国际音标学习

null 英语国际音标 英语国际音标null？？？Ask and answer:为什么要学习音标？null让你学会自己看音标读英语！ 就好像语文看拼音读字。null学习音标并不是难事， 但是 意义却非常深远！ 国际音标国际音标 ｛元音分类：英语中共有48个音标，元音20个，辅音28个。单元音双元音前元音中元音后元音｛/i:/, /ɪ/, /e/, /æ/ /ɜ:/, /ǝ/, /ʌ//u:/, /ʊ/, /ɔ:/, /ɒ/, /ɑ:/ /eɪ/, /aɪ/, /ɔɪ/, /ǝʊ/, /aʊ/, /ɪǝ/, /eǝ/, /ʊǝ/ 辅音爆破音磨檫音 鼻音半元音舌边音/ p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g//f/, /v/, /∫/, /3 /, /θ /,/δ /, /s/, /z/, /h/, /r/ , /tʃ/, /d3/, /tr/, /dr/ ,/ts/, /dz//m/, /n/, /ŋ//l//w/, /j/null元音和辅音的定义： 发音时声带振 动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音。 不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。 发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。 发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。巧记48个国际音标巧记48个国际音标单元音共十二，四二六前中后 双元音也好背，合口集中八个 辅音共计二十八八对一清又七浊， 四个连对也包括。有气无声清辅音， 有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握 Lesson 1Lesson 1 元音[i:] [i] [ә:] [ә] 学习 null /i://i:/例词： he sea tree field 短语： green leaves deep sea clean street eat the meat 例句： A: Would you like coffee or tea? B: Tea, please. A: OK. I have tea, too.null /i/ /i/例词： pin ship hill chicks 短语： a big ship fifty pictures Miss Smith interesting films 例句： A: Is Lily in? B: Lily is ill in bed. C: Oh, I’m sorry.null /ɜ:/- /ǝ://ɜ:/- /ǝ:/例词： girl bird work turn 短语： early bird superb work thirsty person perfect search 例句： A: He always arrives work early. B: But he wasn’t early this morning. A: You weren’t early either.null/ǝ//ǝ/例词： teacher picture breakfast welcome 短语： a glass of water a quarter to seven brothers and sisters a book about China 例句： A: look at the clock！ B: what’s the time? A: it’s a quarter to sevennull音标[i:] [i] [ә:] [ә] 练习 1. 找出下列没有相同发音的词。 ( ) ①he feet bread green ( ) ②pig is dog ship ( ) ③thirty bird her food ( ) ④she big in money ( ) ⑤sweets fish teacher we ( ) ⑥teacher sister about girl ( ) ⑦tiger first work shirt ( ) ⑧tree bean clean chin ( ) ⑨father doctor skirt china ( ) ⑩happy sea sit picture 2. 读音标写单词。 [bi:] [bә:d] [si:] [swi:t] [′bizi] [hә:] [′dɔktә] [′sistә] [li:f] [hi:] 3. 连线。 meat [ә:] thirsty [i:] driver [ә] animal [i:]Lesson 2Lesson 2 音标[ɔ:] [ɔ] [u:] [u]学习null/ɔ://ɔ:/例词： fork ball morning airport 短语： four balls score board morning glory sports reporter 例句： A: I see two children on the blackboard. B: He is short. A: She is shorter.null/ɔ//ɔ/例词： cock shop job hospital 短语： hot coffee long job on the box drop the pot 例句： A: I have a bad cough. B: You must see a doctor. A: Yes, I must go to the hospital.null/u://u:/例词： zoo who food blue 短语： a tooth for a tooth Sue and Lucy fruit juice two shoes 例句： A: Look at my new shoes? B: Oh, they are beautiful. A: Your boots are beautiful, too.null/ u // u /例词： foot wood book push 短语： good cook good book couldn’t look pudding without sugar 例句： A: Where did you put the book? B: Which book? A: The book you bought yesterday.null音标[ɔ:] [ɔ] [u:] [u]练习 一．抄写音标，一个抄写10遍,一边抄写一边读。 [u]： [u:]： [ɔ]： [ɔ:]：__________ 二．找出下列没有相同发音的词。 ( ) ①moon food eat fruit ( ) ②true book wood look ( ) ③four small walk bird ( ) ④got clock shop shirt ( ) ⑤bus foot push book ( ) ⑥lost ball long ox ( ) ⑦ruler dog mooncake blue ( ) ⑧big ship horse itnull四. 写出单词或音标。 [bru:m] [dɔ:] [sit] [bә:d] [fut] [wi:] [dɔg] [′sistә] look do water good too foot clock first work sister doctor sea 五. 将下列单词与正确的音标用线连起来。 hot [blu:] football [huk] blue [ki:s] hook [futbɔ:l] kiss [hɔt] Lesson 3Lesson 3 音标[a:] [Λ] [æ] [e] 练习 null/ɑ://ɑ:/例词： car garden star guitar 短语： fast car half mast heart transplant stars and bars 例句： A: You look very smart today. B: Thank you. C: What a marvelous dancer you are. Let me take a photograph of you. null/ʌ//ʌ/例词： cup run jump flood 短语： hurry up! trust us! rubbish dump mustn’t worry 例句： A: It’s sunny today. B: Yes, isn’t it. A: My uncle will go to London next Monday. B: How lucky he is!null/æ//æ/例词： apple lantern hand parachute 短语： black cat mad man traveling bag matter-of –fact 例句： A: Ann is traveling to Japan. B: How happy she is ! A: She is very happy.null[e] egg desk leg pet bread head 根据发音规则，找出每组中不发[e]的单词。 1.cat well leg pen 2.sweat map pet elephant 3.egg ten tall desk 4.bread head bed toy /e//e/例词： pen head leg well 短语： ten pence very well expensive cigarettes went to America 例句： A: How did you spend your holiday? B: I went to Beijing. A: Was it expensive? B: Yes ,very.null音标[a:] [Λ] [æ] [e] 练习 一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。 [a:]： [Λ]： [æ]： [e]：____ 二．选出下列没有相同发音的词。 ( ) 1. car arm food garden ( ) 2. true jump bus cut ( ) 3. bag short map flag ( ) 4. egg pen head small ( ) 5. got clock bell dog ( ) 6. rabbit book wood foot 三. 写出单词或音标。 ［pa:st］ [ru:m] [swet] [sit] [fæt] [gɔt] [cΛp] [shә:t] bag car bus bread star head null四. 选出下列每中元音有几种读音，有一种读音的在（ ）里画☆,有两种读音的画△,有三种的画◇ ( ) 1. hat fast cook last ( ) 2. jeep door sun gum ( ) 3. dad cap hand map ( ) 4. star car cut from ( ) 5. skirt sheep bird her 五. 改变下列单词的一个字母,使它变成另一个单词 like_________________(交通工具) hat ________________(动物) lake ________________(食品) nice _______________(数字) hot _________________(用品) well _______________(用品) Lesson 4Lesson 4 元音音标[ei] [ai] [ɔi] [au]练习null/ei//ei/例词： face rain cake wait 短语： eight cakes waste paper railway station wait for the mail 例句： A: It’s my birthday today. B: Happy birthday A: Thank you. Come to my birthday party. And don’t be late.null/ai//ai/例词： sky kite write bicycle 短语: white lie high tide eye for eye silent night 例句： A: It’s a fine day today. The sun is shining brightly. B: Yes, I feel hot. I like an ice-cream now. A: Yes, I do, too.null/ɔi//ɔi/例词： boy boil noise coin 短语： a spoilt boy a noisy toy an annoying voice Joyce's boyfriend 例句： A: Look at my toy gun. B: Oh, what a good toy! A: Shall we join our friends in the garden? B: Yes, let’s go.null/au/-/aʊ//au/-/aʊ/例词： cow house mouth trousers 短语： shout out brown mouse down town round lounge 例句： A: Is she milking the cow? B: Yes, she is. A: Is the cow in he house? B: No. She is on the dairy farm.null音标[ei] [ai] [ɔi] [au]练习 一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。 [ei]： [ai]： [ɔi]： [au]：____ 二. 选出下列没有发相同发音的词 ( ) 1. cake egg rain May ( ) 2. kite cry broom fly ( ) 3. boy joy cat noise ( ) 4. blouse sun cow house ( ) 5. tower flower mouth arm 三. 读音标,将下列单词补充完整或写出字母，单 词的音标。 [klaud] [set] [kɔin] [krɔ:s] c__ __ __d s__ __ c__ __n cr__ __s [flæg] [trein] [desk] [smail] f__ __g tr__ __n d__ __ __ s__ __le Aa Kk Ii Yy hi boy cow now toy bike house my cake face how nicenull四. 把下列单词下正确的音标连接起来 bow [bau] gate [pai] tray [geit] pie [trei] poison [pɔizn] 五. 看图、填空、标号 h___t→ s__n→ e__ __s__ r→ r__l__ __→ c__k___→ m__ __th Lesson 5Lesson 5 元音音标[әu] [iә] [eә] [uә]的练习 null/ǝu /-/ǝʊ/ /ǝu /-/ǝʊ/ 例词： 　　　coast 　throw 　boat 　toe 短语： 　　　 Joe’s coat go to the window 　load and unload 　throw a snowball 例句： A: Look! He has a boat. B: Is he going to row? A: I think so.null/iǝ//iǝ/例词： ear queer zero beard 短语： the atmosphere here queer skier weary mountaineer experienced engineer 例句： A: Let’s have some beer here. B: What a good idea! A: What shall we do after having beer? B: We shall go to the theatre.null/eǝ/-/εǝ//eǝ/-/εǝ/例词： hair bare pear chair 短语： millionaire’s heir mayor’s parents square chairs careful librarian 例句： A: Where is my pen? B: It’s over there on the chair. A: Thank you. It’s really there.null/ʊǝ/-/uǝ//ʊǝ/-/uǝ/例词： tour poor jury gourd 短语： poor tourists tour from China furious jury European gourd 例句： A: I received a letter from my uncle. He’s sick with influenza. B: I’m sorry. Is he still in Europe. A: Yes. He’s still working in London. B: He must speak fluent English.null音标[әu] [iә] [eә] [uә]的练习 一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。 [әu]： [iә]： [eә]： [uә]：___________ 二. 选出下列没有相同发音的词。 ( ) 1. mouth coat goat window ( ) 2. dear beer cake teacher ( ) 3. pair boy air hare ( ) 4. poor tour Europe cry ( ) 5. boat bike side fly 三. 写出单词或音标。 ［nәuz］ [said] [iә] [kau] [peә] [puә] [bæt] [wu:d] go ear photo deer near nose hear 五. 把下列单词与音标用线连起来。 ［rәuz］ theater ['θiәtә] rose [skweә] tour [tuә] square [pleisiz] placesnull辅音 爆破音： [p][t][k] [b][d][g] 摩擦音： [f] [v] [s] [z] [θ] [ð] 破擦音： [tr] [dr] [ts] [dz] [t∫] [t3] 鼻辅音： [m] [n] [η] 舌侧音： 1）出现在元音之前叫作清晰舌边音 2）出现在辅音及单词末尾时叫作模糊舌边音 半元音：擦音中气流较弱，摩擦较小，介于元音跟辅音之 间的音 [w] [j] [3] [∫] [h] [r]Lesson 6Lesson 6 辅音音标[p] [b] [t] [d]练习 null/p//p/例词： pig pot pond plan 短语： pick up a pepper pot a piece of pork a pen and a pencil 例句： A: Do you collect stamps? B: Yes, I do. A: Will you show me your stamp album? B: Yes, they are upstairs. Let me go and fetch them.null/b//b/例词： bus bed bench brush 短语： Big Ben a big bottle beautiful blouses blue butterflies 例句： A: Is this your handbag? B: No, it isn’t my handbag is not brown. A: What color is you handbag? B: It’s black.null/t//t/例词： tie taxi tap telephone 短语： tit for tat tip of the tongue flat foot tale-teller 例句： A: I’m hungry. I want something to eat. B: What about some steak? Let’s go to the restaurant! A: Yes, let’s go. null/d//d/例词： door doctor head wind 短语： darling daughter dark red played cards listened to the radio 例句： A: What did you do last night？ B: I studied last night. A: Did you study all night? B: No, I didn’t. I listened to the radio for some time.null音标[p] [b] [t] [d]练习 一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。 [p]： [b]： [t]： [d]：_______ 二. 选出下列没有相同发音的词 ( ) 1. pear ship coat pig ( ) 2. taxi bean cab cabbage ( ) 3. hat sea ticket wallet ( ) 4. seed dance hand full ( ) 5. pick pen sit pineapple ( ) 6. cold find door chair ( ) 7. cloth purple pool push ( ) 8. eat fan quiet set 三.写出单词或音标。 [pændә] [kΛt] [di:p] [klaud] apple pear rabbit read 四. 改变下列单词的一个字母，使它变成另一个单词。 short→_____________(衣物) sea→_________________（感官动词） pet →______________(蔬菜) ten→___________________ (动物)Lesson 7Lesson 7 辅音音标[k] [g] [s] [z]学习null/k//k/例词： car duck clock park 短语： the back of the car ask question a quarter to six cool as cucumber 例句： A: I like chocolate cakes. B: You do? Do you often have chocolate cakes? A: Yes, I do. B: If you want to keep fit, don’t eat too many chocolate cakes.null/g//g/例词： bag dog goat grape 短语： good girl go to the grocer’s as good as gold get angry 例句： A: Can you play the guitar? B: Yes, I played my guitar in the garden and song again and again with my friends last night. A: You must have had a good time last night.null/s//s/例词： sun small horse bicycle 短语： sleep soundly expensive cigarettes some books sit in the sun 例句： A: These are cups. B: Those are saucers. A: They’re nice cups and saucers.null/z//z/例词： zoo prize bees nose 短语： jazz music close the windows these days zero animal 例句： A: Let’s go to the zoo. B: Good. I like looking at the zebras. C: I like the monkeys there. Let’s go.音标[k] [g] [s] [z]的练习音标[k] [g] [s] [z]的练习 一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。 [k]： [g]： [s]： [z]：____ 二. 将下列没有相同发音的词找出来 ( ) 1. car stay neck clock ( ) 2. gas give drive bag ( ) 3. sea boss rice cook ( ) 4. lick zoo rose zero ( ) 5. tears freeze desk busy 三. 写出单词或音标。 ［rais］ [nәuz] [sneik] [gra:s] __________ __________ __________ ___________ [gɔlf] [gla:s] [kɔk] [ki:] __________ __________ __________ ___________ leg cake rice mouse __________ __________ __________ ___________ nose bag get kite __________ __________ __________ ___________null四. 把下列单词与音标用线连接起来。 socks ['gigl] giggle [gәust] ghost [sɔks] face [t∫i:z] cheese [feis] 五. 根据翻译提示。 （1）Daisy is the [desk] on dancing Miss. ________________________________Daisy 小姐正在桌子上跳舞。 （2）name ['sneik] is My. ____________________________________我的名字叫做蛇。 （3）a ['bi:] I'm busy. ____________________________________我是一只忙碌的小蜜蜂。Lesson 8Lesson 8 辅音音标[∫] [3] [t∫] [d3]练习 null/ʃ//ʃ/例词： fish sugar shoe shop 短语： fashion shops friendship association British shoes washing machine 例句： A: This shop sells washing-machines. B: Do they sell air-conditioners, too. A: Sure.null/ʒ//ʒ/例词： garage pleasure measure collision 短语： an unusual collision measure a garage a great decision my pleasure 例句： A: Lily likes clothes for casual wear. B: Clothes for casual wear are comfortable, A: I like to wear them in my leisure time.null/ʧ//ʧ/例词： cheek chicken church watch 短语： Chinese chess which butcher chicken and chips change much 例句： A: Where are the two children? B: They’re having lunch. A: Here are some cherries for them. B: Thank you very much.null/ʤ//ʤ/例词： jeep jug orange bridge 短语： a large jeep injured passengers adjust the engine orange juice 例句： A: I have an orange. B: Oh, your orange is large. Look! I’ve got a large sandwich. A: Yes, it is a very large one.null音标[∫] [3] [t∫] [d3]练习 一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。 [∫]： [3]： [t∫]： [d3]： _____ 二. 选出下列具有相同发音的单词。 ( )1. shell watch ship see ( ) 2. shell pleasure sick treasure ( )3. chair China Monkey dream ( )4. job gift door cabbage ( )5. grass chick start jeans 三. 写出单词或音标。 ［d3æm］ [pi:t∫] [∫ip] [wɔ∫] __________ ___________ _________ __________ fish sheep she catch __________ __________ __________ ___________ peach chick shoes watch __________ __________ __________ ___________Lesson 9Lesson 9 音标[f] [v] [θ] [ð]的练习 null/f//f/例词： laugh fat fish family 短语： fresh fruit fast food soft sofa feel fine 例句： A: Look at Freda! She is fashionable. B: Her hat is funny. A: Look at her fur coat. It’s fabulous.null/v//v/例词: vet village volcano television 短语： lovely view village vet leaving arriving leaves of the vine 例句： A: Who’s driving the van? B: I think victor is. A: Who is victor? B: He is my new neighbor, he has lived here for only a few months.null/θ//θ/例词： tooth month thin thirsty 短语： three thousand Martha's birthday healthy author thir