Unit 2 Back to Nature(回归自然)ppt课件

Unit2BacktoNature实用英语第三册外国语学院大外二教研室新浪微博jianxing-fu加关注（互粉哦）.While-ReadingTaskAfter-ReadingTaskLeisureTimePre-ReadingTask.Whatarethemaindifferencesbetweencitylifeandcountrylife?2.Whichdoyoulikebetter?Citylifeorcountrylife?Why?Somepicturesforreference..country.city.environment.education.transportation.shopping.TextABacktoNature1.Forcenturiestownandcountryhavebeenregardedasbeinginoppositiontoeachother.Ithasbeensuggestedthatthesuperficialdifferencesbetweenthetwo—wide-openspacescontrastingwithbrickandconcrete—arelessimportantthanthecontrastingattitudestowardstownandcountry.2Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoarealwayssayingthatgiventhechoicewewouldprefertoliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseofalargecity.Ihavemanagedtoconvincemyselfthatifitweren’tformyjobIwouldimmediatelyheadoutfortheopenspacesandgobacktonatureinsomesleepyvillageburiedinthecountry.Buthowrealisticisthisdream?.Citiescanbefrighteningplaces.Themajorityofthepopulationliveinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal.Thesenseofbelongingtoacommunitytendstodisappearwhenyoulivefifteenfloorsup.Allyoucanseefromyourwindowissky,orotherblocksofflats.Childrenbecomeaggressiveandnervous—coopedupathomeallday,withnowheretoplay;theirmothersfeelisolatedfromtherestoftheworld.Strangelyenough,whereasinthepasttheinhabitantsofonestreetallkneweachother,nowadayspeopleonthesamefloorintowerblocksdon’tevensayhellotoeachother..Countrylife,ontheotherhand,differsfromthiskindofisolatedexistenceinthatasenseofcommunitygenerallybindstheinhabitantsofsmallvillagestogether.Peoplehavetheadvantageofknowingthatthereisalwayssomeonetoturntowhentheyneedhelp.Butcountrylifehasdisadvantagestoo.Whileitistruethatyoumaybeamongfriendsinavillage,itisalsotruethatyouarecutofffromtheexcitingandimportanteventsthattakeplaceincities.There’slittlepossibilityofgoingtoanewshoworthelatestmovie.Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown.Thecity-dwellerwholeavesforthecountryisoftenoppressedbyasenseofunbearablestillnessandquiet..What,then,istheanswer?Thecountryhastheadvantageofpeaceandquiet,butsuffersfromthedisadvantageofbeingcutoff;thecitybreedsneurosisandafeelingofisolation—constantnoisebattersthesenses.Butoneofitsmainadvantagesisthatyouareatthecentreofthings,andthatlifedoesn’tcometoanendathalf-pastnineatnight.Somepeoplehavefound(orratherbought)acompromisebetweenthetwo;theyhaveexpressedtheirpreferenceforthe“quietlife”byleavingthesuburbsandmovingtovillageswithincommutingdistanceofthelargeconurbations..Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehind—theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangeandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages.Whatthenofmydreamsofleaningonacottagegate,chewingapieceofgrassandmurmuring“mornin”tothelocalsastheypass.I’mkeenontheidea,butyouseethere’smycat,Toby.I’mnotatallsurethathewouldtaketoallthatfreshairandexerciseinthelonggrass.Imean,canyouseehimmixingwithallthoseheartymalesdownonthefarm?No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-coalfireanyevening.....wide-openspacescontrastingwithbrickandconcrete...—...wide-openspacesincontrasttobrickandconcrete....Forcenturiestownandcountryhavebeenregardedasbeinginoppositiontoeachother.—Forcenturiespeoplehavebeenthinkingthattownandcountryareopposingtoeachother..inoppositionto:opposing;beingagainstTruthstandsinoppositiontofalsehood.真理同谬误是对立的.Whatyoudidwasinoppositiontomywishes.你做的事情与我的愿望正相反..contrast:v.tocomparesothatdifferencesaremadeclearInthisbook,thewritercontrastsgoodwithevil.Contrastthecopywiththeoriginal.请将复印件与原件对照一下.cf.contrast:n.comparisonofunlikeobjects,esp.toshowdifferencesIncontrasttothatlastproblem,thisoneiseasy.2)comparisonofunlikeobjects,esp.toshowdifferencesThereisanobviouscontrastbetweentheculturesofEastandWest.东西方文化之间存在着明显的差异.concrete:n.abuildingmaterialmadebymixingsand,verysmallstones,cement,andwatercf.concrete:adj.definite;existingassomethingrealorsolidTheyliveinsoullessconcreteblocks.他们住在了无生气的混凝土楼房里.Allactualobjectsareconcrete.一切实际存在的物体都是具体的.....whoarealwayssayingthatgiventhechoicewewouldprefertoliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseofalargecity.—...whoaresayingagainandagainthatiftheyhadthechancetochoose,theywouldliketoliveinthecountryandgofarawayfromthelargecitywhichisdirtyandnoisy..bealwaysdoing:usedtoimplythatthisisafrequentlyrepeatedactionbuttherepetitionannoysthespeaker/writerorseemsunreasonabletohimTheyarealwaysgoingawayforweekends..given(that):1)ifallowed;providedwithGiventhechance,hemighthavebecomeanoutstandingpainter..given(that):2)ifonetakesintoaccountsGiventhattheyarefreshfromuniversity,theyoungpeoplehavedoneagoodjob..Ihavemanagedtoconvincemyselfthatifitweren’tformyjobIwouldimmediatelyheadoutfortheopenspacesandgobacktonatureinsomesleepyvillageburiedinthecountry.—Ihavesuccessfullymademyselfbelievethat,ifitweren’tformyjob,Iwouldsetoutatoncetowardstheopenspacesandgobacktonatureinsomeveryquietvillagewhichishiddeninthecountry..convince:v.tocause(someone)tobelieveorfeelcertain;cause(someone)torealizeYou'llneedtoconvincethemofyourenthusiasmforthejob.你要使他们相信你殷切希望得到这份工作。Heinstantlyconvincedhimselfthatthestorywastrue..headout:tostarttomoveinacertaindirection;setoutTheshiplefttheportandheadedouttosea.cf.headfor:tomoveinthedirectionofWesawhimheadingforus,sowesteppedaside.Themajorityofthepopulationliveinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal.Mostpeopleliveincrowdedhigh-risebuildingswhicharenoisy,dirtyandimpersonal..Thesenseofbelongingtoacommunitytendstodisappearwhenyoulivefifteenfloorsup.—Ifyouliveonthefifteenthfloor,youdon’thaveanyfeelingthatyouareamemberofacommunity..belongto:tobeamemberorpropertyofWheat,maizeandoatsbelongtothegraingroup.小麦,玉米及燕麦都属谷类.ThishousemustbelongtoJohn.这栋房子一定是约翰的..Childrenbecomeaggressiveandnervous—coopedupathomeallday,withnowheretoplay;theirmothersfeelisolatedfromtherestoftheworld.—Childrenbecomeaggressiveandnervousbecausetheyareshutupathomealldayandtheyfindnoplacetoplay;whiletheirmothersfeelcutofffromtheoutsideworld..nowhere:notinanyplaceortoanyplaceThisanimalisfoundinAustralia,andnowhereelse.这种动物生长在澳大利亚，别处没有。Ifyoudon'tworkhard,you'llendupnowhere.如不努力工作,你就一事无成..isolate:v.tocausetobealoneorseparatedfromothersDonotisolateyourselffromothers.不要把自己孤立起来.Weshouldneverisolateourselvesfromthemasses.我们永远不能脱离群众..strangely(enough):anexpressionusedtoshowourattitudetowhatwearesayingandemphasizethatwhatwearesayingissurprising.Usuallyitcomesininitialpositionandisfollowedbyacomma(,).Thistypeofexpressioniscalled“discoursemarkers”.Actually,you’remistaken.Frankly,Ithinkhe’slying.....inthatasenseofcommunitygenerallybindstheinhabitantsofsmallvillagestogether.—...forthereasonthat,ingeneral,peoplelivinginsmallvillagesarelinkedwitheachotherbyafeelingofbelongingtoacommunity.....thereisalwayssomeonetoturntowhentheyneedhelp....thereisalwayssomeonewhomtheycanaskforhelpwhentheyneedit..inthat:becauseIpreferhisplantoyoursinthatIthinkitismorepractical.HespeakspoorChineseinthatheisforeign-born..turnto:toappealtoforaidTheorphanhadnobodytoturnto.Wemayturntothelaw.我们可以求助于法律..cf.turntoWaterturnstoiceatzeroCentigrade.(=tochangeinto)Afterhelefttheuniversityhebecameateacher,buthelaterturnedtotranslation.(=tobeginsomethingordoingsomethingdifferent)....itisalsotruethatyouarecutofffromtheexcitingandimportantevents...—...itistrue,too,thatyouareshutupofftheexcitingandimportantevents....cutoff:todisconnectTheywerealmostcompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.他们几乎完全与外界绝缘了.....andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown.andyouhavenochoicebuttomakealongjourneytothenearestlargetowninordertobuyanythingthatisalittlebitunusual..slight:a.notgreat;smallorweakaslightheadache(稍微有点头痛)aslightbook(一本无足轻重的书).cf.little:a.small;young;notimportanttwolittleinsects(两个小昆虫)alittlegirl(一个小女孩)thelittlethingsoflife(生活中的琐碎事情).outoftheordinary:unusualorunexpectedMichaelScofieldwasapersonoutoftheordinary.迈克尔·斯科菲尔德是一个不同凡响的人物.Sofar,nothingoutoftheordinaryhashappened.....thecitybreedsneurosisandafeelingofisolation—constantnoisebattersthesenses....thecitycausesnervousdiseasesandafeelingofisolation—noisethatoccursallthetimedoesgreatharmtopeople’ssenses..breed:v.1)tocauseorbethebeginningViolencebreedsviolence.暴力会催生更多暴力。Fliesinfoodshopsbreeddisease.食品店里的苍蝇能引起疾病..breed:v.2)tobringupTheparentsaretryingtobreedtheirsonamusician.....andthatlifedoesn’tcometoanendathalfpastnineatnight....andthatthesocialactivitiesandpleasuredon’tstopathalfpastnineatnight/andthatlifelastsuntillateatnight..cometoanend:tofinishThemeetinghascometoanend.会议结束了.Flowersfadewhentheycometoanend.花儿开过就凋谢了..Somepeoplehavefound(orratherbought)acompromisebetweenthetwo;...Somepeoplehavefound(bought,tobeexact)acompromisebetweencitylifeandcountrylife..orrather:moreexactly;moretruly;itwouldbebettertosayImethimverylateonFridaynight,orrather,earlyonSaturdaymorning.我在星期五深夜见到他,更确切地说是在星期六凌晨.....withincommutingdistanceofthelargeconurbations....whicharenotfarfromthelargeconurbationssothattheycancommutetoandfromworkeveryday..Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehind...Ingeneraltheyarealmostassensitiveastheplasticflowerswhichtheyleftathomeinthecities....plasticflower:atypeofartificialflower.Nomatterhowitismadeordecorated,itisstillunreal.Theauthorusedittoimplythatthosepeoplewholeaveforthecountrystillbelongtocitieswheretheyarecultivated..leavebehind:tofailtotakeorbring,esp.byaccidentIthinkIleftmycreditcardbehindattherestaurant.Ohdear!Thetravellingbaghasbeenleftbehind.....whichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages....whichtheyimposeontheoriginalvillagerswhoareunwillingtoaccepttheirstrangeideas..forceonto/onto:tocause(something)tobeacceptedby(anunwillingperson)Nopoweronearthcouldforcemetodoit.谁也不能强迫我做这事.Theydidn’twantthewar.Itwasforcedonto/ontothem..Whatthenofmydreamsofleaningonacottagegate,chewingapieceofgrassThenIwonderifIcanrealizemydreamsofstandingagainstacottagegate,havingapieceofgrassinmouth....lean:v.torestagainst(something);beinthepositionthatisnotuprightLeaniton/againstthewall.Sheleanedon/againsthisshoulder..I’mkeenontheideaIhaveastrongdesire/reallyhopethatmydreamsmightcometrue,....bekeenon/about:tobeinterestedin;haveastronglikingforHeiskeenonangling.他喜欢钓鱼.I’mnotatallsurethathewouldtaketoallthatfreshairandexerciseinthelonggrass.Ihavenoideawhetherhewouldlikeallthatfreshairandexerciseinthelonggrass..taketo:v.1)tolikeSummerissuchacuteboythateverybodytakestohimatonce..taketo:v.2)todevelopthehabitofItooktostamp-collectingin1980..OutlineThecontrastingattitudestowardstownandcountryIwouldprefertoliveinthecountry.CitiescanbefrighteningplacesAdvantagesanddisadvantagesofcountrylifeSomepeoplehavefoundacompromisebetweenthetwolives.Mydreams..Completethetablewiththeinformationyou’vegotfromthepassage.centerlateatnighttogethernesspeacefulandquietdirtynoiseimpersonalbelongingtoacommunitytheexcitingandimportanteventstakingplaceincitiesgoingtoanewshoworthelatestmovieShopping.Fillintheblankswiththegivenwords.Changetheformwherenecessary.1.Anyimprovementiswelcome,nomatterhow________itis.2.Hisactions________sharplywithhispromisesorprinciples.3.She________againstthewallasshewastootiredtowalkon.4.Luckily,shewasunhurtinthecaraccidentexceptforafew___________cuts.5.Itis____________toconsiderthepossibleconsequenceofreleasingdangerouschemicalsintotheenvironment.leanslightisolateconvinceimprovementfrightenpreferencecontrastcompromisesuperficialslightcontrastleanedsuperficialfrightening.Fillintheblankswiththegivenwords.Changetheformwherenecessary.6.Inasense,noonelivestotallyalone,________fromthesocietyaroundhimorher.7.Ihopewe’llbeabletocometoa____________afteraheart-to-hearttalk.8.Afteraheatedargumentwewerefinally____________thatthestateshoulddevelopamarketeconomy.9.Ithinkthereisconsiderableroomfor_____________instatefacilitiesfortreatingthementallyhandicapped.10.Whenasked,manystudentsexpressedastrong___________foronlinelearning.leanslightisolateconvinceimprovementfrightenpreferencecontrastcompromisesuperficialisolatedcompromiseconvincedimprovementpreference.E-CTranslationSkills定语从句的翻译(2)：非限制性定语从句或较长的限制性定语从句可译成后置的并列分句。非限制性定语从句用来对先行词作附加说明，在文字上一般有逗号与先行词隔开，与先行词的关系较为松散。非限制性定语从句在语意上接近于并列结构，翻译时通常可译成并列分句，放在先行词的后面。例如：.E-CTranslationSkills1.Mr.Smith,whocametoseemeyesterday,isarelativeofmywife’s.史密斯先生昨天来看过我，他是我妻子的亲戚。2.Mancannotliveonthemoon,wherethereisnoairandwater.人类不能在月球上居住，那里没有空气和水。3.Wehavetwospareroomsupstairs,neitherofwhichhasbeenmuchusedinthepasttwoyears.我们楼上有两间空房，前两年没怎么用。.E-CTranslationSkills4.John,whosewifeisill,cannotcometotheparty.约翰不能来参加聚会，他妻子病了。5.Metalhasmanyusefulproperties,ofwhichstrengthisthemostimportant.金属有许多有用的性能，其中强度最重要。.PracticeE-C1.Daylightcomesfromthesun,whichisamassofhot,glowinggas.日光来自太阳，太阳是一团炽热、发光的气体。2.Electroniccomputers,whichmakeitpossibletofreemanfromthelaborofcomplexmeasurementsandcomputations,havefoundwideapplicationinengineering.电子计算机在工程技术上已获得广泛应用，它使人可能摆脱复杂的测量和计算工作。.PracticeE-C3.Mechanicalenergyischangedintoelectricenergy,whichinturnischangedintomechanicalenergy.机械能可转变成电能，而电能又可转变成机械能。4.Miniaturization(小型化)meansmakingthingssmallinsize,whichisofgreatimportanceforthedevelopmentoftheelectronicsindustry.小型化意味着缩小东西的尺寸，这对电子工业的发展极为重要。.PracticeE-C5.Theyknowthehourswhenrestaurantsputtheirleftovers(吃剩的食物)inthegarbagecanswheretheysearchforfood.他们知道饭店什么时候将残羹剩饭倒进垃圾桶，他们在那里寻找食物。.PracticeC-E1.中国是一个发展中国家，属于第三世界。Chinaisadevelopingcountry,belongingtotheThirdWorld.2.英语和西班牙语在发音上大不相同。EnglishdiffersgreatlyfromSpanishinpronunciation.3.起初他并不想买汽车，但我后来说服他买了一辆。Hewasn’tkeenonbuyingacaratfirst,butIpersuadedhimtodoso..PracticeC-E4.他们觉得彼此之间意见分歧很大。Theyfoundthemselvesverymuchinoppositiontoeachother.5.那个村子被大雪封了一个多月。Thevillagehadbeencutoffbytheheavysnowformorethanamonth..LeisuretimeThegreatestvirtueislikewater.Waternourisheseverythingbutcontendsfornothing.上善若水，水善利万物而不争。.LeisuretimeLifeislikeridingabicycle.Tokeepyourbalance,youmustkeepmoving.人生就像骑单车，只有不断前进才能保持平衡.LeisuretimeWhenyoulongforsomethingsincerely,thewholeworldwillhelpyou.当你真心渴望某样东西时，整个宇宙都会来帮忙。.LeisuretimeDon’tletdreamjustbeyourdream.别让梦想只停留在梦里。.EnglishSong.外国语学院大外二教研室张海菊.