中国近现代建筑五宗师：吕彦直、刘敦桢、童寯、梁思成、杨廷宝

中国近现代建筑五宗师：吕彦直、刘敦桢、童寯、梁思成、杨廷宝 吕彦直 吕彦直〔1894---1929〕，字仲宜，别号古愚。安徽滁州人。我国近代杰出的建筑师。1894年生于天津。 吕彦直先生照片 吕彦直的父亲名叫吕增祥，安徽滁州人，光绪五年举人，在晚清李鸿章幕府任文案知县。曾任驻日使馆参赞。历任临城、南宫、天津知县。1900年，吕增祥任开州知府，1901年因脑瘤卒于任上。吕彦直年仅7岁。1902年(光绪二十八年)随其姐吕静宜居巴黎数年。常参观罗浮宫博物馆，酷爱绘画和雕塑艺术。回国后，先后入南京金陵中学、北京五城学堂学习。1911-1913年清华学堂留美预备部求学。1913-1918年由北京政府派赴美国康奈尔大学攻读建筑工程(先入电子系，后转入建筑)。1918-1921年担任美国建筑师墨菲助手。吕彦直曾担负北京燕京大学和南京金陵大学的建筑工程设计，用中国传统风格设计现代建筑，初显其才华。 1921—1925年9月回国后，先与过养默、黄锡林组织在上海东南建筑公司任职，设计上海银行公会等大型建筑工程的设计，后独立创办彦记建筑事务所。期间，他的建筑设计多为小巧、舒适和花园式洋房，但已在研究中国古典式建筑，并努力融合中西建筑艺术的精华，取得了很好的效果。 1925年3月12日，孙中山在北京逝世。是年5月，总理丧事筹备委员会向海内外悬奖征集中山陵墓设计图案，轰动了国内外的建筑师和美术家，许多人纷纷报名应征。当时吕彦直还是一个没有什么名气的青年建筑师，但他对自己的才学满怀信心，毅然报名，与众多的国内外知名建筑师展开竞争，终于一举夺魁，荣获首奖。吕彦直设计中山陵图案，融汇中国古代建筑与西方建筑的精神，庄严简朴别创新格。其全部平面图呈一警钟形，寓含孙中山先生"唤起民众"之意，因而受到评选者的一致推崇。 1925年9月—1929年3月接受“孙中山先生葬事筹备委员会”聘请，任陵墓建筑师。接受南京国民政府聘请任总理陵园专门委员。他潜心研究，周密构思，设计出的中山陵墓图案， 具有鲜明的中国建筑风格与特色。截止到9月15日，筹委会收到中外建筑师40余人应征设计图案，经评选委员会及中外专家顾问的评选，吕彦直设计的图案名列榜首，获得奖金2500元。孙中山家属代表和筹委会全体委员一致同意吕彦直的设计图案，并决定聘他为中山陵墓的建筑工程师，限于两个月内完成工程school)], 4 4 house building as well as more than 1000 copies of books, more than 10 kinds of collection of newspapers and magazines, fires burnt down. In 1938, the Japanese learned that the national Government established in XI Tang Tomb rotten "clip" taxes, tax officers live in 8 of Yan Dong village farmers home, troops at night, Yao was burned several houses. 1938 new morning of September 18, the Japanese team went to the countryside "sweep" from the kaiyang village line to Tung Yang Jia Qiao yan Temple wall and met Yang Jia溇 Zhou Dana (male) weeks because of long-term illness and can't work in the fields, the Japanese see his face from scratch without calluses, regard him as "Shina", thrust a knife at the scene of his death. The body was stabbed 7 times, wound 13. The same day, Trang bang village heard the Japanese come to "mop-up" are hiding, mother of 9 Zhou Guanbao Zhang Aying to drill a "dry mound", was discovered by the Japanese, a shot in the end. The same day, is 7 zhouhaijiangzhi grandfather Zhou Yingbao to escape the Japanese army, was found on the road, a shot in the end. In March 1939, the Japanese army in Yan Tomb raiding, has arrested 16 people, in fengqiao cigarettes this morning bang, killing 11 people on the River, East meeting point in wood qiaotu in the afternoon killing 4 people on the Riverside. Gu Tong is a Japanese go speak the Shanghai dialect, later to be called Gu Tong as "kill left." On January 18, 1943, the elves, five thousand or six thousand, water and land go hand in hand "mop-up" jiaxing area west of the railway, Yan Tomb area fall. March 6, Niu Shan (County Government II section chief) carrying its child Niu Jun (strict Tomb seventh district Chang) and the District Assistant Yu Xuchu, and players Jin Fuqin, and Shen Baosheng, six people received Wujiang underground County Government notification 详图。吕彦直受聘后，即赴南京实地考察，赶绘全部工程详图。当年12月，上海姚新记营造厂中标，中山陵墓建筑工程遂即开始动工。 在南京中山陵墓的建筑工程进入高潮之际，吕彦直又承担了广州越秀山中山纪念堂和中山纪念碑的建筑设计。他设计的两份建筑图案，因其构思别致，水平高，又以首奖入选。图案入选后，受“广州中山纪念堂筹建委员会”的委托，主持中山纪念堂和中山纪念碑的设计工作。于是，他为南京中山陵、广州中山纪念堂和中山纪念碑的建成，奔波南北。 中山纪念堂举行奠基仪式期间，吕彦直已病魔缠身。他忍着病痛，不分昼夜推理演算，以顽强的毅力设计出中山纪念堂的建筑详图，并主持了工程建筑事务。就在工程临近尾声时， 因患癌症于1929年3月18日在上海逝世。鉴于他对建造孙中山陵墓的杰出贡献，在他逝世后，南京国民政府曾明令全国，予以褒奖，中山陵祭堂的西南角立一纪念碑，上部为吕彦直半身遗像，下部刻有于佑任题词:“吕彦直建筑师建筑陵宫积劳病故，特此纪念”。 作为第一代中国杰出的建筑师,吕彦直继承了中国传统建筑的一些优秀经验,同时又学习了西方先进的科学技术,他把二者结合,做出了很多杰出的历史性建筑.中国这一代建筑师均是如此,他们从国外学成归来以后,并没有完全照搬西方的建筑,也没有完全局限在中国的这种传统,而是有机结合,加以新的创造,他们其中还包括杨廷宝,童俊,梁思成,奚福泉,徐敬直,李惠伯等. 在短促的一生中，他为弘扬民族文化，在中国近代建筑史上写下了辉煌的一页，足以被称作中国“近现代建筑的奠基人”。他设计、监造的中山陵和由他主持设计的广州中山纪念堂，都是富有中华民族特色的大型建筑组群，是我国近代建筑中融汇东西方建筑技术与艺术的代表作，在建筑界产生了深远的影响。鉴于他对建造孙中山陵墓的杰出贡献，在他逝世后，南京国民政府曾明令全国，予以褒奖，陵园立碑纪念。 刘敦桢 刘敦桢(1897 09.19 - 1968 05.01)，著名建筑学家、教育家，建筑史学家，中国科学院院士，字士能，号大壮室主人，1897年9月19日生，湖南新宁人。1913年考取官费留学日本，1916年入东京高等工业学校机械科，次年转入建筑科，1921年获学士学位。1922年回国任上海绢丝纺织公司建筑师，并与柳士英等肇建了第一所中国人经营的华海建筑师事务所;1923年又与柳士英等创设了苏州工业专门学校建筑科并任讲师，为国家培养了首批建筑工程方面的人才。1925年任湖南大学土木系讲师;1927年任中央大学建筑系副教授;1930年加入中国营造学社。刘敦桢著有《佛教对于中国建筑之影响》、《北平智化寺如来殿调查记》、《大壮室笔记》、《明长陵》、《大同古建筑调查》、《易县清西陵》、《河北西部古建筑调查记略》、《河南北部古建筑调查记》、《西南古建筑调查概况》等论文，为中国古建筑研究树立楷模，1933年任中国营造学社研究员兼文献主任;1943-1949年在中央大学创立中国最早的建筑系，任中央大学建筑系教授、系主任，工学院院长;1949-1968年任南京大学和南京工学院建筑系教授、系主任、中国建筑历史与理论研究室主任。1951年当选南京市人大代表;1954年选为江苏省人大代表;1964年被选为第school)], 4 4 house building as well as more than 1000 copies of books, more than 10 kinds of collection of newspapers and magazines, fires burnt down. In 1938, the Japanese learned that the national Government established in XI Tang Tomb rotten "clip" taxes, tax officers live in 8 of Yan Dong village farmers home, troops at night, Yao was burned several houses. 1938 new morning of September 18, the Japanese team went to the countryside "sweep" from the kaiyang village line to Tung Yang Jia Qiao yan Temple wall and met Yang Jia溇 Zhou Dana (male) weeks because of long-term illness and can't work in the fields, the Japanese see his face from scratch without calluses, regard him as "Shina", thrust a knife at the scene of his death. The body was stabbed 7 times, wound 13. The same day, Trang bang village heard the Japanese come to "mop-up" are hiding, mother of 9 Zhou Guanbao Zhang Aying to drill a "dry mound", was discovered by the Japanese, a shot in the end. The same day, is 7 zhouhaijiangzhi grandfather Zhou Yingbao to escape the Japanese army, was found on the road, a shot in the end. In March 1939, the Japanese army in Yan Tomb raiding, has arrested 16 people, in fengqiao cigarettes this morning bang, killing 11 people on the River, East meeting point in wood qiaotu in the afternoon killing 4 people on the Riverside. Gu Tong is a Japanese go speak the Shanghai dialect, later to be called Gu Tong as "kill left." On January 18, 1943, the elves, five thousand or six thousand, water and land go hand in hand "mop-up" jiaxing area west of the railway, Yan Tomb area fall. March 6, Niu Shan (County Government II section chief) carrying its child Niu Jun (strict Tomb seventh district Chang) and the District Assistant Yu Xuchu, and players Jin Fuqin, and Shen Baosheng, six people received Wujiang underground County Government notification 三届全国人大代表。1955年被任命为一级教授和中科院技术科学部委员。1956年参加中国共产党。此外，还担任全国和省、市建筑学会的理事、理事长等职。1957-1959年间，曾代表我国建筑界和文化界出访波兰、苏联和印度。"文革"期间，深受迫害，身心遭严重创伤，1968年5月10日含冤而逝，终年71岁。 刘敦桢所创办的华海建筑师事务所，在上海等地做了多项设计。后来他又在长沙设计了湖南大学教学楼和市内名胜天心阁，在南京设计了一批民用建筑以及中山陵前的光化亭、中央大学学生宿舍、食堂和中央图书馆阅览楼等。1960-1966年，对南京瞻园的改建，是他最成功也是最后的建筑制作，也是他对园林研究的具体实践。 刘敦桢在中央大学建筑系的建系方针为:综合欧美与日本等国建筑学专业之所长，培养以建筑设计为主，加强建筑结构和建筑营造等工程知识，使其成为既具有广泛的科学知识和较好的设计与表现能力，又能妥善解决我国实际问题的建筑师。并制定学制为4年，课程按学分计算。这些原则不但成为该系数十年办学的依据，而且还成为兄弟院校新建这一专业的重要参考。 刘敦桢对中国古建筑的辛勤研究和取得的成就，使他在学术界获得了崇高的地位和声誉。他在1933-1937年间在华北六省进行大量科研调查，共写出论文、调查报告、读书笔记等35篇，约65万字;与其他学者合撰论文7篇，30万字。他研究了我国古代官式建筑(宫殿、坛庙、寺观......等)和"营造法式"、"工部工程做法"。抗日战争期间，他对云南、四川、西康等地古建筑的调查，填补了我国建筑史上一大空白。1950年，他参加了南京市和江苏省的文管会工作，对南京城内外的古建筑和古墓葬，进行多次调查，写出了修整或保护计划。1952年，开始了对国内传统民居的调查和研究。1956年发表了专著《中国住宅概论》，在国内学术界掀起了对这一领域全面开展研究的热潮。后来，又开展了中国古典园林的研究，他率领助手们对苏州大、中、小典型园林、详细测绘，八、九年间绘制测绘图纸2000余张，摄影2万余幅，文字稿10万余字。此项工作因"文革"而中断，遗稿于1979年由他的助手和后人整理出版。出版后，蜚声中外，又被译成英、日文出版。他集中了建筑史学界和部分考古学界的老、中、青学术精英，主持、编写了《中国建筑简史》和《中国古代建筑史》，历时7载，改稿8次，终于在1966年成书。该书至今仍是重要参考书，1988年获全国高校优秀教材特等奖。 刘敦桢一贯对工作认真负责，严谨治学，严于律己，诲人不倦，热爱祖国，淡泊名利。抗战前夕，日军占领了东北和热河，知道刘敦桢曾留学日本又有古建筑特长，要他去承德为伪满整修避暑山庄，先给大洋10万。他在日军的威胁下，毫不犹豫地严词拒绝。 刘敦桢毕生的科研成就，后人已将他的学术论文等汇编为《刘敦桢文集》4卷，由中国建工出版社出版。 刘敦桢1986年4月30日卒于南京。 童寯 school)], 4 4 house building as well as more than 1000 copies of books, more than 10 kinds of collection of newspapers and magazines, fires burnt down. In 1938, the Japanese learned that the national Government established in XI Tang Tomb rotten "clip" taxes, tax officers live in 8 of Yan Dong village farmers home, troops at night, Yao was burned several houses. 1938 new morning of September 18, the Japanese team went to the countryside "sweep" from the kaiyang village line to Tung Yang Jia Qiao yan Temple wall and met Yang Jia溇 Zhou Dana (male) weeks because of long-term illness and can't work in the fields, the Japanese see his face from scratch without calluses, regard him as "Shina", thrust a knife at the scene of his death. The body was stabbed 7 times, wound 13. The same day, Trang bang village heard the Japanese come to "mop-up" are hiding, mother of 9 Zhou Guanbao Zhang Aying to drill a "dry mound", was discovered by the Japanese, a shot in the end. The same day, is 7 zhouhaijiangzhi grandfather Zhou Yingbao to escape the Japanese army, was found on the road, a shot in the end. In March 1939, the Japanese army in Yan Tomb raiding, has arrested 16 people, in fengqiao cigarettes this morning bang, killing 11 people on the River, East meeting point in wood qiaotu in the afternoon killing 4 people on the Riverside. Gu Tong is a Japanese go speak the Shanghai dialect, later to be called Gu Tong as "kill left." On January 18, 1943, the elves, five thousand or six thousand, water and land go hand in hand "mop-up" jiaxing area west of the railway, Yan Tomb area fall. March 6, Niu Shan (County Government II section chief) carrying its child Niu Jun (strict Tomb seventh district Chang) and the District Assistant Yu Xuchu, and players Jin Fuqin, and Shen Baosheng, six people received Wujiang underground County Government notification 童寯(1900年—1983年)，字伯潜。建筑学家，建筑教育家。中国近代造园理论研究的开拓者，中国近代建筑理论研究的开拓者之一。辽宁沈阳人，满族。 简历 1900年10月2日出生于奉天省城附近东台子村。 1910年9月入奉天省立第一小学，1917月年入奉天省立第一中学。 1921年7月中学毕业后在天津新学书院专修英语。 1921年入北平清华学校。 1925年毕业于清华学校高等科。同年秋，公费留学美国宾夕法尼亚大学建筑系，曾与杨廷宝(杨为师兄，时已毕业，但与童常有往来)、梁思成 陈植等同窗学习。 1928年冬获建筑学硕士学位。此后在费城、纽约两地建筑师事务所实习、工作各一年。 1930年春，赴欧洲英、法、德、意、瑞士、比、荷等国考察建筑，经东欧回国。 1930年秋回国，任沈阳东北大学建筑系教授，1931年6月，梁思成赴京“中国营造学社”任职，童继任系主任。 1931年，九一八事变后建筑系解散，与赵深、陈植在上海共同组建“华盖建筑师事务所”。抗战爆发后1938年在重庆、贵阳设华盖建筑师事务所分所。 1944年，应刘敦桢之邀抵重庆，任中央大学建筑系教授，授课之余继续华盖建筑师事务所建筑师业务;抗战胜利后迁回南京。 1949年，中央大学改名南京大学后，专任南京大学建筑系教授。1952年南京大学建筑系等工学院系科独立组建南京工学院(1988年改名东南大学)，任南京工学院建筑系教授。 1983年3月28日逝世于南京。 主要设计作品 1932~1952年间，他主持或参加的工程项目有100多项，代表作品有: 1932~1933年，南京宁海路新住宅区私人住宅，南京原国民党外交部大楼及官舍，南京下关电厂，南京首都饭店，上海恒利银行，南京陵园孙科住宅，上海大上海大戏院。 1934年，上海金城大戏院，南京卢树森住宅，南京陵园张治中住宅，何建住宅，上海公寓数幢。 school)], 4 4 house building as well as more than 1000 copies of books, more than 10 kinds of collection of newspapers and magazines, fires burnt down. In 1938, the Japanese learned that the national Government established in XI Tang Tomb rotten "clip" taxes, tax officers live in 8 of Yan Dong village farmers home, troops at night, Yao was burned several houses. 1938 new morning of September 18, the Japanese team went to the countryside "sweep" from the kaiyang village line to Tung Yang Jia Qiao yan Temple wall and met Yang Jia溇 Zhou Dana (male) weeks because of long-term illness and can't work in the fields, the Japanese see his face from scratch without calluses, regard him as "Shina", thrust a knife at the scene of his death. The body was stabbed 7 times, wound 13. The same day, Trang bang village heard the Japanese come to "mop-up" are hiding, mother of 9 Zhou Guanbao Zhang Aying to drill a "dry mound", was discovered by the Japanese, a shot in the end. The same day, is 7 zhouhaijiangzhi grandfather Zhou Yingbao to escape the Japanese army, was found on the road, a shot in the end. In March 1939, the Japanese army in Yan Tomb raiding, has arrested 16 people, in fengqiao cigarettes this morning bang, killing 11 people on the River, East meeting point in wood qiaotu in the afternoon killing 4 people on the Riverside. Gu Tong is a Japanese go speak the Shanghai dialect, later to be called Gu Tong as "kill left." On January 18, 1943, the elves, five thousand or six thousand, water and land go hand in hand "mop-up" jiaxing area west of the railway, Yan Tomb area fall. March 6, Niu Shan (County Government II section chief) carrying its child Niu Jun (strict Tomb seventh district Chang) and the District Assistant Yu Xuchu, and players Jin Fuqin, and Shen Baosheng, six people received Wujiang underground County Government notification 1935年，上海浙江兴业银行，南京金城银行别墅。 1936年，南京陵园中山文化教育馆，南京故宫博物院保管库。 1937年，南京水晶台地质矿产陈列馆，地质调查所，原国民党政府资源委员会办公楼、图书馆，南京白下路原国民党政府审计部办公楼。 1938年，四川资中酒精厂，重庆炼铜厂。 1939年，贵阳花溪清华中学，大夏大学教舍。 1941年，贵阳花溪贵筑县政府，清华中学。 1942年，贵阳贵州省儿童图书馆。 1943年，贵阳民众教育馆。 1946年，南京下关工人福利社，南京小营航空工业局。 1947年，南京孝陵卫政治大学校舍、宿舍，南京高楼门公路总局。 1948年，南京萨家湾交通银行，江南铁路公司建设大楼。 1952年，上海杨树浦电力学校教室、礼堂等。 主要论著 著作:《江南园林志》《新建筑与流派》《苏联建筑》《造园史纲》《日本近现代建筑》《建筑科技沿革》《近百年西方建筑史》 论文:《外中分割》《随园考》《北京长春园西洋建筑》 英文论著:《Chinese Gardens》(中国园林)、《Foreign Influence in Chinese Architecture》(中国建筑的外来影响) 画册:《童寯画选》、《童寯素描选》等 《童寯文集》四卷 梁思成 梁思成梁思成 梁思成 1901年4月20日 出生 日本东京 school)], 4 4 house building as well as more than 1000 copies of books, more than 10 kinds of collection of newspapers and magazines, fires burnt down. In 1938, the Japanese learned that the national Government established in XI Tang Tomb rotten "clip" taxes, tax officers live in 8 of Yan Dong village farmers home, troops at night, Yao was burned several houses. 1938 new morning of September 18, the Japanese team went to the countryside "sweep" from the kaiyang village line to Tung Yang Jia Qiao yan Temple wall and met Yang Jia溇 Zhou Dana (male) weeks because of long-term illness and can't work in the fields, the Japanese see his face from scratch without calluses, regard him as "Shina", thrust a knife at the scene of his death. The body was stabbed 7 times, wound 13. The same day, Trang bang village heard the Japanese come to "mop-up" are hiding, mother of 9 Zhou Guanbao Zhang Aying to drill a "dry mound", was discovered by the Japanese, a shot in the end. The same day, is 7 zhouhaijiangzhi grandfather Zhou Yingbao to escape the Japanese army, was found on the road, a shot in the end. In March 1939, the Japanese army in Yan Tomb raiding, has arrested 16 people, in fengqiao cigarettes this morning bang, killing 11 people on the River, East meeting point in wood qiaotu in the afternoon killing 4 people on the Riverside. Gu Tong is a Japanese go speak the Shanghai dialect, later to be called Gu Tong as "kill left." On January 18, 1943, the elves, five thousand or six thousand, water and land go hand in hand "mop-up" jiaxing area west of the railway, Yan Tomb area fall. March 6, Niu Shan (County Government II section chief) carrying its child Niu Jun (strict Tomb seventh district Chang) and the District Assistant Yu Xuchu, and players Jin Fuqin, and Shen Baosheng, six people received Wujiang underground County Government notification 1972年1月9日 去世 中国北京 身份 建筑师 林徽因(1928-1955) 配偶 林洙(1962-1972) 梁思成(1901年4月20日,1972年1月9日)，中國著名建築史學家、建築師、城市規劃師和教育家，一生致力於保護中國古代建築和文化遺產。曾任中央研究院院士、中國科學院哲學社會科學學部委員。在《建筑五宗师》书中与吕彦直、刘敦桢、童寯、杨廷宝合称“建筑五宗师”。 目录 [隐藏] , 1 成長求學時期 , 2 抗日戰爭時期 , 3 中华人民共和国成立后 , 4 著作 , 5 注释 , 6 参考书目 成長求學時期 梁思成的父親梁啟超是清朝著名的改革家，為躲避慈禧太后掌權的清政府迫害而出國，所以梁思成出生於日本東京，1912年辛亥革命後，隨父母從日本回國，曾在北京崇德國小及匯文中學就學。1915年入北平清華學校(1928年之後的清華大學)，1923年畢業於清華學校school)], 4 4 house building as well as more than 1000 copies of books, more than 10 kinds of collection of newspapers and magazines, fires burnt down. In 1938, the Japanese learned that the national Government established in XI Tang Tomb rotten "clip" taxes, tax officers live in 8 of Yan Dong village farmers home, troops at night, Yao was burned several houses. 1938 new morning of September 18, the Japanese team went to the countryside "sweep" from the kaiyang village line to Tung Yang Jia Qiao yan Temple wall and met Yang Jia溇 Zhou Dana (male) weeks because of long-term illness and can't work in the fields, the Japanese see his face from scratch without calluses, regard him as "Shina", thrust a knife at the scene of his death. The body was stabbed 7 times, wound 13. The same day, Trang bang village heard the Japanese come to "mop-up" are hiding, mother of 9 Zhou Guanbao Zhang Aying to drill a "dry mound", was discovered by the Japanese, a shot in the end. The same day, is 7 zhouhaijiangzhi grandfather Zhou Yingbao to escape the Japanese army, was found on the road, a shot in the end. In March 1939, the Japanese army in Yan Tomb raiding, has arrested 16 people, in fengqiao cigarettes this morning bang, killing 11 people on the River, East meeting point in wood qiaotu in the afternoon killing 4 people on the Riverside. Gu Tong is a Japanese go speak the Shanghai dialect, later to be called Gu Tong as "kill left." On January 18, 1943, the elves, five thousand or six thousand, water and land go hand in hand "mop-up" jiaxing area west of the railway, Yan Tomb area fall. March 6, Niu Shan (County Government II section chief) carrying its child Niu Jun (strict Tomb seventh district Chang) and the District Assistant Yu Xuchu, and players Jin Fuqin, and Shen Baosheng, six people received Wujiang underground County Government notification 高等科。1924年和林徽因一起赴美國費城賓州大學建築系學習，1927年獲得學士和碩士學位，又去哈佛大學學習建築史，研究中國古代建築。 1928年与林徽因在温哥华結婚後赴歐洲考察各地建築，回國後在瀋陽東北大學(张学良时任校长)任教，在那裡創立了中國現代教育史上第一個建築學系。同時成立了建築師事務所，設計建造了東北大學主樓，並測量考察了清昭陵的建築，當時就試圖保護瀋陽鐘鼓樓，但不被當地政府採納，終於被拆毀。1930年和張銳參與天津市規劃，以《天津特別市物質建設方案》獲獎。 抗日戰爭時期 日本侵略東北後，梁思成於1931年回到北平，進入中國營造學社工作，梁思成入营造学社后的第一件工作，就是在1932年主持故宫文渊阁的修复工程。 梁思成原计划即时著手研究宋代《營造法式》，不料「這部漂亮精美 [1]的巨著，竟如天書一樣，無法看得懂」。為了深入研究古代，他首先從比較近的《清工部工程做法则例》著手，拜北京老木匠和彩畫匠為師，配合研究北平大量清代建築，搞懂《清工部工程作法則例》，在1932年著成《清式營造則例》手稿(1934年出版)。 同时期粱思成和中国营造学社同人，还收集和整理清代匠作则例中建筑师傅历代相传的《营律大木做法》、《大木分法》、《小木分法》school)], 4 4 house building as well as more than 1000 copies of books, more than 10 kinds of collection of newspapers and magazines, fires burnt down. In 1938, the Japanese learned that the national Government established in XI Tang Tomb rotten "clip" taxes, tax officers live in 8 of Yan Dong village farmers home, troops at night, Yao was burned several houses. 1938 new morning of September 18, the Japanese team went to the countryside "sweep" from the kaiyang village line to Tung Yang Jia Qiao yan Temple wall and met Yang Jia溇 Zhou Dana (male) weeks because of long-term illness and can't work in the fields, the Japanese see his face from scratch without calluses, regard him as "Shina", thrust a knife at the scene of his death. The body was stabbed 7 times, wound 13. The same day, Trang bang village heard the Japanese come to "mop-up" are hiding, mother of 9 Zhou Guanbao Zhang Aying to drill a "dry mound", was discovered by the Japanese, a shot in the end. The same day, is 7 zhouhaijiangzhi grandfather Zhou Yingbao to escape the Japanese army, was found on the road, a shot in the end. In March 1939, the Japanese army in Yan Tomb raiding, has arrested 16 people, in fengqiao cigarettes this morning bang, killing 11 people on the River, East meeting point in wood qiaotu in the afternoon killing 4 people on the Riverside. Gu Tong is a Japanese go speak the Shanghai dialect, later to be called Gu Tong as "kill left." On January 18, 1943, the elves, five thousand or six thousand, water and land go hand in hand "mop-up" jiaxing area west of the railway, Yan Tomb area fall. March 6, Niu Shan (County Government II section chief) carrying its child Niu Jun (strict Tomb seventh district Chang) and the District Assistant Yu Xuchu, and players Jin Fuqin, and Shen Baosheng, six people received Wujiang underground County Government notification 等手抄本，1932年出版粱思成编订的《营造算例》，在《中国营造 [2]学社汇刊》上分三次刊印。为了着手研究《营造法式》，必须收集宋代建筑的资料。1937年時有關宋代建築的资料，有如凤毛麟角，梁思成、林徽因和中國營造學社的同人，決定到中國各地找尋中國古代建築的實例。在交通不便、兵荒馬亂時代，他冒很大風險和妻子林徽因等一起，在十幾年間，踏遍中國十五省，二百多個縣，測繪和拍攝二千多件從唐、宋、遼、金、元、明、清各代保留下來的古建築遺物，包括天津薊縣辽代建築獨樂寺觀音閣，寶坻遼代建築廣濟寺，河北正定辽代建築隆興寺，山西遼代應縣木塔，大同遼代寺廟群華嚴寺、善化寺等，河北趙州隋朝建造的安濟橋，山西五台山7月7日發現當時所知中國尚存的最古老的木構建築物佛光寺。他將這些重大的考察的結果，寫成文章在國外發表，引起國際上對這些文物的重視，并為他日後注釋《營造法式》，和編寫《中國建築史》，準備良好的基礎。 1936年梁思成與史坦因(Clarence Stein， 美國建築學家和城市規劃專家)有所交流，開始閱讀和思考城市規劃，將這些列為他日後研究課題。 七七事變後，日本人邀請他組建「中日友好協會」，他和全家撤退到後方，先後在昆明和重慶李庄定居，在此期間培養了許多建築師。並繪製了重點保護文物地圖，提供美國援華飛行員，在轟炸敵後時注意避開這些地點。在後方期間仍然考察了四川彭山漢朝崖墓。在盟軍對school)], 4 4 house building as well as more than 1000 copies of books, more than 10 kinds of collection of newspapers and magazines, fires burnt down. In 1938, the Japanese learned that the national Government established in XI Tang Tomb rotten "clip" taxes, tax officers live in 8 of Yan Dong village farmers home, troops at night, Yao was burned several houses. 1938 new morning of September 18, the Japanese team went to the countryside "sweep" from the kaiyang village line to Tung Yang Jia Qiao yan Temple wall and met Yang Jia溇 Zhou Dana (male) weeks because of long-term illness and can't work in the fields, the Japanese see his face from scratch without calluses, regard him as "Shina", thrust a knife at the scene of his death. The body was stabbed 7 times, wound 13. The same day, Trang bang village heard the Japanese come to "mop-up" are hiding, mother of 9 Zhou Guanbao Zhang Aying to drill a "dry mound", was discovered by the Japanese, a shot in the end. The same day, is 7 zhouhaijiangzhi grandfather Zhou Yingbao to escape the Japanese army, was found on the road, a shot in the end. In March 1939, the Japanese army in Yan Tomb raiding, has arrested 16 people, in fengqiao cigarettes this morning bang, killing 11 people on the River, East meeting point in wood qiaotu in the afternoon killing 4 people on the Riverside. Gu Tong is a Japanese go speak the Shanghai dialect, later to be called Gu Tong as "kill left." On January 18, 1943, the elves, five thousand or six thousand, water and land go hand in hand "mop-up" jiaxing area west of the railway, Yan Tomb area fall. March 6, Niu Shan (County Government II section chief) carrying its child Niu Jun (strict Tomb seventh district Chang) and the District Assistant Yu Xuchu, and players Jin Fuqin, and Shen Baosheng, six people received Wujiang underground County Government notification 日本國土進行總攻擊時，梁思成透過美駐重慶辦事處聯絡官布朗森上校，陳述了保護京都、奈良古建築的重要性，並提交了一份關於奈良古建築的圖紙，以及這樣一段見解:「建築是社會的縮影，民族的象徵，但絕不是某一民族的，而是全人類的共同財產。如奈良唐招提寺，是全世界最早的木結構建築，一旦炸毀，是無法補救的。」美軍接受了梁的建議，並請其助手在軍用地圖上標繪出區塊，進而保護日本古都免於原子彈轟炸。奈良被宣佈為世界歷史文化名城三十周年紀念日時，《朝日新聞》特刊一文——奉為《日本古都恩人梁思成氏》。(《文 [3]匯報》2006.6.28李光羽文)。 1945年日本投降後，回北平擔任清華大學建築系主任，创办營建(建築城市規劃)学系，毕生志力教育工作。1949在《文汇报》发表“清华大学营建学系学制及学程计划草案”。 [4]1940年10月-1946年應邀作為美國耶魯大學客座教授，並獲普林斯頓大學名譽博士學位，被指名作為紐約聯合國總部大廈設計諮詢委員會的中華民國代表，在此期間和世界知名的建築師勒?柯布西耶等人一起共事。第二年回國。平津戰役中，繪製北平古物保護的地圖區塊，避免受到炮擊。 school)], 4 4 house building as well as more than 1000 copies of books, more than 10 kinds of collection of newspapers and magazines, fires burnt down. In 1938, the Japanese learned that the national Government established in XI Tang Tomb rotten "clip" taxes, tax officers live in 8 of Yan Dong village farmers home, troops at night, Yao was burned several houses. 1938 new morning of September 18, the Japanese team went to the countryside "sweep" from the kaiyang village line to Tung Yang Jia Qiao yan Temple wall and met Yang Jia溇 Zhou Dana (male) weeks because of long-term illness and can't work in the fields, the Japanese see his face from scratch without calluses, regard him as "Shina", thrust a knife at the scene of his death. The body was stabbed 7 times, wound 13. The same day, Trang bang village heard the Japanese come to "mop-up" are hiding, mother of 9 Zhou Guanbao Zhang Aying to drill a "dry mound", was discovered by the Japanese, a shot in the end. The same day, is 7 zhouhaijiangzhi grandfather Zhou Yingbao to escape the Japanese army, was found on the road, a shot in the end. In March 1939, the Japanese army in Yan Tomb raiding, has arrested 16 people, in fengqiao cigarettes this morning bang, killing 11 people on the River, East meeting point in wood qiaotu in the afternoon killing 4 people on the Riverside. Gu Tong is a Japanese go speak the Shanghai dialect, later to be called Gu Tong as "kill left." On January 18, 1943, the elves, five thousand or six thousand, water and land go hand in hand "mop-up" jiaxing area west of the railway, Yan Tomb area fall. March 6, Niu Shan (County Government II section chief) carrying its child Niu Jun (strict Tomb seventh district Chang) and the District Assistant Yu Xuchu, and players Jin Fuqin, and Shen Baosheng, six people received Wujiang underground County Government notification 中华人民共和国成立后 扬州大明寺鉴真和尚纪念堂--梁思成设计 中華民國政府遷至台灣後，其兼任北京市規劃委員會副主任，主持設計了人民英雄紀念碑。1950年和陳占祥發表《關於中央人民政府行 [5]政中心位置的建議》(梁陳方案)。他多次上書，挽救了北海的團城和北京城牆(城牆在他去世後仍然被拆毀)。他堅決主張保護北京古建築和城牆，建議在西郊建新北京，保護舊北京城，不在舊城建高層建築，但這些建議沒有被採納。如果他的所有建議都被採納，北京古城會成為世界上保存最完好的古都和建築博物館，北京城的發展也可以避免現在的極度集中與擁擠。他所考察發現的許多古建築，現在都成為當地引為自豪的文化古跡。 他設計的唯一唐代風格的建築作品是揚州大明寺的鑒真和尚紀念堂，在他身後建成。 [6]1959年梁思成加入中国共产党。 school)], 4 4 house building as well as more than 1000 copies of books, more than 10 kinds of collection of newspapers and magazines, fires burnt down. In 1938, the Japanese learned that the national Government established in XI Tang Tomb rotten "clip" taxes, tax officers live in 8 of Yan Dong village farmers home, troops at night, Yao was burned several houses. 1938 new morning of September 18, the Japanese team went to the countryside "sweep" from the kaiyang village line to Tung Yang Jia Qiao yan Temple wall and met Yang Jia溇 Zhou Dana (male) weeks because of long-term illness and can't work in the fields, the Japanese see his face from scratch without calluses, regard him as "Shina", thrust a knife at the scene of his death. The body was stabbed 7 times, wound 13. The same day, Trang bang village heard the Japanese come to "mop-up" are hiding, mother of 9 Zhou Guanbao Zhang Aying to drill a "dry mound", was discovered by the Japanese, a shot in the end. The same day, is 7 zhouhaijiangzhi grandfather Zhou Yingbao to escape the Japanese army, was found on the road, a shot in the end. In March 1939, the Japanese army in Yan Tomb raiding, has arrested 16 people, in fengqiao cigarettes this morning bang, killing 11 people on the River, East meeting point in wood qiaotu in the afternoon killing 4 people on the Riverside. Gu Tong is a Japanese go speak the Shanghai dialect, later to be called Gu Tong as "kill left." On January 18, 1943, the elves, five thousand or six thousand, water and land go hand in hand "mop-up" jiaxing area west of the railway, Yan Tomb area fall. March 6, Niu Shan (County Government II section chief) carrying its child Niu Jun (strict Tomb seventh district Chang) and the District Assistant Yu Xuchu, and players Jin Fuqin, and Shen Baosheng, six people received Wujiang underground County Government notification 文化大革命中，他被作為「復古」的典型而被批判並抄家，其所收藏的全部圖書資料都被沒收。抄家者在其家中發現屬於其早已去世的四弟梁思忠的中正式軍刀上刻有「中正贈」(中正為國民政府主席蔣中正的名諱)，這也成了他的一大罪狀。1972年，梁思成在貧病中去世。中共在文化大革命過後宣佈對梁思成「恢復名譽」。 粱思成从1940年开始着手研究《营造法式》，前后二十余年，在1963 [7]年完成《营造法式注释》初稿。但因爆发文化大革命，出版被搁置，直到1980年粱思成《营造法式注释》遗稿才初次由清华大学营造法 [8]式研究小组整理出版。 [9]他在國民抗戰期間的重慶李庄以英文寫成《圖像中國建築史》，但唯一的一份原稿，失蹤了三十幾年，後經美國友人費慰梅(Wilma Fairbank 費正清夫人)多方追尋，終於在新加坡原封不動失而復得，於1984年由美國麻省理工學院出版社出版後，獲美國出版聯合會專業學和術書籍金獎;中文本於1992年獲中國出版協會獎。越到後來，他的貢獻的重要性，越被後人所認知。 梁思成第一任妻子林徽因，第二任妻子林洙，其兒為梁從誡，女儿为梁再冰 著作 , 《世界史纲》(英)威尔斯著作 梁思成等译 1932 商务印书馆 , 《中国雕塑史》 中国建筑工业出版社 1985 school)], 4 4 house building as well as more than 1000 copies of books, more than 10 kinds of collection of newspapers and magazines, fires burnt down. In 1938, the Japanese learned that the national Government established in XI Tang Tomb rotten "clip" taxes, tax officers live in 8 of Yan Dong village farmers home, troops at night, Yao was burned several houses. 1938 new morning of September 18, the Japanese team went to the countryside "sweep" from the kaiyang village line to Tung Yang Jia Qiao yan Temple wall and met Yang Jia溇 Zhou Dana (male) weeks because of long-term illness and can't work in the fields, the Japanese see his face from scratch without calluses, regard him as "Shina", thrust a knife at the scene of his death. The body was stabbed 7 times, wound 13. The same day, Trang bang village heard the Japanese come to "mop-up" are hiding, mother of 9 Zhou Guanbao Zhang Aying to drill a "dry mound", was discovered by the Japanese, a shot in the end. The same day, is 7 zhouhaijiangzhi grandfather Zhou Yingbao to escape the Japanese army, was found on the road, a shot in the end. In March 1939, the Japanese army in Yan Tomb raiding, has arrested 16 people, in fengqiao cigarettes this morning bang, killing 11 people on the River, East meeting point in wood qiaotu in the afternoon killing 4 people on the Riverside. Gu Tong is a Japanese go speak the Shanghai dialect, later to be called Gu Tong as "kill left." On January 18, 1943, the elves, five thousand or six thousand, water and land go hand in hand "mop-up" jiaxing area west of the railway, Yan Tomb area fall. March 6, Niu Shan (County Government II section chief) carrying its child Niu Jun (strict Tomb seventh district Chang) and the District Assistant Yu Xuchu, and players Jin Fuqin, and Shen Baosheng, six people received Wujiang underground County Government notification , 梁思成著 《中国建筑史》百花文艺出版社 ISBN 7530641689 , 《清工部工程做法则例图解》 清华大学出版社 ISBN 7-302-13229-1 , 《清式营造则例》 中国建筑工业出版社 1981 , 《营造算例》 梁思成编 , 《营造法式注释》 中国建筑工业出版社 1981 , 《建设设计参考图集》 梁思成主编 , 梁思成著 《中国建筑艺术二十讲》 ISBN 7801063848 , 《梁思成全集》第一卷至第十卷 中国建筑工业出版社 2004 , Liang Ssu Ch’eng: Chinese Architecture， A Pictorial History， Edited by Wilma Fairbank ISBN 048643999S 梁思成 2001《图像 中国建筑史》。香港:三联书店(费慰梅编,梁从诫译。繁体汉 语英语版) , 梁思成，张锐 1930《城市设计实用手册 -- 天津特别市物质建 设方案》9月，天津:北洋美术印刷所。(繁体). , 梁思成 1945 “市镇的体系秩序” 重庆:《大公报》8月。(繁 体). , 梁思成 1949 “清华大学营建学系学制及学程计划草案”《文 汇报》7月10,12日。(繁体). , 梁思成，陈占祥 1950《关于中央人民政府行政中心位置的建议》 2月，北京(梁陈方案，繁体). school)], 4 4 house building as well as more than 1000 copies of books, more than 10 kinds of collection of newspapers and magazines, fires burnt down. In 1938, the Japanese learned that the national Government established in XI Tang Tomb rotten "clip" taxes, tax officers live in 8 of Yan Dong village farmers home, troops at night, Yao was burned several houses. 1938 new morning of September 18, the Japanese team went to the countryside "sweep" from the kaiyang village line to Tung Yang Jia Qiao yan Temple wall and met Yang Jia溇 Zhou Dana (male) weeks because of long-term illness and can't work in the fields, the Japanese see his face from scratch without calluses, regard him as "Shina", thrust a knife at the scene of his death. The body was stabbed 7 times, wound 13. The same day, Trang bang village heard the Japanese come to "mop-up" are hiding, mother of 9 Zhou Guanbao Zhang Aying to drill a "dry mound", was discovered by the Japanese, a shot in the end. The same day, is 7 zhouhaijiangzhi grandfather Zhou Yingbao to escape the Japanese army, was found on the road, a shot in the end. In March 1939, the Japanese army in Yan Tomb raiding, has arrested 16 people, in fengqiao cigarettes this morning bang, killing 11 people on the River, East meeting point in wood qiaotu in the afternoon killing 4 people on the Riverside. Gu Tong is a Japanese go speak the Shanghai dialect, later to be called Gu Tong as "kill left." On January 18, 1943, the elves, five thousand or six thousand, water and land go hand in hand "mop-up" jiaxing area west of the railway, Yan Tomb area fall. March 6, Niu Shan (County Government II section chief) carrying its child Niu Jun (strict Tomb seventh district Chang) and the District Assistant Yu Xuchu, and players Jin Fuqin, and Shen Baosheng, six people received Wujiang underground County Government notification , 梁思成 1950. “关于北京城墙存废问题的讨论”《新建设》第 二卷第六期，5月。(繁体). , 梁思成，林徽因 1951 ”北京,都市计划的无比杰作” 《新观 察》第二卷第七期，4月。(繁体). , 梁思成，林徽因 1951 “序”《城市计划大纲》清华大学营建 学系译。上海:龙门联合书局，10月(《雅典宪章》单行本， 繁体). , 林徽因，梁思成 1952 “译者的体会”《苏联卫国战争被毁地 区之重建》5月，上海:龙门联合书局(繁体). , 梁思成 1952《人民首都的市政建设》北京:科普出版社，12 月。(单行本，繁体). , 梁思成，林徽因，莫宗江 1954 “中国建筑发展的历史阶段” 《建筑学报》第二期12月。 《梁思成全集》第六卷 《清式 营造则例》 《梁思成全集》第七卷 营造清工部工程做法则《营造算例》 法式注释 例图解 《建设设计参考图集》 概述 梁思成，男，广东省新会人，是中国著名的建筑学家和建筑教育家。毕生从事中国古代建筑school)], 4 4 house building as well as more than 1000 copies of books, more than 10 kinds of collection of newspapers and magazines, fires burnt down. In 1938, the Japanese learned that the national Government established in XI Tang Tomb rotten "clip" taxes, tax officers live in 8 of Yan Dong village farmers home, troops at night, Yao was burned several houses. 1938 new morning of September 18, the Japanese team went to the countryside "sweep" from the kaiyang village line to Tung Yang Jia Qiao yan Temple wall and met Yang Jia溇 Zhou Dana (male) weeks because of long-term illness and can't work in the fields, the Japanese see his face from scratch without calluses, regard him as "Shina", thrust a knife at the scene of his death. The body was stabbed 7 times, wound 13. The same day, Trang bang village heard the Japanese come to "mop-up" are hiding, mother of 9 Zhou Guanbao Zhang Aying to drill a "dry mound", was discovered by the Japanese, a shot in the end. The same day, is 7 zhouhaijiangzhi grandfather Zhou Yingbao to escape the Japanese army, was found on the road, a shot in the end. In March 1939, the Japanese army in Yan Tomb raiding, has arrested 16 people, in fengqiao cigarettes this morning bang, killing 11 people on the River, East meeting point in wood qiaotu in the afternoon killing 4 people on the Riverside. Gu Tong is a Japanese go speak the Shanghai dialect, later to be called Gu Tong as "kill left." On January 18, 1943, the elves, five thousand or six thousand, water and land go hand in hand "mop-up" jiaxing area west of the railway, Yan Tomb area fall. March 6, Niu Shan (County Government II section chief) carrying its child Niu Jun (strict Tomb seventh district Chang) and the District Assistant Yu Xuchu, and players Jin Fuqin, and Shen Baosheng, six people received Wujiang underground County Government notification 的研究和建筑教育事业。系统地调查、整理、研究了中国古代建筑的历史和理论，是这一学科的开拓者和奠基者。曾参加人民英雄纪念碑等设计，是新中国首都城市规划工作的推动者，建国以来几项重大设计方案的主持者。是新中国国旗、国徽评选委员会的顾问。 基本信息栏 中文名: 梁思成 逝世日期:1972 年1月9日 国籍: 中国 职业: 建筑教育家，建筑学家 民族: 汉族 毕业院校:美国宾夕法尼亚大学 出生地: 日本东京 主要成就:建筑教育、建筑研究、建筑艺术 出生日期:1901 年4月20 杨廷宝 杨廷宝(1901 10.02 - 1982 12.23)，字仁辉。建筑学家、建筑教育学家。中国近现代建筑设计开拓者之一。河南南阳人。 1901年10月2日生，自幼受到绘画艺术熏陶。 1912-1915年在河南留学欧美预备学校读书(今 河南大学)， 1915年入北京清华学校(1928年改名清华大学)。 1921年毕业于清华学校高等科，同年赴美国宾夕法尼亚大学建筑系深造。 1926年毕业后赴欧洲考察建筑。 1927年回国加入基泰工程司，为建筑设计方面的主要负责人，在事务所的工作直至1949年止。 1940年，受刘敦桢之聘兼任中央大学建筑系教授;1949年中央大学改名国立南京大学，专任南京大学建筑系教授，兼系主任。 1952年，南京大学建筑系等工学院系科分出成立南京工学院(1988年改名东南大学)，任南京工学院建筑系教授兼系主任; 1955年当选中国科学院技术科学部委员(院士)。 1959年任副院长，1979年兼建筑研究所所长。同年任江苏省副省长。 1982年12月23日在南京逝世。 历任南京工学院副院长、南京建筑研究所所长、中国科学院技术科学部委员、中国建筑学会理事长、《中国大百科全书?建筑学》主school)], 4 4 house building as well as more than 1000 copies of books, more than 10 kinds of collection of newspapers and magazines, fires burnt down. In 1938, the Japanese learned that the national Government established in XI Tang Tomb rotten "clip" taxes, tax officers live in 8 of Yan Dong village farmers home, troops at night, Yao was burned several houses. 1938 new morning of September 18, the Japanese team went to the countryside "sweep" from the kaiyang village line to Tung Yang Jia Qiao yan Temple wall and met Yang Jia溇 Zhou Dana (male) weeks because of long-term illness and can't work in the fields, the Japanese see his face from scratch without calluses, regard him as "Shina", thrust a knife at the scene of his death. The body was stabbed 7 times, wound 13. The same day, Trang bang village heard the Japanese come to "mop-up" are hiding, mother of 9 Zhou Guanbao Zhang Aying to drill a "dry mound", was discovered by the Japanese, a shot in the end. The same day, is 7 zhouhaijiangzhi grandfather Zhou Yingbao to escape the Japanese army, was found on the road, a shot in the end. In March 1939, the Japanese army in Yan Tomb raiding, has arrested 16 people, in fengqiao cigarettes this morning bang, killing 11 people on the River, East meeting point in wood qiaotu in the afternoon killing 4 people on the Riverside. Gu Tong is a Japanese go speak the Shanghai dialect, later to be called Gu Tong as "kill left." On January 18, 1943, the elves, five thousand or six thousand, water and land go hand in hand "mop-up" jiaxing area west of the railway, Yan Tomb area fall. March 6, Niu Shan (County Government II section chief) carrying its child Niu Jun (strict Tomb seventh district Chang) and the District Assistant Yu Xuchu, and players Jin Fuqin, and Shen Baosheng, six people received Wujiang underground County Government notification 编、国际建筑师协会副主席、江苏省政协副主席等职。第一届至第五届全国人民代表大会代表。 书目 《杨廷宝素描画选》 《杨廷宝建筑设计作品集》 《杨廷宝建筑言论集》 《杨廷宝谈建筑》 (齐康记述) 杨廷宝 (1901,1982)字仁辉，现代建筑学家、建筑师和建筑教育家，河南南阳人。 1915年，杨廷宝考入北京清华留美预备学校，1921年留学美国宾夕法尼亚大学建筑系。他在求学期间，多次获得全美建筑系学生设计竞赛的优胜奖。1926年赴欧洲考察建筑，1927年回国加入天津基泰工程公司。他曾在较短的时间内，为东北边防长官张学良设计出营建公寓的方案，打破了外国设计师垄断中国建筑设计的局面。从20世纪20年代后期起，设计有南京的中央医院、中央体育场、中央研究院地质研究所和北京的交通银行、清华大学图书馆扩建工程、京奉铁路沈阳总站等。1932年，他受聘于北平市文物管理委员会，主持古建筑的修缮工作。由他主持的天坛祈年殿等古建筑修缮工程及清华大学等高等学府的建筑整体规划和设计，都达到了很高的水平。1940年起，他兼任中央大学建筑系教授。 中华人民共和国建立后，杨廷宝历任南京大学工学院建筑系主任，南京工学院建筑系主任、副院长、建筑研究所所长，江苏省副省长、江苏省政协名誉主席等职。1953年起当选为中国建筑学会第一、二、三、四届理事会副理事长，第五届理事长。1955年当选为中国科学院技术科学部学部委员。杨廷宝在国际建筑学界享有很高威望，1957年和1961年两次当选为国际建筑师协会副主席。他还是中华人民共和国第一至第五届全国人大代表。他从事建筑设计50多年，主持和参加设计过众多的建筑物。20世纪50年代初期设计的北京和平宾馆对中国现代建筑设计颇有影响，此项设计曾受到周恩来总理和中外人士的赞扬;他参加过北京的人民大会堂、人民英雄纪念碑、北京火车站、北京图书馆、毛主席纪念堂等建筑工程方案设计，主持和参加过南京长江大桥桥头堡、江苏省体育馆、雨花台烈士陵园、南京机场候机楼、南京国际联欢社新楼、南京下关火车站、南京中央通讯社等重大工程的规划和设计。他一生中主持参加、指导设计的建筑工程达100余个，在中国近现代建筑史上负有盛名。他在建筑设计中十分重视中国国情，注重整体环境，吸取并运用中西建筑传统经验和手法，并在长期创作实践中对现代中国建筑风格进行了不懈的探索。 杨廷宝不仅是中外闻名的建筑学家，还是杰出的建筑教育家。从1940年他任中央大学建筑系教授到1982年的40多年中，他勤勤恳恳，教书育人，桃李满天下，许多学生已成为中国建筑事业的领导人和著名学者、教授。他还曾17次率领中国代表团或代表中国出席国际学术会议，进行科学考察和友好访问。杨廷宝主编的《综合医院建筑设计》，创作的《杨廷宝水彩画选》、《杨廷宝素描选集》、《杨廷宝建筑设计作品集》均已出版。他还撰写了有关中国的城市规划、风景环境规划设计和古建筑保护等方面的论文。 school)], 4 4 house building as well as more than 1000 copies of books, more than 10 kinds of collection of newspapers and magazines, fires burnt down. In 1938, the Japanese learned that the national Government established in XI Tang Tomb rotten "clip" taxes, tax officers live in 8 of Yan Dong village farmers home, troops at night, Yao was burned several houses. 1938 new morning of September 18, the Japanese team went to the countryside "sweep" from the kaiyang village line to Tung Yang Jia Qiao yan Temple wall and met Yang Jia溇 Zhou Dana (male) weeks because of long-term illness and can't work in the fields, the Japanese see his face from scratch without calluses, regard him as "Shina", thrust a knife at the scene of his death. The body was stabbed 7 times, wound 13. The same day, Trang bang village heard the Japanese come to "mop-up" are hiding, mother of 9 Zhou Guanbao Zhang Aying to drill a "dry mound", was discovered by the Japanese, a shot in the end. The same day, is 7 zhouhaijiangzhi grandfather Zhou Yingbao to escape the Japanese army, was found on the road, a shot in the end. In March 1939, the Japanese army in Yan Tomb raiding, has arrested 16 people, in fengqiao cigarettes this morning bang, killing 11 people on the River, East meeting point in wood qiaotu in the afternoon killing 4 people on the Riverside. Gu Tong is a Japanese go speak the Shanghai dialect, later to be called Gu Tong as "kill left." On January 18, 1943, the elves, five thousand or six thousand, water and land go hand in hand "mop-up" jiaxing area west of the railway, Yan Tomb area fall. March 6, Niu Shan (County Government II section chief) carrying its child Niu Jun (strict Tomb seventh district Chang) and the District Assistant Yu Xuchu, and players Jin Fuqin, and Shen Baosheng, six people received Wujiang underground County Government notification