I Hear America Singing英文诗歌鉴赏

ＩHeａｒＡｍｅricaＳinｇｉngﻪ——ＷaｌtＷｈｉtｍanﻪＡmerican　poet,　ｅsｓａyist,jouｒnaｌｉst，　aｎd　ｈumaｎisｔTｈefathｅｒoｆ　freeｖｅｒseMａｉnarｔｉｃlｅ：Leaveｓ　ofGｒａｓsAｍerica's　first　"poｅt　ｏf　democrａcy"(１８1９５-1８９２）　　Whｉtmaｎ　ｗｒotｅintｈeprｅｆａｃｅ　to　tｈｅ1８５５ｅdiｔｉｏnoｆLeavesｏｆＧrass,　＂Ｔheproofof　ａｐｏetｉsthathiscounｔrｙabｓorｂshim　aｓafｆeｃｔionatelｙ　ashｅhasaｂｓorbｅｄit.＂ＬeａvesofGｒasｓＡfｌuiｄｆｏrm　whiｃhcoｎfoｒmsｔono　setruｌesｏftradｉtｉonalｖerｓificatｉon.　Theｆreeｉｎｆrｅｅveｒｓｅrｅｆerstｏthefreｅｄｏm　from　ｆixedpatｔernｓｏｆmeteｒandrｈyme，ｂuｔｗｒｉteｒsof　freeｖeｒse　ｅmpｌoyfaｍiliar　poetｉcdevｉｃｅs　sｕｃh　asａｓｓoｎancｅ，　ａlｌitｅｒation,imaｇeｒy，cａesuｒa,　ｆigｕres　of　spｅech,etc.,ａｎdtｈeirrhｙｔｈmiｃeffects　aｒe　deｐenｄeｎｔ　oｎtｈｅｓｙｌｌaｂｉｃcａdenｃeｓ　emｅrginｇ　ｆromｔｈeｔext．Tｈe　teｒｍ　isofｔen　ueｓdｉnｉｔsＦrencｈlanｇuａgefoｒｍ,　ｖerslｉbre.Ｆｒee　veｒse(自由体诗）Ｍｙrｅfleｃtioneacｈperｓoniｓ　importanｔ　ｔｏｓｏcｉsity.each　ｐersonｉs　neededｆoｒ　the　varｉoustrａdeｓｔhat　ｍaｋeｔhｅcｏuntｒyruｎsmｏothlｙ.uｐｌｉfｔingaｎd　posiｔｉvｅ.　ｅacｈpeｒsoｎｉｓuｎｉque，　ｂutunｉｔｅd.freｅdｏmIHeａrＡmeｒiｃaＳｉngiｎｇ——Waｌｔ　WｈiｔmａｎMaｉn　idｅa　　Ｉt　prｅsｅntsｔhepｉcturｅoftｈeAmerｉcanｓ　ｗho　ｆｒoｍaｌloccupationsaｒｅsｉngingfor　tｈeｉr　worｋToｎｅ　Cｈeｅrｆｕl　，ｈappy,ｏptiｍｉｓticＬaｎgｕagｅ　　Siｍpｌe　aｎdeｖｅnｒaｔｈerｃruｄｅ;　　Haｖeatｅndeｎcy　tｏ　orａlEｎｇｌiｓhAｐｐrｅciaｔionApprecｉatioｎDictiｏｎNouns:　ｍeｃhａnics，ｍａsｏｎ，ｗorｋ，　deｃkｈａｎd，　　shｏemaｋeｒ,ｈａttｅr,wｏｏｄcutteｒ，ｐlｏｕghｂoｙ，andmotｈeｒ.Ｖｅｒｂs:meａｓure,makｅ，sinｇiｎg,ｓiｔ，sｔaｎd,　sｅwｉng,waｓｈingPｈｒases＂blitheaｎd　stｒong＂　"deliciｏｕs　sｉngiｎg，"and"strｏng,mｅｌｏｄｉoｕssｏngｓ＂　　　　　TｈeiｍagｅPｅｏｐlｅ：haｐpy　,stｒong，　pｒｏud，ｃonｆident，haｒｄ-wｏrｋｉngCouｎｔry：　peacefｕl,proｄuｃtiｖｅ,pｒｏmiｓingAppｒｅｃiaｔionApｐｒeciatｉonWhｉｔｍan＇s　aｔtituｄｅis　ｕpliｆtｉnｇａｎｄpoｓitive．Whｉtmanpｒａiseｓthewｏrkvalueｓanｄethicｓｏf　tｈe　Amｅｒｉcan　ｐeｏｐle　Ｆｒｏｍuｒbanｔoｒural,　ｆｒoｍ　ｓeａ　toｌaｎｄ，crｅatｉvelａｂor　ｅxiｓtsｅｖerywｈｅｒｅ,whiｃhiｓthecorｅof　Ａｍeｒｉcandｒeａm.Ｔｈｅ　poｅmcｏnsiｓｔｓ　ｏｆＷhitｅｍａｎ’saｌｌcoｎｃeptsｏｆmoｄerｎ　pｅｏｐle　aｎｄ　liｆｅ：ｓinｇingfortｈefloｕｒｉshinｇanddemｏcratｉｃAmｅｒiｃa，sｈｏwｉｎgｔhｅ　digｎitｙ　ａｎd　gｒeａtｎesｓｏｆtｈeworkers，fｕlｌof　ｏptimｉstic　atｔiｔudesto　lifeａndthｅworld.tｈｅｍeMｙｒeflecｔｉonthepｏeｔ　enｖisiｏnsａ　ｃｏｕnｔrｙｏf　ｐｅopleｗｏrkｉｎｇfor　the　ｇrｅateｒｇood　ｏfmankｉｎｄ．ｔｈeｐuｒesｅｎsｕousness，thedirｅct　ｐhysｉcaｌiｔyｏｆthese　wordｓ　anｄ　imａgeｓboｔh　sｈockｅd　ａndｌｉberａteｄ　hｉsａｕdieｎcｅs.Whiｔmａｎgaveｍａnyothｅrwｉｓｅoｖerｌookｅdpeｏpｌe,geｎdersａｎdｇｒｏupsnot　oｎlya　meｌody，ｂuthegａｖeAmｅrica　ｉｔsown,unｉｑueｓongｉn　thｅworld.