冬季要少吃凉拌菜

每年的秋冬交替之际往往会呈现气候干燥、天气变化频繁等特点，也是胃溃疡、胃炎、胃神经官能症等各种胃病的高发期。哈尔滨医科大学附属第四医院消化内科主任庄立维近日来到省电台，畅谈秋冬保“胃”话题。 　　1.多吃温性食物。冬季人体为了保持一定的热量，必须增加体内糖、脂肪和蛋白质等物质的分解，产生更多的能量，以适应机体的需要。膳食中应多补充产热营养素，如碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质，以提高肌体对低温的耐受力。此外，胃的脾性是喜燥恶寒，应多吃些温阳暖胃的食物，如牛羊肉、韭菜等。 　　2.三餐定时定量。冬天昼短夜长，很多人会改一日三餐为两餐，并提高两餐的餐量，这种做法不值得推荐。容易引起胃酸分泌紊乱而使胃黏膜受损。每日三餐应定时定量。三餐能量分布应为30%、40%、30%，早餐在6：30~8：30，午餐在11：30~13：30，晚餐在18∶00~20∶00。 　　3.多吃炖菜少吃凉拌。冬季天冷，很多人喜欢吃烫嘴的食物。但人的食道壁由黏膜组成，非常娇嫩，只能耐受50～60℃的食物，超过这个温度，食道的黏膜就会被烫伤。过冷的食物进入胃部会刺激胃黏膜引起胃病，也不利于人体保暖。因此，冬季的食物要以温热为主，多吃炖菜、炒菜，少吃凉拌菜，喝汤不要喝刚煲好的滚汤。 　　4.细嚼慢咽。有人下班从寒冷的户外回到家，看到热乎乎的饭菜立刻端起来就狼吞虎咽地吃。但在短时间内大量、快速进食，咀嚼不充分的食物到胃里不能充分与胃肠液相混合，直接影响其消化吸收，还容易吃得过饱而超出胃容量。细嚼慢咽则有利于食物与胃液的均匀混合，促进消化吸收，食物中某些营养成分的吸收率还可以提高10%左右。建议每口食物咀嚼30次，每餐不低于20分钟。 　　5.餐前喝杯温水。最佳饮水时间是早晨起床空腹时及每次进餐前一小时，餐后立即饮水会稀释胃液，汤泡饭也会影响消化。 　　6.饭后室内散步。冬季的饭后散步可改为室内，并且不要饭后立刻走，而应在饭后20~30分钟以后。“饭后百步走”只适合平时活动较少，形体较胖或胃酸过多的人。高血压、动脉硬化等心血管疾病的老年人不宜饭后立即“百步走”。 　　7.穿个棉背心。冬季寒冷会使胃的活动减缓或出现胃痉挛，还容易导致”肠易激综合征”，导致腹泻、疲劳和浑身无力等情况。冬季一定要注意胃部的保暖，可以贴身穿一个保暖背心，给胃一个温暖的环境。 　　8.保持心情舒畅。很多人都有过这样的经历，“我一生气就胃痛”。郁怒伤肝，肝气犯胃，即可引起胃脘痛、呕吐、泄泻等胃肠道疾病。因此，要保持情绪稳定和心情愉快。冬季日照缩短，容易情绪低落，建议坚持运动，尽可能多到户外晒太阳。 　　9.服药更慎重。首先，不少药物对胃黏膜有刺激，可损伤胃黏膜，甚至引起溃疡，要慎服。对暂时性胃肠功能紊乱，也不宜随意乱吃抗生素、解痉类和止泻类药物。第二，用药时间一定要选对，保护胃黏膜和胃动力药适合饭前半小时服用，西咪替丁等抑酸药最好跟着饭点服用，饭后1小时可服用中和胃酸药，包括碳酸氢钠、氢氧化铝等。 　　10.注意口腔卫生。幽门螺杆菌是导致胃病的元凶，主要来自于不洁的口腔，大量存储于牙菌斑上。当机体抵抗力下降时，幽门螺杆菌易导致胃病的发生或复发。因此，要经常更换牙刷，并坚持每餐饭后正确漱口。 Every autumn and winter is alternant tend to dry climate, the weather changes frequently and other http://www.wxgs7.com/post/416.html characteristics, is also the gastric ulcer, gastritis, gastric neurosis and other stomach period. The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Department of Internal Medicine Director Zhuang www.hjmgyt1.com Liwei recentlycame to the provincial station, about autumn and winter "stomach" topic. 1 eat warm food. The winter of the human body in order to maintain a certainquantity of heat, must increase the decomposition of substances in the body of sugar, fat and protein, resulting in more power, to adapt to the needs of the body.Should add more heat nutrients in diet, such as carbohydrates, fat, protein, toimprove the body tolerance to low temperature. In www.wxgs7.com addition, gastric temperament islike dry cold, should eat Yang warming stomach food, such as beef and mutton,leek etc.. 2 meals on time quantitative. Winter days are short and nights are long, a lot of people will change the eat three meals a day to two meals, meal and improve twomeal, this practice is not recommended. Easy to cause the disorder of the gastric acid secretion and gastric mucosa damage. Three meals a day should be regularquantitative. Three energy distribution should be 30%, 40%, 30%, breakfast at 6:30~8:30 in 11:30~13:30, lunch, dinner at 18 ∶ 00~20 ∶ 00. 3 eat stew eat cold. Cold winter, many people like to eat hot food. But the wall of the esophagus consists www.huangjiazhizun.com of mucosa, very delicate, can withstand 50 ~ 60 ℃ food,above this temperature, the esophagus mucosa will be burned. Too cold food into the stomach will stimulate the gastric mucosa caused by the stomach, is not conducive to the human body warm. Therefore, the winter food is given priority to with warm, eat stew, cooking, eat cold dishes, soup and don't drink just boil goodsoup. 4 slowly. A man came home from work from the cold outside, see the warm mealsimmediately end up www.xz-yymgw.com to eat like wolves and tigers eat. But large, fast food in a short period of time, poor chewing food into the stomach can not fully and gastrointestinal liquid mixing, directly affect the digestion and absorption, but also easy to overeat and beyond the capacity of the stomach. Chew is beneficial to theuniform mixing of food and gastric juice, and promote digestion and absorption,absorption of certain nutrients in food can be improved about 10%. Every mouthful of food chewing 30 times, meal of not less than 20 minutes. Drink a cup of warm water before the 5 meal. The best drinking time is the morningwhen fasting and before each meal hours immediately after a meal, drinking water will dilute the gastric juice, soup www.xzyymgw.net paofan will affect digestion. 6 indoor walk after dinner. Winter walk after a meal can be changed to the interior,and don't immediately after a meal to go, but after 20~30 minutes. "After supper walk" is only suitable for less usual activities, body fat or hyperacidity of the people.Hypertension, atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases of the elderly should not immediately after a meal hundred paces go "". 7 wear a cotton vest. Winter cold causes stomach activity slowed or stomach cramps, also easily www.dmqzkfw.com lead to "irritable bowel syndrome", cause diarrhea, fatigue andimpotent etc.. We must pay attention to warm the stomach in winter, can bewearing a warm vest, the stomach for a warm environment. 8 maintain good mood. Many people have had this experience, "I am angry". The whole liver injury, liver Qi attacking www.cnjuchang.com the stomach, can cause epigastric pain,vomiting, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal diseases. Therefore, to maintain astable mood and a happy mood. Winter sunshine shorten, easily depressed,advised to adhere to exercise, as much as possible to the outdoor sun. 9 drug more carefully. First of all, many drugs to stimulate the gastric mucosa, and can even cause injury www.jy290.com of gastric mucosa, ulcer, should be careful service. Thetemporary disorder of gastrointestinal function, also should not be arbitrarily eat antibiotics, antispasmodic and antidiarrhoeal drugs. Second, use of time must choose to, protect the gastric mucosa and gastric motility drug for half an hour before taking, cimetidine acid suppressive drugs it is best to follow the meal to take, 1 hours after meals can www.hitjob.net take neutralizing stomach acid, sodium bicarbonate,including aluminium hydroxide etc.. 10 pay attention to oral hygiene. Helicobacter pylori is the culprit leading to the stomach, mainly from the dirty mouth, large storage in dental plaque. When airframe resistance drops, Helicobacter www.zdllb.com pylori can cause stomach occurrence orrecurrence. Therefore, often should change the toothbrush, and adhere to the correct rinse after each meal.