文学体裁分类

诗歌，戏剧，小说，散文， Novel: 篇幅：长，中，短 : romance Historical novel Gothic novel science fiction utopia novel 小说分类 代表作家 Novel 长篇小说 Novella中篇小说 Short Story短篇小说 Mansfied曼斯菲尔德 O’Henry欧亨利 Historical novel 历史小说 Scott司各特 romance 传奇 Hawthorne霍桑 science fiction科幻小说 Wells威尔斯 utopia fiction 乌托邦小说 More莫尔 Poetry: line 诗行 stanza 诗节 内容 Epic is a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events significant to a culture or nation. The best known epics in English literature is John Milton's Paradise Lost and the Anglo-Saxon story Beowulf. Ballad Elegy is a type of literature defined as a song or poem, written in elegiac couplets, that expresses sorrow or lamentation, usually for one who has died. Two famous elegies include Thomas Gray’s "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard" and Walt Whitman’s "When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d". ode lyrics epigram dramatic poetry confessional poetry imagist poetry 诗歌种类 定义 代表作家/作品 epic 史诗 Beowulf（贝奥武甫） elegy 哀歌 Thomas Gray 格雷 ode 颂歌 Shelley雪莱 Keats济慈 epigram 隽语，讽刺短诗 a short saying or poem which expresses an idea in a very clever and amusing way. Alexander Pope（蒲柏）, John Dryden（德莱顿） 举例：“I am His Highness' dog at Kew; Pray tell me, sir, whose dog are you?” ” Lyrics dramatic poetry 戏剧诗 Robert Browning布朗宁 confessional poetry 自白诗 Robert Lowell 洛威尔 Sylvia Plath普拉斯 imagist Poetry 意象诗 Pound庞德 Sonnet 十四行诗 Spenser斯宾塞， Shakespeare莎士比亚 blank verse 无韵诗 Marlowe马洛 Shakespeare莎士比亚 Heroic couplet 英雄双韵体 Alexander Pope蒲柏 free verse 自由诗 Whitman惠特曼 韵律来分： Sonnet Blank verse (pentametre ambic) Heroic couplet（英雄双韵体）: refers to lines of iambic pentameter which rhyme in pairs: aa, bb, cc, and so on. Free verse Ode Play: Comedy(comedy of humors, comedy of manners) Tragedy Historical Comic-tragegy 戏剧 代表作家 代表作品 tragedy悲剧 Shakespeare 莎士比亚 King Lear 《李尔王》 Macebth《麦克白》 Hamlet《哈姆雷特》 Othello《奥赛罗》 Romeo and Juliet 《罗密欧与朱丽叶》 comedy喜剧 Shakespeare 莎士比亚 A Midsummer Night’s Dream 《仲夏夜之梦》 As You Like It 《皆大欢喜》 The Merchant of Venice 《威尼斯商人》 Twelfth Night 《第十二夜》 Historical plays 历史剧 Shakespeare 莎士比亚 Richard III 《理查三世》 Henry IV 《亨利四世》 Henry V 《亨利五世》 Henry VII 《亨利八世》 Comedy of Humors 气质喜剧 Ben Johnson 本•琼生 Every Man in His Humor 《人各有癖》 Comedy of manners 风俗戏剧 Sheridan 谢立丹 School of Scandal 《造谣学校》 Essay: 代表作家 代表作品 Francis Bacon 培根 Essays 《论说文集》 1611 King James Version 1611年钦定本《圣经》 Authorized Version of Bible 1611年钦定本《圣经》 Steele and Addison 斯第尔和爱迪生 Spectator 《旁观者》杂志 Samuel Johnson 萨缪尔•约翰逊 English Dictionary 《英语大词典》第一部英语词典 Arnold 阿诺德 Culture and Anarchy Emerson 爱默生 Nature, American Scholar