常用化学试剂英文缩写及其结构式列表
OOC•O2,7,8-Trioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octyl ABO
•CAc OAcetyl
O-N+N•CON4-Azidobenzyloxycarbonyl ACBZ
ACE α-Chloroethoxycarbonyl
CH•2O
AcHmb OO2-Acetoxy-4-methoxybenzyl
O•H2CNAcm HAcetamidomethyl
C•1-Adamantyl Ad
OOC• 1-Adamantyloxycarbonyl Adoc
OC•O
1-(1-Adamantyl)-1-methylethoxycarbonyl Adpoc
NNNNAIBN 2,2’-Azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) or Azobisisobutyronitrile
CH•All Allyl 2
•CAlloc OOAlloxycarbonyl
O
S•Allylsulfonyl OAls
OC•
OO2-(Acetoxymethyl)benzoyl AMB
OCH•4-Methoxyphenyl or anisyl AN
•H2C
-O+NO
Anpe 2-(4-Acetyl-2-nitrophenyl)ethyl O
•CAOC OOAllyloxycarbonyl
•H2COOp-Anisyloxymrthyl or (4-methoxyphenoxy)methyl p-AOM
Aryl 芳香基 Ar
Adenosine 5’-triphosphate 三磷酸腺苷 ATP
ATPase Adenosinetriphosphatase ATP酶
CH•2-N+NAzb p-Azidobenzyl N
O
Benzamidomethyl •H2CNHBam
BBA Butane-2,3-bisacetal
•H2CBrp-Bromobenzyl BBn
BH9-Borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane 9-BBN
BDMS Biphenyldimethylsilyl
S•HC1,3-Benzodithiolan-2-yl S BDT
Bic 5-Benzisoxazolymethoxycarbonyl
S
OSO2,4-Dimethylthiophenoxycarbonyl C•Bmpc
Bmpm 1,1-Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1’-pyrenylmethyl
BSHBMS Borane-methyl sulfide
•H2CBenzyl Bn
•COt-Butylcarbonyl BOC
•H2CO
Benzyloxymethyl BOM
Benzotriazol-1-yloxytris(dimethylamino) phosphonium hexafluorophosphate
NO+PNNNNNBOP BOP-Cl N,N-Bis(2-oxo-3-oxazolidinyl)phosphinic bp Boiling point
Bpoc 1-methyl-1-(4-biphenyl)ethoxycarbonyl
N
N2,2’-Bipyridyl Bpy
SiNOSiBistrimethylsilyl acetamide BSA
•NNBenzotriazo-1-yl or 1-benzotriazolyl NBt
+N
Benzyltributylammonium chloride BTBA
•H2CBu Butyl
CSec-Butyl •Hs-BU
C• tert-Butyl t-Bu
OCH•2t-Butoxymethyl Bum
OOC•1-(3,5-Di-t-butylphenyl)-1-methylethoxycarbonyl t-Bumeoc
O•CBenzoyl Bz
Cam Carboxyamidomethyl
cAMP Adenosine cyclic 3’,5’-phosphate
-O-+ONO+NH4
-O-+-ONOO+NO-+4-OCeO+ON-+-OONO-Cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate OCAN
O•COBenzyloxycarbonyl Cbz
CD Circular dichrosim
O
NNNN1,1’-Carbonyldiimidazole CDI
H•CClCee O1-(2-Chloroethoxy)ethyl CI Chemical ionization (in MS) Configuration interaction (in MO theory)
CIDNP Chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization cm Centmeter
+NClCMPI 2-Chloro-1-methylpyridium chloride CNDO Complete neglect of differential overlap
OOCCoc Cinnamyloxycarbonyl •
COD 1,5-Cyclooctadiene
COSY Correlation spectroscopy
COT Cyclooctatetrene
C•
Cyclopentadienyl Cp
CPTr 4,4’,4”-Tris(4,5-dichlorophthalimido)riphenylmethyl
OSOHO Camphorsulfonic acid OCSA
Cl
OC•NCTMP 1-[(2-Chloro-4-methyl)phenyl]-4-methoxypiperidin-4-yl
OOHHN2Cysteine SHCys
δ Chemical shift in ppm
d Day
NNDABCO 1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane
H•CDAM Di(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl OO
FFSFN
Diethylaminosulfurtrifluoride DAST
DB-t-BOC 1,1-Dmethyl-2,2-dibromoethoxycarbonyl
DBD-Tmoc 2,7-Di-t-butyl[9-(10,10-dioxo-10,10,10,10-tetrahydrothioxanthyl)methy lcarbonyl
DBN 1,5-Diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5ene
N
N1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene DBU
NCNDicyclohexylcarbodiimide DCC
+NHClDichloromethylammonium chloride ClDCMME
NO
NCl
2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone OClDDQ
DEAD Diethylazodicarboxylate
Si•DEIPS Diethylisopropylsilyl
DEPT Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer DG Diacyl glycerol
ONOONODiisopropyl azodicarboxylate DIAD
-DIBAH H+AlDiisobutylalumium hydride DIBAL
Dim 2-(1,3-Dithianyl)methyl
N
DiisopropylethylamineDIPEA
OOHOODiisopropyl tartrate HOODIPT
O
NDMAC Dimethylacetamide
O
OO
Diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate ODMAD
NN4-Dimethylaminopyridine DMAP
ODimethoxyethane ODME
ONN,N-Dimethylformamide DMF
Si•
DMIPS Dimethylisopropylsilyl
SSO•CODithianylmethoxycarbonyl Dmoc
Dimethylpropane DMP
O•HPDimethylphosphinyl Dmp O
•H2CODMPM 3,4-Dimethoxybenzyl
NON1,3-Dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrhydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinone DMPU
OOSODimethyl sulfate ODMS
OSDimethyl sulfoxide or methyl sulfoxide DMSO
C•Dimethoxytrityl OODMT
C•
Di(p-methoxyphenyl)phenylmethyl OODMTr
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNB p,p’-Dinitrobenzhyrryl
OS•O
O
O 4-(4’,8’-Dimethoxynaphthylmethyl)benzenesulfonyl DNMBS
CH•--OO++NN2,4-Dinitrophenyl OODNP
OC•HOOBp-(Dihydroxyboryl)benzyloxycarbonyl HODobz
CDPM Diphenylmethyl •H
SiH•2Diphenylmethylsilyl DPMS
H•PDiphenylphosphinyl ODpp
OOPO+-NNNDiphenylphosphoryl azide DPPA
•H2C
P
2-(Diphenylphosphino)ethyl Dppe
CH•2
N(Diphenyl-4-pyridyl)methyl Dppm
OPSS•HDiphenylthiophosphinyl Dpt
:SiDi-t-butylsilylene DTBMS
SSONODts •Dithiasuccinimidyl
E1 Unimolecular elimination
E2 Bimolecular elimination
ED50 Dose that is effective in 50% of test subjects EDC 1-Ethyl-3-(3’-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide
HOOHOONNOO Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid HOOHEDTA
H•CEE O1-Ethoxyethyl ee Enantiomeric excess
EI Electron impact (in MS)
ESR Electron spin resonance
Et Ethyl •H2C
FAB Fast atom bombardment (in MS) Fcm-NR2 N-Ferrocenylmethyl
FD Field Field distortion (in MS)
FG Founctional group
FID Flame ionization detection or Free induced decay (in NMR)
CH•2
9-Fluorenylmethyl Fm
-O
ONFMOC 9-Fluorenylmethylcarbamate Fp η5
FT Foutier transform
g Gram
GC Gas chromatography
OHOHOOHOPPOOOPOHO
OHOHN2NNOHHN
NGTP Guanosine 5’-triphosphate OGUM Guaiacolmethyl
h Hour
ClClClOClClClHexachloroacetone HCA
Hex Hexyl •H2C
HMDS 1,11,3,3,3-Hexamethyldisilazane HMO Huckel molecular orbital
NOPNNHexamethylphosphoramide HMPA
NPNN Hexamethylphosphoroustriamide HMPT
NN
NHOBT OH1-Hydroxybenzotriazole HOMO Highest occupied molecular orbital HPLC High performance liquid chromatography HRMS High-resolution mass spectrum hν Irradiation with light
Hz Hertz
hZ Homobenzyloxycarbonyl
ICR Ion cyclotron resonance
N
N
OC•
3-(Imidazole-1-ylmethyl)-4’,4”-dimethoxytriphenylmethyl OIDTr
•NNImidazole-1-yl or 1-imidazolyl Im
OOS•OO2,6—Dimethoxy-4-methylbenzenesulfonyl iMds
INDO Incomplete neglect of differential overlap IP Ionization potential
C•OO1-Isopropylallyloxycarbonyl Ipaoc
Isopr
Si•
IPDMS opyldimethylsilyl
IR Infrared
J Coupling constant (in NMR)
k Kilo +K-KAPA HNNHPotassium 3-aminopropylamide 2+K-NSiSiKHMDS Potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide or potassium hexamrthyldisilane
L Triphenylphosphine ligand or liter
-H+++-AlH+-LiH- Lithium aluminum hydride HLAH
LCAO Linear combination of atomic orbitals
-N+LDA Lithium diisopropylamide LiLDBB 4,4’-Di-tert-butyybiphenyl ylide
OOCLev Levulinoyl •
LevS Levulinoyldithioacetal ester 4,4-(ethylenedithio)pentanoyl
LFER Linear free energy relationship
-N+LiLithium isopropylcyclohexylamide LICA +Li-NSiSiLHMDS Lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide or lithium hexamrthyldisilane
-OO
O++PbO-O-OO
-Lead tetraacetate OLTA
LTMP Lithium 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide LUMO Lowest unoccupied molecular orbital μ Micro
m Multiple (spectral), meter, milli M Moles per liter or mega
MAD Methylaluminum bis(2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenoxide
C•OMBE 1-Methyl-1-benzyloxyethyl
OC2,3,3a,4,5,6,7,7a-Octahydro-7,8,8-trimethyl-4,7-methanobenzofuran2-yl H•MBF
OS•Op-Methoxybenzenesulfonyl OMBS
OOHO
m-Chloroperbenzoic acid ClMCPBA
OS•O
O2,6-Dimethyl-4-methoxybenzenesulfonyl Mds
MEM α-Methoxyethoxymethyl
O•COO p-Methoxybenzyloxycarbonyl MeOZ
CH•Mesityl 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl Mes
MHz Megahertz
min Minute
MINDO Modified intermediate neglect of differential overlap
mM Millimoles per liter
O
C•
p-Methoxyphenyldiphenylmethyl MMTr
OMOM CH•Methoxymethyl 2MoOPH Oxodiperoxymolybdenum(pyridine) hexamethylphosphoramide
O•COOp-Methoxybenzyloxycarbonyl Moz
mp Melting point
OCH•2p-Methoxyphenylmethyl or p-Methoxybenzyl MPM
OS•Op-Methoxyphenylsufonyl OMps
OS•HPDimethylthiophosphinyl SMpt
mRNA Messenger RNA
OS•Methanesulfonyl or mesyl OMs
MS Mass spectrometry
OHOOSMethanesulfonic acid MSA
SCH•2O4-(Methylsulfinyl)benzyl Msib
OC•OS4-Methylsulfinylbenzyloxycarbonyl OMsz
OOS•OOO2,4,6-Trimethoxybenzenesufonyl Mtb
OS•OO2,3,5,6-Tetramethyl-4-methoxybenzenesulfonyl Mte
OOCH• 4-Methoxytetrahydropyranyl MTHP
SMTM CH•Methylthiomethyl 2
OS•C4-(methylthiomethoxy)butyryl OMTMB
SO•CMTMECO 2-(Methylthiomethoxy)ethoxycarbonyl OO
•O
OS
2-(Methylthiomethoxymethyl)benzoxy MTMT
C•OOS4-Methylthiophenoxycarbonyl Mtpc
OS•OO2,3,6-Trimethyl-4-methoxybenzenesulfonyl Mtr
OSOS•OO2,3,6-Trimethylbenzenesulfonyl(mesitylenesulfonyl) Mts
m/z Mass to charge ratio (in MS) n nao
NAD Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADH Reduced NAD
OBrNNBA HN-Bromoacetamide
O
BrN
ON-Bromosuccinimide NBS
O
ClN
ON-Chlorosuccinimide NCS
Ni(acac)2 Nickel acetylacetonate
O
IN
ON-Iodosuccinimide NIS
Ni? Raney Nickel
NON-Methyl morpholine NMM
NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance
O+N-OOOC•Noc 4-Nitrocinnamyloxycarbonyl
NOE Nuclear Overhauser effect NOESY Nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy
S•O+N- 2-Nitrophenylsulfenyl ONPS
S•NO+N-3-Nitro-2-pyridinesulfenyl ONpys
Nu Nucleophile
OD Optical density
CH•2O+N-o-Nitrobenzyl OONB
ORD Optical rotary dispersion
ot Oven temperature
O-+ONK+-KNOPotassium azodicarboxylate OPADA
O-O+NHCrOClPCC Pyridinium chlorochromate
O+ONHCrO--OO+CrNHOOPyridinium dichromate PDC
PdClCl
PP
Dichlorobis[tris(2-methylphenyl)phosphine]palladium PdCl2(tpp)2
O
PdOPdOPd2(dba)3 Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium PE Photoelectron +HP•C3Peoc O2-Phosphonioethoxycarbonyl or 2-(Triphenylphosphonio)ethoxycarbonyl O
•H2C
N2-(2’-Pyridyl)ethyl Pet
PG Protective group
CH•Phenyl Ph φ
Phen NN1,10-Phenanthroline
OC•OO 4-Methoxyphenacyloxycarbonyl OPhenoc
Phth OOC••CPhthaloyl
Pixyl 9-(9-Phenyl)xanthenyl
OCH•2p-Methoxybenzyl PMB
•H2COOp-Methoxybenzoxymethyl PMBM
OS•OO2,2,5,7,8-Pentamethylchroman-6-sulfonyl Pmc
OS•OPentamethylbenzenesulfonyl Pme
OS•Op-Methylbenzylsulfonyl PMS
-OO+C•Np-Nitrobenzoyl OPNB
O-OOO+OSN+NSOOO-OOp-Nitrobenzenesulfonyl peroxide PNBSP
OPOM 4-Pentenyloxymethyl or Pivaloxymethyl •H2CPPA Polyphosphoric acid (多聚磷酸) PPE Polyphosphate ester (聚磷酸酯) ppm Parts per mollion
Ppoc 2-Triphenylphosphonioisopropoxycarbonyl PPTS Pyridinium p-to;uenesulfonate Pr Propyl
i-Pr Isopropyl
OOOCS•O2-(Phenylsulfonyl)ethoxycarbonyl Psec
•H2CSPhenylthiomethyl PTM
PTC Phase-transfer catalysis
•COPivaloyl Pv
N
Pyridine Py
Pyoc 2-(2’- and 4’-pyridyl)ethoxycarbonyl q Quartet
Rf Retention factor
rRNA Ribosomal RNA
rt Room temperature
s Singlet or second
O
SOHScm S-Carboxymethylsulfenyl H•
OSMethoxycarbonylsulfenyl chloride ClOScmCl
SEM Trimethylsilylmeyhoxyethyl
SES β-Trimethylsilylethanesulfonyl
SET Single electron transfer
•HCOSi(Phenyldimethylsilyl)methoxymethyl SMOM
SN1 Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution SN2 Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution SN ’ Nucleophilic substitution with allylic rearrangement Snm S-(N’-Methyl-N’-phenylcarbamoyl)sulfenyl
SiHN3SiH3
1,1,4,4-Tetramethyldisilyl azacyclopentane STABASE
ONOSu Succinimidyl •
t Triplet
HNCH•2
OTrimethylacetamidomethyl Tacm
+N-FTBAF Tetrabutylammonium fluoride
+N-ITBAI Tetrabutylammonium iodide
•Si
TBDMS t-Butyldimethylsilyl
Si•
t-Butyldiphenylsilyl TBDPS
O:SiOOSi:OO
Tetra-t-butoxydisiloxane-1,3-diylidene TBDS
OOH t-Butyl hydroperoxide TBHP
Si•TBMPS Ot-Butylmethoxyphenylsilyl
SiHTBS Tributylsilane
SiCl
Tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride TBSCl
O
C•
O
O
4,4’-4”-Tris(benzyloxy)triphenylmethyl TBTr
•CClOOClTcBoc Cl1,1-Dimethyl-2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl
N
NN
Tetracyanoethylene NTCNE
NN7,7,8,8-Tetracyanoquinodimethane NN TCNQ
Tcroc 2-(Trifluoromethyl)-6-chromonylmethylene carbonyl
OFFCH:OF2-(Trifluoromethyl)-6-chromonylmethylene Tcrom
Si•TDS Thexyl dimethylsilyl
NTEA Triethylamine
+N-BrTetraethylammonium bromide TEAB
-Cl+NTEBAC Benzyltriethylammonium chloride
Tebbs’ Tebbs’
CH2CH2
NCH2CHN2
CH2CHTEDA Triethylene diamine 2
Si•COO 2-(Trimethylsilyl)ethoxycarbonyl Teoc
Si•TES Triethylsilyl
OOS•
FFTrifluoromethanesulfonyl FTf
HOO
FFTrifluoroacetic acid FTFA
HOO
FFTrifluoroacetic acid FTFAA
FFFOSOOHTrifluoromethanesulfonic acid TfOH
C•
Thexyl 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butyl
O
Tetrahydrofuran THF
O
Tetrahydropyran THP
TIPDS 1,3-(1,13,3-Tetraisopropyldisiloxanyllidene)
Si•
Triisopropylsilyl TIPS
OO
O
C•OOOOO4,4’,4”-Tris(levulinoxy)triphenylmethyl OTLTr
NNTMEDA N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethylethylene diamine
NNHN1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine TMG
TMP 2,26,6-Tetramethyl piperidine
OOC•OTMPM Trimethoxyphenylmethyl
SiSi• Trimethylsilyl or Tetramethylsilane TMS
Si•COO2-(Trimethylsilyl)ethoxycarbonyl TMSEC
O
OC•
OTri(p-methoxyphenyl)methyl TMTr
Tol Tolyl
Torr 1 mmHg
OS•p-Toluenesulfonyl OTos
TPAP Tetrapropylammonium perruthanate (Pr)4NRuO4 TPP Tetraphenylporphine
OS•O
Triisopropylbenzenesulfonyl TPS
Si•
Triphenylsilyl TPS
tR Retention time
C•
Trityl (triphenylmethyl) Tr Trityl
-OH+NTriton B Benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide Tritylone 9-(9-Phenyl-10-oxo)anthryl
ClClC•OCl2,2,2-Trichloroethoxycarbonyl OTroc
OS•p-Toluenesulfonyl or Tosyl OTs
TS Transition state
OSOHTSA Op-Toluenesulfonic acid
OCH•2STse O2-(p-Toluenesulfonyl)ethyl
OSOHTsOH Op-Toluenesulfonic acid
TyrOH Tyrosine
UV Ultraviolet
Voc Vinyloxycarbonyl
Z Benzyloxycarbonyl