IEC60896-2.1CDFINAL

Norme Norme CEI Internationale IEC International 60896-2-1 Standard Deuxieme édition Second edition 2002 (?) Batteries stationnaires au plomb- Partie 2: Batteries étanches à soupapes Section 1: Caractéristiques fonctionelles et méthodes d'essais- Stationary Lead-Acid Batteries Part 2: Valve Regulated Types Section 1: Functional characteristics and methods of test File: IEC60896-2.1CDFINAL.doc 60896-2-1 © IEC:2002(?) International Electrotechnical Commission Stationary Lead-Acid Batteries Part 2: Valve regulated types Section 1: Functional characteristics and methods of test Foreword 1)​ The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization comprising for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promotes international cooperation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, the iEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non governmental liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization of Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreements between the two organizations. 2)​ The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters, prepared by technical committees on which all the National Committees having a special interest therein are represented, express as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the subjects dealt with 3)​ They have the form or recommendations for international use published in the form of standards, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in that sense. 4)​ In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any divergence between the IEC Standards and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly indicated in the later. 5)​ The IEC provides nor marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards. International Standard IEC 60896-2 has been prepared by the IEC technical committee 21: Secondary cells and batteries The text of this standard is based on the following documents: DIS Report on voting Full information on the voting for the approval of this standards can be found in the report on the voting indicated in the above table Acknowledgements This committee draft of the revised standard 60896-2.1 was elaborated, after two preparatory sessions, in three working group sessions under the convenorship of Mr. Giess, Oerlikon Stationary Batteries Switzerland and with the generous contribution and support of the following WG3 members and ad-hoc experts: Mr. Alzieu EDF, France Mr. McMenamin Bell Atlantic, USA Mr. Brandenstein Gertek, Germany Mr. Mihal Alcatel, Germany Mr. Chalsani Lucent, USA Mr. Misra C&D, USA Mr. Clerici CGA, Italy Mr. Muneret Hawker, France Mr. Croda Sprint, USA Mr. Nagai Yuasa, Japan Mr. Deshpandè GNB, USA Mr. Pang Nokia, England Mr. Dupendant France Telecom, France Mr. Raybaut MGE, France Mr. Feder Consultant, USA Mr. Ruhlmann C&D, USA Mr. Fischer GNB, Belgium Mr. Rusch BAE, Germany Mr. Hawkins Telepower, Australia Mr. Schädlich Hoppecke, Germany Mr. Hoffmann Mannesmann, Germany Mr. Schulz Deutsche Telekom, Germany Mr. Karlsson Emerson, Sweden Mr. Singy Swisscom, Switzerland Mr. Kniveton British Telecom; UK Mr. Sinz Exide, Germany Mr. Kramm Exide, Germany Mr. Sulzer Siemens, Germany Mr. Laman Yuasa, USA Mr. Svensson Tudor; Sweden Mr. Lailler Exide, France Mr. Szymborski GNB, USA Mr. Lodi Fiamm, Italy Mr. Willmes Hawker, Germany Mr. Lynch Yuasa, UK Mr. Marquet France Telecom, France Mr. May Fiamm, UK Mr. McDowall Saft, USA Mr. McCluer Lucent, USA Mr Harrison, Hawker, UK as Chairman of IEC TC21 together with Mr. Boudou, Franbat, France as Secretary of TC21 provided valuable input for the proper organizational approach of this work. 60896-2-1 © IEC:2002(?) Stationary Lead-Acid Batteries- Part 2 Valve regulated types Section 1 Functional characteristics and methods of test 1 General 1.1​ Scope and objective This part of IEC 60896 applies to all stationary lead-acid cells and monoblocs of the valve regulated type for float charge applications, (i.e. permanently connected to a load and to a D.C. power supply), in a static location (i.e. not generally intended to be moved from place to place) and incorporated into stationary equipment or installed in battery rooms for use in telecom, uninterruptible power supply, utility switching, emergency power or similar applications. The objective of this part of IEC 60896 is to specify the functional characteristics and methods of test for all types of valve regulated stationary lead acid cells and monoblocs used in standby power applications. This part of IEC 60896 does not apply to lead-acid cells and batteries used for vehicle engine starting applications (IEC 60095 series), solar photovoltaic applications (IEC 61427 series), or general purpose applications (IEC 61056 series). 1.2​ Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions, which referenced in this text, constitute provisions of this part of IEC 60896. At the time of publication, the editions indicated are valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of IEC 60896 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain a register of currently valid International Standards. IEC 50(151): 1978, International Electro technical Vocabulary (IEV) – Multilingual Dictionary on Electricity 1992 IEC 359, 1987, Expression of performance of electrical and electronic measuring equipment IEC 60707: 1999, Flammability of solid non-metallic materials when exposed to flame sources – List of test methods. IEC 60695-10-10: 1999, Fire hazard testing Part 11-10 Test flames 50W horizontal and vertical flame test methods IEC 68-2-32: 1975 Basic environmental testing procedures Part 2: Test; Test Ed: Free fall and Amendment 1 and 2: 1990 ISO 1043-1: 1997 Plastics – Symbols and abbreviated terms; Part 1: Basic polymers and their special characteristics. 1.3 Definitions For the purpose of this part of IEC 60896, the following definitions apply: 1.3.1 battery: Two or more secondary cells connected together and used as a source of electrical energy. [IEV 486] 1.3.2 battery, monobloc: A secondary battery in which the plate packs are fitted in a multi-compartment container. [IEV 486] 1.3.3 battery, floating: A battery whose terminals are permanently connected to a source of constant voltage sufficient to maintain the battery approximately fully charged, intended to supply a circuit, if the normal supply is temporarily interrupted. [IEV 486] 1.3.4 battery, capacity: The quantity of electricity or electrical charge, which a fully charged battery can deliver under specified conditions. The SI unit for electric charge is the coulomb (1C = 1A.s) but in practice, battery capacity is expressed in ampere hours. [IEV 486] 1.3.5 cell: An assembly of electrodes and electrolyte, which constitutes the basic unit of a secondary battery. [IEV 486] 1.3.6 cell, valve regulated: A secondary cell which is closed under normal conditions but which has an arrangement, which allows the escape of gas if the internal pressure exceeds a predetermined value. The cell cannot normally receive the addition of electrolyte. [IEV 486] 1.3.7 capacity, actual Ca: The quantity of electricity a cell or battery delivered when determined experimentally with a discharge at a specified rate to a specified end-voltage and at a specified temperature. This value is usually expressed in ampere hours (Ah). 1.3.8 capacity, nominal Cn: A suitable approximate quantity of electricity used to identify the capacity of a cell or battery. This value is usually expressed in ampere hours (Ah). [IEV 486] 1.3.9 capacity, rated Crt: The quantity of electricity, declared by the manufacturer which a cell or battery can deliver under specified conditions after a full charge. This value is usually expressed in ampere hours. [IEV 486] 1.3.10 durability: The ability of a battery to perform a required function under given conditions of use and maintenance, until a limiting state is reached. Note: A limiting state of a battery may be characterized by the end of the useful life, unsuitability for any economic or technological reasons or other relevant factors.[IEV 191] 1.3.11 equipment, stationary: Either fixed equipment or equipment not provided with a carrying handle and having such a mass that it cannot easily be moved. Note. The value of this mass is 18Kg in IEC standards relating to household equipment. [IEV 826] 1.3.12 product range: The range of products, i.e. cells or monoblocs, over which specified design features, materials, manufacturing processes, ISO quality systems and manufacturing locations are identical. 1.3.13 test, accelerated: Test in which the applied stress level is chosen to exceed that stated in the reference conditions in order to shorten the time duration required to observe the stress response of the item, or to magnify the response in a given time duration. Note: To be valid, an accelerated test shall not alter the basic fault modes and failure mechanisms, or their relative prevalence. [IEV 191] 1.3.14 test, acceptance: Contractual test to prove to the customer that the device meets certain conditions of its specification. [IEV 151] 1.3.15 test, commissioning: Tests applied on a device carried out on site to prove the correctness of installation and operation. [IEV 151] 1.3.16 test, endurance: Test carried out over a time interval to investigate how properties of an item are affected by the application of stated stresses and by their time duration or repeated application. [IEV 151] 1.3.17 test, type: A test of one or more devices made to a certain design to show that the design meets certain specifications. [IEV 151] 1.3.18 thermal runaway: A critical condition arising during constant voltage charge in which the current and the temperature of the battery produce a cumulative mutually reinforcing effect which further increases them and can lead to the destruction of the battery. [IEV 486] 1.3.19 voltage, float: The voltage specified by the manufacturer for a floating battery. 1.3.20 voltage, boost: The voltage specified by the manufacturer for an accelerated charge or a mild overcharge of a battery. 2 Functional characteristics 2.1 Functional characteristics In this part of IEC 60896 the following characteristics are deemed essential to comprehensively define the ability of Stationary Lead-Acid Batteries of the Valve Regulated Type to perform their intended function as a reliable source of emergency power. These characteristics can be grouped into Safety, Performance and Durability. 2.2 Safety characteristics These measures describe essential safety characteristics of Stationary Lead-Acid Batteries of the Valve Regulated Type. Test Clause Measures Purpose 4.1 Gas emission intensity To determine the emitted hydrogen volumes 4.2 High current tolerance To indicate the adequacy of current conduction cross- sections 4.3 Short circuit current and internal resistance To furnish data for the sizing of fuses in the exterior circuit 4.4 Protection against short circuit at terminals during transport To evaluate the adequacy of protective features 4.5 Protection against internal ignition from external spark sources To evaluate the adequacy of protective features 4.6 Protection against ground short propensity To evaluate the adequacy of design features of the selected battery 4.7 Presence and durability of required markings To evaluate the quality of safety information markings 4.8 Material identification To ensure the presence of material identification markings 4.9 Valve operation To ensure the correct opening of safety valves 4.10 Flammability rating of materials To verify the fire hazard class of battery materials 4.11 Intercell connector performance To verify the safety margin based on maximum surface temperatures during high rate discharges 2.3 Performance characteristics These measures describe essential performance characteristics of Stationary Lead-Acid Batteries of the Valve Regulated Type. Test Clause Measure Purpose 4.12 Discharge capacity To verify the available capacities at selected discharge rates or discharge durations. 4.13 Charge retention during storage To plan storage durations 4.14 Float service with frequent discharges To plan charging schedules and modes when frequent power outages are encountered 4.15 Recharge behavior To evaluate the battery’s power back-up availability after a power outage 2.4 Durability characteristics These measures describe essential durability characteristics of Stationary Lead-Acid Batteries of the Valve Regulated Type. Test Clause Measure Purpose 4.16 Float service capability at an operating temperature of 40 °C To determine the anticipated operational life at elevated temperatures 4.17 Float service capability at a stress temperature of 55 °C or 60 °C To determine the anticipated operational life under abnormal operating conditions 4.18 Overcharge endurance To determine the anticipated operational life commensurate with poor charge voltage control. 4.19 Abusive over-discharge To determine the expected behavior of the battery when excessive capacity withdrawals are encountered 4.20 Thermal runaway sensitivity To determine the expected times it takes to establish a condition of escalating current and temperature 4.21 Low temperature sensitivity To determine the sensitivity of the battery toward damages induced by electrolyte freezing 4.22 Dimensional stability at elevated internal pressure and temperature To determine the propensity of the battery case and cover to be deformed by internal gas pressure 4.23 Stability against mechanical abuse of units during installation To determine the propensity of the battery case to fracture or leak when dropped. 2.5 Test requirements The requirements to be fulfilled by cells and monoblocs with each test of the three groups of test clauses are established in Section 2 (being drafted separately) of the standard IEC 60896-2. The test requirements for safety characteristics will be on a pass or fail or inform basis. The test requirements for performance or durability characteristics will depend not only on the general category of intended use of the battery (Telecom, UPS, Emergency DC Power) but also on the particular sub-uses within each application. For example, the test requirements for a “Stationary VRLA battery for an outdoor radio base station” in the general “Telecom” category will be different from those for a “Stationary VRLA battery for a Central Office”. Similarly, the test requirements for “Stationary VRLA battery for centralized uninterruptible AC power” in the general “UPS” category will be different from those for a “Stationary VRLA battery for dedicated computer UPS”. This application-specific determination of the test requirements ensures that a particular product range of Stationary Lead-Acid Batteries of the Valve Regulated Type will be suitable for a particular battery user, duty and application. 3​ Test set-up ​ Accuracy of measuring instruments 3.1.1 Voltage measurements The instruments used shall be of an accuracy class equal to 0.5 or better. The resistance of the voltmeters shall be at least 1000 Ohm/V. 3.1.2 Current measurements The instruments used shall be of an accuracy class equal to 0.5 or better. 3.1.3 Temperature measurement The instruments used shall have a resolution of 1°C. The absolute accuracy of the instruments shall be 1°C or better. NOTE As the electrolyte temperature cannot be measured directly in valve regulated cells and monoblocs, an alternative measuring point shall be chosen for giving a temperature reading as close as possible to that of the electrolyte. The preferred point of measurement shall be the negative terminal or the cell wall in contact of the plates. 3.1.4 Time measurements The instruments used shall have of an accuracy of 0.1% or better. 3.1.5 Length measurements The instruments used shall have an accuracy of 1% or better. 3.1.6 Weight measurements The instruments used shall have an accuracy of 1% or better. 3.1.7 Gas volume measurements The instruments used shall have an accuracy of 5% or better. 3.1.8 Gas pressure measurements The instruments used shall have an accuracy of 1% or better. ​ The selection of the test units. 3.2.1 The units to be used for type testing according to this part of IEC 60896 shall be selected in accordance with the procedures as follows: 3.2.2 Step 1: The product ranges in a manufacturers product portfolio shall be defined by using the description of a product range as formulated above. If a product range is manufactured in multiple locations, the product from each location is deemed to be from a separate range. 3.2.3 Step 2: The representative cell or monobloc (model) of each product range shall be selected such that the representative model has combined features that are most critical for the outcome of the greatest number of tests. Generally, units with the highest unit voltage, highest capacity or largest size in a product range shall be selected for the test. 3.2.4 Step 3: These so defined representative models shall be declared, in appropriate technical documentation of the product range, as the sole representative of the entire product range. 3.2.5 Step 4: The test units (samples of the representative model) shall be selected from regular, ISO or equivalent quality-assured production and marked immediately as “60896-2 Test Unit” with indelible, handwritten and distinctive numbers of at least 30mm height on the unit cover 3.2.6 Step 5: The date of production (MM.YY) of the test units shall be reported in the relevant test documentation. 3.2.7 Step 6: The selected test units shall not be stored for more than three months after electrolyte filling and the eventual storage conditions shall be exclusively those specified in the appropriate technical documentation of the product range and reported in the relevant test documentation. 3.2.8 Step 7: The test units shall not be subjected to exceptional conditioning or commissioning treatments beyond or above that specified in the relevant technical documentation of the product range. Such non-admissible conditioning treatments are, for example, repetitive charge/discharge cycling, high temperature storage and similar procedures. 3.3 General test features and rules 3.3.1 The test units shall not undergo any maintenance operations such as water or electrolyte additions or withdrawals during the entire duration of a test. 3.3.2 The test units shall be tested upright or in the position specified by the manufacturer in the relevant technical documentation of the product range except for those cases in which a particular position is specified in the test clause. The position used in any given test shall be reported in the relevant test documentation. 3.3.3 The test units shall always be tested fully charged with the method and duration of charge being exclusively that specified by the manufacturer in the relevant technical documentation of the product range except for those cases in which a particular method or duration is specified in the test clause. The charge methods and duration used in each test shall be reported in the relevant test documentation. 3.3.4 Whenever