英语中有些动词所表示的动作瞬间便可完成 (2)

英语中有些动词所表示的动作瞬间便可完成 (2) 非延续性动词 文/杨学军 郭晓伟 英语中有些动词所表示的动作瞬间便可完成,我们一般把它们看成非延续性动词，例如:come,go,arrive,leave,begin,start,join,die ,get up 等，它们不能和for和since引导的时间状语连用。如:1、吉姆回来一个月了。2、李华参军三年了。由于受汉语习惯的影响，上述句子往往被错误地翻译成:1、Jim has come back for a month. 2.Li Hua has joined the army for three years. 针对这种情况，这类“非延续性动词+一段时间状语”的句子可以用下面三种方法来表示: 一、一般过去时+一段时间+ago Jim came back a month ago. Li Hua joined the army three years ago. 二、延续性动词+时间状语 Jim has been back for a month. Li Hua has been a soldier for three years. 三、It is +时间名词短语+since从句(从句的时态一般用过去时) It is a month since Jim came back. It is three years since Li Hua joined the army. 又如:他离开英国三年了。He has been away from England foe three years./He left England three years ago./It’s three years since he left England.不能说:He has left England for three years . 再如:我买这台电脑五年了。I bought the computer five years ago ./I’ve had the computer for five years ./It is five years since I bought the computer.不能说:I’ve bought the computer for five years. 常见的非延续性动词变成延续性动‎‎词的方法是: begin---be on ,open---be open, go there---be there ,come back---be back ,leave---be away from, buy---have ,join ---be in ,die---be dead . 边讲边练: 1.Hurry up! The film___for ten minutes. A.has been on B.began C.had begun D.has begun (2006辽宁) 2.-I’m sorry that you have waited for me so long. -Oh,never mind. I___here only a few minutes. A.have come B.have been C.have gone (2006 贵州黔东南州) 3.-They say there’s a new restaurant nearby. -Yes,and it ___for no more than a week. A.has been open B.opens C.is opening D.is opened (2006河北) 4.I___here since I was born. A.have come B.have been C.had been (2006 四川内江) 5.Some foreigners___Kaili for years.They make some friends here. A.have been in B.have gone to C.have been to ( 2006贵州黔东南州课改区) 6.The woman with two children___near one and a half hours. A.have left B.has left C.have been away D.has been away (2006湖北荆门) 7.I ___the nice watch for two years. A.have bought B.have had C.had D. bought (2006湖北岳阳) 8.-How long ____the film KING KONG___? -For just several minutes. A.did,begin B.has ,begun C.has,been on (2006哈尔滨) 9. I___to Canada twice. It’s so beautiful. A.won’t go B.have gone C.don’t go D.have been (2006重庆市) 10.-How long have you ___? -Since 1990. A.bought the MP3 B.joined the Party C.become a mildfield player D.lived in the town (2005 山东济南市) []1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.D 作者:杨学军 郭晓伟 地址:山东邹城市峄山中学 邮编:273501