英语国家社会文化入门

1.ThefullnameoftheUnitedKingdomisthe___and___.2.TheislandofGreatBritainismadeupofEngland,____and________3.TheUnitedKingdomhasbeenamemberofthe________since1973.4.Britainisnowa__________societywhichproducesapopulationofwhich1in20areof_________ethnicity.5.LondonplaysasignificantroleinBritain’seconomicandculturallife.It’snotonlythefinancial_________ofthenation,butalsooneofthemajorinternationalfinancialcentersintheworld.6.Britainisacountrywithahistoryofinvasions.In43ADBritainwasinvadedby___________inthelate8thcenturytheyexperiencedraidsfromScandinaviaandinthe11thcenturytheysufferedinvasionsfrom____________.7.TheAnglo-SaxonsbegantosettleinBritaininthe__________century.8.Londonculture9.Charlesthefirst,kingofBritain,wasexecuted,becauseheattempttooverthrow___________intheEnglishRevolution.10.NametwoScottishcities___________,_______________.11.ThebattleofBannockburnledbyRoberttheBrucesucceededinwinningthefullindependenceof__________.12.BoththeScottishandWelshpeopleelecttheirmembersofparliamentstotheLondonParliamentstotheLondonParliamentandeachholds__________and_________seatsrespectively.13.ThecapitalofScotlandis_________,whichiswell–knownforitsnatural___________.14.AlthoughWalesisthesmallestofthe3nationsonthemainland,it’sgoodatgetting__________fromabroad,particularlyJapanand_________.1.TheHomeRuleBillwasfinallypassedin_________.,buttheprocesswasovertakenby_________andwassuspendedforthedurationofthewar,2.TopursueIrishindependence,themostspectaculareventintheIrishhistorywas________of1916,inwhichtherebelsoccupiedDublin’s_________andforcedtheBritishtotakeitbackbymilitarymeans.3.AsProtestantswerethemajorityoftheprovince,theycontrolledthelocal________andusedthatpowertosupporttheir_________dominanceinthearea.4.The__________IRAbelievedthattheyhadmadeenoughprogresssothattheycouldconcentrateonapoliticalprocess,andruncandidatesfor__________.5.The__________IRAseparatedfromtheofficials,becausetheyfeltthat___________wastheonlywaytogettheBritishout.6.ThreatenedbytheIRAintheearly1970s,theprotestantsformedtheirownillegal_________groupsandtookrevengeon_____________.7.In1971theNorthernIrishgovernmenttooktheactiontoimprisonterroristsuspectsfrombothsideswithout_________apolicyknownas_____________.8.Inthe1980sconvictedIRAprisonersstartedacampaignforthestatusofbeing___________bystarvingthemselves.TheBritishgovernmentdidn’t_________tothisdemandforpoliticalstatusand11prisonersstarvedtodeath.9.1972wastheworstyearofthetroublesand468peoplewerekilledthatwhichincluded13Catholicswhohadbeentakingpartinapeaceful_____________.TheywereshotdeadbyBritishsoldiers.Thisdayhasbeenmythologisedas_______________.10.SinnFein,thelegal______party,supportstheIRA’srighttofight.ItsleadersspokeofatwincampaignforunionwithIreland,bothpoliticalandmilitary,whichisknownasthepolicyof_________.11.InAugust1994,theIRAdeclaredaceasefirewiththeeffortsmadebyJohnHume,theleaderof____________,,andGerryAdams,theleadersof________.12.It’shardtomaketalkssuccessfulbetweentheBritishandIrishgovernmentswithouttheparticipationof_____________and______________.13.TheGoodFridayAgreement,knownalsoas________________,emergedon10April1998.14.TheGoodFridayAgreementassures___________thatNorthernIreland‘remainspart’oftheUnitedKingdomandshallnotceasetobesowithout________________________________________________ofNorthernIreland.1.____________,theancestorofthepresentQueen,ElizabethII,untiedEnglandunderhisrulein829.2.Thedoctrineofthe‘divinerightofkings’heldthatthesovereignderivedhisauthorityfrom______,notfrom_____________________.3.Duringthecivilwarinthe17thcentury,thosewhorepresentedtheinterestsofParliamentarecalled_____________________,andthosewhosupportedtheKingwerecalled__________.4.In1215,somefeudalbaronsandtheChurchforcedKing____________tosignthe_________________toplacesomelimitsontheKing’spower.5.Inmedievaltimes,kingswouldsummonagroupofwealthybaronsandrepresentaivesofcounties,townsandcities----calledtoraisemoney.6.In1689,Parliamentpassed___________toensurethattheKingwouldneverbeabletoignoreParliament.7.Inthe18thcentury,KingGeorgeIleftthejobofchairingcabinetmeetingtooneofhisministerswholatercametobecalled_____________.8.InBritain,theofficialheadofstateis___________whiletherealcentreofpoliticallifeisin________________________.9.TheBritishConstitutionconsistsofstatutelaw,_________________and_________________10.ThemostimportantfunctionoftheParliamentisto________________.11.Strictlyspeaking,theParliamenttodayconsistsoftheQueen,____________________.12.Lifepeersshouldbenominatedby______________andappointedby________________.1.TheUKisdividedinto__________constituencieswitheachofthemrepresentedbyamemberin__________________.2.Thepartywhichwinsthemajorityseatsinparliamentforms______________anditspartyleaderbecomes__________________.3.Normally,agovernmentcanbeinpowerfor___________years,andthenithastoresignandholdageneralelection.4.Ifagovernmentlosesa____________________intheHouseofCommons,ithastoresign.5.Theamountoftimegiventoeachpartyinthe‘partyelectoralbroadcasts’isproportionaltothe__________________whichthepartyreceivedatthepreviouselection.6.TheLiberalDemocratesareregardedbymanypeopleascomparatively________________and_______________intheirbalanceoftheindividualandthesocial.7.TherearethreemajorpartiesintheUK,________________,theLabourpartyand___________________.8.___________________________wasestablishedbytheLabourgovernmentin1948,providinghealthcareforallthepeople.9.From1979to1997,___________________won4consecutiveelectionsandwasinpowerforquitealongtime.10.Peoplewhodounskilledofficeworkandskilledwell-paidmanualworkarelikelytobedescribedas__________________class.11.Auniversityteacherwouldprobablyreadanewspaperlike________________whileamanualworkerlikestoread______________.12.OnedistinctivefeatureabouttheclasssysteminBritainisthatitstillretainsa____________________.13.MostoftherecentimmigrantscomefromSouthAsiancountriessuchas______________and_____________________countriessuchasJamajca.14.OnFebruary12,2010.BritishPrimeminister_______________tookpartinavideo-conferencewithUN__________________BanKi-moontolaunchahighLevelAdvisoryGroupon_______________________.15.TheUKgovernmenthasfollowedaforthrightpolicyindealingwithclimatechangesince__________________wassignedin1997.1.‘TheJewelintheCrown’oftheBritishEmpire______________,whichprovided_______________andabigmarketforBritishgoods,gainedindependencein1947.2.Alowrateof____________industrialinvestmentcoupledwithaveryhighrateof___________investmentisacharacteristicoftheUKeconomy.3.Since1945,theUKeconomyhasexperienced____________declineratherthandecline.4.Inthe1970s,thedevaluationoftheUKcurrencyforcedtheLabourgovernmenttoborrowmoneyfrom_______________________________________.5.In1979,theConservativepartyunder__________________cameintopowerandcarriedoutaprogrammeof_______________.6.Inrecentyears,BritainissecondonlytotheUSasadestinationfor________________investment.7.TheUKeconomycanbedividedinto3mainsectors,___________industries,secondaryindustriesand____________industries.8.Thebeefindustrywashitbadlyby____________whichcausedabanonbeefexportsin1996.9.Sincethediscoveryofoilandgasunderthe_____________,Britain.10.Glaxo-wellcomeisthebiggestdrugcompanyintheworldwhile___________isthesecondlargestpaintmanufacturerintheworld.11._______________isoneofthebusiestshare-dealingcentersintheworld.12.EnglishmanFrankWhittledevelopedtheworld’sfrist_____________in1937.13.Thegovernmenthaspromisedthat10%oftheenergyoftheUKwillcomefrom________________by2010.1.OneoftheoldestoftheearlyoldEnglishliteraryworkisalongpoemfromAngloSaxontimescalled___________.2._______________writtenbyGeoffreyChaucerisoftenstudiedbymiddleschoolandcollegestudentstoday.3.Shakespeare’splaysfallinto3categories.Theyare____________,__________________andhistoryplays.4.Name2ofthebeijushashibiyaxiede____________________,____________________5.CharlotteBronteandEmilyarenotedfortheirrespectivenovel_________________and__________________whicharelargelythelovestoriesofawomanforaman.6.CharlesDickensandElizabethGaskellareregardednotonlyas__________butalsoassocial_________inthe19thcentury.7.TheauthorofIvanhoewas__________________,CharlesDicken’snovel_____________tellsthestory.8.20th–centuryliteraturecanbedividedinto2._______________________,__________________.9.VirginiaWoolf,especiallythe____________consciousness.Shesometimesusedthetechniqueof___________________inherwriting.10.TheHeartofDarknesswaswrittenby_________________,theauthorofthebook1984was________________.11.Thebest-knownnovelbyWilliamGlodingistitled___________________.12.Inpopularfiction,IanFleming’sfantastic____________________storiesarewell-known.1.The2oldestuniversitiesinBritainare_______________and____________________.2.2famouspublicschoolsmentionedinthetextare____________and__________3.ChildreninBritainmustreceiveafull-timeeducationleagallyfromtheageof__________to______________.4.Pupilsformtheageof5to_____________mainlyattendstate-run____________schools.5.Studentsattend_______________schoolsfromtheageof11uptoaroundtheageof19.6.Parentscanchoosebetweensendingtheirchildrentostateschoolsor______________schools.7.Parentsfromrichsendchildrento_______________schools.8.Comprehensiveschoolsteachstudenteverythingfrom____________subjectslikeliteratureandsciencetomore_____________subjectslikecooking.9.14thto15thScottishUniversityname2.______________________,___________________.10.InBritain,peoplecangotothe__________________withouthavinganyformaleducationalqualifications.11.GCSEstandsfor________________________________.12.GCEA13.GNVQs1UKisoneof___________permanentmembersof_________________inUN.2ThepresentforeignpolicyofBritainisgreatlyinfluencedbyits____________historyandalsobyits________________________.3.Britain’sspecialrelationshipwith________________isanothermajorfactorwhichinfluencestheBritishforeignpolicy.4.Britain’sphysicalisolationhaslongbeenreducedbythedevelopmentof_______________andtheopeningof_____________,whichtotheEurope.5.ThegeneraldirectionofBritain’sforeignpolicyisdecidedby_________________and____________________.6.ThemaingovernmentdepartmentalsoinvolvedinmakingBritain’sforeignpolicyis___________________________________________.7.Britainisa_________________democracy,sothegovernment’sforeignpolicyintheoryrepresentsthedesiresofits_______________.8.Thecommonwealthwasbelievedtobesetupasa_______________forcontinuedcooperationandasasortofsupport_________________.9.Thereare_________numbersofthecommonwealth….Aswellas__________industrialcountries.10.Britainspendsmoremoneyon________thanotherdevelopednations,andisranked___________intermsofitsmilitarypower.11.AsanoutpostofanAmerican-controlledmilitary________,BritainhostsalargeAmericanmilitarypresenceaswellastheNATO_____________________.1.Britain’s3mostpopularactivities,watchingTV,listening.videoand_____________________.2.Thewhichappearedin1791,istheworld’soldest____________newspaper,whileTheTimes,whichpublishingin1785,isBritain’soldest____________newspaper.3.The___________newspaperscarrymoreserious….4._________________isregardedasthemostleft-wingnewspaper.5.theother…._______________areoftencalled‘thegutterpress.6.Officiallyspeaking…..____________andcanprintwhattheylike___________(guanyufagui).7.BBCis________________________.8.____________(fang)sports,drama…______________(fang)shows.’9.Thenewworldisoneof____________________10._________________________carriesbusinessstories…..11.Themediaarealsoaffectedby_________________________,……12.Themediahavemany______________.Theyprovidepeoplewithinformationaboutpoliticalandsocialproblems.Theyplayimportantroleinnational_____________.1.TheFAis______________.2.‘onastickywicket’isassociatedwiththesportof____________..3.2kindsofhorseracing.Flatracingand______________.4.Peopleusuallydressupandshoeofftheirfashionableclothes……called____________________.5.Comparedwithfootball,_____________ismoregentle.6.…..Christmasiscalled_______________.7.ManyMuslimsinBritainobserveatraditionalIslamicfestivalcalled____________,during….8.TheBonfightnightiscalled______________.9.OnMarch17eachyear,celebratethebirthdayof_________________10.ChinsescelebratesChineseNewYearwith________dancesandfireworks.