[小学教育]语文作文写不好

专题13定从连词在短文填空中应用【理论回顾】一、定语从句连词引导定语从句的关系词有___________：that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)和___________where,when,why.关系词（关系代词或关系副词）放在先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。也就是说关系词有两个作用：1.引导定语从句。2.代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。关系代词1.That可以指代人也可以指代物(作宾语时that可省略)Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.(作主语)Whoisthemanthatisreadingthebookoverthere?(___________)Thegirl(that)wesayyesterdaywasJim’ssister.(___________)2.Which指代物，在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略)ThesilkwhichisproducedinHangzhousellswell.(作主语)Thesongs（which）LiuDehuasangwereverypopular.(___________)3.Who,whom指代人，在从句中分别作主语和宾语（如果介词放在从句后面，则whom可以省略）TheforeigerwhovisitedourclassyesterdayisfromCanada.(作主语)TheboywhobreakthewindowiscalledRoy.(___________)ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisMrLi.(___________)MrsWhiteisthepersontowhomyoushouldwrite.(___________)4.Whose指人或物的所有格，在从句中作定语Ilikethegirlwhosehairislong.(作定语)关系副词1.先行词是示地点的名词时（country,school,room…），而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当___________，一般用where引导定语从句。也可以用介词＋which的结构。值得注意的是which前介词的选择是根据先行词与介词的搭配关系而定。　　Theroomwhere(=inwhich)heusedtolivehasnowbeenturnedintoamuseum..　　Thedeskwhere(=onwhich)Iputmybagishis.Thisistheschoolwhere(=inwhich)IjoinedtheParty.2.先行词是表示时间的名词（year,month,day,night…），而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当___________，一般用when引导定语从句。也可以用介词＋which的结构。值得注意的是which前介词的选择是根据先行词与介词的搭配关系而定。Thedaywhen（=onwhich）hewasbornwasAug.20,1992Theyearwhen(=inwhich)hediedwas1982.3.先行词为reason时，先行词在定语从句中充当___________，此时用why引导定语从句。whyherefusedisthathewastoobusy.【想一想】关系代词that在哪些情况下不能省略？【练一练】A篇BodyandFoodOurbody,whichhascloserelationswiththefoodthatweeat1ourdailylife,isthemostimportantthingthatweown,soourbody2(need)propertreatmentandpropernourishment(营养).Theoldsaying“Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway”isnotassillyassomepeoplethink.Thebodyneedsfruit3vegetables,suchasapples,pears,banana,carrotsandcabbages,becausetheycontainvitaminC,4isverynecessaryandimportanttousall.It’sclearthatalackofvitaminCcanmakepeopleillandweakeasily.Inordertogetenoughneededvitamins,manypeopletakeextravitaminsinpillform,5(believe)thatthesewillmakethem6(health).Butagooddietismadeupofnourishingfoodandthisgivesallthevitaminsthatweneed.Thebodydoesn’tneedoruseextravitamins,sowhywastemoneyonthem?Nowadaysmanypeoplearetoobusytobotherabouteatingproperly.Theythrowanythingintotheir7(stomach),eatingsomethingcarelesslyand8(hurry).Thelistofillnesses9（cause）ormadeworsebybadeatinghabitsisfrightening.Itishightimeweshouldrealizetheimportanceofhavingagooddiet.Ifnot,itisimpossiblefor10(we)tokeepfitandstrong.1._________2._________3._________4._________5._________6._________7._________8._________9._________10._________B篇FoundedinYan’anin1941,BeijingForeignStudiesUniversity(BFSU)isnowafamousuniversitylocatedintheHaidianDistrictofBeijing,aplacein1thekeyinstitutionsofhigher2(educate)areconcentrated.ExcellenceinforeignlanguageteachinghasallowedBFSU3(enjoy)agoodfameforqualityinteachingandresearchactivities.Theuniversitycampusoccupies4areaof304,553squaremeters,withastudentdormitoryareaof40,000squaremetersandalibraryof9,997squaremeters.TheThirdRingRoadrunsthroughthecenteroftheuniversitycampus,5（make）transportationveryconvenient.Theuniversityis6(wide)knownasBeiwaiinMandarinandBFSUinEnglish.BFSUhasover600highly-qualifiedand7(experience)staffmembers.Eachyearapproximately120teachersandexperts8(employ)frommorethan209(country)toteachatBFSU.BFSUisamemberofProject211,auniversitydevelopmentprogramsupported10theMinistryofEducation.1._________2._________3._________4._________5._________6._________7._________8._________9._________10._________C篇OneSundaymorninginAugustIwenttoalocalmusicfestival.IleftitearlybecauseIhadanappointment__1__(late)thatday.Myfriendswalkedmetothebusstopandwaitedwithme__2__thebusarrived.Igotonthebusandfoundaseatneartheback,andthenInoticedaman__3__(sit)atthefront.He__4__(pretend)thatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.Hemustbe__5__(mental)disabled.Behindhimwereotherpeopleto__6___hewastryingtotalk,butaftersomeminutes__7__walkedawayandsatnearme,lookingannoyed.Ididn’twanttobelaughedatfortalkingtohimbutIdidn’tlikeleavinghim__8__hisowneither.AfterawhileIrosefrommyseatandwalkedtothefrontofthebus.Isatnexttothemanandintroducedmyself.Wehad___9___amazingconversation.HegotoffthebusbeforemeandIfeltveryhappytherestofthewayhome.I’mgladImadethechoice.Itmade___10___ofusfeelgood.1._________2._________3._________4._________5._________6._________7._________8._________9._________10._________【乐一乐】MidwayTactics　　Threecompetingstoreownersrentedadjoiningshopsinamall.Observerswaitedformayhemtoensue.　　Theretailerontherightputuphugesignssaying,"GiganticSale!"and"SuperBargains!"　　Thestoreontheleftraisedbiggersignsproclaiming,"PricesSlashed!"and"FantasticDiscounts!"　　Theownerinthemiddlethenpreparedalargesignthatsimplystated,"ENTRANCE".　　三个互相争生意的商店老板在一条商业街上租用了毗邻的店铺。旁观者等着瞧好戏。　　右边的零售商挂起了巨大的招牌，上：“大减价!”“特便宜!”　　左边的商店挂出了更大的招牌，声称：“大砍价!”“大折扣!”　　中间的商人随后准备了一个大招牌，上面只简单地写着：“入口处”。