需要翻译的00

需要翻译的00 轴承套圈冷辗扩成形的关键性技术研究 A Key Technical Study on the Cold Rolling of Bearing Rings 摘 要 Abstract 环件冷辗扩是种先进的精密成形技术，它是借助辗环机和模具形成的 孔型使环件产生壁厚减薄、直径扩大、截面一次辗扩成形的塑性加工工 艺，。冷辗扩具有节约材料、使沟槽金属纤维连续，提高零件抗腐蚀能力 和疲劳强度、减小噪声、降低成本、提高生产效率等优点。因此，冷辗扩 加工技术被广泛应用于加工各类轴承套圈、齿圈、管道接头等精密无缝环 件。 The cold rolling technology of rings is an advanced precise forming technology. It is a plastic processing technology which uses the rolling mill and die profile to decrease the thickness and enlarge the diameter of the ring, and shape the section once. It has many advantages，such as saving materials, making the trench metal fiber continual, improving the corrosion resistance and the fatigue strength of the components, reducing noises and costs and raising the production efficiency. Therefore, the technology has been widely applied to processing various precise seamless rings such as bearing ring，gear ring and pipe junction. 目前，矩形截面环件冷辗扩理论研究已经比较成熟，实际生产也比较 成功，而异型截面环件由于结构复杂，对其冷辗扩加工技术研究还比较滞 后，实际生产过程中还存在诸多的问题。本文以深沟球轴承内圈为研究对 象，从理论、数值模拟、实验等方面对其冷辗扩成形关键性技术进行了深 入的研究。本文主要研究内容如下: At present，research on rectangular cross-section ring’s rolling theory theoretical research on the cold rolling of rectangular cross-section rings has grown relatively mature, and practical production is also successful. Because of the complex structure of irregular cross-section ring, the research on its cold ring rolling is rather backward，and there are many technical problems during its production process. Thus, this paper does a detailed research into the crucial technology of the cold rolling of the deep groove ball bearing is related to the study of crucial technology of cold rolling for deep groove ball bearing inner race from by theory，numerical simulation and experiments. The main content of this paper is as follows: (1) 建立有限元模型。对冷辗扩过程中环件的咬入条件、锻透条件 等进行分析，确定其工艺参数。利用刚塑性有限元理论，以有限元分析软 件DEFORM-3D为平台，充分考虑材料、摩擦等条件，建立深沟球轴承内圈 冷辗扩有限元模型。 (1) The FEM model is established. The technological parameters are chosen via analysing the bite conditions and Penetration conditions during the cold rolling process of the ring. Then by using rigidity-plastic finite element theory and fully considering material and friction conditions sufficient, the FEM model of the cold rolling of the deep groove ball bearing inner race ring is established based on the DEFORM-3D software. (2) 通过对深沟球轴承内圈冷辗扩过程进行有限元模拟，分析该过 程中各个变形阶段的应变场、应力场以及金属流动规律，研究内圈冷辗扩 变形机理，找出缺陷产生的原因，为工艺参数的研究奠定基础。 (2) Through the finite element simulation research on the cold rolling process of deep groove ball bearing inner ring, the strain field, stress field and metal flow law of each deformation stage of the cold rolling process are analyzed, research on deformation mechanism of the inner ring cold rolling is done and the reason why flaws occur are found out, which thus lay a foundation for the research on technological parameters. (3) 研究主要工艺参数对深沟球轴承内圈冷辗扩成形质量的影响， 即驱动辊转速、芯辊进给速度以及宽径比对宽展和直径增长速度的影响规 律，从而来选择合理地选择工艺参数，以保证冷辗扩成形质量及稳定性， 为工艺参数的优化提供理论基础。 (3) The influence of main technological parameters on the forming quality of cold rolling of the deep groove ball bearing inner ring is studied, that is, to research (rules of 如 果是研究一个对另一个的影响规律就加上，据“即”之前的那句只是参数对质量的 影响) the effect that the rotational rate of the driving roller, the feed rate of the idle roller and the wide-diameter ratio have on the width spread and the increment speed of the diameter. In this way, technological parameters can be decided reasonably to ensure the forming quality and stability of the cold rolling and thus to provide theoretical basis for the optimization of technological parameters. 怎么都是主动语态(上一段也是)，我认为 不行，书面语一般都要有主语吧，所以全改被动语态了。 Study the main technological parameter influence on forming quality of cold rolling of deep groove ball bearing inner race. That is to say, research the influence of the rotational rate of driving roller, feed rate of idle roller and wide-diameter ratio on the rules of width spread and the increment speed of diameter. Thus, ensure the forming quality and stability of cold rolling through chooses technological parameter reasonably. Provide basic theory for optimization of technological parameter. (4) 研究主要工艺参数对深沟球轴承内圈冷辗扩的力能参数影响， 即驱动辊转速、芯辊进给速度以及宽径比对辗扩力和辗扩力矩的影响规 律，为辗环机的选择或设计提供参考依据。 (4) The impact that main technological parameters have on the mechanical parameters of cold rolling of deep groove ball bearing inner ring is studied. That is to say, (the rules of同上) the influence of the rotational rate of the driving roller, the feed rate of the idle roller and the wide-diameter ratio on the rolling force and rolling torque is researched to provide a reference for choosing or designing the rolling mill. Study the main technological parameter influence on mechanical parameters of cold rolling of deep groove ball bearing inner race. That is to say, research the influence of rotational rate of driving roller, feed rate of idle roller and wide-diameter ratio on the rules of rolling force and rolling torque. Provide a reference for choosing or designing rolling mill. (5) 对深沟球轴承内圈冷辗扩进行实验，通过对数值模拟与实验过 程中的成形效果、直径增长速度以及辗扩力矩的对比，验证内圈冷辗扩有 限元模拟的正确性。 (5) Experiment on cold rolling of the deep groove ball bearing inner ring is done. Comparing the deformation effect, increment speed of the diameter and the rolling torque of the numerical simulation with those of the experiment, the reliability of the numerical simulation is validated. Experimented on cold rolling of deep groove ball bearing inner race. Through compared the deformation result, increment speed of diameter and rolling torque of numerical simulation with Experiment’s, which validates the reliability of the numerical simulation. 关键词:轴承内圈，冷辗扩，数值模拟，成形机理，工艺参数 Key Words:Bearing inner race ring(以前都这么用的，而且inner ring [机] 内圈， 内环inner race内座圈;内套;星型套, cold rolling, numerical simulation, deformation mechanism, technological parameter 图1.4 轴承套圈典型加工工艺 Fig. l.4 Typical processing technique (如果不止一个工艺就加s) of bearing rings 图2.1 成形过程仿真流程 Fig.2.1 Simulation process of forming process 图2.6 环件辗扩咬入模型 Fig.2.6 The bite model of the ring rolling :C图2.7 GCr15在20下的材料本构关系 :CFig.2.7 the constitutive relation of GCr15 at 20 图2.8 深沟球轴承内圈冷辗扩有限元模型 Fig.2.8 The finite element model of cold rolling of the deep groove ball bearing inner ring 图2.9 毛坯网格的划分 Fig.2.9 Blank grid division 图3.1 压紧变形阶段的应变场 Fig.3.1 The strain field of the pressure deformation stage 图3.9 跟踪面和跟踪点的选取 Fig.3.9 Selection of the tracking surface and tracking point 图3.10 金属轴向流动相对位移 Fig.3.10 The relative displacement of metal axial flow 图4.2 不同转速下冷辗扩成品的截面对比 Fig.4.2 The comparison of the section of cold rolling product at different rotational rates of the driver roller 不同驱动辊转速下 4.2 不同驱动辊转速模拟过程中各时刻的内圈对比 Tab.2.1 comparison of inner rings at different rotational rates of the driver roller in simulation process 图4.9 不同驱动辊转速下环件平均直径的变化曲线 Fig.4.9 change curve of the average diameter at different rotational rates of the driver roller 图6.3 模拟成品与实验成品的对比图 Fig.6.3 collation map between simulation product and experimental product 模拟和实验中冷辗扩内圈各个时刻的形状对比图 Collation map of inner rings’ shapes of cold rolling at different time in simulation and experiment 模拟和实验中内圈直径增长曲线对比图 Collation map of the increment curve of inner rings’ diameter in simulation and experiment 模拟时的辗扩力矩与实验时的辗扩力矩对比图 Collation map of rolling torques in simulation and experiment