男人为何比女人命短？ 精子基因暗藏机关

日本科学家帮你解读 Sperm Gene May Cause Men's Longevity Disadvantage 精子基因可对男性长寿造成不利 WEDNESDAY, Dec. 2 (HealthDay News) -- Sperm genes may affect life span in humans and other mammals and could help explain why females tend to live longer than males, Japanese scientists say. 周三，12月2日（健康版新闻）——日本科学家们说，精子基因可影响人类和其他哺乳动物的 寿命，这能有助于解释为什么雌性动物往往比雄性动物活得更长久。 The researchers found that mice created using two female genomes -- bi-maternal mice -- lived an average of 186 days longer than mice created from the normal combination of a male and female genome. The normal life span of the mice used in the study is 600 to 700 days, which means the bi-maternal mice lived about one-third longer than normal. 研究者们已发现能创建使用两种雌性基因组的小鼠（双母体小鼠）比创建正常雄性和雌性复合基 因组的小鼠平均多存活186天。在该研究中使用的小鼠正常寿命是600至700天，这意味着双 母体小鼠能比正常组的小鼠多存活大约三分之一的时间。 The difference in life span may be caused by a gene on chromosome 9 associated with post-natal growth, the researchers explained in their report, which is published in the Dec. 2 online edition of the journal Human Reproduction. 研究者们在他们发表在12月2日人类生殖杂志网络版的报告里指出，与出生后生长相关的9号 染色体基因可引起寿命的差异。 "We believe that the most likely reason for the differences in longevity relates to the repression of a gene called Rasgrf1 in the bi-maternal mice. This gene normally expresses from the paternally inherited chromosome and is an imprinted gene on chromosome 9 associated with post-natal growth," study author Tomohiro Kono, of the department of bioscience at Tokyo University of Agriculture, explained in a news release from the journal's publisher. 在东京农业大学生物科学系的研究作者Tomohiro Kono在一份来自杂志出版者的新闻稿里解释道，我们相信寿命差异最可能的原因和一种在双母体小鼠中的称为Rasgrf1基因的表达情况有 关。该基因可正常表达来自父系遗传的染色体，是和出生后生长相关的9号染色体上的一种印 迹基因。 "Thus far, it's not clear whether Rasgrf1 is definitively associated with mouse longevity, but it is one of the strong candidates for a responsible gene," Kono added. Kono补充道，迄今为止，还不是很清楚Rasgrf1是否确定和小鼠寿命相关，但是它是一种负责基因强有力的候选者之一。 "We have known for some time that women tend to live longer than men in almost all countries worldwide, and that these sex-related differences in longevity also occur in many other mammalian species. However, the reason for this difference was unclear and, in particular, it was not known whether longevity in mammals was controlled by the genome composition of only one or both parents," Kono stated in the news release. Kono在新闻稿里陈述道，我们知道世界上绝大多数国家的女性往往比男性要长寿已经有一段时 间了，这些在寿命中显示的性别相关差异也见于很多其他的哺乳动物物种，然而，这种差异的原 因尚未阐明，也不知道是否哺乳动物的寿命是由单一或双亲的染色体成分决定的。 "The study may give an answer to the fundamental questions: that is, whether longevity in mammals is controlled by the genome composition of only one or both parents, and just maybe, why women are at an advantage over men with regard to the life span," Kono concluded. Kono道，这项研究可对该根本问题给出一个，那就是是否哺乳动物的寿命由单一或双 亲的染色体成分决定，也许仅仅是关于寿命这一点上女性比男性处于一种有利的位置。