英语四级改革后的翻译

1. 京剧（Peking Opera）经常作为中国传统戏剧的代介绍到国外。它是中国影响力最大的戏曲剧种，形成于大约200年前的北京。京剧主要基于徽剧（安徽省）和汉剧（湖北省）发展而成，当然也吸收了一些地方剧的特点。19世纪后半世纪和20世纪初是京剧发展的重要时期。京剧流播全国，影响甚广，有“国剧”之称。 Peking Opera has often been introduced abroad as a representative type of China’s traditional operas. It is China’s most influential opera and it was formed in Beijing about 200 years ago mainly on the basis of Hui (of Anhui Province) and Han (of Hubei Province) operas, but also absorbing some points from other local operas. The latter half of the 19th century and the early of 20th century were an important period in the development of Peking Opera. Peking Opera is spread nationwide with a great influence and is called “ National Opera”. 2. 中国新年是中国最重要的传统节日，在中国也被称为春节。新年的庆祝活动从除夕开始一直延续到元宵节，即从农历最后一个月的最后一天至新年第一个月的第十五天。各地欢度春节的习俗和传统有很大差异，但通常每个家庭都会在除夕夜团聚，一起吃年夜饭。为驱厄运、迎好运，家家户户都会进行大扫除。人们还会在门上粘贴红色的对联，对联的主为健康、发财和好运。其他的活动还有放鞭炮、发红包和探亲访友等。 Chinese New year, also called the Spring Festival, is the most important traditional festival in China. The New Year celebrations last from the New Year’s Eve to the Lantern Festival, that is, from the last day of the last month on the Lunar Calendar to the fifteenth day of the first lunar month of the new year. The custom and traditions celebrating the Spring Festival vary greatly from place to place. But in general, every family will get together on New Year’s Eve and have a family reunion dinner. To get rid of misfortune and welcome good luck, every family will have a thorough cleanup. People will also paste red couplets whose theme varies from health, wealth to good luck on the door. Other celebrations include setting off firecrackers, sending red packets, visiting friends and relatives, and so on. 3. 剪纸（paper cutting）是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期特别流行。人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。特别是在春节和婚庆期间，剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛。剪纸最常用的颜色是红色，象征健康和兴旺。中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎，经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。 Paper cutting is one of China’s most popular traditional folk arts. Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1,500 years. It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings. During the Spring Festival and wedding celebrations, in particular, paper cuttings are used to decorate doors, windows and rooms in order to enhance the joyous atmosphere. The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red, which symbolizes health and prosperity. Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the world and it is often given as a present to foreign friends. 4. 长青设备有限公司是一家中美合资公司，具有每年生产1000台设备的生产能力。本公司的产品按国际制造，处于国内领先地位；产品畅销全国，并出口到中东、乌克兰等地。本公司的产品规格齐全、品种繁多；产品使用安全、性能可靠，噪音低、耗能少。本公司高度重视科技进步，不断开发更新新产品，因此本公司的产品深受国内外用户的青睐。 Evergreen Equipment Co., Ltd., a Sino-American joint venture, boasts an annual output of 1,000 sets of equipment. Its products, designed and manufactured according to international standards, are in the leading positions I China as a best seller and also exported to the Middle East, Ukraine, etc.. This company has a complete range of specifications and a variety of product. Moreover, its products are safe to operate and reliable in quality, emitting low noise and consuming less energy. The company attaches great importance to scientific and technical improvement, and keeps developing and upgrading the product, so that they are well received by customers both at home and abroad. 5. 中国的饮食文化源远流长，博大精深，在世界各地享有极高的声誉。饮食文化在整个中国文化中占据非常重要的地位。中式菜名不仅生动地反映了各式各样的原料名称、烹饪、菜肴的色香味形，而且还包含了诸如菜肴创始人、发源地、文学意象、吉祥语等浓重的文化因素。 The Chinese cuisine culture, extensive and profound, has enjoyed a good reputation all over the world. Chinese cuisine culture takes up a significant position in the Chinese cultural system. Chinese dish names not only reflect various ingredients, cooking methods, color, aroma, taste, form of the dished, but also contain much cultural elements such as dish inventors, original places, literary images and auspicious wishes. 6. 该电子词典生产于香港，拥有100万个英语单词和短语，主要具有四大功能，分别为：词典查询学习功能，电子记事功能，计算功能以及数据传输功能。采用该公司20年的技术研究成果，本词典由高级电脑科技控制。机身由轻金属制成。因此体积小，携带方便。此外，该词典操作简单，价格合理，是英语学习者的明智选择。 Made in Hong Kong, this e-dictionary has a large vocabulary of 1 million English words and phrases. It has four main functions, namely: dictionary consulting, electronic notepad, computing and data transfer. The dictionary is controlled by advanced computer technology which is also the latest technical result of the company’s 20-year research. The body is made of light metal. Therefore it is small in size and convenient to carry; besides, it is easy to operate. The price is reasonable. It is a wise choice for English learners. 7. 端午节，又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰的大臣（minister）,他给国家带来了和平和繁荣。但最后因为受到诽谤（vilify）而最终投河自尽。人们撑船到他自尽的地方，抛下粽子，希望鱼儿吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身躯。几千年来，端午节的特色在于吃粽子（glutinous dumplings）和赛龙舟，尤其是在一些河湖密布的南方省份。 The Duanwu Festival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as a result of being vilified. People got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water, hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of Qu Yuan’s body. For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes. 8. 武术在我国源远流长，是中华民族传统文化的瑰宝。我们知道，一个民族的优秀文化遗产，不仅仅属于一个民族，它会逐渐传播到世界而成为人类的共同财富。为了更好的推广武术运动，使其与奥运项目接轨，中国武协和国际武联做了大量的艰苦卓绝的工作。现在武术运动已被列为一种具有与保龄球运动和国际标准舞同等地位的奥运表演项目。武术的蓬勃发展，除得益于其项目本身的吸引力之外，早期移居海外的一代武术大师功不可没。老一代武术家在海外播种下了武术的种子，使武术这门既可以自卫又可以健身的运动很快就在新的土地上扎下了根。今天高超的武术大师已遍布世界各地，武术爱好者也与日俱增。 Wushu, or Chinese martial art, can be traced back to ancient times. It is a gem of Chinese traditional culture. As we all know, the fine culture of a nation doesn’ t belong to the nation alone and it will be spread to the rest of the world and shared by all humanity. The Chinese Wushu Association and International Wushu Federation (IWUF) have been working very hard to popularize wushu and make the Chinese martial art closer to the Olympic Movement. Wushu was accepted to join bowling and international standard dance as an Olympic demonstration event.The booming of wushu is attributed not only to the attractiveness of the sport but also to emigrant Chinese wushu masters over the years. Martial artists of the older generations have sown wushu seeds in foreign countries. Weshu, which can be used as self defense and can keep practitioners fit and strong, soom became popular on new lands. Today sperb wushu masters are active all over the world, and amateurs are on the increase with each passing day. 9. 改革开放 30 年来，随着中国逐渐崛起成为政治经济强国，海外人士学习汉语的现象与日俱增，海外孔子学院也成了人们学习中国语言和中国文化的首选之地。通过学习汉语，他们对这个和自己文化大相径庭的古老文明产生了浓厚的兴趣，而且有机会了解中国的哲学、艺术、医学、饮食文化，亲身体验这个文明古国的风采。作为第二文化，中国文化也丰富了他们的生活和世界观。可以说，这个潮流方兴未艾。越来越多的学习汉语的美国人除了对中国菜肴赞不绝口之外，也在尝试针灸，草药和武术。他们也看功夫电影，学习东方时装潮流和手工艺，不知不觉的在日常生活中谈及中国的点心，人参、银杏，乌龙茶等。目前在美国最热门的中国文化是道家学说和有着神秘色彩的风水学 。 As china is rising as a political and economic world power, thanks to its three-decade reform and opening up, more and more people in overseas countries start to learn Chinese and turn to a Confucius Institute in their own countries as their first choice learning Chinese language and Chinese culture. During the learning process, the learners concurrently develop their interest in this ancient land, whose civilization is so vastly different from theirs. And the learners have opportunities to learn about Chinese philosophy, art, architecture, medicine and catering culture and experience first- hand the splendors of this venerable civilization. As the second culture, Chinese culture has enriched the life and world outlook of the learners. This trend, so to speak, is gathering momentum and is there to stay. Apart from their love for Chinese cuisine, more and more American learners of Chinese language are turning to Chinese acupuncture, herbal medicines, martial arts. They are also interested in kongfu films, fashions and crafts. Seemingly outlandish words such as dimsum, ginseng, gingko, oolong cha have crept into their everyday language. The latest Chinese cultural icons to make its impact there are Taoism, an ancient school of thought, and fengshui, an ancient art of placement. 10. 春节期间的娱乐活动多种多样，丰富多彩。耍龙灯和舞狮子是春节期间的传统项目。还有一种至今仍受人欢迎的传统表演活动，叫踩高跷。现在，随着生活水平的不断提高，人们采用了新的方式庆祝新年。但不管庆祝方式怎么变，春节的精华不会变，那就是为了祈求新年吉祥如意。家家户户都会打扫的干干净净，门上都会贴上对联，人人都会穿上新衣裳，拿出最精美的食物，团聚在一起，互道吉利，表示祝贺。最重要的是，春节是一个合家欢聚的日子，出门在外的人总要想方设法在除夕夜到来之前赶回家，吃上一年中最重要的一段饭——“团圆饭”。 The recreational activities during the Spring Festival are varied and colorful. The Dagon Dance and Lion Dance are traditionally performed during the festival. Walking on stilts is another traditional performance event popular in china. Nowadays, with the improvement of living standards, people have taken up new ways to celebrate the New Year. No matter what change there might be, the highlights of the Spring Festival will remain the same: hoping for a propitious and happy new year. Each family will clean up the house and put up an antithetical couplet on each side of the door. Dressed up in their best, people will get together, treat each other to the most delicious foods and exchange auspicious greetings. Most important of all, the Spring Festival is the occasion for a family reunion. People away from home for various reasons will always try their best to come back before the New Year’s Eve, in order to have the most important dinner in the year, family reunion dinner.