订金和定金的区别

订金和定金的区别 购房订金和定金的区别 张翠云 “定金”指为保证的履行，消费者预先向家具销售者(卖方)交纳一定数额的钱款。合同上是“定金”的，依据《合同法》相关规定，一方违约时，双方有约定的按照约定执行;如果无约定，当收受定金一方违约时，“定金”双倍返还;交付定金一方违约时，“定金”不返还。“定金”的总额不得超过合同标的额的20% 。 订金不具有定金的性质，一般情况下，交付定金的视作交付预付款。另外，根据《关于规范房地产开发企业商品房预订行为的通知》的有关规定，房地产开发企业收取订金的，订金数额应当在总房价的千分之五以内，双方在签订商品房预售合同或销售合同后，订金应当即时返还或抵充房价。 定金与订金的区别，主要现在:一、交付定金的协议是从合同，依约定应交付定金而未交付的，不构成对主合同的违反;而交付订金的协议是主合同的一部分，依约定应交付订金而未交付的，即构成对主合同的违反。二、交付和收受订金的当事人一方不履行合同债务时，不发生丧失或者双倍返还预付款的后果，订金仅可作损害赔偿金。三、定金的数额在法律of cases required: name number (?) cerebral infarction 10 20 20 brain hemorrhage following subarachnoid hemorrhage intracranial and intraspinal tumors 10 10 10 brain vascular malformation of encephalitis meningitis in 5 central nervous system demyelinating disease 5 Disc 3 5 brain parasite disease brain, spinal trauma 3 (IX) Neural electrophysiology 2 months 1. Rotary objective: indications of nerve electrophysiological examination methods and points for attention. Be familiar with: the clinical significance of the findings. 2. basic requirements for learning type and number required: number of species (?) EEG reading 30 reading 30 evoked EMG 20 (10) neuropathic 1 month 1. Rotary objective: indications of peripheral nerve and muscle biopsy. About: specimen materials as well as common the main pathology of peripheral nervous system and muscle disease. 2. basic requirements for learning type and number required: number of species (?) nerve biopsy 2 muscle biopsies 34, written at the end of training with a certain level of literature review and case report v, reference books and IA Jianping. Neurology. Beijing Medical University Press. 2004 Rowland LP. 规定上有一定限制，例如《担保法》就规定定金数额不超过主合同标的额的20%;而订金的数额依当事人之间自由约定，法律一般不作限制。四、定金具有担保性质，而订金只是单方行为，不具有担保性质。 购房者在交付订金后不购买预订房屋的，订金按预订协议约定的办法处理，但属于以下情况的，房地产开发企业应当全额返还购房者支付的订金: 1、房地产开发企业未签订书面协议收取订金的。 2、签订的书面协议对订金的处理未作约定或约定不明确的。 3、双方对预售合同或出售合同条款存在分歧，不能协商一致的。 4、广告、售楼书、样品房与实际状况不相符的。 订金的法律定义 根据我国现行法律的有关规定，其不具有定金的性质，交付订金的一方主张定金权利的，人民法院不予支持。一般情况下，交付订金的视作交付预付款。另外，根据市房屋土地资源管理局发布的《关于规范房地产开发企业商品房预订行为的通知》的有关规定，房地产开发企业收取订金的，订金数额应当在总房价的千分之五以内，双方在签订商品房预售合同或出售合同后，订金应即时返还或抵of cases required: name number (?) cerebral infarction 10 20 20 brain hemorrhage following subarachnoid hemorrhage intracranial and intraspinal tumors 10 10 10 brain vascular malformation of encephalitis meningitis in 5 central nervous system demyelinating disease 5 Disc 3 5 brain parasite disease brain, spinal trauma 3 (IX) Neural electrophysiology 2 months 1. Rotary objective: indications of nerve electrophysiological examination methods and points for attention. Be familiar with: the clinical significance of the findings. 2. basic requirements for learning type and number required: number of species (?) EEG reading 30 reading 30 evoked EMG 20 (10) neuropathic 1 month 1. Rotary objective: indications of peripheral nerve and muscle biopsy. About: specimen materials as well as common the main pathology of peripheral nervous system and muscle disease. 2. basic requirements for learning type and number required: number of species (?) nerve biopsy 2 muscle biopsies 34, written at the end of training with a certain level of literature review and case report v, reference books and IA Jianping. Neurology. Beijing Medical University Press. 2004 Rowland LP. 充房价。购房者在支付订金后，不购买预订房屋的，订金按预订协议约定的办法处理，但属下列情况，房地产开发企业应当全额返还购房者支付的订金: (1)房地产开发企业未签订书面协议收取订金的;(2)签订的书面协议对订金的处理未作约定或约定不明确的;(3)双方对预售合同或出售合同条款存在分歧、不能协商一致的;(4)广告、售楼书、样品房与实际状况不相符的。 而订金在法律上是不明确的，也是不规范的，在审判实践中一般被视为预付款。最高人民法院关于适用《中华人民共和国担保法》若干问题的解释第118条规定:“当事人交付留置金、担保金、保证金、订约金、押金或者订金等，但没有约定定金性质的，当事人主张定金权利的，人民法院不予支持”由此可见，订金不具备定金性质，从法律上来讲，即使订金给付方违约，收受方也应予以退还[1]。 定金罚则 1、定金罚则具体内容 给付定金方不履行合同义务的，无权请求返还定金;接受定金方不履行合同义务的，双倍返还定金。当of cases required: name number (?) cerebral infarction 10 20 20 brain hemorrhage following subarachnoid hemorrhage intracranial and intraspinal tumors 10 10 10 brain vascular malformation of encephalitis meningitis in 5 central nervous system demyelinating disease 5 Disc 3 5 brain parasite disease brain, spinal trauma 3 (IX) Neural electrophysiology 2 months 1. Rotary objective: indications of nerve electrophysiological examination methods and points for attention. Be familiar with: the clinical significance of the findings. 2. basic requirements for learning type and number required: number of species (?) EEG reading 30 reading 30 evoked EMG 20 (10) neuropathic 1 month 1. Rotary objective: indications of peripheral nerve and muscle biopsy. About: specimen materials as well as common the main pathology of peripheral nervous system and muscle disease. 2. basic requirements for learning type and number required: number of species (?) nerve biopsy 2 muscle biopsies 34, written at the end of training with a certain level of literature review and case report v, reference books and IA Jianping. Neurology. Beijing Medical University Press. 2004 Rowland LP. 事人一方不完全履行合同的，应按照未履行部分所占合同约定内容的比例，适用定金罚则。 2、定金的适用需要符合以下几个条件: 2.1定金合同是实践合同，需要定金的实际交付。 定金如未实际交付的，在当事人一方不履行合同债务或者不订立主合同时，不能适用定金罚则。 2.2主合同必须有效。 这是由定金合同的从属性所决定的。如果主合同无效或者被撤销的，即便当事人已有交付和收受定金的事实，也不能适用定金罚则。但是，当事人可以约定定金合同的效力独立于主合同，即主合同无效定金合同却不一定无效。 2.3当事人不履行债务且无法定免责情形。 3、《担保解释》对适用定金罚则的几种特殊情况作出的规定: 3.1视为不履行被担保的债务的情况。 因当事人一方迟延履行或者有其他违约行为,致使合同目的不能实现，可以适用定金罚则。但法律另有规定或当事人另有约定的除外。 of cases required: name number (?) cerebral infarction 10 20 20 brain hemorrhage following subarachnoid hemorrhage intracranial and intraspinal tumors 10 10 10 brain vascular malformation of encephalitis meningitis in 5 central nervous system demyelinating disease 5 Disc 3 5 brain parasite disease brain, spinal trauma 3 (IX) Neural electrophysiology 2 months 1. Rotary objective: indications of nerve electrophysiological examination methods and points for attention. Be familiar with: the clinical significance of the findings. 2. basic requirements for learning type and number required: number of species (?) EEG reading 30 reading 30 evoked EMG 20 (10) neuropathic 1 month 1. Rotary objective: indications of peripheral nerve and muscle biopsy. About: specimen materials as well as common the main pathology of peripheral nervous system and muscle disease. 2. basic requirements for learning type and number required: number of species (?) nerve biopsy 2 muscle biopsies 34, written at the end of training with a certain level of literature review and case report v, reference books and IA Jianping. Neurology. Beijing Medical University Press. 2004 Rowland LP. 3.2 不完全履行合同时的定金罚则。 当事人一方不完全履行合同的，应当按照未履行部分所占合同约定内容的比例，适用定金罚则。 3.3因不可抗力、意外事件致使主合同不能履行的,不适用定金罚则。 因合同关系以外第三人的过错，致使主合同不能履行的，适用定金罚则。受定金处罚的一方当事人，可以依法向第三人追偿。 of cases required: name number (?) cerebral infarction 10 20 20 brain hemorrhage following subarachnoid hemorrhage intracranial and intraspinal tumors 10 10 10 brain vascular malformation of encephalitis meningitis in 5 central nervous system demyelinating disease 5 Disc 3 5 brain parasite disease brain, spinal trauma 3 (IX) Neural electrophysiology 2 months 1. Rotary objective: indications of nerve electrophysiological examination methods and points for attention. Be familiar with: the clinical significance of the findings. 2. basic requirements for learning type and number required: number of species (?) EEG reading 30 reading 30 evoked EMG 20 (10) neuropathic 1 month 1. Rotary objective: indications of peripheral nerve and muscle biopsy. About: specimen materials as well as common the main pathology of peripheral nervous system and muscle disease. 2. basic requirements for learning type and number required: number of species (?) nerve biopsy 2 muscle biopsies 34, written at the end of training with a certain level of literature review and case report v, reference books and IA Jianping. Neurology. Beijing Medical University Press. 2004 Rowland LP.