雅思考试必备的关联词！！

IETLS考试中关联词起着很重要的作用，熟悉这些常用的关联词，对你的考试会有非常重要的作用。    常用的关联词分为十大类：　    一.　Addition　此外    in　addition, and，similarly， as　well　as，besides，furthermore，also，moreover，too, not　only　...　but，even，besides　this／that　   二.　Sequence　顺序  first, initially，second　etc.，to　be?gin　with，then，next，earlier／later，following　this／that，afterwards　    三.　Consequence　结果  as　a　result, thus，so，therefore，consequently，it　follows　that，thereby，eventually，to　that　case，admittedly　    四.　Contrast对比　  however, on　the　other　hand，  despite，in　spite　of，though，although，but，on　the　contrary　  otherwise, yet，instead　of，rather，whereas，　nonetheless compared　with，in　contrast    五.　Certainty　确定  obviously, certainly，plainly，of　course，undoubtedly　    六.　Condition　条件  if, unless，whether，provided　that，for，so　that，whether，depending　on　    七.　Time　时间  before, since，as，until，meanwhile，at　the　moment，when，whenever，as　soon　as，just　as    八.　Summary　  in　conclusion, in　summary，lastly，finally，to　sum　up，to　conclude，to　re?capitulate,in　short　    九.　Example举例  for　example，for　instance，just　as，in　particular，such　as，namely    十.　Reason原因  since，as, so, because (of)，due　to，owing　to，the　reason　why，in　other　words,　leads　to，cause　 “麻雀虽小,五脏俱全”?一个段落就像一篇文章一样,也有主句?扩展句和结尾句?主题句是段落的核心,但要记住,一个段落只有一个中心,这个中心要清晰地达出来?扩展句围绕主题句进行叙述?说明或论述,方法各异?结尾句对本段的内容进行总结,和主题句相呼应,引发读者对段落的进一步认识?结尾句可有可无,视内容而定? 段落的扩展有多种方式,常见的有列举?举例?递进?因果?比较和对照,写作时往往是几种方法结合使用?现分别举例说明: 1.列举 常见的关联词有: first, second, finally; for one thing, for another thing; on one hand, on the other hand等,如: Effective measures can be taken to protect our natural resources. On one hand, we should carry out campaigns to make people aware of the urgency of environmental protection; on the other hand, strict laws should be made to put the commercial fishing under control. 2.举例 常见的关联词有: for example, for instance; one example is… , another example is…; such as 等,如: Love means more to those who need help. For example, in 1998, southern China witnessed an unprecedented flood. Many people became homeless, and they were in bad need of clothing and food for the coming winter. At this moment, people all over China offered their warm hands. With their love, they help the victims of the flood live through the winter. 3.递进 常见的关联词有:furthermore, moreover, besides, in addition, what's more等,如: Today more and more advertisements are seen on the TV screen. There are two reasons for this phenomenon. To begin with, they can meet the needs of manufactures. With the development of market economy, manufactures have to be more and more competitive, and advertising is one of the best ways to strengthen their competitive capacity. What's more, advertisements are also necessary to consumers. Advertisements can help the consumers keep informed about different products and offer them different alternatives when they just stay at home. 4.因果 常见的关联词有:because, since, for, owing to, due to, as a result, because of, so, there fore, thus, consequently, accordingly等,如: . At present, fake products are very common in our markets. The most obvious reason is that some dishonest manufactures want to make easy money, and selling fake products is their first choice. In addition, the government hasn't passed strict laws to punish these dishonest manufacturers. As a result, fake products are very popular in the market. 5.比较和对比 常见的关联词有:on the contrary, in contrast, in comparison, on the other hand, likewise, while, whereas, yet, but, however等,如: The entry into WTO has brought China many opportunities. For example, it will introduce into China more advanced technology, which is bound to stimulate the development our country. However, each coin has its two sides. After China became a member of WTO, it has also faced many challenges. A case in point is that some heavy industries are facing bankruptcy because of the pressure from the foreign rivals. 雅思听力考试最新评分 雅思听力考试的成绩分为9分制，听力成绩有半分等级，根据的难易程度，最后成绩要乘以难度系数，所以做对的题目数目和成绩等级每次不是一个定值。     Score Band Proficiency   40   9        精通英语   35-39   8/ 8。5        英语能力优秀   30-34   7/ 7。5       英语能力良好   23-30   6/ 6。5        英语能力较好   16-22   5/ 5。5        英语能力一般   10-15   4/ 4。5        英语能力有限   4-9   3/ 3。5        英语能力极有限   2-3   2/ 2。5        英语能力差   1   1/1.5           无使用英语能力