“油改气”的原理

“油改气”的原理 “油改气”的原理 液化石油气(液化石油气简称LPG)主要成分是丙烧(g3h8)和丁烷(g4h10)。在常温常压下LPG为气态，只需稍加压或冷却就能变成液体。由于12?具有较高的辛烷值，因此是一种理想的车用燃料。 双燃料汽车是在保留原车燃油系统情况下，加装一套LPG液化石油气供给系统，在使用过程中根据需要可在汽油和之间自由转换。汽车燃用LPG与燃用汽油时一样，驾驶员只需操纵油门踏板，就能改变发动机的工况，适应汽车行驶性能的。 1液化石油气系统组成及工作原理。 1.1lpg系统主要组成及工作原理 该系统由储气罐、蒸发调压器、汽油电磁阀、LPG电磁阀、功率调节阀、文氏管混合器、燃料转换开关、控制电路等组成，见图1。 当燃料转换开关拨到LPG位置时，汽油电磁阀断电(切断汽油供给)、液化石油气LPG液化石油气电磁阀通电。液体从储气罐出来，经过电磁阀到达蒸发调压器，经过降压、汽化变为接近大气压的气体。液化石油气气体流经功率调节阀到文氏管混合器，在文氏管混合器中与空气充分混合，根据发动机的工况向化油器喉管(只起通道作用)处供应一定量的LPG气体。 1.2储气罐 储气罐安装在车尾部的行李舱内，其作用是储存液化石油气，上面安装了集成阀，用于保证储气罐和整套系统的安全使用集成阀的结构如图2所示。 集成阀各部分的作用如下: 充装单向阀:在充加LPG液化石油气时，的压力克服弹簧力打开单向阀，停止充加时，单向阀在回位弹簧作用下自动关闭，起到防止LPG回流的作用; 限充阀:充加LPG液化石油气时，限充浮子随着液面增加逐渐上浮，当储气罐内LPG达到设定的液面高度(约75% - 80%)时，限充阀关闭，限制LPG液化石油气的膨胀空间继续充装，从而提供了由于温度升高所必需的; 液位传感器:用于感知储气罐内的液面高度，并将液面信号传到驾驶室内的油量; 安全释放阀:当储气罐内压力超过设定的安全极限压力时，安全阀自动打开释放液化石油气，当压力下降到设定的下限压力时，又自动关闭，防止因压力过高而发生安全事故。 超流量截止阀:安装在出液口处，当LPG管道破裂，产生大量泄露(流量超过215ml,s)时，关闭输气通道，只有阀芯中间小孔有3.3ml /的液体流出。 手动关闭阀:紧急情况下，手动关闭从出液口流向输气管道的液体。 1.3汽油电磁阀、LPG电磁阀 在原汽油管路中串入一个汽油电磁阀，在LPG液化石油气电磁阀管路中设置一个，它们的作用是在燃料转换时接通(切断)汽油或液化石油气。 1.4蒸发调动器 蒸发调压器(又称调压器，汽化器)， Its function is that the LPG of the tank will be decompressed and vaporized and supplied to the mixer at a certain pressure. To accelerate evaporation, the engine is heated by circulating cooling water. Evaporation pressure regulator is installed on a starter (idle) solenoid valve, when the ignition is switched on, starting (idle) solenoid valve is turned on, the magnetic force generated by the electromagnetic coil spring tension to overcome the idle idle needle suction from the valve seat, the idle required LPG will enter the engine cylinder. The structure is shown in figure 3. 1.5 power control valve and Venturi mixer The air-fuel ratio regulating valve has the function of regulating the air-fuel ratio of the engine. It regulates fuel flow by changing the fuel channel area with two adjusting screws. The venturi mixer is mounted between the air filter and the carburetor and is lined with holes at the throat to allow the LPG to mix well with the air. 1.6 fuel change-over switch Used for the selection and conversion between two fuels, gasoline and LPG. 1.7 system circuit control system circuit (1) when the switch to the LPG position, switch 6 and 8 terminals connected (green light), D/6 terminal with a pulse signal to the safety switch 6 terminals, safety switch, the 2 and 8 terminals connected, entrance solenoid valve and computer idle valve open, LPG to launch the machine. At the same time, 5 of the switch is connected with the 7 terminal, and the LPG level sensor is electrified, and the signal is transmitted to an oil meter in the cab, and the LPG level in the gas tank is displayed. (2) when the switch is switched to the PET (gasoline) position, the switch 6 is connected with the 4 terminal (the red indicator light is on), the gasoline solenoid valve is switched on, and the automobile is fueled with gasoline. Meanwhile, the change-over switch 5 and 3 are connected, and the oil meter displays the amount of gasoline. (3) when the switch is switched to the middle position, the two fuels are not connected, and the fuel gauge goes back to zero. The use and maintenance of 2.LPG system 2.1 fuel conversion The car is capable of switching fuel during its run, but it is better to switch between the car and the engine when it is running safely. (1) the gasoline is converted to LPG Switch the fuel switch to the middle position, and then gently press the accelerator until the engine is about to stop rotating the switch quickly to the LPG position. Step on the gas pedal again, and then you can switch from gasoline to LPG. If the engine stops, just restart the engine. (2) convert LPG into gasoline Start with a slightly larger throttle (engine speed), and then switch the fuel selector to the FET (gasoline). 2.2 precautions for use and maintenance (L) when the car is fueled by LPG, the manual shutoff valve on the tank should be fully opened, otherwise it will cause insufficient fuel supply; (2) it is strictly forbidden to use manual wrench or other tools to operate the manual shut-off valve on the gas tank. Because the tool is opened or closed, it may cause permanent damage to the valve. This will cause the valve to be extremely difficult to operate in an emergency. (3) the safety release valve has been preset to release automatically under the pressure of 2.50Mpa. It will automatically close when the pressure in the tank is reduced to 1.80Mpa, and shall not be forcibly closed by other means; (4) users should run gasoline at regular intervals (e.g., one week), Run gasoline mileage of at least 10 litres per week to ensure that the gasoline system is in good working order. Close the manual shutoff valve on the gas tank for more than two days; (5) in the use of LPG, if you smell the smell of LPG (because of the smell of LPG added, if you leak, will smell a bad smell of eggs), you should follow the following methods for disposal: A. parked the car by the side of the road and switched off the engine and the electrical equipment on the car; B. close the manual shut-off valve on the gas tank and notify the maintenance personnel for servicing; C. take out the fire extinguisher in case of accident; D. opened the trunk and hood, carefully check the leak site and the reasons, be careful not to use the hand to touch the leakage, to avoid frostbite of skin; If the E. is due to pipeline connection, the pipeline re connected, to be cleared after restarting the engine smell; If F. is equipment problems, will be cleared after the switch to smell gasoline, and then notify the maintenance personnel to repair as soon as possible. (6) when the car is being repaired, the manual shut-off valve on the gas tank shall be closed, and the parking area of the car shall be classified as a fire prevention area so as to avoid accidents; (7) strictly prohibit the use of barbecue gas tanks, gas pipelines, evaporation regulators and other components.