大学英语四级听力应试技巧

大学英语四级听力应试技巧 为了更好地、科学地、客观地衡量大学生的英语水平及语言应用能力， 国家语四、六级考委会认真研究测试手段，不断提高测试质量。从9 6年年初起已正式启用翻译、简答题、听写等新题型，2006年大学英语四级考试再次改革， 听力的比分加大到总分的3 5,，直接影响到四级考试的结果，所以这令很多学生感到很头痛。那么 怎样才能应试好听力部分? 要提高四级听力部分的成绩，首先应了解四级听力的试题形式，2006年开始，大学英语四级听力的试题形式:Section A:简单对话(Conversations)，Section B:短文(Passages)，Section C:听写填空(Spot Dictation)。听力理解部分的目的在于测试考生获取口头信息的能力，选材原则为:SectionA : 对话部分: 日常生活中一般对话，句型结构和内容不太复杂;Section B: 短文部分:材料熟悉，结构不太复杂的故事，讲述或叙述等，所有词汇不超过 大纲》词汇表所规定的四级词汇范围。而Section C:听写填空部分大约120词汇，l 0个左右空格，全文以大学英语教学大纲规定的语速朗读三遍。这个部分所用短文的题材、体裁、难度与原听力理Section B部分的篇章相同，其主要目的在于考核考生听和记的能力。接下来通过分析大学英语四级听力每个部分的问题类型，我们具体谈论一下各个部分的应试技巧。 1 对话式昕力(Sectiol3 A)有两种类型 第一种类型中每组对话一般是在一男女之间进行的一问一答， 问题一般由先讲话的人提出，题目均以问题形式出现，其中多数的特殊疑问句。这些问题涉及的内容大致归纳如下: (1):问“是什么、要什么、讨论什么、什么种类” (2):问“做什么” (3):问“什么含义” (4):问“从对话中能获得什么信息或结论” (5):问“对某人某事有什么看法” (6):问“讲话的两人是什么关系” 第二种类型中有两个较长的对话，每个对话后设有2—4个问题，提出的问题主要问“对话可能是在? ?场所发生的” 等。如:W here does this conversation?这部分听力相对比较简单，考生从所给出的选项就可以推测出很多题在问什么，知道在对话中重点应该听什么， 什么是关键词， 从而选出正确的选项。 2 短文式听力(SeCti 0n B)提问方式最常见的4种类型答题技巧 2(1中心思想题: 这类问题主要是测试文章的主要思想。提问方式一般为:W hat is the passage mainly about?W hat can w e learn from this passage? What is the main:idea of the passage?等等。集中精力听好短文开头， 因为四级听力短文一般会开门见山，把中心思想置于文章的开头。 2 2事实细节题 考察细节包括具体时间、地点、主要人物、事件、各类数字等， 问题一般为:wh—questiuon形式。这种题型要求考生听到文中出现时间、数字时一定要特别敏感，及时做好笔记;文中一旦出现以因果连词(如:because，so，due to等)和转折连词(如but，however，though等) 引导的句子，也要格外留心，这些地方往往就是考点。 2 3对错判断题 攻口:Which of the following is true,not tree，according to the passage? Which of the following is not mentioned?等等。这种题型一定要听清提问， 对于有没有not一词要弄清楚，一般情况下，not一词会重读。 2(4推理推测题 这类题型需对文中信息进行分析推断，才能作出正确的选择。提问方式有:W hat can we infer from the passage? What does the speaker most concerned about? W hat does the speaker think about the problem?等等。 3 听写填空式听力(SeCti on C)的应试技巧 3 ( 1理解好题意，做到心中有数 在听写考试中，我们发现不少考生由于过度紧张而忽视了题意，导致本应该得到的分从手中错过。今年Dictation考试中 从one to seven应填single word;从eight to ten则要求use your words to finish the sentence，有的考生在做第8,1 0个填空时，由于没弄懂题意， 只想着全部听写下来，结果感到速度太快，记不下来，听写部分意思虽然理解了，也没用自己的话来表达， 白白地丢掉了好几分。 、2抢看短文，预测听写内容 3 听写的短文一般在1O0 200词左右，共重复三遍，考生可利用听正文前的空隙，略看一下短文，做到“有的放矢”。去年6月份大学英语四级考试中的听写文章， 考生只要扫一眼便会知道是一篇关于学生压力与父母关系的问题，这样就不会措手不及，心慌意乱，影响正常水平的发挥了。 3 3使用速记方法，从文中找出答案 学生们在听写时，往往记下了听写的第一个词，而后面的则匆匆而过，来不及填写，针对这一问题，我认为考试中应采用速记方法， 迅速记下每个听到的单词，听到的内容，不让每个单词漏网。此外，学生还出现另一种现象， 就是听懂了词意，不会写单词。这种情况。考生可从上下文找找，看是否有帮助指示的地方。 4 结语 四级考试中考生除要了解相关应试技巧，还应调整好自己的心态，学会精神放松。对考生来说，应尽力:(1)排除杂念，注意力集中，不要总是想“听不懂怎么办?”(2)力争主动，带着问题听。(3)沉着应战。 2011大学英语四级听力技巧漫谈 2011大学英语四级听力技巧漫谈(1) 四级听力短对话只考日常生活学习中遇得到事情，问题，故如果选项中出现一些日常生活中不太可能发生或很少发生的事情一般不会是正确选项，一般思路如下: 短对话部分 短对话听力的一些原则 1. 推理原则:一般需对对话进行推理，故直接在对话中听到的一般不是正确答案。 2. 挫折原则:通常要办的事情都是不顺利的(如买东西买不到，订房间客满等) 3. 男女原则:一般男生比较衰，女生比较牛。男生提出的观点女生都是不同意或有不同看法的，反之女生提出的观点男生都是同意和赞赏的。 男生的特征:脏、乱、差、浪费、穷、小气、不良习惯、迟钝、不顾家 女生的特征:爱干净、节约、富有、好学、能干、聪明、大度、耐心、恋家、除数理化外成绩都很好 4. 父母一般只有一个作用教育子女好好学习 5. 除了父母教育子女外，家里(包括朋友家，阿姨家等等)发生的事情一般是不考的，故遇到地点推测题类似 at home / at Mary’s home之类的选项一般都是不对的。 6. 四级听力短对话只考日常生活学习中遇得到事情，问题，故如果选项中出现一些日常生活中不太可能发生或很少发生的事情一般不会是正确选项 短对话十大场景及一般思路 1. 借车:车一般是借不到的 2. 吃:匹萨，海鲜吃了一般会有不适反应，―派‖一般比较好吃 3. 考试:作业、论文一般比较难，或须要熬夜 教授一般比较严厉 选修课较难较多 4. 坐车(飞机、轮船):一般都需要等 5. 事故(灾难):光明原则，一般不会死人 6. 听讲座:题目一般是比较有趣丰富的，内容一般是比较复杂难懂的 7. 论文:一般需要修改(polish)或重写(rewrite) 8. 休闲:男生一般喜欢待在家里看TV或者看moive，女生一般喜欢高雅艺术如 theater 9. 医院:需要预约make an appointment 10买票:基本上是买不到的 短对话的常见场景 1.学校场景 课程分类 Optional course 选修课 Required course 必修课 Day course 白天的课 Evening course 晚上的课 经常出现的科目或专业 Chinese 中文 English 英语 mathematic 数学 history 历史 chemistry 化学 Literature 文学 考试 Final exam 期终考试 middle exam 期中考试 make up 补考 test测验 pop test 事先没有说好的测验 quiz 测验 oral test 口试 考试临近 draw on / in sight of / draw nearly 考试延期或取消 delay / be off / defer / hold up / postpone / put off / suspend 学校分类 public school 公立学校 private school 私立学校 religious school 教会学校 学校中的人 president 校长 dean 院长 professor 教授 lecturer 讲师 coordinator 管理员 doctor 博士 master 硕士 bachelor 学士 freshman 大一新生 sophomore 大二学生 junior 大三学生 senior 大四学生 图书馆 借书 lend / borrow / check out 参考书 reference book 续借 renew 过期 overdue 还书 return 罚金 fine attend / have a lecture 上课 cut a class 逃课 miss a class 错过了课 scholarship 荣誉奖学金 assistantship 助教奖学金 teaching assistant 助教 research assistant 助研 semester 学期 2.交通运输场景 fare 车票 licence 驾照 rush hours 高峰时间 traffic jam 交通堵塞 overtake 超车 one way street 单行道 over speed 超速 police officer 交警 ticket 罚单 fine 罚金 fast way / express way / high way 高速公路 motor way 机动车道 super way 飞机机动车道 free way 免费高速公路 交通工具(出现频率从高到低) plane / train(女) / bus / bike(女) / walk(女) / taxi (女):女生比较喜欢 tunnel / channel 隧道 ring road 环线 subway(美) / underground (英) 地铁 metro 地道地铁 underpass人行地道 overhead 轻轨 flyover 人行天桥 mag – lev 磁悬浮 take a taxi 乘出租车 call a taxi 招出租车/订出租车 catch a train / bus 赶火车/汽车 2011大学英语四级听力技巧漫谈(2) 3.电话场景 mobile phone 手机 pay phone 公用电话 telephone box/booth 电话亭 yellow page 黄页 dial (拨电话号码) / press (按电话号码) extension 分机 operator 总机 put~through 接通 wrong number / there is no one by this name 电话号码错了/ 没有这个人 is not in 不在?be not in hold on 不要挂断，稍等 take/leave a message 留言 hang up / get off 挂断 credit call 记账式电话 bill the call into the 3rd party 免费电话 collect call 对方付费电话 4.机场场景 plane / craft 飞机 book 订票 timetable 时间表 destination 目的地 open ticket one way ticket 单程票 round trip ticket 来回票 non-stop / direct flight 直航 transfer / lay over / stop over 转机 first / business / economy cabin 头等 / 商务 / 经济 舱 confirm the flight 确认航班 check in 登记 boarding card 登机牌 security check 安检 see off 送行 送别时的祝语 keep in touch 保持联系 safe landing 安全着陆 board 登机 take off 起飞 departure 离港 safety / sect belt 安全带 land 着陆 arrival 进港 pick up 接机 5.公司场景 job vacancy 有空缺职位 letter of application 求职信 resume 简历 resume包括几部分 basic / personal info. 基本信息/个人 academic background 教育背景 work experience 工作经验 certificates and honours interview 面试 offer 聘用信 work experience 工作经验 work overtime 加班 ask for a raise 加钱 wage 周薪 salary 日薪 bonus奖金 allowance 津贴 annual income 年收入 promotion 升职 fire 解雇 resign 辞职 retire 退休 laid-off 下岗 work / job / career / course 工作 post / position / vocation / title 职务 假期休息的说法(依次是从大到小) holiday 假日，假期 vacation 休假 annual leave 年假 sick leave 病假 rest 休息 break 指喝杯茶、喝杯咖啡的休息 coffee break away 离开一会 公司职位从大到小 chairman of the board president -- general manager—manager – department manager—head – officer – specialist(专员) -- clerk 6.租房场景 live on campus 住校 live off campus 住校外 for sale 可销售的房子 for rent / lease 可出租的房子 to let 同上 rent 租金 utilities 公用事业费 location 位置 suburb / downtown 市郊 / 市中心 condition 住房条件 furnished 配家具 unfurnished 无装修 leaking 漏水 blackout 断电 environment 环境 transportation 交通 land lord 房东 land lady 房东太太 tenant 房客 roommate 室友 好的室友:neat 整洁的 considerate 体贴的，细心的 不好的室友:messy / untidy 脏乱的 noisy 吵闹的 2011大学英语四级听力技巧漫谈(3) 7.医院场景 see a doctor 去医院看医生 send for a doctor 让医生出诊 health center / clinic 卫生所 / 门诊部 physician 内科医生 surgeon 外科医生 dentist 牙医 make an appointment 预约 emergency 急诊 check up / exam 检查 cold(感冒)—— flu (流感) —— headache (头痛)—— sore throat(嗓子痛)—— fever(发烧)—— toothache(牙疼) —— stomachache (胃疼) prescribe 开药方 pill / tablet 药片 liquid 喝药水 injection => shot 注射 operation 手术 medical result 诊断结果 8.宾馆场景 make a reservation 预订房间 confirm a reservation 确认预订 cancel a reservation 取消预订 fully booked / full up / full 客满 porter 行旅员 tips 小费 reception 前台 check in 登记入住 single room 单人房 double room 一张大床的双人房 twin room 两张单人床的双人房 suite 套房 bathroom toilet / w.c closet restroom 厕所 room service 客房服务 (四级听力中的客房服务一般只有考一种——送餐) lounge 男士用休息区 lobby 大堂 business center 商务中心 salon 美容厅 ball 舞厅 bar 酒吧 night club 夜总会 check out 退房 9.邮局场景 post / send / mail 寄 letter / mail 信 registered mail 挂号信 regular mail 平信 airmail 航空信 parcel / package 包裹 telegram / cable 电报 rate 费率 overweight 超重 postage 邮资 email 电子邮件 reply 回复 forward 转发 cc(carbon copy) 抄送 bcc(blind carbon copy)秘密抄送 subject 主题 attach 附件attachment 10.饭店场景 eat out 出去吃 take away 外带 fast food 快餐 book a table 订位子 waiter / waitness 服务员waitress menu 菜单 order 点菜 appetizer 开胃菜 main course 主食 dessert 餐后甜点 bill 账单 service charge 服务费 change 找零 tips 小费 keep the change 不用找零了 2011大学英语四级听力技巧漫谈(4) 11.其他 closed 关门 open 开门 office hours / business hours / working hours 工作时间，营业时间 关于开关 power on / off 开/关 turn on / off 开/关 switch on / off 开/ 关 (这个词只能用于与电有关的开关，不能用于水龙头之类的开关) 干杯 cheers propose a toast to bottom up the best book 最好的书圣经 the best thing 最好的事情选择 the last thing 最不愿意做的事情 the last man 最不愿意见的人 best seller 畅销的东西 sell up 卖完，卖光 售罄 sell out卖完，卖光 售罄 / 出卖朋友或原则 sell off 低价处理库存商品 selling machine 自动售货机 selling point 卖点 count the days 渴望 count on = dependent / rely on depend on count in 把……考虑在内 count for nothing 一钱不值 count for little 无足轻重 count for much 举足轻重 count down 倒计时 count up 相加 count up to 共计 关于旅行 travel journey 陆上长途旅行 trip 陆上短途旅行 outing 远足 stroll 散步 wander 徘徊 picnic 野餐 camping 野营 tour 周游 cruise 水上短途旅行 voyage 水上长途旅行 关于死亡的说法 没有感情色彩的:die / end up / meat one’s death / decease 褒义的: pass away 贬义的:kick the bucket 关于和别人相处的好的说法 get on with = get along (well) with be in good term with live in peace with 关于强调 point out emphasize lay / put emphasis on give emphasis to 达成找到出路 find a way out reach an agreement reach a consensus 关于“得失” gains and losses give and take 关于拜访 drop in / at / over / by stop in / over / by call on sb call at / round sw look in / up pay a visit to pay / make a call to 关于碰见，偶遇 come across run into bump into happen to meet 关于花钱、花费的词 Take Spend Cost Charge Pay Buy 关于水 water running / tap ~ 自来水 fresh ~ 活水 still ~ 死水 pure ~ 纯净水 purified ~ 净化水 mineral ~ 矿泉水 be used to do 被用于 be used to dong 习惯于 get used to doing 渐渐习惯于 used to do 过去常常 单复数意思不太一样的词 ruin 毁灭 ruins 废墟 authority 权威 authorities 当局 brain 头脑 brains 智力，智慧 custom 风俗习惯 customs 海关 damage 破坏，损坏 damages 赔偿费 ground 地面 土地 grounds 院子，监狱 manner 礼貌 方式 manners 外貌 minute 分钟 minutes 会议 paper 纸张 papers 试卷 time 时间 times 时代 关于“调查” research survey 市场调查 opinion poll 名义调查民意调查 questionnaire 问卷调查 investigation 很正式的调查 interview 会见，访谈 belong to 属于 participate in 参加 be engaged in 从事、参加 be involved in 卷入 消磨时间 kill time pass time count one’s thumbs 用完、缺少 run out of be short of be lack in lack of / in a little 一点 not a little 很多 a bit 一点 not a bit 一点也没有 2011大学英语四级听力技巧漫谈(5) 短对话中常用单词和句型 1.表示期待、希望、渴望做某事的说法 expect / hope / wish be eager / anxious /dying to look for ward to wait / yean / thirst / long for can not wait counting the days 2.下列词语与“but”一样含有转折的的意思 actually well really in fact as a matter of fact to tell you the truth 3.表示建议的句型 how about…… 做……如何 I heard about…… 我听说…… If I were you …… 如果我是你…… It seems to me that…… 在我看来似乎…… Let’s …… shall we ? 让我们……怎么样? Let us …… will you ? 让我们……怎么样? Shall I / we …… What about …… 做……如何 Why don’t you …… 你为什么不…… Why not + 动词原型 为什么不…… Would you like …… 你要……吗? Wouldn’t …… be better / wiser 做……不是更好吗? 4.表示同意、附和的句型 I agree with you Exactly I couldn’t agree with you more / better I think so I can’t wait any minute Believe it or not I will …… if 假如……我就会 It’s my turn 轮到我了 我请客 Why not ? You are right I guess so 我猜也是 No problem 没问题 Of cause Out of question 毫无疑问 So do I / me too 我也是 Sure / absolutely / beautiful 当然，很好 Good idea That sounds really nice 听起来真不错 5.表示询问的句型 Any questions / any thing wrong 有什么问题吗? Can you give me some ideas 可以给我一些建议吗? Do you know …… Do you want to…… Do you find any wrong with 你觉得……有什么不对劲吗? How long will it take 做什么要花多久 I am thinking of …… 我正在考虑做…… I suppose think …… 我猜想…… What’s your plane plan 你的是什么? What happens if …… 如果……怎么办? What shall we do 我们该怎么做? 6.表示否定的句型 Actually / as a matter of fact 事实上…… How can you do sth 你怎么可以…… I can’t afford any disturbance 不要再烦我 I couldn’t agree with you I didn’t men to 我本不打算 I don’t think so It doesn’t matter 无所谓 I wish …… 但愿…… I’d like to but 我很愿意但是…… I’d love to but I just can’t bear I am afraid not I am sorry but …… is not everything ……不是关键 no bother / why bother 不要麻烦 no , thanks really That’s his opinion To tell you the truth Well , as far as I know 7.表示“不得不” have to 表示客观上不得不做某事 must 主观上的必须做某事 be bound to cannot but have no choice but 8.表示“迟到” behind time be delayed / overdue behind schedule be late 9.表示“紧张” tremble shake all over get one’s tongue tied have one’s mind go blank nervous 10.以下词组听到后意思取反 mean to 想要…… planned to 原计划…… intended to 原打算…… tended to used to 过去常常…… 11.以下句型要引起重视，重点听取，就算本身不是考点也一定直接引向考点 反意疑问句 ( ……，didn’t you ?) 反问句 倒装句 助动词 do / did / does it is …… that / who / when…… 的句型 2011大学英语四级听力技巧漫谈(6) 正确答案的特征 1. 含义肯定的不是正确选项，模糊的是正确选项 意思具体的不是正确选项，概括的是正确选项 意思详细的不是正确选项，抽象的是正确选项 意思肤浅的不是正确选项，深刻的是正确选项 2. 含有一下单词的一般是正确选项 neither / either / also / besides / almost / especially / possibly / probably / likely perhaps / might / may / maybe / could /can / all / none 3. 含有以下三种结构的一般可能是正确选项 系表结构(系动词+标语表语) 比较结构(……than……) 复合句 4. 含有四级词汇替换项的一般是正确选项 5. 表示“同意或不同意”，“喜欢或不喜欢”，“应该或不应该的”的一般为正确选项 6. 以下三种选项一般其中有一个可能是正确选项 反意项 形似项 近似项 7. 同意项不可能是正确选项，等例排除。等立排除 8. 绝对化选项，一般不是正确答案，可直接排除 关于时间推断题 1. 直接听到的不选 2. 极限值即值最大和最小的选项一般不选 关于数字计算题 1. 灾难题(如飞机失事、交通事故):一般选总和 2. 号码题 double 表示两个，double two =22 triple 表示三个，triple two = 222 凡是遇到一时反映不过来或听不懂的数字一般为―0‖ 3. 价格计算题 打折题discount discount of 10% 表示打9折 此类题目一般选第二大的数字(最大的一般是原价，第二大的一般就是打完折的) 单价题 one / each 此类题目较难也很少考，一般在有倍数关系的一对数字中选小的那个 2011大学英语四级听力技巧漫谈(7) 语段题部分 语段题概述 从文章题材来分:三分之二考说明文，三分之一考记叙文，偶尔也考议论文，新闻报道 从文章内容来分:二分之一考社科类，三分之一考故事，其他还考自然科学，人物传记 语段题常考的八种文章 1. 学校题材(剑桥大学等) 重点:学校的地理位置，资金来源，校园环境，师生情况，课程情况，图书馆，课外活动，学校特色 2. 机构介绍(监狱，图书馆等) 重点:地点，规模，，专业 3. 社会热点 重点:轰动效应，背景(产生的原因)，大众观点，作者态度 4. 灾难题(毒品，车祸等) 重点:问题类型，起因，危害，解决方法(尤其是科学家、研究人员提出的事实、观点、方法、结论) 5. 新闻题 重点:when where who why which(what) how 6. 人物题 重点:生卒年月、出生地、成就(贡献)、坎坷遭遇、结局 7. 科普题(太阳风等) 重点:物体特征、形成原因、分类、最新研究发现和初步结论 8. 故事 重点:主人公遭遇、变故、主人公做的决定、原因、结局 语段题10大解题原则 1. 听即原则:所听即所得，听到什么就选什么(正好与短对话相反，短对话时听到的一般不选) 2. 重读原则:某单词被反复读到或是在语音上加以重读，因引起重视如果选项中出现很可能是正确答案 3. 顺序原则:出题顺序一般与行文顺序相同除了主题题和部分说明文 4. 主题原则:主题一般出现在段落的头尾部分，所以要集中精力听清前三句话和最后两句话 5. 原因原则:凡出现表示原因，目的的很有可能是考点如:because so as 等词前后要着重听 6. 转则原则:凡出现表示转则的词如:but however yet 等，后面的句子往往是考点，要引起重视 7. 光明原则:事情一般都是向着好的方面发展的，主人公多数是大难不死的，事情总是逢凶化吉，绝处逢生的 8. 男女原则:同短对话 9. 穷学生原则:学生一般都是比较穷的，不能继续学业一般都是因为经济原因，因为穷一般还比较喜欢DIY一些东西 10.偏怪小原则:一般故事总是稀奇古怪的，经过总是曲折离奇的，结局总是出人意料的。宗旨就是意料之外、情理之中 2011大学英语四级听力技巧漫谈(8) 语段题的做提步骤 1. 先预读备选项，从备选项推测文章的体裁和大致内容 2. 更据十大原则和该类文章的重点大致推测考点可能出现的位置 3. 听语段，尤其抓住标志词，确定考点 4. 听问题，将原文的意思对应选项。确定考点后用原文对应选项 对应选项一般有四种情况按难度依次为 原词复现:选项中的用词和原文完全一样 同义复现:选项中用一个同义词或词组替换原文中的词 近义复现:选项与原文意思相近，但换了一种表达方式 反意复现:选项与原文表达正好相反，但意思是一样的如:原文说如果怎样就会怎样，选项说如果不怎么样就会如何。 十大类标志词 据研究有90%以上的考点都是由标志词引导活提示的，因此在语段听力中听到下列标志词时要引起高度的重视，集中注意力听清标志词前后的句子。 1. 最高级标志词 形容词、副词最高级、most / chief / primary / main / leading / …… 2. 唯一级标志词 only / unique / prefer / every / one / of all / perfect / …… 3. 因果项标志词 cause / lead to / contribute to / thanks to / owing to / question / answer / why / reason / 其他形式的问句 / …… 4. 转则项关键词 despite / in spite of / instead / while / from ~ to ~ / although ~ (yet)~ / not only ~ but also ~ / …… 5. 序数项标志词 所有的序数词(first , second)/ another / the other / next / last / in addition / on the other hand / …… 6. 时间项标志词 when / how / today / as / before / after / since / then / until / …… 7. 解释项标志词 or / namely / in other words / that is / that is to say / …… 8. 目的项标志词 to / for / …… 9. 总结项标志词 all in all / in brief / to conclude / at last / in summary / in short / …… 10.强调项标志词 副词:especially / particularly / almost / always / usually / …… 动词:show / remember / note / notice / say / pronounce / …… 2011大学英语四级听力技巧漫谈(9) 说明文的特点及解题技巧 说明文的选项特征 1. 选项简洁概括、不完整句子居多，最多有一至二题细节体 2. 选项往往比较抽象，一般以 it / they / man / woman /等抽象名词做主语 3. 选项往往表达因果、目的、手段的小词 如:because / by / to 4. 选项具备科学性、客观性的特点，但选项之间缺乏逻辑关系 说明文的文章特点 1. 文章紧紧围绕一个事物或事件进行描述，深入浅出，要求知其所以然 2. 文章紧扣一个中心事物，着重描写一个熟悉事物的与众不同处 3. 语言平实、简洁、明白，有时会用以下修辞方法:分类法、举例子、做比较、列数字 4. 层次结构清楚，多为总分结构 5. 开篇引题，重点不分明。但以设问开头的说明文除外。 标志词常出现的位置 1. 在每个层次的启承处 判断个层次的启承主要有两种方法一种是听序数项标志词如:on the other hand / another / second等等;第二种是听―气‖即语速，语音，语调有所变化的地方。 2. 段落开头、结尾处，前三后二 科技类说明文 重点注意三个―age‖即 advantage 优势 disadvantage 劣势 usage 用途 环境类说明文 重点在于产生环境问题的原因及解决方法 实验类说明文 重点在于: 实验目的、实验手段、实验结果 演讲类说明文 重点在于: 演讲主题、说话人的观点、文章走向 应该重视的原则 听即原则 主题原则 层次原则 原因原则 转折原则 求异原则 注意事物的与众不同处 替换原则 数字，年代等一般需要重新定位 记叙文的特点及解题技巧 记叙文的内容一般为记叙人物经历，故事、事物发展过程、游记等 记叙文的选项特征 1. 提供大量细节，选项中经常有时间名、地点名、人物名。 2. 选项基本是完整的句子主语常为he / she / the man / the women 3. 选项多位叙述性的句子，比一般说明文来的长 4. 选项符合时间顺序，但没有逻辑关系 记叙文的文章特点 1. 人物简单，事实清楚，中心明确 2. 故事情节相对完整 3. 故事本身无主题无重点 4. 写作方法一般有顺叙和倒叙两种，以顺叙为主倒叙为辅 5. 叙述顺序一般有两种:时间顺序和事务发展顺序 记叙文可能出现的考点 1. 考主题 前三句后两句 2. 考原因 3. 考转折 4. 靠顺序，时间顺序，事物发展顺序 5. 考对话，可在选项旁边适当做笔记如:a选项是tom说的那就在a旁边写个t，反 之如果选项是人名，那么就在每个人名边上写下这人说的话中最关键的一词 记叙文解题应该重视的原则 1. 听即原则，尤其重视重读、重读现象 2. 主题原则，段首往往是考点 3. 特别重视三类标志词:因果 转折 时间 4. 光明原则:事情一般都是逢凶化吉的 5. 偏怪小原则:事情结局一般总是出人意料的，如果没听清楚切忌按常理推断，要猜 也要猜最偏最怪的那个 2011大学英语四级听力技巧漫谈(10) 新闻稿类型文章的特点及解题思路 新闻稿的选项特点 1. 选项具有时效性 2. 选项具有灾难性 新闻稿的文章特点 1. 文章叙事的结构有两种:金字塔型和倒金字塔型。四级听力语段一般为金字塔型，即最重要的放在最前面，导语引领全文 2. 注重实效性，在原文和选项中都体现出刚发生的感觉，有时还会涉及将来时 3. 内容一般是两大类:天灾，人祸 新闻稿可能出现的考点 1. 考导语即第一句话 2. 靠宾语 即语段中线类似 It is said / reported / pronounces / declared /……/ that …… 这样的句子，那么―that‖后面的句子是极有可能是考点。 3. 考查四方面的信息:时间、地点、人物、数字 4. 考转折 5. 考原因 议论文章的特点及解题思 议论文的选项特征 1. 选项多位概括性的句子 2. 选项有表明观点的作用 3. 选项有内在逻辑关系 议论文文章特点 1. 在三大要素中(论点、论证、论据)论点和论据是文章的重点。论点一般在文章开头， 篇尾也会点题 2. 文章通俗易懂，道理浅显，说理的过程叙事化 3. 主题明确，围绕一个论点展开 4. 层次结构清楚，一般为总分总结构。小论点明显，态度鲜明 议论文的常见考点 1. 考论点，中心论点和分论点都是必考的 2. 考问答，文章中出现设问及其回答都是很重要的 3. 考观点:如think……，suppose …… 4. 标志词 (最高级标志词，唯一级标志词，原因项标志词，转折项标志词) 复合式听写部分 复合式听写答题顺序及技巧 听之前:pre – listening 1. 对全文进行全局性预览:尤其是第一句(topic)最后一句(conclusion) 2. 观察空格前后的特殊现象，判断词性，单复数，时态语态 听之时:while - listening 原则:精听，速记，以听为主，以记为辅。 如何速记 1. 省略虚词如:如冠词，助动词等 2. 遇到词组记每个单词首字母如 break down 就记作B D ，但一定要自己看得懂的 3. 长单词记前三个字母 如:experience 就记作 exp 4. 符号记忆 如:more than 就记作‖>‖ less than 记作 ―<‖ equal to 记作 ―=‖等等 5. 混合记忆 就是把上面几种方法混合起来用，还可以夹杂中文字等等 6. 随便记忆 如果实在一时想不出是什么词，就用拼音，音标或者读音相近的词先把他记下来。总之就是不管对错，先把大致读音记下来再说，然后等有时间再慢慢研究。 7. 无论采取何种记录方法最重要的原则是记得自己看得懂，待会能很方便的回想和复原出来。不要记得到时候自己也想不起来是什么东西。 2011大学英语四级听力技巧漫谈(11) 听之后:after – listening 全面检查和补全前面记录下的东西 1. 检查漏词 a 检查漏掉的:介词(in \ on \ at ……)，冠词(a \ an \ the)，代词( it \ this \ that …… ) b 漏词缀:漏掉单词前缀， 漏掉非谓语形式(―ing‖……)，漏掉过去时态(最容易出错的是以下四个短语 decided to / surprised to / learned to / started to) 2. 检查错词 a 长单词容易发生拼写错误，要仔细检查一遍 b 短单词容易和同音异义词混淆 ，检查时要和上下文连起来看看意思是不是对 3. 检查大小写 人名 地名 国家名 时间名(月份什么) 节日名 书名 文件名 商标名 历史事件名 宗教名首字都要大写 句首单词首字母也要大写 4. 检查名词单复数，形容词、副词比较级最高级，动词事态，语态 关于最后三句话的听写注意事项和技巧 这个三句话一般比较难，要全部听出来有一定难度。但无论如何有两点要避免， 1. 把句子写成一个个单词，把没听见的地方位置空出来。这个是绝对不可取的，老师看都不用看肯定扣分。因为这都不是句子嘛! 2. 把句子的内容不断的涂改，搞的卷面非常难看。这个首先给老师的印象就很恶劣，然后如果有一点点错误本来可以扣0.5分，1分什么的，这下就说不定全部扣光了 所以不管对错都要把句子写成貌似像一个句子，要整洁不要涂涂改改，最好还没有语法错误。一般可以有四种做法: 1. 逐字逐句听写(适合比较简单的句子或比较牛的同学) 2. 听懂之后写句子大意，无语法错误(适合于比较长的句子) 比较常用的方法是判断这句话表达的是正面的意思还是反面的意思， 正面的意思尝试用 it is good / important 之类的句子改写 反面的意思尝试用 it is bad / harmful 之类的句子改写 3. 前后随便抄一句(反正空着也是空着，就随便写一句咯。:P 因为阅卷老师只有答案没有考卷的啦。 对是肯定不对的但总比空着强) 4. 呵呵，连随便抄抄这种方法也讲了，还剩下什么呢?这个我就不说了，估计大多数人也是不会用地说 :) 反正做复合式听写不管听得如何最重要的就是死也不能空着!!因为阅卷老师一天要改几百份卷子，空着太醒目了一看就是扣分，而且给老师的第一印象就是这个同学水平很差然后说不定就没兴趣看了。单词实在不会拼，千万不要空着，如有一两个字母吃不准可以写的花一点即像这个又像那个。如果完全不会拼就随便按照发音规则拼一个貌似的单词。句子么前面已经说过了一定要写得貌似一个完整的句子。反正错了是理所当然的因为本来就不对，没什么好后悔，but(强转折)万一阅卷的老师眼神不好算你对了，那是就检了便宜了啦。 2011大学英语四级听力技巧漫谈(12) 最后说几点注意事项 1. 切忌拿到考卷就去翻看作文题，因为那样会打乱你正常的思路，或不知不觉开始构思或造成不必要的紧张，而这都势必会严重影响你听力的效果。作文最后有专门整块的时间可以构思和写作，完全没有必要这样迫不及待。 2. 拿到考卷后除了填准考证什么的就因马上把思想集中在听力部分，因为这是考试中唯一只有一次机会的题目。机不可失，失不再来。 3. 预读选项应该从最后一篇文章往前读，因为section b 的 direction 很较短且选项难度也较大，所以很可能会来不及读的。所以尤其是后两篇文章的选项一定要先读，第一篇实在来不及还可以在direction时读。但在预读选项时，耳朵一定要注意听 当听到section a 的 direction 读到中间有个―therefore‖这个单词时(这个单词在那个例子讲完后一点)，无论看到哪里都马上停下来回到section a 读第一题的四个选项。因为―therefore‖这个单词到第一题开始正好是10秒，而后面每一题的间隔也正好是10秒。大家一定要让自己适应在10秒内读完四个选项，要知道如果来不及的话也就意味着后面的题目你统统都来不及，因为后面的10秒还要去除答前面一题的时间呢。 4. 答题的时间一般最长不要超过4秒至少要留6秒时间给下一道题的预读。前6秒答题，后8秒预读下一题选项。超过4秒还选不出答案的要么就随便选，要么就记下点什么待会再选。而且事实证明在4秒钟之内不能选出答案的，就算选了错误的几率也是非常大的。所以千万不要拼命狂想，否则后面的就是多米诺骨牌式的效应了。 5. 考前注意休息，营养均衡，早餐定时定量。 6. 强烈建议考试当天早上不要看什么单词书，也不要听什么听力，也不要背什么作文。因为对于绝大多数的同学而言，到了这时候再看这些已经不会有什么太大的作用反而只会莫名其妙的增加自己紧张和不安的情绪，而这对于考试绝对是不利的。 7. 对于少部分考试慢热型但心理素质又很好的同学早上也可以随便拿一套听得很熟得真题来听听，但就算要听也一定要听平时听得滚瓜烂熟的千万不要找陌生的来听。(不太推荐)这不是我说的。 8. 古人云，不战而屈人之兵，很大程度上取决于心理因素。所以不要给自己任何负面的心理暗示，早上起来大声地告诉自己我这次一定可以过的，我很强的。然后可以听一些轻音乐之类的舒缓自己紧张的情绪。 (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations.