广东省韶关市丹霞山考察报告

广东省韶关市丹霞山#考察报告# OBSERVATIONS FOLLOWING FIELD INSPECTION OF DANXIASHAN, SHAOGUAN CITY, GUANGDONG PROVINCE 26-29 July, 2008 Chris Wood Bournemouth University, U.K. ___________________________________________________________ The following are observations on the scientific, administrative and management issues identified and discussed during the inspection visit to Danxiashan, 22-26 July, 2008. The visit was undertaken at the invitation of the Administrative Committee of Mt. Danxiashan World Geopark and the team responsible for developing the documentation and site improvements in preparation for Danxiashan forming a part of a larger Danxia World Natural Heritage Site serial nomination. While inspection was carried out in association with the three other members of an international team (Paul Dingwall, Wolfgang Eder and Tim Kusky), the comments below belong to this author only. Please note that the observations below are based on a very limited personal examination of the Danxiashan candidate WH site and may inadvertently contain some factual errors. The comments here supplement those made in discussion at the seminar held in Shaoguan during the period of the site inspection. Geological significance Daxiashan holds a special place in the serial nomination because it is the locality after which the 'Danxia Landform' (or landscape type) is named. It is also a distinguished Global Geopark and National Park. As with all of the other Danxia sites forming the members of this future nomination, the Danxiashan landscape is developed on red terrigenous beds that were deposited during the Mesozoic in a faulted basin (the Shaoguan basin). The two principal sedimentary formations in which the landscape has formed are of Cretaceous age, the lower being the Changba Formation and the upper known as the Danxia Formation. These sandstones, grits, conglomerates, marls and evaporites are indicative of deposition in a hot, arid continental climate. The sediments of the two formations accumulated about 70 mya to a combined depth of 3700m. The lower Changba Formation is 2400m thick and represented by a sequence of red clastic rock, 1 comprising fluvial-lacustrine mudstone, siltstone, fine-grained sands and some conglomerate. The upper Danxia Formation is 1300 m thick and contains fluvially-deposited purple conglomerate, gritstone, red sandstone and some siltstone. The Danxia Formation is relatively hard, massively bedded and relatively resistant to erosion, forming the basis of a highly angular landscape. This contrasts with the landscape formed on the softer beds of the underlying Changba Formation, which is more subdued, with rounded slopes. The beds have very low dips and in most places are virtually horizontal. However, this is a simplification and in effect the area has been divided in two by a large NNE-SSW trending thrust fault (now followed by the Jinjiang River), in which the western block has been uplifted against the eastern one. Thus, while the landscape to the east of the Jinjiang River (i.e., the downfaulted side) is formed exclusively in the beds of the Danxia Formation, that on the west (i.e., the upfaulted side) has formed in the softer Changba sediments, on which rest remnants of the lower beds of the Danxia formation. Mountain elevations are higher on the west than on the east, with the peak Bazhai rising to 625m. As in other Danxia basins, the red beds have been fractured by a dense network of faults and joints, and these have been exploited by the drainage system. Thus, the combination of lithological and tectonic control is extremely pronounced in Danxiashan, resulting in angular blocks of more resistant Danxia Formation sediments, resting on softer slopes of the underlying Changba Formation. The massive bedding, high fracture density and harder nature of the Danxia sediments, together with undercutting by streams into the underlying Changba rocks making overlying rock masses unstable, have created a most remarkable and distinctive angular landscape, dominated by vertical rock faces which bound mountain blocks, mesas, buttes and columns. Danxiashan is a fantastic, clearly understood geomorphic system and it correctly may be termed 'classical'. However, the Danxiashan landscape is very different from some of the other eight candidate Danxia sites that I have seen. Principal is the fact that domed peaks are less dense than say in Langshan, while Taining and Guanzhaishan have a greater abundance of fluvially-cut 'line' and 'lane' valleys and canyons. These differences have been put down to the different stages in maturity of the various landscapes, with Danxiashan being claimed to be in the Mature development stage. Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) and scientific integrity Danxiashan has a spectacular and unusual landscape and has very high geological and landscape value, although I do not have sufficient knowledge to make a judgement on the value of the biology. I do regard Danxiashan to have Outstanding Universal Value, principally for its geology, geomorphology and landscape qualities, but I suspect also that with more exploration and research of the ecology Danxiashan will prove to be an extremely rich and important biological resource. Nevertheless, Danxiashan does not tell the whole story of Danxia landscapes in China, and in order to do this it must join with other sites in a serial nomination. 2 I do find that Danxiashan does have geological and probably biological integrity. Fieldtrips Fieldtrips took place in the tourist access area in the northern part of the Danxiashan scenic zone. They included a visit to the Geopark Museum, a short walk to a viewpoint overlooking the Yangyuanshi Stone, a walk to the Yinyuanshi Stone and overlook into the park, a short boat trip on Dragon Lake and another on Jinjiang River, and a long walk to Pearl Peak and The Elder Peak, with a descent via the Jinshiyan Caves. I was most impressed with the idea of c.20km? of the Mt Danxia Scenic Zone being reserved specifically for tourism use. This concept is very well described in the book Danxiashan: Red Sandstone Park of China, as are the various interpretive trails that have been provided for visitors (but the titles of the trails - 'The Surveying Routes of ...' - described from p.99 onward are most confusing and in a future reprint of this excellent book the pages should be headed 'Geological Interpretive Trails of Danxiashan Geopark'). With the use of this book I was able to identify trail routes, places and features observed during our excursions. The multi-use area at the entrance to the parkland gave an opportunity to see the site of the proposed new museum, the trading area (it was good to talk to one of the shopkeepers about his concession from the park authority to sell goods to the tourists) and the access to the JinJiang river. Similar trading concessions and opportunities for recreation were also observed at entrance to Xianglonghu Lake. It was interesting to experience the large number of tourists on the trails and the satisfaction they apparently get from having access to such a beautiful landscape and unusual geological features. It was also of great professional interest to me to observe the special geological features, such as the Yangyuanshi Stone, and the solutional fluting on the side of Yangyuan Hill, as well as the stratigraphy, immense scale, and importance of caves of the Great Cliff of Jinshiyan. Perhaps the most impressive and instructive excursion was ascent of Danxia Mountain via the cablecar to the overlook at Pearl Peak and the Sun-viewing Pavilion at Elder Peak, with a descent by foot via the Jnshiyan cave group. The view particularly from the Pearl Peak viewing platform was extremely impressive, enabling an overview and good discussion of the geology and geomorphology of the area. Some issues arising from the field inspection and discussion at the seminar in Shaoguan Boundaries of the proposed WH site's core and buffer zones and those of the National Park While I understood the rationale for the boundaries of the core and buffer zones of the proposed World Heritage Site, the outer boundary of the buffer zone did not coincide with that of the national park (i.e., the map on the first page (Abstract) of the Danxiashan nomination book shows three zones: core, buffer and buffer of the national park). This must be adequately explained, and either the buffer zone for the WHS is extended to coincide with that of the national park, or a good explanation of the different function of the buffer zone of the national park should be provided. 3 Dam on the Jianjiang River The fact that the river is dammed is not a problem: indeed, the lake serves an economic/community use and in addition without it tourists would be denied an excellent viewing opportunity of the landscape and wildlife. The issue is one therefore of aesthetics, and centres around whether or not the ugly superstructure of the dam, which carries the lifting gear for the sluice gates, may be cosmetically enhanced. Communities within the park It was good to see that the local community gain benefits from the park from trading concessions and employment as rangers, guides and maintenance staff. It also became clear in discussion that there are some (nine) agricultural communities within the park. It is to be hoped that these communities are involved in any future discussions on land use that may affect their traditional style of life, and while inappropriate development in these villages might be discouraged, there may be opportunities for local people to contribute to the conservation work of the park and benefit from sustainable tourism opportunities Heritage Interpretation The interpretation is very good, but somewhat dated and not always interpretive of the most important resources being viewed. The geopark museum was excellent and I am sure in its proposed new purpose-built building there will be an opportunity to rebuild the displays and receive larger numbers of vistor to Danxiashan. There is also an important need for a gateway visitor centre and it was pleasing to learn that this will be incorporated as a part of the design of the new museum. It is interesting that the book Danxiashan: The Red Stone Park of China contains guides to interpretive trails (routes), but these are not apparently available as separate leaflets to visitors. Developing trails leaflets for at least some of the routes described in the book would enable more detailed interpretation of features to be provided to visitors. In addition, both the style and content of site interpretation panels throughout the park require updating, with content directed more explicitly toward public understanding of the special nature of the geology, geological history, landscape values and wildlife of the park. Recreational access to the back country I find it interesting that public access to the park is restricted to mass tourism in the northern access area. Yet, the park has some superb opportunities to develop tourism/recreational potential by allowing some controlled activities to take place in the 'back country'. For example, there are opportunities for long distance kayaking along the Jinjiang river, one or more long distance hiking trails, backcountry camping sites, organised (interpretive) excursions to observe the otherwise inaccessible landscape or wildlife, etc. Public safety It was clear that we all found the paths on Danxia Mountain dangerously slippery when wet, while some rock steps and pathways had inadequate safety barriers or handrails. Path surfaces should be reviewed and where necessary improved, while more appropriate safety barriers and safety warning signs should be erected. 4 Removal of buildings There is apparently a programme to remove inappropriate buildings from around the Blechuansi Monastry on Danxia Mountain and around the entrance to Xianglonghu Lake and Elder Peak. Some of the buildings in the last area will be shops. While I did not find all the buildings intrusive, there are some located on the side of the mountain that are run down and highly visible whose removal would enhance the landscape of the park. I understand that (some?) shop traders will be located to an area outside of the park. The re-development of the service areas within the park, including the building of the new museum and visitor centre, do appear to be carefully planned and the park authority are to be congratulated on their foresight in this regard. Biological surveys The seminar at Shaoguan included a review of the biology of Danxiashan, when it was described that surveys of the animal and plant communities are underway, but that even at this early stage of data gathering it is clear that the park has a very special ecology and rich biodiversity. We learned that the park straddles the zone between sub-tropical and tropical bio-climatic regions, and has a complex ecological history which is still being worked out. In addition, there are special habitats such as cliffs and ravines which have unique wildlife communities. It was good to see that spatial mapping of vegetation types and other ecological resources is being undertaken. However, while it is becoming clear that Danxiashan has a rich biodiversity and some unusual communities, much further field research and comparative analysis needs to be undertaken before the biological values can be justifiably claimed to have OUV. Nevertheless, research into the biology and ecology of the park is likely to reveal some important discoveries in the future. Management planning The report on the work of the Administrative Committee of the Geopark presented at the Shaoguan seminar demonstrated impressive progress on the management aspects of the park. In particular it outlined the laws and regulations under which any future WH Site is to be managed and reviewed the status of existing and future management plans, including the Master Plan for the park. Some priorities for action appeared to be 'improvement' of conservation plans (it was interesting to learn about the zoning of the park), significant financial investment in infrastructure (including improved signage, 'barricade equipment' and staff training), establishment of the new museum and improved tourism marketing and monitoring. This is impressive progress that must now be translated into text to fill the empty pages in the Danxiashan nomination document. Contribution to the single serial nomination and Comprehensive Text Both Paul Dingwall and I pointed out repeatedly at Hangzhou and during our field visit here that the Comprehensive Text, and indeed your own nomination text, is incomplete. Not only are Sections 4, 5, 6 and 7 described in Annex 5 of the Operating Guidelines for the Implementation of 5 the WH Convention missing, but so is any serious attempt at completing Section 3 (Justification of Inscription, including the Comparative Analysis). There is now very little time in which to prepare these chapters, which still require substantial research, thought and co-ordination with other candidate sites. An immediate priority for Danxiashan is to ensure that all of the chapters of its individual nomination are completed - because this information is required to inform the compilation of the Comprehensive Text. One further concern is related to the preparation of a single 'management system' for the management and administration of the serial nomination. Again, I have seen no evidence that work has progressed on this. Conclusion In conclusion, I have found Danxiashan a most interesting, instructive and impressive mountain area and have enjoyed my short stay here immensely. This inspection visit has enabled me to appreciate the scale, variety and superb quality of your national park. One regret is that we did not spend as much time as I would have liked reviewing the biodiversity and important plant and animal communities. I have no doubts that Danxiashan is an important contributor to the Danxia serial nomination: however, there is still considerable work to complete in order to present a persuasive argument (justification) to a sceptical evaluator. This is the challenge to be met in the next few months. Acknowledgements and thanks I should like to thank the Administrative Committee of the Danxiashan Geopark for inviting me on this very short visit, and I hope that you will find my comments useful. I always enjoy exploring mountainous terrain, a pleasure heightened even more on this occasion by the superb company of your team and its associates. Thank you for your warm hospitality. 6 应丹霞山世界地质公园管理委员会的邀请，2008年7月22-26日期间，由沃夫冈•伊德、克里斯•伍德、保罗•丁沃以及蒂姆•柯斯盖组成的国际专家组，实地考察了丹霞山。此次考察的主要任务是为正 在积极申报世界自然遗产的丹霞山就修改有关文本资料、进一步完善 景区方面提出意见和建议。考察报告将从科学、行政和管理三个方面 以及在韶关举行的座谈会上讨论过的内容作进一步阐述。 (注:基于本人这次只是对丹霞山世界遗产提名地作了一次短暂 的考察，因此，本文当中可能会有一些观点与实际情况有所偏差。下 面的言论纯属本人的个人观点。) 丹霞山，是“丹霞地貌”(或景观类型)的命名地，因此，它在“丹 霞”捆挷申遗提名中具有特殊的地位；同时，它也是国家地质公园和 世界地质公园。丹霞山是在中生代时期的断陷盆地--韶关盆地中的红色陆相沉积层的基础上发育形成的。在距今7千万年前后(白垩纪年代)，这里形成了厚度约3700米的沉积层。其下层2400米厚的红色碎屑岩，称为长坝组，由河流湖上的泥岩石、粉砂岩、细颗粒的沙子 和一些混合岩块等物质构成，岩性较细软，在地貌上呈低山缓丘状； 其上层1300 米厚的岩层称为丹霞组，主要是由紫红色砂岩、砂砾岩、 红砂岩和一些粉砂岩构成，其岩性相对坚硬，具有大量分层以及相对 较强的抗侵蚀性的特点，因此在地貌上呈棱角分明的高崖奇峰。我们 可以得出，在沉积层里所混合了砂岩、砂砾岩、砾岩、泥灰土和蒸发 岩等物质表明了丹霞山当时是在较为干旱炎热的大陆性气候中产生 的。 丹霞山的岩层面整体上是近水平，只有小部分深凹。简单， 丹霞山是受北北东向和南南西向(现在趋向锦江河流向)的断层的强烈影响，使西部岩石抬升。由此得出，整个地势呈现西高东低的特点。 丹霞组形成了锦江东边的风景(例如位于断裂的下层)；而支撑起丹霞组较低部分、松软的长坝组形成了景区西部的风景(例如位于断裂的 7 上层)，甚至丹霞山的最高峰是西部的巴寨（625米）。 在其他丹霞盆地中，红层频繁的受到断层和节理的作用而发生断 裂，同时，流水沿着这些裂缝塑造了丹霞山景观。因此，岩性作用和 构造作用是形成丹霞山的主要因素。在长坝组基部的缓坡上形成了具 有抗侵蚀性的、拥有高山奇峰的丹霞组。积累了大量的层理、强烈的 断裂，近乎纯天然的沉积物顺着河水在长坝组底部渗透、侵蚀凹陷； 同时，大部分长坝组的岩石不稳固因素，造就了丹霞山最独特、神奇 壮观的风景，像垂直的岩石决定了景区内形成山体、方形地貌、孤峰 和圆柱。 丹霞山是一个非常绝妙的地方，在这里呈现在我们面前的是堪称 “经典”的地质地貌体系。在我考察的九个申遗提名地当中，丹霞山 的景观是最特别、与众不同的。但是，每个提名地都有着各自不同的 景观特点，正如崀山有着分布集中的山顶呈半圆型的山峰、泰宁和冠 豸山有着大量被流水切割成“线”或“巷”的峡谷，这些都证明他们 发育在不同的阶段，像丹霞山则是在丹霞地貌的壮年期（成熟期）。 一方面，丹霞山“具显著的普遍价值”，主要体现在它的地质、 地貌学和景观价值上。虽然我不太了解其生物学的价值内涵，但是， 毫无疑问的是，丹霞山拥有神奇壮观的风景，在景观和地质地貌方面 有着极高的价值。因此，我建议景区在生态学方面做更多的探索和研 究来证明丹霞山有着极其丰富和重要的生物资源，并且此项工作也需 要和其他8个提名地共同来完成，因为丹霞山并不能完全说明全国丹 霞地貌及其生物群落演化的全过程。 另一方面，丹霞山具有地质完整性和生物完整性的科学价值。 这次考察之行是从丹霞山风景区北山门出发。行程包括考察地质 公园博物馆，阳元石，阴元石，游翔龙湖和锦江，然后登山到达宝珠 峰和长老峰顶，最后下至锦石岩。 我印象最深刻的是被开发成旅游观光区的丹霞景区，面积达20 平方公里。该景区的开发理念在《中国红石公园－丹霞山》这本书上 已经详细地介绍了丹霞山为游客提供的各种各样的游览线路，(但我 8 发现这本书从页码99页起，标题为“丹霞山地质科考旅游线”的内 容比较混乱，因此，建议如果将来重新印制这本书时，应该把“丹霞 山地质科考旅游线路”排放在首位)。通过阅读这本书，我能回忆出 我们整个的考察路线、途经景点的位置和其特点。这里是一个集观光、 商业、娱乐于一身的多元化景区。在公园用地的入口处，可以看到未 来规划新建的博物馆的选址地；在山门外、阳元山游览区等地都可以 看到的商贸街，景区管委会与当中的一些店铺经营者签订合作， 让他们获得合法代理丹霞山特有纪念品的销售权，这种做法非常好； 此外，在长老峰游览区内也看到相似的买卖所有权活动和承包的配套 娱乐设施。 与大批的游客一起沿着考察线路享受沿途美丽的风景和观赏奇 特的地质地貌是一种非常有趣的体验。考察中，景区奇特的地质特点 引起我的兴趣：像阳元石、阳元山石壁的大型水蚀沟槽和锦石岩峭壁 上的蜂窝状洞穴….然而，令我印象最深刻、最具教育意义的线路是 乘缆车登宝珠峰和观日亭，然后下山至锦石岩。在韶音亭观景台上饱 览的景点给我留下了非常深刻的印象，这里是考察和辨认地质和地貌 学的最佳场所。 从《丹霞山申遗综合文本》摘要的第一页的地图上显示，公园划 分为三个区域：世界遗产提名地的核心区、缓冲区和国家公园的缓冲 区。我能够从中了解前两个区域之间的划分依据，但是难以理解的是 世界遗产提名地的缓冲区的外边界却没有和国家公园的缓冲区重叠 在一起。因此，要解决这个问题，建议把世界遗产提名地的缓冲区扩 大直到与国家公园的缓冲带的边界相重合；或者是详细解释两个缓冲 带彼此不连接的原因以及国家公园缓冲区在整个区域中所发挥的特 殊功能。 事实上，在河上建水坝是没问题的。锦江不仅为当地创造可观的 经济效益，而且为游客提供了一个游览自然风光和野生动植物的绝好 景点。水坝的唯一的问题是外形欠美观。从审美观的角度考虑，改造 9 水坝外观可以通过为水闸闸门设立升降起重联动装置，达到加强装饰 的效果。 公园里有9个村庄，我很高兴的看到当地的一些居民通过合法的 经营买卖从中获益，也有相当一部分人被景区雇用成为园林管理员、 导游和维修人员等。景区与当地居民的生活息息相关，我建设当地村 民将来能够参与景区有关土地的开发利用方面的讨论，因为景区开发 有可能影响他们传统的生活方式。与此同时，景区应该阻止这些村庄 一切不适宜的发展，这不仅让当地居民为保护丹霞山做贡献提供了机 会，也为他们从旅游业持继发展中获益提供良机。 A.丹霞山申请世界自然遗产地的陈述材料做得相当不错，但是当 中的有一小部分已经过时的信息应该及时更新，而一些最重要的资源 也应该被补充。B.现有的丹霞山地质博物馆很出色，我希望未来规划 新建的地质博物馆将同样会陈列这些展品，并且吸引大批的游客到这 里参观。另外，游客中心也是必不可少的，我很高兴的了解到它也是 新的博物馆的组成部分之一。C.《中国红石公园》是一本好书，当中包括了旅游路线的介绍，但是这本书显然不适合作为宣传手册发放给 游客。宣传手册应该针对列举的多条游览线路中所涉及的景点进行更 详细的说明介绍。D.景点解说牌的外形样式和里面的内容都应该及时 更新，并且在介绍景点奇特的地质种类、地质地貌的发展史、景观价 值和野生生物资源方面的内容应更加明确、更倾向大众化、通俗易懂。 据我观察，在丹霞景区内有大量的旅游项目受到限制。为了丰富 景区的娱乐活动，丹霞山应该选择在景区“偏远地区”或周边地区适 当的开发一些受管制的旅游项目或娱乐项目。例如，在锦江开发长途 皮艇项目、推出一条或多条长途徒步旅游线路、开发“边缘地带”露 营项目、在其它景区（禁止进入游览的地区除外）组织短程旅行(引 导性)。 景区的山路潮湿时很容易使人滑倒；另外，一些石阶和山路沿边 10 也缺乏足够安全的栏杆和扶手。因此，建议应该全面检查景区道路情 况，并且及时给予改善；适当增加栏杆和竖立提醒游人注意的警示牌 也是必不可少的。 我们可以很明显的看到针对别传寺、翔龙湖入口以及长老峰附近 都有不合理建筑物的拆迁项目，其中有一部份建筑物所在的区域最后 将会变成商店。尽管一些建筑物没有破坏公园的景观，但是沿路还是 可以清晰可见，影响美观。因此，如果这些建筑物能拆迁，那么丹霞 山将会变得更加迷人。 我非常赞赏景区领导者的远见，景区的未来蓝图都经过了精心设 计，如一些商贸活动将会被划分在公园外围的区域；重新规划公园内 的服务区域，包括新的博物馆和游客中心等，都是非常好的理念。 在韶关召开的座谈会上，还陈述了丹霞山生物多样性。 报告显示景区正在对动植物生态群进行相关的研究工作，虽然目前还 仍是数据采集的初步阶段，但是，我们已经可以了解到公园具有特殊 的生态环境和丰富的生物多样性。像丹霞山跨越亚热带和热带生物气 候区，在这两个区域之间有着现今还尚未定论的复杂生态学历史；景 区还有特别的栖息地，如悬崖和沟壑中有罕见的野生生物群。 我很高兴的看到在立体图形里包括了植被类型和其他生态资源。 现在我们已经知道丹霞山有着丰富的动植物类型和一些罕见的生物 种群，所以我们下一步需要做的是深入的研究和大量相应的分析工 作，以此证明景区的生物价值符合具有突出普遍价值的标准。这项工 作同时也有可能为景区获得一些生物和生态方面的重要发现。 丹霞山管委会在韶关座谈会上出色的汇报了管理方面的工作进 展。特别是概述了它作为世界遗产提名地不管在管理上还是检阅现有 的和未来的管理的情况（包括公园的总体规划），都出台了相应 的法律和法规相匹配。景区把完善保护工作（例如令人很感兴趣的公 园分区规划）做为首要任务，主要投入资金在基础设施建设(包括完 善标识系统、护栏设备以及员工培训)，建立新的博物馆和宣传促销。 11 我认为这些突出的成绩也应该补充入丹霞山申报材料中。 我和保罗在杭州会议上和丹霞山考察结束后反复多次强调《“丹 霞”捆挷申遗综合文本》以及丹霞山申报材料的内容仍不完整。不仅 第4、 5、 6和7章没有按照附录5中关于世界遗产操作的要求进行描述，而且第3部分(考察的评论、综合分析)还有待改进。现在准备材料已经迫在眉睫，但是仍然需要与其它提名地之间开展大量的 研究、探讨和统筹工作。因此，丹霞山当务之急是确保其申遗材料准 确、完整（因为这些信息将会编入《综合文本》）。 另外强调一点，关于为所有系列提名地建立一个统一的管理体系 和行政机构的计划，我没有看到景区在着手准备，因此，需要引起重 视。 总之，我认为丹霞山是非常有趣的、具有教育意义以及令人深刻 印象的地方。我非常享受在这里度过的短暂但美好的时光。这次考察 让我充分认识到丹霞山范围广、物种类型多样和景观价值极高。唯一 遗憾的是我们没有充足的时间深入研究生物的多样性和动植物群落。 无庸置疑，丹霞山是丹霞地貌系列提名中重要的贡献者。然而，为了 给对丹霞山持怀疑态度的评估者做出更有说服力的论据，我们还有很 多工作需要完成，这将是我们在今后几个月将面临的挑战。 首先，我衷心感谢丹霞山世界地质公园管理委员会盛情邀请我参 加这次考察，我希望我的考察报告对你们有所帮助；其次，我也在这 里表达对你们热情待客的感激之情。我一直都很喜欢户外登山攀崖活 动，所以我很喜欢在这里的感觉，然而更重要的是这里杰出的大团队 精神让我所感受的愉快气氛得以升华。 12