有钱能使鬼推磨

有钱能使鬼推磨 Unit 8 Money Contents: 1.Learn to Communicate Is Money Everything Proverbs and Sayings Different Monetary Units Video Watching 2.Text Learning New Words & Expressions Reading Questions Text Structure Text Understanding 3.Exercises Reading Comprehension Vocabulary Learn to Communicate Different Monetary Units RMB yuan Try to identify the following monetary units. Dollar (U.S.) Pound (Great Britain) Yen (Japan) Won (South Korea) Ruble/Rouble (Russia) Mark (German ) Franc France Euro Learn to Communicate Proverbs & Sayings Put the Following Proverbs into Chinese. 1) Money makes the mare go. 有钱能使鬼推磨。 2) Money is the root of all evil( 金钱是万恶之源。 3) It is easier to get money than to keep it. 挣钱容易攒钱难。 4) Money isn’t everything. 钱不是万能的。 5) A high-minded man accumulates wealth by fair means. 君子爱财，取之有道。 6) Money is a good servant but a bad master. 做金钱的主人，莫做金钱的奴隶。 7) Wisdom is better than gold or silver. 智慧胜过金钱。 Is Money Everything Money is considered by some people as the most important thing in their life. They think that the majority of the material things in our daily life has to be bought with money and that if they have a lot of money, they can make themselves very comfortable by having a fine house to live in, beautiful clothes to put on, and delicious food to eat. However, money is not everything, because… It can buy you a house but not a home. It can buy you a bed but not sleep. It can buy you a clock but not time. It can buy you books but not knowledge. It can buy you blood but not life. It can buy you sex but not love. It can buy you a position but not respect. It can buy you medicine but not health. Money may not be the root of all evil, But it often brings us anguish(苦恼)and regrets. Now I would like to tell you how to solve the problem, my dear friends. And I hope you will forward the solution to other friends of yours. Give all your money to me. Let me suffer from the anguish (痛苦，苦恼) for you. Right now, Ok? :-) Money is not everything. Take time and life for example. No matter what we do or how much money we are willing to pay, we cannot make the day last longer than 24 hours. Suppose there is a millionaire who possesses everything except good health, when he is suffering from a fatal illness, what he wants most is life. Though money can help him get first-rate doctors and the best medical care, money can not buy him a longer life. Money, moreover, is the root of all evils. Being greedy for money, some people break the law and do all kinds of evil things. In that care, money may bring them tragedies. Therefore, money is not everything, and sometimes it is nothing. Video Watching Script Today, nearly 144 million Americans have credit cards, and they are using their cards like never before, charging 1.5 trillion dollars last year alone. Credit cards have become an essential part of the American economy. I really can say that I love my credit, but I would hate to live without it. I use it a lot for work, it’s easy, it’s easy access. I can take clients out for dinner. I take advantage of the miles, we fly first-class on vacations. It’s nice ~ this ~ what you don’t have. Can you image living without of credit card in the society? It’s hard to imagine. We sit down with the group of credit card customers to talk about how they use their cards. We are consumers, American loves to consume, ~ blood, is like a diction, I mean, I have this new credit card in my pocket, look at that great dress, I can do, and I really should do it all, just pay off later, and you do it. Apparently, I had an Ipod, I’m not cool. Yeah. So, I can charge and pay it off. And, Christmas is just around corner, there is always something. They are just a gift for the traveler which I am a very, very, very frequent reverend indeed that I am. Er… there are indispensable. Actor and author Benn Stine loves the conveniences of using his credit cards. Credit cards are incredible deal for me. I mean, I have lots, lots of different cards. I mean my ~ is just stuff those cards, is just insane, is just ridiculous, I look like I’ve got a third breast from my, er…gathering around my … wow…there is so much credit cards ~. Stine says he charges thousands of dollars a month in business expenses on his credit cards. I use all the good services, they don’t make any money for me. I mean none to speak off. The credit card companies do make a percentage on each transaction, but Stine is not their ideal customer, because like 55 million Americans, they pay ~ bills off every month, doesn’t pay any interest. The credit card ~ company hate people like me of pay off our bills every month, and I know that cause I rent it into a fill when I went to high school was on the street. And he told me he worked for the credit card company, and I told him about how much I used credit cards now, I paid them off every month, and he said we guys, we hate you, we hate you guys, we called you “deadbeats”. Deadbeats in the upside down world of credit card business, are the people like Benn Stine, who pay off their bills on time. The industry’s best customers are the 90 million Americans who don’t pay off their credit card debt. They are called the revolvers. People in the industry tell us they are revolvers people who borrow money basically with their credit card. That’s where the profits are. I don’t think that’s where all the profits are. I think it is. Well, generally understood, that those that have used revolving part of the credit card, er… are… are kinda of the Switzbod, Today, the Switzbod as Mr ~ calls it, continues to grow, and the top interests rate charged are higher than ever before according to Robert Mckenley who founded card web a research form that attracts the industry. The top ~ was in the country are charging interests rate of 25 to 30 percent to some other customers, and this is in the market, we’re interests rates are at of 40 year low. We have consumers’ paying, interests that would be considered long sharks in my day. At the same time, Americans with credit cards balances are carrying a record amount of debt. How much credit card debt is the average American family carrying? About 8,000 dollars, for those who are carrying some debt. Text Learning New Words & Expressions Word Study figure v. to consider; believe认为;想 Examples: I figure he will be back soon. 我想他很快就会回来了。 I figured that he was drunk and shouldn’t be allowed todrive. 我认为他喝醉了，不应该让他开车。 attempt n. an effort made to do sth. 努力尝试;试图 made no attempt to do 没有努力(尝试)去做„„ in an attempt to 尝试去做„„ Examples: He made no attempt to finish the task on time. 他从未尽力准时完成任务。 He climbed the ladder in an attempt to get the toy. 他爬上梯子试图去拿玩具。 attempt v. to make an effort to do sth.; try to do sth. 尝试，努力，试图 Examples: The prisoners attempted to escaped, but failed. 囚犯试图逃跑，但是失败了。 Don’t attempt the impossible. 不要试图做不可能的事。 purpose n. 用途;意图，目的 Examples: What is the purpose of this little red button? 这个小红按钮的用途是什么, The experiments serves no useful purpose. 这些试验毫无用处。 The purpose of this book is to provide a complete guide to the university. 本旨在全面介绍这所大学。 on purpose故意地;为了 I think he is doing that on purpose. 我想他是故意那样干的。 for (the) purpose (of)为的是; 为了„„的目的 They do experiments on rats for scientific purpose. 出于科学研究的目的，他们用老鼠作试验。 with the purpose of以„„为目的 He went to town with the purpose of buying a new television. 他进城的目的是买一台新电视机。 justify vt. to give a good reason for 证明„„是正当的 Examples: How can they justify paying such huge salaries? 他们怎能证明付这么大笔薪金是正当的呢, 你如何解释你的粗鲁行为, How can you justify your rude behavior? determine v. to decide决定，决心 Examples: They determined to start early. 他们决定早点出发。 他还没有决定学什么。 He has not determined what he will study. determination n. 决心, 果断 Her determination to do well made her keep on studying. 她想取得好成绩的决心使得她坚持学习下去。 matter vi. be important要紧，有关系 Examples: It doesn’t matter if I miss this bus, I can walk. 如果我错过了公共汽车不要紧，我可以步行。 But this does not matter, for, as he has often said, one is never too old to learn. 然而这没有关系, 因为正如他一向所说的,人要活到老学到老。 matter n. 事情，问题，情况;物质 Examples: I have an important matter to talk to you about. 我有件重要的事要和你谈谈。 Everything we can see and touch is made up of matter. 我们能看见和摸到的每件东西都由物质组成。 suffer v. to experience or have to deal with 承受，遭受，蒙受(痛苦或不愉快的事情) Examples: to suffer a defeat/a setback 遭受失败/挫折 If you break the law, you must be prepared to suffer the consequences. 如果犯了法，你就要准备承担后果。 这支军队在战争中遭受重大损失。 The army suffered heavy losses in the war. suffer from: (尤指长期地或习惯性地)患有(疾病等)，为„„所苦 Examples: Our business has suffered from lack of investment. 我们的企业因缺乏投资而日子不好过。 他患有头痛病。 He suffers from headaches. concerning prep. about关于 Examples: We talked about a lot of problems concerning air pollution. 我们谈论了许多关于空气污染的问题。 Police are anxious to hear any information concerning his whereabouts. 警察迫切想知道有关他行踪的消息。 pursue v. to do sth. or try to achieve sth. 追求，致力于，从事 Examples: to pursue a goal/an aim/an object追求目标 Kristin pursued her acting career with great determination. 克里斯汀意志坚定地追求她的表演事业。 pursuit n. 追求，寻找 Examples: the pursuit of happiness/knowledge/profit 追求幸福/知识/利润 She traveled the world in pursuit of her dreams. 她走遍天下，追寻她的梦想。 somewhat ad. a little; rather 有几分;稍微;有点 Examples: I was somewhat surprised to see him. 见到他我颇感诧异。 这价格比我预料的高了一点。 The price is somewhat higher than I expected. 区分somehow用某种;不知怎么地 somehow用某种方法;不知怎么地 Examples: Don’t worry, I’ll get the money back somehow. 别担心，我们总会把那些钱拿回来的。 Somehow, I just don’t think it’ll work. 不知为什么，我总是觉得这样行不通。 We must stop him from seeing her _________. It seems that she is _________ unusual today. _________ I must get a new job. somehow Somehow Somewhat combine (with) v. to join together, to form a whole unit; unite(使)联合，结合，(使)合并 Examples: The two countries combined against their common enemy. 这两个国家联合起来对抗共同的敌人。 Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water. 氢与氧化合成水。 eventually ad. at last, in the end, finally最后，终于 Examples: He works so hard that eventually he made himself ill. 他工作很努力，最终累垮了。 After many attempts she eventually managed to get promotion. 经过多次尝试，他终于得到了提升。 compose v. to make up (sth.); to form (sth.) 组成;构成 Examples: England, Scotland and Wales compose the island of Great Britain. 英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士构成大不列颠岛。 be composed of be made up of or formed from sth. 由„„组成或构成 Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. be on duty 值班，值勤 Examples: It was the same nurse who was on duty when you had your accident. 你出事故时就使这位护士在值班。 Helen is no night duty all next week. 下个星期海伦全都值夜班。 【反】be off duty下班，不值勤 Expressions in a sense in one way of speaking; partly 在某种意义上 Examples: In a sense, I think he likes being responsible for everything. 从某种意义上说，我认为他喜欢包揽一切。 in a broad (narrow) sense在广,狭,义上 In a broad sense, education is the most vital of all resources. 从广义上讲，教育在所有资源中是最重要的。 Expressions in no sense决不是, 决非 The election is in no sense fair. 这次选举决不公平。 in some sense=in one sense=in a sense make sense讲得通，有意义 This message does not make sense. 这篇文章讲不通。 make sense of懂，理解 Can you make any sense of this article at all? 你究竟能不能理解这篇文章的意思。 better off : richer than before 较富裕，环境(情况)良好 Examples: We are better off this year than we were last year. 我们今年比去年好多了。 When she got home she was not much better off. 回到家后，她的状况并不好。 【反】worse off The tax increase will leave us worse off. 增税后，我们的境况更糟糕了。 be worthy of 值得，配得上，应得到 Examples: His behavior is worthy of great praise. 他的行为值得高度赞扬。 He is a teacher worthy of respect. 他是位值得尊敬的老师。 Reading Questions As we all know, Li Ka-shing is a person who is very rich. How did he react , do you know, when he dropped a two-dollar coin? What’s the relationship between self-interest and the total net income of society? What do you think of Li Ka-shing’s ideology? Text Structure Part One (Para. 1) Li Ka-shing rewarded the Indian attendant 100 dollars for helping him pick up a two-dollar coin. Part Two (Para. 2,5) Li Ka-shing’s philosophy of economy: an individual’s action is closely related to the total net income of society. Part Three (Para. 6) Li Ka-shing’s ideology should be worthy of our deep reflection. Text Understanding LiKa-shing and a Coin 1. Once while trying to reach his car key, Li Ka-shing dropped a two-dollar coin, which rolled under the car. He figured that when the car started, the coin would fall into the gutter, so he squatted down in an attempt to pick it up. Seeing this an Indian attendant on duty immediately picked it up for him. Having retrieved his coin, Li Ka-shing surprisingly gave the attendant 100 dollars as a reward. His explanation for such a big reward was: “If the attendant hadn’t picked up the coin, it would have rolled into the gutter and the two dollars would have disappeared from the world. When I gave 100 dollars to the attendant, he could spend it for some useful purpose. I think money should be used, not wasted.” 2. This incident illustrates Li Ka-shing’s philosophy of economy. It also exemplifies his way of thinking; that is, he judges whether an individual’s action is justified by determining whether it increases or decreases the total net income of society. As long as the total net income of society is increased, it doesn’t matter if he himself suffers a loss; conversely, if the total net income of society is decreased, his own personal financial gain will still be a loss in a broad sense. 3. We shouldn’t look down on this way of considering the total net income of society—it is a big issue concerning the wealth and strength of the nation. In his book The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith expressed an important point of view: the contribution individuals make to society in pursuing their own good is greater than that made by individuals attempting to benefit society. This kind of “self-interest” or “selfishness” is somewhat attractive, because such “self-interest” can bring benefits to others. When one’s own “interest” is combined with the “interest” of others, the total net income of society will certainly increase and the nation will of course become wealthy and powerful. 4. Traditional Chinese society was one in which people did “not worry about poverty, but rather about the uneven distribution of wealth. “Not worrying about poverty” implies not caring if society is weak; “worrying about uneven distribution” means fearing that others are better off than oneself. When others become better off, I will try all I can to make them worse off, although such an action will bring me no benefit. The result of such infighting is that a penniless me and equally penniless others together constitute a poor society in which the poverty is evenly distributed. 5. Using the total net income of society as our criterion, we can thus explain why the manufacturing of counterfeit goods is to be considered undesirable. Those who make or sell counterfeit goods may make a profit, but the waste of resources and manpower caused by counterfeiting will eventually lead to a decrease of the total net income of society. If we do nothing about this, it will surely weaken the strength of the nation. A society composed of those who have become rich through counterfeiting and all the rest who have been deprived of their wealth is a poor society in which poverty is unevenly distributed. 6. The ideology of Li Ka-shing is one that can enrich a nation. His mentality, which is at variance with both traditional Chinese culture and the culture of an unregulated market economy, is worthy of our deep reflection. Summary Li Ka-shing once award an Indian attendant who helped him pick up a two-dollar coin with 100 dollars. The incident not only 1)_______ his philosophy of economy, but also demonstrates his way of thinking. That is, he 2)________ much more importance to the total net income of society 3)__________ his personal financial gains. Meanwhile, Adam Smith once put it in this way, “the contribution individuals make to society in 4)________ their own good is greater than that made by individuals attempting to 5)________society.” And when one’s own interest is 6)_________with the interest of others, the total net income of society will certainly 7)________ and the nation will of course become wealthy and powerful. Li Ka-shing’s ideology is 8)_______of our deep reflection. illustrates attaches rather than pursuing benefit combined increase worthy Samples for Reading Questions As we all know, Li Ka-shing is a person who is very rich. How did he react , do you know, when he dropped a two-dollar coin? Answer: Firstly, he attempted to pick it up by himself. When an attendant helped him pick it up, he gave the attendant 100 dollar as a reward. 2. What’s Li Ka-shing’s philosophy of economy? Answer: In his opinion, as long as the total net income of society is increased, it doesn’t matter if he himself suffers a loss; conversely, if the total net income of society is decreased, his own personal financial gain will still be a loss in a broad sense. 3. What do you think of Li Ka-shing’s ideology? Answer: The ideology of Li Ka-shing is one that can enrich a nation. His mentality, which is at odds with both traditional Chinese culture and the culture of an unregulated market economy, is worthy of our deep reflection. Exercises Reading Comprehension Directions: Read the following statements and decide whether they are true or false according to the passage. Write “T” for true and “F” for false before each statement. ____1) Li Ka-shing gave the Indian attendant the two-dollar coin as a reward. ____2) According to Adam Smith, people’s “self-interest” or “selfishness” is beneficial to others. ____3) In traditional Chinese society, people were usually worried about poverty. ____4) The infighting among people finally leads to a wealthy society. ____5) Counterfeiting will cause a waste of resources and manpower. T F T F F 2. Directions: Read through the passage and give short answers to the following questions. 1) What was Li Ka-shing’s reaction when he found that he had dropped a two-dollar coin? Answer: He squatted in order to pick up the two-dollar coin. 2) Why did Li Ka-shing give the Indian attendant 100 dollars as a reward? Answer: Because he considered that if the attendant hadn’t picked up the coin, it would have rolled into the gutter and the two dollars would have disappeared from the world. He gave 100 dollars to the attendant, who could spend it for some useful purpose. Money should be used, not wasted. (or: Because according to Li Ka-shing, the most important thing is not who uses the money, but whether money is used correctly.) 3) What is Li Ka-shing’ s philosophy of economy according to the passage? Answer: His philosophy is that he judges whether an individual’s action is justified by determining whether it increases or decreases the total net income of society. 4) What point of view did Adam Smith express in his book The Wealth of Nations? Answer: In his book The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith expressed an important point of view: the contribution individuals make to society in pursuing their own good is greater than that made by individuals attempting to benefit society. 5) What does “infighting” (Para. 4) refer to according to the author? Answer: The “infighting” refers to the fight among people who fear that others are better off than themselves. Vocabulary Exercises 1. Directions: In this exercise, there are eight sentences. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. 1.Mr. Hunter managed to______ his neglect of duty on the basis of his poor health. A. remember B. forget C. reject D. justify 2) His salary went into five ______ a year. A. figures B. numerals C. numbers D. fingers 3) His attitude to work mainly depends on ______ from the work. A. the offer B. the award C. the reward D. the reflection 4) At present, even selling newspapers and magazines will make a very good ________. A. benefit B. interest C. advantage D. profit 5) I came here for nothing else but to see you ________. A. purpose B. on purpose C. to the purpose D. for the purpose 6) Father’s smile ______ that he had forgiven the child, so the child became at ease again. A. implied B. inferred C. impressed D. improved 7) The committee ______ of men of widely different views. A. is composed B. is consisted C. is concerned D. is contained 8) This book is ______ to be read. A. worthy B. worth C. worthwhile D. worthless D A C D B A A A 2. Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word or phrase from the table. Each word or phrase can be used only once. Change the form where necessary. figure attempt justify issue imply look down on combine…with pick up I don’t understand how you can ________ spending money on space exploration when there are hungry children in the world. 2) The boys ___________to leave for camping but were stopped by their parents. 3) We must ________out how to solve the problem. 4) Mary ___________ the basics of Chinese very quickly because she used the language at every opportunity. 5) The fact that nobody answered the telephone ________ that the family are out. 6) Some films ________education _____ recreation. 7) I bought the novel the day after its ________. 8) All people with the sense of justice will ___________ such conduct as that. justify attempted figure picked up implies combine with issue look down on 3. Directions: Give the correct form of the word according to the indication in the brackets. Then complete the sentences using the right form of each word. Use each word only once. economy (a.) purposeful (n.) illustrate (n.) profit (a.) combine (n.) imply (n.) constitution (v.) justification (v.) economical purpose illustration profitable combination implication constitute justify 1)A small car is more ___________ than a large one, because it uses less petrol. 2)The fact that he annoyed you does not ________ your treating him in that way. 3)She spent a ________ day cleaning the house thoroughly. 4)The scientist cited vivid instances in ________ of his theory. 5)Listening, speaking, reading, then writing _______ the fundamental order in language learning. 6)After the general election, a ___________ of parties formed the new government. 7)His ________ was to graduate from medical school and become a great surgeon. 8)He smiled, but the ___________ was that he didn’t believe me. economical justify profitable illustration constitute combination purpose implication 4. Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, with the word or phrase given in the brackets. 1.我们试着爬那座山，结果失败了。 (in an attempt to) We failed in an attempt to climb the mountain. 2.今天只有一个医生值班，另一位下班了。(on duty) Only one doctor is on duty today, the other doctor is off duty. 3) 接下来工人们所面临的问题就是工资问题。(issue) The next big issue the workers are faced with is the problem of wages. 4) 在你看来这很重要，但对我来说只是小事一桩。(point of view) From your point of view this is very important, but from mine it is only a small matter. 5) 这博物馆很值得一去。(be worthy of) The museum is quite worthy of a visit. Language Points: Seeing this an Indian attendant on duty immediately picked it up for him. Having retrieved his coin, Li Ka-shing surprisingly gave the attendant 100 dollars as a reward. 分词作状语,表示原因，同前面seeing this 译文:一名印度籍值班人员见到，立即代他拾起。李嘉诚收回该硬币后，竟给他100美元酬 谢。 作后置定语，修饰attendant 指的是李嘉诚钱掉在地上，捡起来这件事 If the attendant hadn’t picked up the coin, it would have rolled into the gutter and the two dollars would have disappeared from the world. 译文:如果这个值班人员不拾起这2美元，让它滚到坑里，这2美元便会在世上消失。 此句用了虚拟语气，表示假设的情况与过去事实相反。此时，从句一般用过去完成式，主句中谓语用“would (should, might, could) ， have done ”结构。 Examples: If I hadn’t run out of ink, I might have finished writing the paper. 要是还有墨水的话，我就可能写完那篇论文了。 2) If you had hurried, you would have caught the train. 如果你快一点的话，你就赶上火车了。 It also exemplifies his way of thinking; that is, he judges whether an individual’s action is justified by determining whether it increases or decreases the total net income of society. 指代上文中出现的“this incident”。 指代“an individual’s action” 译文:这件小事也说明了他的思维方式，这就是用社会总净值的增损来判断个人行为合理与否。 插入语，等于that is to say，意为:也就是说 We shouldn’t look down on this way of considering the total net income of society—it is a big issue concerning the wealth and strength of the nation. 指的是上一段中提出的李嘉诚的理财哲学。 指的是上文中的this way of „。 介词短语作定语修饰a big issue。 译文:不要小看了着眼社会总净值的思维方式，这是关系到国家富强的大问题。 The contribution individuals make to society in pursuing their own good is greater than that made by individuals attempting to benefit society. 译文:人以自身利益为出发点对社会的贡献，要比试图改善社会的人的贡献大。 这句话的主要句子结构是the contribution is greater than that，that是关系代词，代指the contribution。其中individuals make to society in pursuing their own good是定语从句，修饰contribution，in pursuing their own good是介词短语作方式状语，修饰make。made by individuals作后置定语，修饰that, attempting to benefit society作伴随状语修饰individual。 Traditional Chinese society was one in which people did “not worry about poverty, but rather about the uneven distribution of wealth. 译文:中国传统社会是一个“不患寡而患不均”的社会。 指的是one society 是定语从句，修饰one。 When others become better off, I will try all I can to make them worse off, although such an action will bring me no benefit. 指的是上文中I will try all I can to make them worse off 译文:别人好了，我要想办法让他不好，虽然这样做我也没利。 The result of such infighting is that a penniless me and equally penniless others together constitute a poor society in which the poverty is evenly distributed. 译文:“内耗”的结果就是没有“利”的我和没有“利”的别人组成了一个平均型的“寡” 的社会。 指的是前文提到的 I will try all I can to make them worse off。 是定语从句，其先行词为a poor society。 Those who make or sell counterfeit goods may make a profit, but the waste of resources and manpower caused by counterfeiting will eventually lead to a decrease of the total net income of society. who引导的定语从句修饰those 作后置定语，修饰the waste 译文:制假贩假的人可能获利，但假货造成的资源和人力的浪费，最终造成的是社会总净值 的减少。 A society composed of those who have become rich through counterfeiting and all the rest who have been deprived of their wealth is a poor society in which poverty is unevenly distributed. 译文:一部分借此(制假贩假)先富起来的人和其他被剥夺了财富的人组成的是一个不平均 的“寡”的社会。 本句的主要结构是a society is a poor society。composed of„have been deprived of their wealth是后置定语，修饰a society。 those who have become rich through „和all the rest who„ 作定语中的并列宾语。in which poverty is unevenly distributed是定语从句，修饰a poor society。 His mentality, which is at variance with both traditional Chinese culture and the culture of an unregulated market economy, is worthy of our deep reflection. 译文:他的心态和传统文化不相容，也和不规范的市场经济文化不相容，值得我们好好揣摩。 本句的主干成分是His mentality is worthy of our deep reflection。中间是which引导的非限制 性定语从句，修饰mentality。 be at variance意为“与„„不相容”。 Reading comprehension: 1.Why did Li Ka-shing give 100 dollars to the attendant who helped him pick up the two-dollar coin? Answer: Because he thought if the attendant hadn’t picked up the coin, the two dollars would have disappeared from the world. The attendant could spend the 100 dollars for some useful purpose. And money should be used, not wasted. 2. How did Li Ka-shing judge whether an individual’s action is reasonable or not? Answer: By determining whether it increases or decreases the total net income of society. 3. According to the passage, how will the total net income of society increase? Answer: When one’s own “interest” is combined with the “interest” of others, the total net income of society will certainly increase and the nation will of course become wealthy and powerful. 4. What kind of society is the traditional Chinese society? Answer: Traditional Chinese society was one in which people did “not worry about poverty, but rather about the uneven distribution of wealth. 5. How does the author comment on the phenomenon of producing counterfeit goods? Answer: It is to be considered undesirable. Those who make or sell counterfeit goods may make a profit, but the waste of resources and manpower caused by counterfeiting will eventually lead to a decrease of the total net income of society. We should take actions to fight against it.