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CET翻译考前两周天天练

2009-12-11 10页 doc 65KB 19阅读

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CET翻译考前两周天天练 Cet6 翻译考前两周天天练(1) 1. People _______________(往往会发胖)after giving up cigarettes because they turn to snacks as a substitute. 2. The frightened child _______________(紧紧抓住母亲的手臂). 3. If we want to ________________(提前一个月完成这项工程的话),we have to hurry with it. 4. When he suc...
CET翻译考前两周天天练
Cet6 翻译考前两周天天练(1) 1. People _______________(往往会发胖)after giving up cigarettes because they turn to snacks as a substitute. 2. The frightened child _______________(紧紧抓住母亲的手臂). 3. If we want to ________________(提前一个月完成这项工程的话),we have to hurry with it. 4. When he succeeded in finishing his design,the technician _______________(似乎忘乎所以了). 5. He is the sort of person ________________(你永远琢磨不透他讲的话). 1. tend to put on weight 解析:本句意为:很多人在戒烟后往往会发胖,因为他们会吃零食取而代之。"往往会发胖"示一种趋势、发展方向,英文里要用tend这个词。有关用法是:tend to do(取向于做某事);have the tendency to do(有做某事的趋势)。"发胖"即put on weight或gain flesh.注意,overweight这个词往往带有贬义色彩,指重量超过正常、必要或被允许的限度的,要慎用。 2. grips his mother's arm 解析:在英语里,grip表示"紧紧抓住某人",已经包含了"紧紧地"含义,因此不需要译成grip one's arm tightly,但是可以说catch one's arm tightly,考生一定要注意英汉表达差异。grip也可以引申为"吸引住(注意力、兴趣等)",如:The story gripped our attention.(这个故事吸引了我们的注意力。) 3. complete the project a month ahead of time 解析:我们知道,if条件句通常表示假设情况,要用虚拟语气。但是,如果if条件句里的假设状况在现实中有可能会实现的话,提出的假设并不与现在、过去或将来事实想违背,那么,就不需要遵循虚拟语气原则,if条件句用一般时态即可。本还考查了"提前某段时间"的英文表达"时间+ahead of time"。 4. seemed to let himself go 解析:本题考查习语"忘乎所以"的英译。Let oneself go表示尽情或尽兴、情不自禁、忘乎所以。如:Now that you come for dancing,you should let yourselves go.(既然你们来跳舞,就应该玩得尽兴。) 5. whose words you never can make out 解析:本句要从全句含义来把握。这句话实际是说:他是你永远琢磨不透他所讲的话的那种人。句子需填入部分是对先行词the sort of person的修饰。因此,我们需要的是一个由whose words引导的限制性定语从句,使全句结构紧凑。make out表示"理解、了解、猜得出"。本题也可以用并列复合句来翻译:and you can never make out his words。 Cet6 翻译考前两周天天练(2) 1. Being out of work and having two young children, ______________(夫妻俩发现勉强维持生计是不可能的). 2. Generally speaking,______________(按照说明服用时),the drug has no side effect. 3. Some people argue that most crime ______________(可归咎于对金钱的贪婪). 4. ______________(发现很难适应那里的气候),he decided to move back to the north. 5. Over a third of the population was estimated _____________(没有机会享受医疗保健服务). 1. the couple found it impossible to make ends meet 解析:本题考查对常见句型find it+adj.+to do sth.及短语make ends meet的掌握。Find it impossible to do sth.意为"发现......是不可能的",it是形式宾语,impossible为宾语补足语,动词不定式是真正的宾语。短语make ends meet是"使收支相抵,勉强维持生计"之意。 2. when taken according to the direction/instruction 解析:本题考查对分词短语作状语及词组according to的掌握。本句中分词短语作状语表示条件,相当于if the drug is taken...,分词的逻辑主语the drug与take之间是被动关系,所以应用过去分词短语作状语。词组according to意为"依照、按照"。 3. can be attributed to the greed for money 解析:本题考查对短语attribute to及常见搭配the greed for的掌握。attribute to意为"归咎于",可表示"归功于",也可表示"归咎于",crime与attribute是动宾关系,因此谓语要用被动语态(can be attributed to)。"对......的贪婪"用the greed for...表示。 4. Finding it difficult to adapt to the climate there 解析:本题考查分词短语作状语及短语adapt to的用法。句子主语he与动词"发现"是主谓关系,故应用现在分词短语作状语表示原因。常见句型find it difficult to do sth.表示"发现很难做某事",短语adapt to意为"适应"。 5. to have no access to the health service 解析:本题考查对不定式和have (no) access to固定搭配的掌握。空格处在句中作主语补足语,不定式变成被动语态以后,都必须加上to。have (no) access to为固定搭配,表示"(没)有接近(或进入、享用)的机会"。 Cet6 翻译考前两周天天练(3) 1.They are going to _______________(紧急情况时调动军队). 2. Swimming in the sea _______________(有助于增进体力和毅力). 3. They called on Black people to ________________(反对征召黑人青年当兵). 4. _______________(她表现出了很强的自制力)when they told her the news. 5. He is said to ________________(一直在工作而不是一直在学习)in the U.S.A. 1. mobilize the army in an emergency 解析:本题主要考查词语选择。"调动"可以选用mobilize或remove,"紧急情况时"作条件状语,可选用in an emergency,at an urgent time,under urgent circumstances等。 2. helps to build up both physical strength and willpower 解析:本题着重考查词语的使用。"有助于"常用搭配为:help to do,"增进"可选用动词enhance或短语build up,"体力"是physical strength,"毅力"不能译成mental strength,它是指为实现某一愿望而坚持不懈,因此willpower更恰当。另外,swimming in the sea是动名词作主语,当指代某件事情时,谓语动词要用单数。 3. to oppose the drafting of Black youth 解析:"征召......当兵"在英文里没有一个完全对等的短语,但有一个词draft本身就有"征召入兵"的含义。The drafting of sb.表示"征召某人入伍"。black指颜色黑的,但如果指黑色人种就要大写Black。"反对"在英文里可以说object或oppose,但 object指一般的"反对",特别是瞬间的突然反对,如:Do you object to my smoking here?(你反对我在这儿抽烟吗?)oppose是指经过熟虑或有重大理由对某一倾向、行为极度不满而极力反对,因此本句用oppose更合适。 4. She displayed great self-control 解析:本句意为:当她被告知这一消息时表现出很强的自制力。关键是"表现"英文对应词的选择。除display 外,show,represent,exhibit和短语put up也有表示展现某种能力的含义。self-control本身就是指自制能力,不需要刻板译成self-control ability。这里采用了省译法。 5. have been working instead of studying 解析:本题考查不定式完成进行时态的用法。不定式完成进行时表示截止到谓语动作发生之时不定式动作从过去某一时刻开始一直在进行的动作。本句还采用了合译法,用instead of巧妙地连接了两个并列成分。 Cet6 翻译考前两周天天练(4) 1. The customer complained that no sooner ______________(他刚起动这台计算机,它就不运转了). 2. What upset me was ______________(不是他所说的话,而是他说话的方式). 3. This piece of writing is ______________(与其说是短篇小说,不如说更像是新闻报道). 4. The court ruling ______________(剥夺了他的政治权利). 5. Human behavior is mostly a product of learning _____________(然而,动物的行为主要依靠本能). 1. had he started the computer than it stopped working 解析:本题考查对no sooner...than句型的掌握。no sooner...than和hardly(scarcely)...when都表示"刚一......就......",注意其中连词的区别。该句型有 两个特点:一是主句中一般使用过去完成时,而从句中一般使用一般过去时;二是no sooner或hardly(scarcely)位于句首时,要求句子采用部分倒装语序。本句中no sooner位于句首,故句子采用了倒装语序。 2. not what he said but the way he said it/ not what he said but the manner in which he said it 解析:本题考查对常见结构"not...but..."的掌握。Not...but...意为"不是......而是......",用来连接两个 并列成分,表示否定前者而肯定后者。"他所说的话"应用名词性从句what he said表示。"......的方式"用the way (in which)...或the manner in which...表示都可以,前者中的in which常省略。 3. more like a news report than a short story 解析:本题考查对"more...than..."用法的掌握。"more...than..."可以表示"与其......不如......", 该结构中可以使用形容词,也可以使用名词、代词、动词、介词短语等。如:He is more diligent than clever.(与其说他聪明不如说他勤奋。)本句中是表示"更像",于是用了"more like"。 4. deprived him of his political rights 解析:本题考查对固定结构deprive sb. of sth.的掌握。Deprive sb. of sth.意为"剥夺某人某物"。"政治权利"常用political rights表达。court ruling意为"法庭的判决"。 5. while animal behavior depends mainly on instinct /whereas the behavior of an animal depends mainly on instinct 解析:本题考查对表示对比或相反情况的连接词的掌握。While或whereas都可以作为连词,表示前后的一种对比或相反的情况,意为"然而"。注意此处不要用however,因为however是表示一种强烈的转折关系,不强调前后情况的对比。 Cet6 翻译考前两周天天练(5) 1.They've fully prepared to _______________(投身于革命). 2. All things have passed; _______________(昔日的荣耀荡然无存). 3. ________________(被告涉嫌参与)a murder case. 4. The acoustics in the Festival Hall _______________(效果好极了). 5. With the last hours of the afternoon ________________(她所有的希望、勇气和力量都随之消失了). 1. throw themselves into the revolution 解析:本句意为:他们做好了充分的准备投身革命。"投身革命"是使自己参与到革命当中,但如果用take part in the revolution,表达就略显平板。英文里有一个短语throw oneself into...中使用了反身代词表示投身于某项事业,大家要记住。 2. nothing remains of its former glory 解析:翻译本句要注意防止漏译错译。当everything,anything,something,nothing作主语时,相应的谓语动词通常采用单数形式。"昔日的"可以用former作定语修饰glory,in former days通常在句中作状语。另外,本句还采用了反译法,原中文否定在动词谓语部分,而译文动词用了不带否定标记词的remain,否定含义体现在主语 nothing上。 3. The accused is suspected of being involved in 解析:"the+adj."作主语指某个人或某抽象意义时,谓语动词要用单数。这些形容词还可以被其他词语修饰,如:the extremely poor,the idle rich,the young at heart。若被both...and... 修饰,the可以省略,如:Both young and old volunteer to give a helping hand.(年轻人和老人都主动来帮忙。)本题第二个考点是如何准确表达"涉嫌"。"涉嫌"即"被怀疑......",因此用be suspected of doing较为准确。"参与"虽然可以说take part in,join in,participate in,但这些都有主动且比较积极的含义;如果是参与到/被牵涉到某件不好的事情中,通常用be involved in,考生要注意词语的感情色彩。 4. are extremely good 解析:本题旨在考查以-ics结尾的单词作主语时的单复数问题。acoustics在句中表示"音响效果",是一个特定的事物,所以谓语要用复数are;当acoustics指学科"声学"的时候,谓语动词要用单数,如:Acoustics is a branch of physics.(声学是物理学的一个分支。) 5. went her hopes,courage,and strength 解析:本题考查状语位于句首,主句用倒装语序。这可以起到强调或使句子平衡的作用。"随之消失"的英文表达是go with...,如:go with wind,go with memory,go with tide。如果还原本句的正常语序,就是:Her hopes,courage,and strength went with the last hours of the afternoon. Cet6 翻译考前两周天天练(6) 1. ______________(除非你和保险公司签订货物保险合同),you are not entitled to a repayment for the goods damaged in delivery. 2. ______________(据报道,这个地方卫生组织25年前就成立了)when Dr. Mark became its first president. 3. Mrs. Smith shut the window lest ______________(外面的噪音会影响她儿子的睡眠). 4. The new mayor was charged ______________(未能履行他降低通货膨胀率的承诺). 5. _____________(每当遇到这类问题时,我的大脑就一片空白),and I can hardly remember my own date of birth. 1. Unless you sign a contract with the insurance company for your goods 解析:本题考查对连词unless用法的掌握。unless表示"除非......否则",相当于"if...not",常用于引导条件状语从句。 2. It is reported that the local health organization was established 25 years ago/The local health organization is reported to have been established 25 years ago 解析:本题考查形式主语it及被动语态的用法。It is reported that...意为"据报道......",it为形式主语,后面的that从句为句子的真正主语,表示"卫生组织成立"应该用被动语态。另外,本句也可 以直接用报道的对象the local health organization充当主语,原来从句中的谓语动词转换成相应的不定式的完成式。 3. the noise outside (should) interfere with her son's sleep 解析:本题考查对虚拟语气和短语interfere with的掌握。连词lest(以免),for fear that(唯恐,恐怕)和in case(万一)引起的从句中谓语动词常使用虚拟语气,其形式为"should+动词原形",should可省略。interfere with意为"打扰妨碍(某事)"。 4. with failure to fulfill his promise to decrease the inflation rate 解析:本题考查charge的搭配以及其他一些短语的用法。Charge sb. with sth.意为"以某事指控或控告某人",另外accuse...(of)也表示"指控或控告",注意不同的介词搭配。Failure(fail) to do sth.常用于表示"未能做成某事",本句中是跟在介词with后面,所以用名词failure。 5. When confronted with such questions,my mind goes blank 解析:本题考查对短语be confronted with及单词blank的掌握。Be confronted with sb./sth.表示"面对、面临某人或某事",go blank常用于表示"(思想或大脑)变得空白、呆滞"。 Cet6 翻译考前两周天天练(7) 1.The doctor _______________(建议用一种新药来治疗这种病). 2. The two parties differ very sharply from each other _______________(在采取正确的补救办法的问题上). 3. An average student with average intelligence can be a top student ________________(只要仔细安排他/她的时间). 4. _______________(让世界发展如此之快的)is the modern science and technology. 5. A student must treasure his time and ________________(吸收尽可能多的知识)to lay a solid foundation for his future career. 1. suggests treating the case with a new drug 解析:考生容易将此句"治疗"翻译成cure,cure强调"治疗、治愈,侧重治疗效果",如:The doctor used special medicines to cure him of the measles.(医生用特效药治愈了麻疹。)而treat强调医治的过程,后接sb.或sth.作宾语。另外,"建议做某事"通常可以用句 型"suggest doing"或"suggest that"从句。 2. over the correct remedies to apply 解析:首先要看到differ...from的结构,它表示"和......不同","与......在某方面不同"要用 differ...from...over/on/upon...。"问题"是范畴词,不需要译成over the question of the correct remedies to apply以避免累赘。考生要注意比较differ from与differ with的差别。differ with是说"不同意......的意见",相当于disagree with,如:I differ with him on that point,though he may be right.(在那一点上,我不同意他的意见,尽管他可能是对的。) 3. if he plans his/her time carefully 解析:本题考查代词在人称、数、性上的一致性。全句意为:一个中等智力水平的学生只要安排他/她的时间也能成为优等生。Student是单数,但无法确定名词的性,因此条件句中可用阳性或阴性。 4. What makes the world develop so fast 解析:根据句子各部分语法功能判断,我们在这里需要的是一个主语,因此必须将需填入部分译成what引导的主语从句,全句意思为"什么让世界发展如此之快--是现代科技"。 5. absorb as much knowledge as he can 解析:本句意为:学生应该珍惜宝贵时间并吸收尽可能多的知识以便为将来事业打下坚实的基础。"吸收"可选用absorb,drink in,take in."尽可能多的"译为as many as或as much as,具体要看句中名词是可数还是不可数。lay a foundation for表示"为......打下基础"。 Cet6 翻译考前两周天天练(8) 1. We'll be all right _______________(只要我们能到达下一个加油站). 2. Seeing these pictures _______________(让我想到了我的童年时代). 3. We all know the fact that ________________(他们已使工厂现代化). 4. It is quite clear that _______________(整个注定要失败). 5. All the lights in this building ________________(都受这个开关的控制). 1. if only we can get to the next petrol-station 解析:本题"只要"不能用as long as,as long as保留时间方面的含义,它引导的条件句中的谓语动词通常是延续动词或系动词,如:I'll let you use the room as long as you keep it clean.(只要你能保持房间清洁,我就让你用这个房间。)如果条件句中的谓语动词表示短暂性的动作,最好用if only。本句中"到达"就是一个瞬间动词,因此不选用as long as。 2. reminded me of my own childhood 解析:一般说来,"让某人做某事"是祈使句,多用make sb. do/ let sb. do的句型。但题中情况较特殊。按英文表达习惯,使某人想起某事要用remind sb. of sth.的结构。如:The film reminded him of what he had seen in China.(这部影片使他回想起在中国所看到的一切。)This reminded her of college days.(这使她回想起了大学里的日子。)remember指"记住、牢记",与remind...of有区别。 3. they have modernized their factories 解析:本题考查that引导同位语从句。The fact是先行词,指代后半句整个内容,"他们已使工厂现代化"是对先行词的补充。 4. the whole project is doomed to failure/fail 解析:that-从句作主语通常用it作形式主语,而将that-从句置于句末。如:It is a pity that you should have to leave.(你非走不可真是件憾事。)另外,"注定......"是一个固定搭配,be doomed to通常后接名词或不定式,如:The prisoner was doomed to death.(囚犯被判处死刑。)His dogmatism is doomed to put him into isolation.(他的独断专行注定使他陷入孤立。) 5. are controlled by this switch 解析:本题翻译并不难,但考查了"by+执行者"在句中的用法。我们知道,"by+执行者"结构表示被动,通常在句中可以省略。但在以下几种场合必 须翻译出来。第一,当执行者指艺术家、发明家、发现者、革新者等的专有名词时,如:The Last Dinner was painted by Da Vinci.(《最后的晚餐》是达•芬奇画的)。第二,当执行者是非确定性名词短语时。如:While the boy was walking on the road,he was robbed of his bread by an old man.(那个男孩在路上行走时,他的面包被一老人抢去。)本题所考查的正是第三种;当执行者是非生物性名词短语时。 Cet6 翻译考前两周天天练(9) 1. The government was accused ______________(没能实现其改善城市交通状况的承诺). 2. Only in this way ______________(我们才能在毕业之后很快适应社会). 3. No sooner ______________(我刚点着蜡烛,它就被吹灭了)by a violent draught. 4. Surrounded by the police,the kidnappers ______________(没有选择只能当场投降). 5. I'm very glad to know that _____________(作为一些服务的回报,我的老板慷慨地同意将我欠的债一笔勾销). 1. of failure to fulfill its promise to improve urban traffic conditions/ of failing to fulfill its promise to improve urban traffic conditions 解析:本题考查对accuse的用法及短语fulfill one's promise to...的掌握。accuse"指责、控告"常用于accuse sb. of sth./ doing sth.的结构,所以was accused of之后用failure和failing都可以。"实现......的承诺"用fulfill one's promise to表示,to后接动词原形。 2. can we adapt (ourselves) to the society quickly after we graduate 解析:本题考查对倒装句、adapt的用法以及after引导的时间状语从句的掌握。only引起的状语位于句首时,句子须部分倒装。本题中要将情 态动词can提前。adapt作"适应"解时常用于adapt (oneself) to sth.的结构。在when,until,after,before,as soon as,once,the moment/the minute,the day引导的时间状语从句中,常常用一般现在时代替一般将来时(after we graduate)。 3. had I lit the c andle than it was put out 解析:本题考查对句型no sooner...than...及短语put out的掌握。no sooner...than...表示"刚...就...,一...就...",但只用于过去时:主句通常用过去完成时,从句通常用一般过去时。No sooner 位于句首时,主句须部分倒装。Put out意为"熄灭"。 4. had no choice but to surrender on the spot 解析:本题考查对固定结构have no choice but to do及短语on the spot的掌握。have no choice but to do意为"除...之外别无选择",注意不要忽略to。短语on the spot意为"当场"。本句时态应为一般过去时。 5. my boss has generously agreed to write off my debt in return for certain services 解析:本题主要考查对一些短语的掌握。in return for表示"作为对......的回报或报答";write off表示"勾销,注销"。注意本句在整个句中是充当宾语的成分,故介词短语in return for...最好放到句子的结尾,不要按照其中文的语序直译。 Cet6 翻译考前两周天天练(10) 1,The murderer deserves _______________(被绞死). 2. _______________(他们来帮忙)encouraged me. 3. I was sorry ________________(没看上这部电影). 4. In this night,if we can make good use of time,_______________(当然毫无疑问地我们会成功). 5. The government should enforce laws strictly. On the other and,the public also should ________________(培养减少污染的好习惯). 1. hanging/ to be hanged 解析:本题既可以用V-ing也可以用动词不定式。除deserve外,need,require,want后也可以跟主动语态的动名词,但含义却 是被动的。如:Your windows need cleaning.(你的窗户需要擦。)His story requires investigating.(他说的话需要调查核实。)Your shoes want polishing.(你的鞋需要擦。)与这类用法很类似的是形容词worth后接动名词,其含义也属于被动。如:Your method is worth trying.(你的办法值得一试。)The novel is worth reading.(这本小说值得一读。) 2. Their coming to help 解析:原中文句是一个完整的"主、谓、宾"结构,但这种汉语语法结构按照字面直接译成英语They came to help的话,就不符合英语语法规范,因为后半句已经出现了谓语动词encouraged,所以这里我们要采用词性转译法,把"他们来帮忙"处理成动名词 作主语的形式。其实,还有一种方法是把"他们来帮忙"处理成that引导的主语从句That they came to help,在句子作主语。 3. to have missed this film 解析:本题考查了反译法和不定式完成时的用法。"没看上这部电影,所以我才感到遗憾",因此动作发生在谓语动词之前,所以要用完成时态。如果用正译法将句子需填入部分译成not to have seen this film就不符合英语表达习惯,没有的效果好。 4. there can surely be no doubt that we will succeed 解析:in this light是一个惯用表达,意思是"这样说来";make good use of指"善用时间"。如果将原文译成there can be no doubt that we would succeed,就只将"毫无疑问"译了出来,却没能体现"当然"。那么在there can结构中"当然"应该放在什么位置呢?通常surely/ certainly都放在情态动词之后,系动词之前。注意:"成功"也可以说get somewhere;反之,不成功、一事无成、毫无进展就用get nowhere。如:The new policy will get the company nowhere.(新的政策将使公司前途晦暗。) 5. develop the good habit of reducing pollution 解析:本题考查词义辨析。"培养"的英文对应词是cultivate, 但cultivate是指通过犁地等来耕作土地或指对人的养育、培育,如:to cultivate a love of art(培养对艺术的爱好);to cultivate a new generation(培育新一代)。句中的意思是说,政府应严格执法,另一方面,大众也应该养成减少污染的好习惯。"习惯"是要大众自己养成的,而不是 说大众要培养什么其他人,所以应用develop这个词,表示逐渐形成,使行为朝着某一特定目标发展。
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