特洛依战争

特洛依战争 Unit Five: The Trojan War 特洛依戰爭 1. war n. [C][U] 戰爭 (相反詞: peace ) ?Millions of people died in World War I, which began in 1914. ? These nations have been at war (處於戰爭狀態)for 5 years, and there was no sign of peace. ?We hope that we won't go to war(開戰) or else there will be another depression. (向…)宣戰: declare war ( on ) 內戰: civil war 核戰: nuclear war 2. contest n. [C] 競賽,比賽,競爭 益智競賽:a quiz contest ?My sister entered a poetry contest. To my surprise, she took first place! , ? A bitter contest (激烈的競爭) developed between Frank and Tina for the presidency. , contest vt. 爭奪,角逐 ?The soldiers were contesting the harbor with the enemy. , contestant n. [C] 競賽者,角逐者,參賽者 ?Any contestant who broke the rules won’t be allowed to continue with the contest. , 3. fight ((pt.) fought , (p.p.) fought , fighting) 擊退:fight off 反擊:fight back (1) vi. 爭吵,爭論;打架,戰鬥 ?The children yelled at each other angrily as they fought over/ about which TV show to watch. , (2) vt. 與…戰鬥、奮戰;進行(戰鬥等) ?Ray and Will fought each other. One of them even got a bloody nose. , ?The soldiers were ready to fight to the death / finish and would never surrender. (那些士兵準備好戰到最後,且決不投降。) ?Anyone who is attacked should know how to fight back. , fight n. [C] 爭吵;打鬥,戰鬥 ?Rick shouted insults at the man whom he had a fight with . ( 4. prince n. [C] 王子 princess n. [C] 公主 Prince Charming n. [C]白馬王子 ?The eldest prince became the next king after the death of his father. , 5. beauty n. [U] 美,美麗;美人 ?Maria is such a beauty that the boys in her class just can’t stop looking at her. , ?Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.【諺】 情人眼裡出西施 。 ?Beauty is but skin-deep. 【諺】 美麗是膚淺的 。 ?A beauty contest (選美比賽) will let you see not only beauty but ugliness. ?Many women like to go to a beauty salon (美容院) once in a while. 6. marry (1) vt. 與…結婚,嫁,娶 (2) vi. 結婚 再婚:marry again ?Kimberly married the man of her dreams and built a happy family with him. , married adj. 已婚的 (反義詞: single ) ?Eve has been married to Ross for six years. They now have two children. , marriage n. [C][U] 結婚,婚姻 ?Judy is related to me by marriage. (姻親) 7. warn vt. 警告,提醒 ?Sam quit smoking because the doctor had warned him about it. , warning (1) n. [C] 警告,提醒 ?. Dr. Su gave me a warning against failing to take medicine on time. ? The researchers issued a warning that fish in that area were contaminated. (2) n. [C] 徵兆,預兆 ? It started raining without any warning. ( warning adj. 警告的,警示的 ? A warning light is always turned on to warn people of the pit on this road. 8. destroy vt. 毀滅,消滅 ?The atom bomb destroyed half the island. ?The house had been destroyed, and living in it would not be possible. , destruction n. [U] 毀滅,消滅 ?The war resulted in the destruction of the city. It was burned to the ground . ?Doing things carelessly would bring down destruction upon yourself.(自取滅亡) , destructive adj. 破壞的,招致毀滅的 ?Natural destructive powers are unpredictable, like earthquakes. 9. reject vt. 拒絕 (反義詞:accept) sym: refuse; decline ?Danny rejected my suggestion/a job offer. , rejection n. [U][C] 拒絕(提議、請求等) ?Tim hasn’t asked Liz to marry him because he is afraid of rejection. ?If you have her recommendation, you wouldn’t receive rejection from any company. 10. sail vi. (船)航行 ? The fishermen sailed across the sea to work far away fro their own country. ?The boat sailed down / along the river. (沿著河的下游行駛) , sailor n. [C] 水手;船員 ?The sailors were eager to go home because life at sea was never easy. 11. declare (1) vt.; vi. 宣告,宣言,宣布 ?Judy reached the finish line first and was declared the winner of the race. (2) vt. 明,斷言 ?Ted declared himself innocent. ? Ted declared that he was innocent. (3) vt. 申報 ?(海關用語) 請問您有什麼東西要申報的嗎, Do you have anything to declare? declaration , (1) n. [C][U] 宣告,宣言,宣布 ? Making a declaration of war is seldom seen in recent days. (美國)獨立宣言: Declaration of Independence (2) n. [C] 申報 所得(稅)申報:a declaration of income ? At the Customs, you must make a declaration of what you bought abroad. 12. hero n. [C] 英雄,勇士 (女英雄: heroine ) ? With great power and courage, Odysseus was the hero that led the Greek army to their final victory. ( ? War heroes are respected during war; yet, afterwards, they are mostly forgotten. 13. agreement (1) n. [C] 協議,協定 ? Mrs. Larson didn’t take the job because she failed to come to / make / reach an agreement with the manager on the pay. (與…在…上達成協議) (2) n. [U] (意見)一致 ?Your viewpoint is not in agreement with mine. (意見一致) 14. army n. [C] 軍隊,陸軍 ?Every male in Taiwan is obliged to enter/_join_/_go_ _into__ the army as soon as he is 20 years old. 15. heel n. [C] 腳後跟;(鞋子等的)後跟 高跟鞋 high-heeled shoes 緊隨著某人: at one's heels 拔腿逃跑: take to one's heels 使某人就範: bring sb. to heel ?My left heel hurts because a dog bit me from behind yesterday. 16. harm vt. 傷害,損害,危害 ? To our relief, no one was harmed in the car crash. ?Chemicals like detergent may harm our environment. , harm n. [U] 傷害,損害 ?The dog bites sometimes. To keep our children from harm, we have to give it away. ?Keep children out of harm’s way .(處於安全之處) ?Excessive exercise can often do more good than harm . (利多於弊) There is no harm in V-ing.... = It does no harm to V.... (做…無妨) ? 問問人無妨。 There is no harm (in) asking. , harmful adj. 有害的 (反義詞: harmless ) You must stop drinking like a fish every day. It’s harmful to your health. (對...有害) 17. brave adj. 勇敢的 (反義詞:cowardly) ?Lucy put on a brave face and said she was alright when her husband left. (強顏歡笑) , bravery n. [U] 勇敢 (同義詞: courage 反義詞: cowardice ) ?The soldier received a medal for bravery.18. battle n. [C] 戰役,戰鬥;爭鬥 (指特定地區、時間進行的個別戰役) ?The Battle of Gettysburg marked the turning point of the American Civil War. ?In a battle to attract shoppers, the stores started their Christmas sales early. ( ( battle vi.; vt. 搏鬥,奮鬥 ?The sailors battled against giant waves to save themselves and the ship. ( ?Firefighters were battling the flames. 19. wisdom n. [U] 智慧 ?經驗是智慧之母。 Experience is the mother of wisdom . ?As a man _of_ great wisdom, Mr. Wu always knows what is best for his family. , wise adj. 明智的,聰明的 ?It is wise _of_ you to always think twice before you make a decision. ?I quickly got wise to John and his lies.(了解,知道) 20. prayer n. [C][U] 祈禱(文) ?The children _said_ their prayers for their mother, hoping God would help her recover from the illness. , pray vi.; vt. 祈禱,禱告 ?I prayed to God for help. 21. complete vt. 完成,做完;使完整無缺 ?The ship was completed in 1950. It can still sail across the ocean now. , complete adj. 完成的;完整的;完全的 ?The book is not complete yet. The writer hasn’t finished it. ?It was a complete surprise for me to meet him in London. , completion n. [U] 完成 ?We will pay you the money on completion of the work. 22. peace n. [U] 和平;治安,秩序;平靜 ?The people were tired _of_ wars; they wanted peace and prosperity. (_繁榮_) ?The area is at peace . (處於和平狀態) ?We need the police to keep the peace.(維持治安) ?Leave him in peace. (平靜、不受干擾) ? Leave him alone. 愛好和平的: peace-loving 和平談判:peace talks 調停者,和事佬: peace-maker 與某人講和: make peace with sb. , peaceful adj. 和平的 和平手段:peaceful means ?To stop the war, the two countries had to reach a peaceful agreement first. 23. attack (1) n. [C][U] 攻擊,襲擊 ?The army made a sudden/surprise attack on the city/the enemy. ?They were / came under attack from the enemy fighter planes. (遇襲) ?Israel is prepared to make / launch / mount /carry out an attack on the nuclear sites in Iran. (對…發動攻擊) c.f. _resist_/repel the attack (抵抗攻擊) (2) n. [C] 發病,發作 ?The old man died of a heart attack. , attack (1) vt. 攻擊,襲擊 ?I was attacked by the robbers in the dark. (2) vt. (用言語)攻擊,攻訐 ?The mayor was attacked by the press for lying to the citizens. (3) vt. (疾病等)侵襲 ?The boy was attacked by a high fever. Idioms and Phrases 1. except for 除了…之外 ?The street is very quiet except for the sound of the falling rain. ?They invited everyone except/apart from Lisa. c.f. Besides Lisa, they also invited Linda and Julia. 2. bring…down 擊垮 ?The warrior shot an arrow into the evil giant’s heart and brought him down. ?The government is trying to bring down the unemployment rate. (降低) ?Two enemy fighters had been brought down. (擊落) 3. be unable to 不能,無法 (同義詞:cannot) ?The man has never gone to school, so he is unable to read and write. ?Unable to fall asleep, I listened to some soft music. 4. take(...)over 佔領,接收 ?After the bloody battle, the town was taken over by the army. ?Could you please take over the painting while I walk the dog? (接手) ?When Mr. Geller retired, his son took over his company. (接管) 5. turn to... 求助於 ?To deal with the challenges at school, Dennis turned to his father for advice. ?I don't know who to turn to. ?Please turn to page 18. (翻到) 6. not a single... 一個…也沒有 ?Not a single person in the theater liked the play. Everyone hated it. , ? I didn't get a single reply from my brother. 7. fall asleep 睡著 ? Listening to the soothing music, the baby slowly fell asleep. , asleep adj. 睡著的 (反義詞:awake) v.s. sleepy adj. 想睡的,昏昏欲睡的 ?The baby was fast/sound asleep. (酣睡) ?The student was half asleep in class.(半睡半醒) ?Staying up late last night, I feel rather sleepy now. 8. set…on fire 使...著火 (= set fire to…) ?The man set the office on fire and everything in the office was destroyed. , c.f. catch fire 著火 ?First the paper caught fire and then the sticks. 9. in spite of 儘管,即使 (= despite) ?In spite of his courage and power, the hero died in the end. ,