievements C) commitments D) compliments 68. A) evolving B) involving C) enveloping D) affecting 69. A) excessive B) cohesive C) extensive D) exclusive 70. A) coherent B) apparent C) current D) inherent 71. A) processes B) procedures C) proportions D) progresses 72. A) common B) inferior C) crude D) complex 73. A) continual B) casual C) gradual D) factual 74. A) declared B) described C) concluded D) conducted 75. A) invented B) brought C) originated D) created 76. A) alternated B) modified C) switched D) substituted 77. A) equation B) application C) abbreviation D) explanation 78. A) represented B) sought C) demanded D) provided 79. A) on B) with C) to D) for 80. A) on all sides B) on account of C) in terms of D) in any term 81. A) improved B) proved C) approved D) removed 82. A) bottoms B) shapes C) formations D) ages 83. A) devised B) deviated C) protected D) determined 84. A) supporting B) suspending C) sustaining D) suspecting 85. A) interference B) consistence C) sequence D) consequence 86. A) by B) with C) in D) for Part ? Translation Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2. 87. After several rounds of discussion, we finally ______ (在自由贸易问上达成了). 8. Cultural invasion is likely to ______ (对文化多样性产生消极的影响). 8 89. He is one of the boys who ______ (很难打定主意) in his class. 90. He ______ (夸大了这个手术的危险) in order to frighten the patient into not taking it. 91. It is with great pleasure that I hear of your promotion, please ______ (接受我诚挚的祝贺). Key to Model Test Four Part ? Writing 写作点拨 ?审题及布局。此题要求写一篇运动会上的开幕词。写作时要注意开幕词的写作原则，表达清楚发言 的目的。在布局上，按照提纲的要求展开写作即可。第一段表明自己的身份和发言的主要内容;第二段对 到场的领导和老师给予的支持表示感谢，并阐述体育运动的益处;第三段预祝此次运动会取得圆满的成功。 ?语言。本文是一篇应用文[考频:5]:开幕词。语言要热情洋溢，要让听众感受到运动会召开给大家带来 的激动和喜悦的心情。表达要简洁、清晰。就时态而言，因为多为讲述现在事实，采用一般现在时即可。 写作 ______, Good morning! I am ______. It's my great honor to be the spokesman of ______ to extend our heartfelt welcome to all of you. As the ______, we have been busy preparing for______ and looking forward to the ______. At the happy moment, we are more than glad to see so many people ______. We are very grateful to ______ who have given us enormous help. Special thanks also go to ______ for ______. ______ can not only ______, but also ______. I hope everyone can enjoy ______ At last, let's give best wishes to ______. Wish it a great success and good luck to all of the ______. [范文点评] An Opening Speech ? Ladies and gentlemen, ? Good morning! I am Li Ming. It's my great honor to be the spokesman of the Students' Union to extend our heartfelt welcome to all of you. ? As the important organizer of the 18th sports meeting, we have been busy preparing for two months and looking forward to the opening. ? At the happy moment, we are more than glad to see so many people join this significant activity. We are very grateful to the college leaders and faculty members who have given us enormous help. Special thanks also go to our schoolmates for your enthusiastic participation. ? Sports can not only help us build a strong body, but also promote friendship. I hope everyone can enjoy the excitement and happiness through sports. ? At last, let's give best wishes to this sports meeting. Wish it a great success and good luck to all of the athletes and spectators. Part ? Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 1(Y) [线索词] be limited to [定位] 定位到首段第三、四句Now education is no longer a constraint for anyone(Media has brought education to the doorstep of each and every individual( [精析] 同义转述题[考频:22]。本题考查教育与媒介的关系。根据该句中no longer a constraint和to the doorstep of each and every individual可知，媒介的运用使所有的人都可以得到教育。由此可推断，如果没有 媒介，并非所有人都能够得到教育。因此题干的说法与原文意思相符。 2(Y) [线索词] correspondence course [定位] 定位到第三段第三句In the past，distance education was primarily delivered through mail and was called correspondence course. [精析] 细节归纳题[考频:8]。此处考查函授课的概念。根据该句primarily和delivered through mail可判断 题干的说法与原文相符。 3(N) [线索词] computer-based education [定位] 定位到第四段第三，四句This medium of education converts the traditional static resources into interactive and interesting online modules... offering more sophisticated learning materials at a much reduced rate( [精析] 细节推断题[考频:2]。此处考查基于电脑的教育代替函授课的原因。该段首先提出基于电脑的教育 代替了函授课。而后面的细节给?原因，其中重点是interactive and interesting online modules及offering more sophisticated learning materials at a much reduced rate。因此题干说法与原文不符。 4(NG) [线索词] distance learning [定位] 定位到第四段第四句Moreover，online-learning retains most of the characteristics of the classical form of distance learning...以及后面相关处。 [精析] 综合推断题[考频:2]。本文主要是讲网络的出现深刻改变了远程教育的概念，并对远程教育产生了深刻的影响，但并没有提及远程教育对于社会和时代的影响。因此题干内容文中未提到。 5(N) [线索词] the traditional media [定位] 定位到第六段首句Nowadays，distance learning programmes are increasingly being delivered through computer technologies but the traditional media is not totally useless as it helps in effective learning( [精析] 信息明示题[考频:2]。本题考查网络的应用与传统媒介的关系。根据原句中is not totally useless可知，传统媒介还有价值，仍未过时，因此题干中out of date与原文不符;此外，题干中ineffectiveness也与原文 effective矛盾。因此题干说法与原文不符。 6(Y) [线索词] a variety of course choices [定位] 定位到第七段第五句Now students can get access to a broad range of disciplines from any location( [精析] 同义转述题[考频:22]。本题考查网络教学的实用情况。原句中a broad range of disciplines和from any location分别与题干中a variety of course choices和no matter where they are相对应，意思相同。因此题干的说法与原文相符。 7(N) [线索词] technological resources [定位] 定位到第八段第二句Interactive telecommunications systems broadly mean that the instructors and the learners use a variety of technological resources while teaching and learning from a distance( [精析] 细节归纳题[考频:8]。本题考查网上互动式教学的实现条件。根据原句，条件有两个:一是使用technological resources;二是教学双方需要有一定的距离(from a distance)。但题干中没有提到第二个条件，因此与原文不符。 8(coping up with burden of studies [线索词] instructors from different institutions [定位] 定位到第九段末句These media channels rope in different intellectuals，professors and teachers of different institutions to guide the students... to cope up with their burden of studies( [精析] 综合理解题[考频:3]。此处要求填入名词性短语做介词on的宾语。根据原文可知，教师力量集中起来，为学生提供两种服务:guide the students with their valuable suggestions和give them necessary moral boost to cope up with their burden of studies。题干中academic suggestions与前者对应，故后者应为答案。根据题干的语法要求将动词不定式短语改为动名词短语coping up with burden of studies，可得本题答案。 9(delay of feedback from the other side [线索词] postal system [定位] 定位到第十段第二句In traditional distance learning，interaction is limited to a certain point and feedback from the other side is often delayed because of slow postal systems( [精析] 同义转述题[考频:22]。此处要求填入名词性短语作avoid的宾语。根据原句可知，由于传统的远程教学需要通过邮政系统进行，教学反馈常会因此延误。由此可推断网络教学因为不需使用邮政系统，会避免出现教学反馈延误的现象。这里根据句意和avoid的语法需要，须将原句中的主谓结构改为名词性短语，可得答案为delay of feedback from the other side。 10(the interaction with their peers [线索词] online class projects，e-mails and online conferencing [定位] 定位到第十一段第五句The students are able to interact with their peers through online class projects， e-mails and also with the help of online conferencing( [精析] 同义转述题[考频:22]。此处要求填入名词性短语作fulfill的宾语。根据文意及fulfill的语法需要，将原句中动词不定式短语to interact with their peers改写成名词性的短语the interaction with their peers，即 为答案。 Part ? Listening Comprehension Section A 11(W: I thought you were going to drive carefully so you wouldn't get a traffic ticket. M: I was, but it didn't work out that way. Q: What can we assume about the man? B) [听前预测] 根据选项中的ticket，drives，carefully，works等词语，可知对话可能是关于票据方面。 [答案详解] 推理判断题[考频:53]。女士说她认为男士如果小心开车，就不会被开罚单。男士说他也小心 了，但事与愿违。因此可知他收到了罚单。故正确答案为B)。 12(M: What would you like to have for dessert, apples or oranges? W: I'd like to have oranges rather than apples. But usually I prefer bananas to anything else. Q: What does the woman want to have for dessert? B) [听前预测] 由选项中的apple，orange，banana，dessert等词语可知对话可能与饭后甜品有关。 [答案详解] 语义理解题[考频:16]。男士问女士饭后食品吃哪种，苹果还是橘子。女士说吃橘子，但她通 常更喜欢香蕉。因此要把握住供选择的只有苹果和橘子。女士选择了橘子。故选项B)正确。 13(W: Which of these sweaters do you like better? M: That is not on easy question for me to answer, since white isn't my favorite color and the other one is too fancy for me. Q: What conclusion can be drawn from the man's answer? B) [听前预测] 选项中出现了black，white，sweater，dress等词语，可推断对话可能与对衣服的选择有关。 [答案详解] 推理判断题[考频:53]。女士问男士更喜欢哪件毛衣。男士说虽然白色不是他最喜欢的，但别 的也太花哨了。因此可推断他哪一件都不太喜欢。故正确答案为B)。 14(W: Have you had a chance to wear your new shirt yet? You must look good in it. M: That reminds me. I've been meaning to exchange it for a larger size. Q: What does the man imply about the shirt? B) [听前预测] 由选项中的shirt，fit，try，style等词语可推断对话是关于衬衫等衣物合不合身的问题。 [答案详解] 弦外之音题[考频:9]。女士问男士有没有穿过新衬衫。男士说这提醒他了，他想换大点儿号的。 因此可知衬衫不是很合身。故正确答案为D)。 15(W: John, they say you were quite successful in correcting the plan ahead of schedule. M: Well, I would be on my way doing the job if it had not been for your help last year. Q: What can we learn from the conversation? A) [听前预测] 由选项中的share in doing the job，help fulfil，woman's help，thank the woman等短语可推 断对话可能与女士帮男士做某事有关。 [答案详解] 语义推断题[考频:16]。女士说听说男士很成功地在预定之前改正了计划。男士说如果去 年没有女士的帮助，他可能现在还没完成呢。因此可推知女士帮男士分担了一些工作。故正确答案为A)。 16(W: Didn't Mary go shopping with you yesterday? She is on holiday as far as I know. M: Even if she hadn't had a lot of studying, she would have preferred to stay at home. Q: What does the man imply about Mary? A) [听前预测] 四个选项的主语均为She，由此可知对话与She有关。由选项内容可推测本题询问She对 shopping的意向。 [答案详解] 语义理解题[考频:16]。女士问男士Mary在放假，昨天有没有和他去shopping。男士说即使 她没有很多功课也更愿意待在家里。因此可推断Mary不喜欢shopping。故正确答案为A)。 17(M: Of the two houses we've seen, which one do you think fits our needs better, the first one or the second one? W: The second one. It seems very expensive, but in the long run it will save us money on the maintenance. Q: What does the woman say about her choice of house? D) [听前预测] 根据选项可知对话可能关于女士对贵的和便宜的某物的选择。 [答案详解] 推理判断题[考频:53]。男士问女士认为哪一个房子更能满足他们的需要。女士认为第二个虽 然贵点，但长期看来能够节省维护费用。因此女士想选择价钱贵但维护费低的房子。故正确答案为D)。 18(W: I intend to buy some fruit for the children. These apples seem to be in season. I'll get two dozen. M: I hope they're as good as they look. Q: What does the man mean? B) [听前预测] 由选项可知对话与apple有关。由选项内容推测对话可能是讨论苹果好不好吃、应不应季 的问题。 [答案详解] 语义推断题[考频:12]。女士说想买些苹果，这些苹果看起来很应季。男士说希望苹果像看起 来得一样好。因此可推断男士认为苹果可能不像看起来那样好。故选项B)正确。 Conversation One M: Hi, Mary. W: Hi, Thomas. What's happening? M: Well, I've decided I have to get a car. W: You're going to buy a car? Do you really need one? I'd probably still be driving except that my car broke down last yean Instead of getting another one, I just moved closer to the university and went back to riding a bike—better for the environment, better for my health and 1 save a lot of money. M: Did it really cost that much? W: Well, when you think of insurance, rising petrol costs, parking plus maintenance and repairs, it adds up. M: I know it's going to be expensive but I really need my own transport. It takes half an hour by bus each way to university as it is. (19) But now I'm working at night in the city. There's no way I want to hang around waiting for a bus late at night and then walk 3 blocks home alone. W: Hey, I think you've got a point there. So what kind of car are you looking at? M: It's a 90 Ford. The owner is asking $2000. W: That's pretty old. How many kilometers has it done? M: Oh, I forgot to ask. I'll have to check tonight when I go to see it. Would you be able to come with me to have a look at it? At about 7 o'clock? W: Sure I will, but I don't know a lot about cars. I do know one thing, though. (20)(21) I wouldn't buy an old car without having a mechanic look at it first. (21) Why not ask Joho to come with us since he is an expert in this field? M: That's a great idea. 19(Why does Thomas need a car? D) [听前预测] 四个选项的主语均为He，而且B)和D)两个选项分别出现bus和car一词，由此推断本题 可能与“他”和“车”有关。 [答案详解] 目的原因题[考频:4]。本题关键句为“But now I'm working at night in the city. There's no way I want to hang around waiting for a bus late at night and then walk 3 blocks home alone.”他现在晚上工作，但他 不想晚上独自等公交车，下车再走三个街区回家。故正确答案为D)。 20(What does Mary recommend? C) [听前预测] 四个选项均以动词原形开头，由此推测本题可能考查某种行为，根据选项内容，可推测本 题可能与买车有关。 [答案详解] 事实细节题[考频:14]。本题关键句为“I wouldn't buy an old car without having a mechanic look at it first.”由此可知，如果没有机械师先帮助检查一下，Mary是不会买旧车的。因此Mary建议先找机械 师检查一下。故正确答案为C)。 21(What do we learn about John from the conversation? B) [听前预测] 由选项中的expert，mechanic，owner，inspector可知本题与人物的职业身份有关。 [答案详解] 综合推断题[考频:1]。参照第20题，及“Why not ask John to come with us since he is an expert in this field?”Mary建议找机械师帮助检查一下，又说为什么不找Joho呢，他是这方面的专家。故正确答 案为B)。 Conversation Two W: I haven't seen Mike for years. How is he getting along? M: (22) I came across him in the street only yesterday and he told me that he was having trouble with his new business. W: He has set up another business? I knew nothing about it. M: (23) He managed a shop last year selling sport clothes but it soon went bankrupt. So he changed his mind. W: What is he doing now? M: He is managing a bar. And this is also in a pretty bad stale. W: Sorry to hear that, but that should be what he's good at. M: Yes. But he was fined and threatened to close the bar. W: What went wrong? M: (24) He's only licensed to sell beer, but he sold hard drinks. W: He should have minded his steps. But that shouldn't be the reason for... M: Well... He has had several other setbacks, too. W: Misfortunes never come alone. What setbacks? M: (25) The people around him did not support him. Some even tried to play down him. W: They are jealous, aren't they? M: Worse than that. Some people even tried to encourage him against his wife, because she wants him to give up the business. W: I can't believe that. M: And Mike was in a ruined mood. W: Let's go and have a good talk with Mike's wife. We need to persuade her to support him. M: You've taken the words put of my mouth. 22(When and where did the man meet Mike? C) [听前预测] 通过选项可知本题询问地点和时间。 [答案详解] 地点方位、时间题[考频:1]。本题关键句为“I came across him in the street only yesterday”，对 话中一方昨天在街道上碰见迈克。故正确答案为C)。 23(What do we learn about Mike's shop? D) [听前预测] 通过选项可知本题询问某店销售什么产品。 [答案详解] 事实细节题[考频:14]。本题关键句为“He managed a shop last year selling sport clothes but it soon went bankrupt.”迈克去年开了一家销售运动服的商店，但很快倒闭了。故正确答案为D)。 24(Why was Mike threatened to close his bar? B) [听前预测] 四个选项均以Because开头，由此可知本题询问原因，由sold beer，sold hard drinks，not fine 等词可以推测，本题可能与销售啤酒或烈酒有关。 [答案详解] 目的原因题[考频:10]。本题关键句为“He's only licensed to sell beer，but he sold hard drinks.” 迈克只有销售啤酒的执照，可是他也销售烈酒。故正确答案为B)。 25(Which is NOT among the setbacks Mike meet? D) [听前预测] 由选项中的didn't support，jealous，give up，no confidence等词可以推测，本题可能与放 弃做某事的原因有关。 [答案详解] 综合推断题[考频:1]。本题为排除题。A)、B)、C)选项所提及的人们不支持他，嫉妒他，他妻 子也不支持他，这些都可以在文中找到答案，而D)选项“他没有信心再经营下去”在对话中没有提到。故 选项D)为正确答案。 Section B Passage One When you wish to give someone a gift it is always good to remember some of the basic rules. Consider the age and sex and the length of your acquaintance as well as the occasion. You should know when it is all right to give a gift of money, and when it would be improper. In any case, when you receive a present, don't forget to send a thank you note as soon as you possibly can. (26) Often people like to take with them a gift for the host's wife of a party they have been invited to. This can be something just for the host's wife, or something for the party, like sweets or fruits, things which all may enjoy. (27) If you stay at a friend's house overnight or for a weekend it is usual to take a gift showing appreciation for their friendliness and their kindness. Again, you may choose something for the host's wife alone or for the entire family. Sometimes it is not possible to return a favor as you would like to. When this happens you may show your own thoughtfulness by giving a thank you gift, especially if you can find something unusual. (28) Weddings are times when gifts of money are greatly appreciated and quite acceptable. You should never leave money when you have been a weekend guest. Try to use imagination in choosing a thank-you gift, 26(What do people usually do if they are invited to a party? C) [听前预测] 由选项中的take，gift，host，host's wife等词可以推测，本题是关于拜访他人时应带什么 礼品。 [答案详解] 事实细节题[考频:63]。本题询问如果被邀请参加聚会通常带什么礼品。本题关键句为“Often people like to take with them a gift for the host's wife of a party they have been invited to.”如果被邀请参加聚 会，人们通常给女主人带一件礼品。故正确答案为C)。 27(What kind of gift should you take if you stay at a friend's home for a weekend? B) [听前预测] 由选项中的gift，money，sweet for the children等词可以推测，本题与礼品的种类有关。 [答案详解] 事实细节题[考频:63]。本题询问如果在朋友家过周末应送什么礼品。本题关键句为“If you stay at a friend's house overnight or for a weekend it is usual to take a gift showing appreciation for their friendliness and their kindness.”如果在朋友家过夜或过周末，通常带能够表示感谢的礼品。故正确答案为B)。 28(On what occasion are gifts of money quite acceptable? D) [听前预测] 由选项中的weekend party，birthday party，overnight party等词可以推测，本题询问某种场 合。 [答案详解] 事实细节题[考频:63]。本题询问什么场合送钱比较合适。本题关键句为“Weddings are times when gifts of money are greatly appreciated and quite acceptable.”参加婚礼时送钱是最合适的。故正确答案为 D)。 Passage Two "Where is the university?" is a question many visitors to Cambridge ask, but (29) no one could point them in any one direction because there is no campus. The university consists of thirty-one self-governing colleges. It has lecture halls, libraries, laboratories, museums and offices throughout the city. (30) Individual colleges choose their own students, who have to meet the minimum entrance requirements set by the university. Undergraduates usually live and study in their colleges, where they are taught in very small groups. Lectures, and laboratory and practical work are organized by the university and held in university buildings. There are over 10000 undergraduates and 3 500 postgraduates. About forty percent of them are women and some eight percent from overseas. As well as teaching, research is of major importance. Since the beginning of the 20th century more than sixty university members have won Nobel prizes. The university has a huge number of buildings for teaching and research. It has more than sixty specialist subject libraries, as well as the University Library, which, as a copyright library, is entitled to a copy of every book published ill Britain. Examinations are set and degrees are awarded by the university. (31) It allowed women to take the university exams in 1881, but it was not until 1948 that they were awarded degrees. 29(Why is it difficult for visitors to locale Cambridge University? D) [听前预测] 通过选项可知本题询问原因。 [答案详解] 目的原因题[考频:10]。本题询问为什么游客很难确定剑桥大学的地点。本题关键句为“no one could point them in any one direction because there is no campus... It has lecture halls，libraries... throughout the city.”剑桥大学没有校园，由31个独立学院组成，讲堂、图书馆、实验室等遍布整个剑桥市。故正确答案 为D)。 30(What can we learn about the colleges of Cambridge University? B) [听前预测] 四个选项的主语均为They，可知本题询问与They有关的问题。根据选项内容推断They 是指大学或学院。 [答案详解] 事实细节题[考频:63]。本题询问剑桥大学的学院的有关问题。文中关键句为“Individual colleges choose their own students, who have to meet the minimum entrance requirements set by the university.”独立学院 自己选择学生，学生需要达到大学设定的最低录取要求。故正确答案为B)。 31(What does the passage tell us about women students in Cambridge University? B) [听前预测] 通过选项中not treated equally，not awarded等词语可推断主语They很可能指女性。 [答案详解] 事实细节题[考频:63]。本题询问剑桥大学中女学生的情况，本题关键句为“It allowed women to take the university exams in 1881，but it was not until 1948 that they were awarded degrees.”女生1881年才 被允许参加大学考试，但直到1948年才开始被授予学位。故正确答案为B)。 Passage Three (34) There is much discussion today about whether economic growth is desirable. At an earlier period, our desire for material wealth may have been justified. Now, however, this desire for more than we need is causing serious problems. Even though we have good intentions, we may be producing too much, too fast. Those who criticize economic growth argue that we must slow down. They believe that society is approaching certain limits on growth. These include the fixed supply of natural resources, (32) the possible negative effect of industry on the natural environment, and the continuing increase in the world's population. As society reaches these limits, economic growth can no longer continue and the quality of life will decrease. People who want more economic growth, on the other hand, argue that even at the present growth rate there are still many poor people in the world. (33) These supporters of economic growth believe that only more growth can create the capital needed to improve the quality of life in the world. Furthermore, they argue that only continued growth can provide the financial resources required to protect our natural surroundings from industrialization. This debate over the demand of continued economic growth is of vital importance to business and industry. If those who argue against economic growth are correct, the problems they mentioned cannot be ignored. (35) To find a solution, economists and business community must pay attention to these problems and continue discussing them with one another. 32(What do we learn about the negative effect of the development of industry? A) [听前预测] 由选项中的negative effect，decreased，used up等词可知，本题可能是关于某事的负面影 响的。 [答案详解] 细节辨认题[考频:16]。本题询问经济发展过速带来的负面影响。文中提到有的人认为经济发 展过快使得社会发展受限，其中包括自然资源的供应受限、工业对自然环境造成了负面影响，以及世界人 口的不断增加等，根据文中“the possible negative effect of industry on the natural environment...”可知应选 A)。 33(Why are some people in favor of the continued economic growth? A) [听前预测] 根据选项可知本题询问原因。通过推测可能是“它”的发展带来的益处。 [答案详解] 目的原因题[考频:10]。本题询问为什么有些人支持经济快速发展。本题关键句为“These supporters of economic growth believe that only more growth can create the capital needed to improve the quality of life in the world.”支持经济快速发展的人相信只有快速增长才能产生资本，以提高生活水平。故正确答 案为A)。 34(What does the passage mainly talk about? D) [听前预测] 通过四个选项的结构可以推测本题考查对文章主旨的把握。 [答案详解] 主旨大意题[考频:4]。本文开篇表明主旨“There is much discussion today about whether economic growth is desirable.”是否需要经济持续增长已有很多讨论。后面列举正反两方的观点加以论述。故正确答案为D)。 35(What's the author's attitude toward the debate on economic growth? C) [听前预测] 由选项中的in favor of，against，glad，point of view，economic growth等词可以推测本题考查作者对经济发展所持的态度。 [答案详解] 观点态度题[考频:1]。本题关键句为“To find a solution, economists and business community must pay attention to these problems and continue discussing them with one another.”作者认为，要找到结论需要经济学家和商业团体关注此问题并继续讨论。因此作者没有表明态度。故正确答案为C)。 Section C 36(information [听前预测] 由空格前的动词bring和空格后的介词to可知此处缺少名词。 [答案要诀] 语义推断题[考频:29]。本句的主语为“advertising(广告)”，我们知道广告的目的就是为公众提供信息或消息，因此此处应填表示“信息，消息”的词。 37(event [听前预测] 由空格前的不定冠词an可知此处应填名词。 [答案要诀] 同类列举题[考频:5]。分析句子结构不难看出，空格处所填的词与service，idea并列并属于同样性质的词。结合录音，此串不难填出。 38(printed [听前预测] 由空格后的word可推知此处缺少形容词做word的定语。 [答案要诀] 常识推断题[考频:1]。我们知道，信息主要通过两种方式来传递:一是通过刊登在报纸、期刊等上的文字;一是通过电视、收音机等的广播。因此，本空应填写printed。over the air意为“广播”。 39(statement [听前预测] 由空格前的simple和空格后的of可知此处缺少名词。 [答案要诀] 常用搭配题[考频:4]。simple statement of fact意为“事实的简单陈述”，fact常与state或statement搭配。 40(emotional [听前预测] 由空格前的or和空格后的language可知此处缺少一个与colorful并列的形容词。 [答案要诀] 语境推断题[考频:6]。本句意思为;人们可以通过简单地陈述事实来传递信息，但更经常的做法是，通过充满色彩甚至充满感情的语言来传递信息。根据上下文语境结合我们的常识，不难填出此空。 41(stimulate [听前预测] 由空格前的intended to可知此处缺少动词原形。 [答案要诀] 句意推断题[考频:8]。广告的目的就是为了让人们去消费，并且such as后出现了buy a product等短语，由此可知此处应填表示“刺激，鼓励”等意思的词。 42(attend [听前预测] 由本句中的such as可知，此处缺少与buy，order，join等并列的动词原形。 [答案要诀] 常用搭配题[考频:4]。该空与buy，order，join等词为并列关系，结合录音，此空不难填出。 43(enterprise [听前预测] 由空格前的a business和空格后的现在分词seeking可知此处缺少名词。 [答案要诀] 常用搭配题[考频:4]。该空前的几个词person，group，organization为依次推进的关系，由此可知此处应填比organization范围更大的词，如“大公司，大企业”之类的词。 44(A person may decide to join an organization whose advertisements express ideas that attract him [听写关键词] person，Join，organization，advertisements，express，attract 45(Advertisements may also influence his choice of a vacation spot，hotel，etc [听写关键词] Advertisements，influence，choice，vacation spot，hotel 46(It seeks to make each product represent a new and better way of life [听写关键词] seeks，product，represent，way of life Part ? Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) Section A 47(M)。名词辨义题[考频:12]。空格处单词位于形容词special之后，介词for之前，需要填入名词，由special修饰。该句意思为:对于美国人来说，这个节目可以追溯到一群为寻找自由而来到这个新世界的人们——即美国人的祖先，因而具有特殊“意义”。由此可知，M)significance“意义，重要性”符合题意。 48(I)。动词辨义题[考频:12]。空格处单词位于不定式符号to之前，因此需要填入不及物动词。根据but可知，最后靠岸的地方并不是最初打算去的地方。该句意思为:他们乘坐的“五月花”号船原本是要去弗吉尼亚的，但却在很北的地方靠了岸。由此可知，I)intended“意欲，计划”符合题意。intend to do sth. 意为“打算做某事”。 49(K)。动词辨义题[考频:11]。空格位于介词of之后，因此需要填入名词或动名词。该句意思为:经过几个星期的考查之后„„因此K)exploring“探险，探测，探究”符合题意。 50(F)。副词辨义题[考频:7]。空格处单词位于alien world之前，需要填入副词，修饰alien。此句要表达的意思是:当他们走上岸来，进入这个完全陌生的世界时„„，因此F)utterly“完全地，绝对地，彻底地”符合题意。 51(H)。名词辨义题[考频:12]。空格处单词位于形容词any和outside之后，所以需要填入名词。该句意思为:(在这个陌生的世界)他们不仅失去了外界所有的帮助，也不知道任何生存的办法。因此H)assistance“援助，帮助”符合题意。 52(B)。形容词辨义题[考频:8]。空格位于be动词之后，应填入形容词。根据文意，日常生活的更大困难是，森林深处的一些印第安人对白人充满了敌意。因此B)hostile“敌对的，敌方的”符合题意。 53(E)。名词辨义题[考频:12]。空格处单词位于定冠词the之后，介词of之前，应填入名词。该句意思为:但是一望无际的森林给了他们希望。stretch“土地、时间的延亘，连绵”，为可数名词，由此可见，E)stretches符合题意。 54(G)。动词辨义题[考频:11]。空格处缺少谓语动词，宾语为the first severe winter(第一个严寒的冬天)，因此需要填入及物动词。该句意思为:就这样，这个国家的祖先们度过了第一个严寒的冬天，并生存了下来。在第二年的秋天，他们迎来了自己的第一个收获。G)survived意为“在„„之后仍然生存”，符合题意。 55(A)。动词辨义题[考频:11]。空格处缺少谓语动词，没有直接宾语，因此需要填入不及物动词。此句意思为:每年，每当感恩节到来的时候，学校便向孩子们一次又一次地讲述这个故事。所以A)approaches“接近”符合题意。 56(C)。形容词辨义题[考频:8]。空格处缺少形容词，修饰dinner。根据roast turkey可知，感恩节家庭聚会一般为火鸡宴，历史悠久。因此traditional“传统的”符合题意。 Section B Passage One 57(B) [定位] 由题干中的severe desertification定位到原文首段前三句Desertification in the dry United States is very serious. Groundwater supplies beneath vast stretches of land are dropping rapidly(Many river systems have dried up( [精析] 事实细节题[考频:51]。原文首段在讲述沙漠化严重时列举了“地下水源储备下降、河流系统已经干洞”，由此可以推知，B)“供水的短缺”为正确答案。 [避错] A)“森林覆盖率的减少”在原文没有涉及，排除;原文虽提及“几十万亩以前灌溉了的粮田已经布满杂草，任风吹拂，无人过问”，但是没有提到“粮食迅速减产”，排除C);文中abandoned to weeds(布满杂草)并不是说改变成grassland(草地)，属理解错误，排除D)。 58(D) [定位] 由题干中的from the second and third paragraphs定位到原文第二、三段相关细节处。 [精析] 综合推断题[考频:18]。原文第二、三段都是在叙述政府有哪些措施去大力鼓励对干涸土地的利用。由此可以推知，政府付出了巨大的努力去利用干涸土地。D)与文意相符，为正确答案。 [避错] 由原文“为灌溉和其他的水运系统提供的低息贷款”可知(政府的钱并非免费的，排除A);由原文第二段末句“市场也提供了强劲的刺激机制去鼓励超负荷利用干早土地资源”可知，B)“对现有干旱土地的开发与市场相悖”错误，排除;C)中的workers in companies(工厂工人)在原文中并未提及，故排除。 59(C) [定位] 由题干中的the existing federal government cost-share programs定位到原文第三段末句The existing federal government cost-share programs designed to help finance the conservation as soil, water, and vegetation are pale in comparison to such incentives。 [精析] 事实细节题[考频:51]。由该句“现有的联邦政府的成本分摊项目主要是为了从经济上帮助水土和植被的保护，然而这与前面提到的鼓励措施相比可就逊色多了”可以推知，政府在对干旱土地开发的力度远远高于对水土植被保护的力度。故C)正确。 [避错] A)“花费农民大量钱财”在原文没有提及，可排除;由原文“主要是为了从经济上帮助水土和植被的保护”可以排除B)“其主要目的是发展经济”;由原文“主要是为了从经济上帮助水土和植被的保护”可知其目的并非为了开发干旱土地，故排除D)“对于旱土地的开发非常有效”。 60(A) [定位] 由题干中的the higher uses are criticized by the author定位到原文末段第二句For it comes at a time when we are losing over a million acres of rain-watered crop and pasture land per year to higher uses—shopping centres，industrial parks，housing development，and waste dump.... [精析] 目的原因题[考频:24]。原文中在提higher uses之后解释了原因，说“这些更高用途全然不顾美国出口农产品的经济需要和世界对美国食品和织物的需要”，由此反过来可推知，世界和美国都需要那些土地用作农业生产。故A)为正确答案。 [避错] 原文并没有提及大量的资源浪费，排除B)，C)“美国人并不需要那么多的购物中心和住宅”在原文也没有提及;原文虽提及工业园区和垃圾场，但并未说他们对环境的影响如何，故排除D)“工业园区和垃圾场严重污染环境”。 61(D) [定位] 由题干中的the policy choice in the last sentence定位到原文末段末句... then the policy choice is simply to pay now for the appropriate remedies or pay for later when productive benefits from arid land resources have been both realized and largely terminated( [精析] 语义理解题[考频:37]。由原文“那么现在政策上只有此选择:要么现在就为合理的补救付出代价，要么就在以后付出更加沉重的代价;那时从干旱土地资源中产生的利益已经被实现，同时也被开发殆尽”可以推知，此策略代价很高，并非有效地解决沙漠化的措施。故D)为正确答案。 [避错] 原文并没有说这是最好的解决方式，而且联系下文可推知该策略可能导致各种代价，排除A);由原文末句开头If可知这是假设，B)说现在美国正在实施，这与文意不符，排除:由原文“要么现在就为合理的补救付出代价，要么就在以后付出更加沉重的代价”可知C)“美国人在未来会因之受益颇多”不正确，排除。 Passage Two 62(A) [定位] 由题于中的no document is safe any more定位到原文首段首句No document is safe any more( [精析] 语义理解题[考频:37]。联系原文首段第二句“造假，本来是使用昂贵的篆刻和印刷机器的专业罪犯的领域，现在已经由于台式印刷系统价格的降低而成为主流”，这里强调了造假的普遍性，由此推知A)“买得起的打印机使每个人伪造文件成为可能”正确。 [避错] B)“美国保密局将能够追踪仟何义什”表达绝对化，且不能构成文件不安全的原因，排除;C)，“任何印刷的文件都会被利用高科技秘密地标记出来”，这只是Chiu博士的设想，还没有实现，故排除;D)“造假者可以利用更加发达的科技”没有指明价格这个使其普遍化的主要因素，也排除。 63(C) [定位] 由题干中的the core of both old and new ways of anti-faking定位到原文第二段第一、二句His approach is based on detecting imperfections in the print quality of documents(Old-school court scientists were able to trace documents to particular typewriters based on quirks of the individual keys( [精析] 事实细节题[考频:51]。原文第二段第一句就说，他的方法建立在检测文件打印质量的瑕疵上，然后下文接着说，老式的方法主要靠打字机键盘的特定字体弯曲来追踪文件，又说他的方法与老式的相似，利用打印机内部的滚筒和磁镜设计方面有瑕疵的事实来追踪文件。因此可以推断新旧两种方式的共同核心在于印刷设备的细微缺陷。故C)与之相符，为正确答案。 [避错] A)“打字机键盘的特定字体弯曲”是老方法的依据，排除;B)“打印机内部的滚筒和磁镜”不具体，原文指“打印机内部的滚筒和磁镜存在工程学的瑕疵”，排除;D)“专家的特殊技巧”在原文没有提及，故排除。 64(D) [定位] 由题干中的According to Dr. Chiu，what makes it possible to track down any paper work定位到原文第四段第二句... Dr. Chiu is now working out ways to make those imperfections deliberate( [精析] 推理判断题[考频:66]。原文第四段末句说，他想对印刷过程进行调整，以便独一无二的、肉眼看不见的标记可以被植入每一台机器中，这会使得任何文件都能够被追踪。由此可以推知，让任何文件都能被追踪的方式是以特殊和秘密的方式在打印机上做出标记。D)与之相符，故为正确答案。 [避错] 原文虽提及“Chiu博士现在正在寻求故意制造这些瑕疵的方式”，但是A)“故意制造所有的缺陷”范围扩大化了，且原文说的是寻找，而非去制造，排除;B)“找出虚假文件的造假者”在原文没有提及，排除;C)“允许更多的存在设计缺陷的印刷机出售”错误，原文的关键是怎样去定位和标识这些缺陷，如果不能标识，出售再多也不能达到目的，故排除。 65(A) [定位] 由题干中的using banding patterns to trace documents定位到原文第五段末句Using the banding patterns of printers to secure documents would be both cheap to implement and hard...( [精析] 推理判断题[考频:66]。该句说，利用打印机频带模式来确保文件的安全性，不仅在安装上成本低，如果可能的话，那些没有专业知识和硬件的罪犯很难躲避。由此可以推知，利用频带模式追踪文件的优势在于经济上可以承受而且技术上可行。故A)与之相符，为正确答案。 [避错] 原文虽提及Chiu博士为了消除频带以提高打印质量而与打印机公司进行合作，但是并未提及和印刷机公司之间的合作，故排除B)“这加强了印刷机公司的合作”;原文只是提及“利用打印机频带模式来确保文件的安全性，并且在安装上成本低”，并未提及印刷机的价格和携带，排除C);原文只是说“那些没专业知识和硬件的罪犯很难躲避”，并非指特殊的犯罪，故D)“这甚至可以鉴别最为特殊的犯罪”错误。 66(B) [定位] 由题干中的inferred from the last paragraph定位到原文末段。 [精析] 综合推断题[考频:28]。原文最后一句说“但是打印机的合法用户对老大(政府)能够追踪任何文件的来源如何反应还仍未知”。其言外之意是这种做法有可能会引发争议，故B)正确。 [避错] 原文只是说“并把Chiu博士的研究引向他们认为的正确的方向上去”，并没有提及A)“Chiu博士将因具特殊贡献而被记住”，排除;原文也没有提及经济赞助，排除C)“美国保密局将大力赞助Chiu博士的研究”;原文只是提及“打印机的合法用户对老大(政府)能够追踪任何文件的来源如何反应仍未知”，并没有提及印刷机制造商的反应，故排除D)“印刷机制造商不情愿实施故意的频带”。 Pan ? Cloze 67(A)。名词辨义题[考频:38]。本文的开头提到“人类的起源是一个很有争议的问题，对于人类在地球上的存在，科学家们有很多不同的理论”，这句又提到“在人类起源这个问题上持不同观点的科学家之间有很多„„出现”，根据开头的提示可知这里应该选A)disagreements“意见不同，分歧”正确。achievements“成就”;commitments“承诺”;compliments“赞颂”。 68(B)。动词辨义题[考频:50]。用排除法选出B)involving“涉及，牵涉”符合句意，这里用它的现在分词形式修饰 conflict。这句承接前文的意思，指出“其中一种分歧就涉及到进化论和神造论的分歧”。evolving“进化”; enveloping“包围，包裹”;affecting“影响”。 69(C)。形容词辨义题[考频:19]。用排除法选出C)extensive“广泛的，详尽的”。这句的意思是“在不同的领域进行了广泛的科学研究之后”。excessive“过多的”这个词表示数量超过所需要的，往往有消极的意思;cohesive“有附着力的”; exclusive“唯一的，独一无二的”。 70(B)。形容词辨义题[考频:19]。用排除法选出B)apparent“显然的，显而易见的”符合句意。这句承接前半句，意思是“在不同的领域进行了广泛的科学研究之后，很明显进化论是正确的”。coherent“连贯的”;current“当前的”;inherent“本来的”。 71(A)。名词辨义题[考频:38]。这句的意思是“在地球历史的早期，通过自然过程生命出现了”，process的意思是“一系列的变化，过程”，所以应该选A)。procedures“程序，手续”，这个词通常指正确的或常用的做某事的程序，proportions“比例”，progresses“前进，进步”，这几个词与句意不符，因为句中指的是一个自然变化的过程，所以应该排除。 72(D)。形容词辨义题[考频:19]。根据simple可知应该选D)complex“复杂的”。这句承接前半句的意思，指出“复杂的有机体通过缓慢的变化由简单的有机体发展而来”。common“普通的”，inferior“低等的”，crude“粗糙的”，这几个词与句意不符，而且也不和simple形成对照，所以应该排除。 73(C)。形容词辨义题[考频:19]。这句重述前面一句的意思，“换言之，经过几千年的化学、环境及基因的逐渐变化，新的物种由原有的物质演变而来”，既然是经过千年，这是一个渐进的、逐步的变化，所以应该选C)gradual“逐渐的”。 continual“连续的”，casual“偶然的”，factual“事实的”，这几个词与句意不符，所以应该排除。 74(B)。动词辨义题[考频:50]。用排除法选出B)described“描述，记述”符合句意，be described as的意思是“被描述为”。这句的意思是“进化可以被描述成一个复杂的过程”。declared“声称”，concluded“结束，终结”，conducted“引导，指导”，这几个词与句意不符，所以应该排除。 75(C)。动词辨义题[考频:50]。这句承接前面的意思“通过这个复杂的进化过程，有生命的有机体从地球上起源”， originate的意思是“起源，发生”，所以应该选C)。invented“发明”，brought“带来”，created“创造”，这几个词与句意不符，所以应该排除。 76(B)。动词辨义题[考频:50]。这句承接前面的意思“有生命的有机体从地球上起源，而后通过持续的变化使有机体多样化并发生改变”，modify的意思是“布形式或特征上改变”，所以应该选B)。alternated“交替，轮流”; switched“转换，交换”;substituted“取代”。 77(D)。名词辨义题[考频:38]。用排除法选出D)explanation“解释，说明”符合句意。这句的意思是“正在寻找人类起源的解释的科学家创立了进化论”。equation“相等，平衡”;application“应用”;abbreviation“省略，简略”。 78(D)。动词辨义题[考频:50]。这句承接前半句的意思，前半句提到了“正在寻找人类起源解释的科学家创立了进化论”，这个由which引导的从句修饰进化论，指出“进化论也为物种相似性的问题„„了答案”。能和to搭配的只有D)provided“提供，共给”，且句意通顺。represented“代表”;sought“寻找”;demanded“需要”。 79(B)。介词辨义题[考频:8]。deal with是固定搭配，意思是“考虑，论述，涉及”，这里的意思是“涉及物种相似性的问题”，所以应该选B)。on，to，for不能与deal搭配使用，所以应该排除。 80(C)。介词短语辨义题[考频:2]。用排除法选出D)in terms of“根据，从„„方面”符合句意。这句的意思是“神创论认为生命的复杂性只能从一个超自然的创世主这方面得到解释”。on all sides“在各方面”，on account of“由于”，in any term“无论如何”，这几个词组与句意不符，所以应该排除。 81(B)。动词辨义题[考频:50]。从后面一句话看出这里要表达的意思是“和神造论不一样，进化论已经被证实”，prove的意思是“证明，证实”，所以应该选B)。improved“改善”;approved“赞成，认可”;removed“拿开，移走”。 82(D)。名词辨义题[考频:50]。从后面的“a timetable of the earth's geologic history”看出应该选D)ages“年龄”。前文提到通过地质学关于地球表层岩石年限发展的记录，可以证明进化论。这句的意思是“通过放射线的检测，地球上岩石的年龄可以被确定”。bottoms“底部”，shapes“形状”，formations“结构”，这几个词组与句意不符，所以应该排除。 83(D)。动词辨义题[考频:50]。用排除法选出D)determined“确定，测定”符合句意。这句的意思是“通过放射线的检测，地球上岩石的年龄可以被测定”。devised“设计”;deviated“偏离”;protected“保护”。 84(A)(动词辨义题[考频:50]。前文提到一些观测资料支持了进化论，由此得出这句的意思是“这个记录与化石的记录合并在一起，化石的记录是另外一个支持进化论的观测资料”，supporting的意思是“支持”，所以应该选A)。suspending“悬而未决”;sustaining“持续，维持”;suspecting“怀疑”。 85(C)。名词辨义题[考频:38]。这句承接前文的意思指出“这个记录与化石的记录合并在一起显示了生命由简单到复杂的顺序”，sequence的意思是“次序，顺序”，所以应该选C)。interference“冲突”;consistence“连贯”; consequence“结果”。 86(A)。介词搭配题[考频:7]。这句的意思是“化石是曾经存在过的生物的遗迹，这是通过保存形成的”，这是一个被动结构，所以介词应该用by，所以应该选A)。with，in，for这几个介词与句意不符;所以应该排除。 Part ? Translation 87(reached/arrived/came to/concluded an agreement on free trade [考点] ?常考语法[考频:2]:how引导的宾语从句;?固定搭配[考频:5] [解析] “达成协议”有多种表达方式:reach/arrive at/come to/conclude an agreement;“自由贸易”free trade。注意:“在„„问题上达成协议”或“就„„达成协议”用介词on，如:come to an agreement on price or salary 就价格或薪金达成协议。 88(have negative effects/a negative effect on cultural diversity [考点] 习惯译法[考频:7] [解析] “对„„产生消极的影响”have negative effects/a negative effect on...;“文化多样性”cultural diversity。注意:“对„„产生积极的影响”的表达方式为have positive effects/a positive effect on... 89(have trouble (in) making up their minds [考点] ?固定短语[考频:3];?常考语法[考频:2]:关系分句中主谓的一致。 [解析] “有困难做„„”have trouble (in) doing...;“打定主意”make up one's mind。定语从句的主语who是指先行词boys，因此定语从句的谓语动问应用复数形式，即have;另外，在make up one's mind短语中，mind有单复数形式的变化，应与one's—致，本句中one's是复数，所以mind应该用minds。 [语法扩展] 本句中，若one前有限定词如the only(right)等修饰。则定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式，如;He is the only one of the boys who has trouble in making up his mind in his class(他是班里唯一一个很难打定主意的人。 90(exaggerated the dangers of this operation [考点] 常用短语[考频:6] [解析] “夸大”exaggerate;“手术的危险”the dangers of the operation。 91(accept my sincere congratulations [考点] 常用短语[考频:6] [解析] “诚挚的”sincere;“接受祝贺”accept congratulations。注意:congratulation用复数形式。