医政处201133195115基础护理学

医政处201133195115基础护理学 综合模拟1 一、选择题 (每题1分，共40分) 1(国际护士节定在下列哪个时间 A(南丁格尔创办世界第一所护校时间 B(南丁格尔获奖时间C(南丁格尔诞生日 D(南丁格尔去世时间 E(以上都不是 2(静脉输液利用的是 A(负压作用 B(虹吸作用 C(液体静压 D(空吸作用 E(以上都不是 3(输液前向病人嘱咐 A(喝水 B(吃些东西 C(排尿 D(下床活动 E(不要外出 4(扶助病人上下平车时，推车至床尾使平车与床尾成 A(锐角 B(直角 C(钝角 D(平行 E(任意角度 5(护理程序的最初阶段是 A(评估 B(诊断 C(计划 D(实施 E(评价 6(男性尿道有哪三个狭窄 A(尿道内口，膜部及尿道外口 B(球部，前列腺及舟状窝C(前尿道，膀胱颈 D(膀胱三角区 E(以上都不是 7(鼻饲操作过程中，下列不妥的是 A(每次鼻饲量不超过200ml B(应检查胃管是否通畅C(注入少量温开水，以检查胃管是否在胃内 D(如灌入药物，先将药片研碎溶解E(拔管时将胃管末端夹紧拔到咽喉处宜快速 8(0.1%苯扎溴铵溶液浸泡器械时为了防锈可加入 A(1~2%碳酸氢钠 B(0.2~0(5%过氧乙酸C(1?1000高锰酸钾 D(0.5%亚硝酸钠 E(75%乙醇 9(进行尸体护理时，做法错误的是 A(放低头部 B(合上眼睑 C(填塞孔道 D(用绷带托下颌 E(擦净尸体 10(把“nurse”创译为护士是在下列哪个组织的第一次代大会正式宣布 A(中华护理学会 B(中华护士会C(中华护士协会 D(中华护士学会 E(中华护理协会 11(我国第一所护校成立的时间和地点是 A(1887年、上海 B(1888年、福州C(1888年、上海 D(1887年、福州 E(1889年、福州 12(浸泡肝炎病人使用后的金属器械应选择 A(0.5%过氧乙酸 B(1%过氧乙酸C(0.5%苯扎溴铵 D(70%乙醇 E(2%漂白粉水溶液 13(护理学是以自然科学和社会科学相互渗透的一门 A(以技术操作为主的科学 B(从事生活护理的科学C(医疗的辅助科学 D(综合性应用科学 E(临床护理科学 14(须装在密封瓶中保存的药物是 A(苯巴比妥 B(氨茶碱 C(胃复安 D(三溴片 E(胎盘球蛋白 15(氧气压力表上的指针降至多少，即不可再用 A(0.5kg/cm2 B(2 kg/cm2 C(3 kg/cm2 D(5 kg/cm2 E(6.5 kg/cm2 16(脉搏短绌病人测量脉搏的方法是 A(一人测脉率，一人测心率，各测1min B(先测心率，再测脉率，可一人完成 C(二人均测心率和脉率，可互相核对D(一人测心率，一人测脉率，两人同时开始测量 advantages, facing the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Shandong peninsula, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area, targeted investment promotion several times. Industry-led unit and various town streets are developing detailed promotion plans, the basis of what is specific to each industry, has formed a kind of scale, need to bring in the kind of projects each town street has the kind of resources, what location, focus on the development of the kind of industries. Four stroke technology and science. Determinants of technology is the County's economic development through scientific and technological innovation, improve product value-added and improve economic competitiveness, is the inevitable way to achieve leapfrog development. Talent is the city center city's first resource, is the primary industry development, and revitalization of the social protection. So, in terms of skills: to catch ... Competitive. Encouraging enterprises to actively undertake science and technology projects, strengthening research cooperation, using advanced technology to increase the added value of their products to ensure that introduction of transforming scientific and technological achievements during the year ... ... New research enterprises ... ... Home, creating innovative platforms ... ... Generic classifier. In: first, we must strengthen the cultivation of talent, efforts to increase vocational education and training and meet the basic demand of enterprise development. Then introduced a number of the county needed scarce education, health professionals, meet social development needs to invest more in machinery, pharmaceutical manufacturing research and development in higher education, such as the introduction of talent to meet the need. Third, we must rely on ... ... Post-doctoral workstation, ... ... Food research station platform, to the XX University to find experts E(两人不同时间，反复测量，分别记录 17(为防止吸入性肺炎或窒息的发生，对全麻术后呕吐者应 A(头向前倾 B(头抬高15? C(头向后倾 D(保持头部水平位 E(头偏向一侧 18(近代护理学的形成是从哪个世纪中叶开始的 A(16世纪 B(17世纪 C(18世纪 D(19世纪 E(20世纪 19(可供给病人水和热量的溶液是 A(5%,10%葡萄糖注射液 B(0.9%氯化钠溶液C(50%葡萄糖注射液 D(水解蛋白 E(各种代血浆 20(低浓度、低流量，持续给氧适用于 A(慢性肺心病，二氧化碳潴留 B(急性肺水肿，急性一氧化碳中毒C(脑血管意外 D(惊厥 E(昏迷 21(住院处的护理管理不包括 A(预先通知病区以准备接收病人B(办理入院手续C(对一般病人进行卫生处置 D(根据病情采用适当方法送病人入病房E(向病人介绍病区环境、规章等情况 22(良好的医疗环境不具有的功能是 A(利于病人接受治疗 B(利于病人心理调节 C(利于病人减轻痛苦 D(利于增进病人健康E(利于病人康复 23(病人发热一周，体温高低不一，日差在1?以上，但最低仍高于正常，可见于 A(伤寒 B(疟疾 C(感冒 D(风湿病 E(败血症 24(评估病人健康状况，预见病人需要的理论依据是 A(系统论 B(解决问题论C(人的基本需要论 D(信息交流论 E(方法论 25(在测血压的过程中，关闭血压计气门，充气至肱动脉音消失再升高 A(5,10mmHg B(10,20mmHg C(20,30mmHg D(30,40mmHg E(40,50mmHg 26(属于长期备用医嘱的是 A(速尿 5mg ，im，stB(哌替啶50mg，im，q6h，prnC(安眠酮0.2mg，po，qn，sos D(庆大霉素8万单位，im，bidE(棕色合剂10ml，po，tid 27(处理灭头虱用物，下列方法不妥的是 A(隔离衣------高压蒸气灭菌B(治疗巾------烈日曝晒6hC(篦子上的棉花----焚烧 D(梳子------浸泡于消毒液中E(患者衣服-------煮沸消毒 28(不属于客观资料的是 A(面色紫绀 B(心律不齐 C(呼吸困难 D(体温不生 E(感到恐惧 29(压疮的淤血红润期的临床表现为 A(皮肤为紫红色 B(局部有红、肿、热、触痛C(局部有小水泡 D(局部有渗出 E(有溃疡形成 30(鼻出血时止血有效的方法是 A(冰帽 B(冰槽 C(冰枕 D(冷湿敷 E(化学致冷袋 31(护理程序的框架是 A(人的基本需要论 B(系统论C(解决问题论 D(信息交流论 E(方法论 32(从事护理工作最基本条件是具有良好的职业 A(习惯 B(作风 C(道德 D(纪律 E(理想 33(不属于基础护理学内容的是 A(临床护理 B(常见病的护理 C(病情观察 D(危重病人的抢救E(基本治疗与消毒、防疫、消毒隔离 34(患者叶某，静脉输液一周，今见右侧上臂沿静脉走向出现条索状的红线，肿胀，疼痛，用乙醇热湿敷，其 advantages, facing the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Shandong peninsula, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area, targeted investment promotion several times. Industry-led unit and various town streets are developing detailed promotion plans, the basis of what is specific to each industry, has formed a kind of scale, need to bring in the kind of projects each town street has the kind of resources, what location, focus on the development of the kind of industries. Four stroke technology and science. Determinants of technology is the County's economic development through scientific and technological innovation, improve product value-added and improve economic competitiveness, is the inevitable way to achieve leapfrog development. Talent is the city center city's first resource, is the primary industry development, and revitalization of the social protection. So, in terms of skills: to catch ... Competitive. Encouraging enterprises to actively undertake science and technology projects, strengthening research cooperation, using advanced technology to increase the added value of their products to ensure that introduction of transforming scientific and technological achievements during the year ... ... New research enterprises ... ... Home, creating innovative platforms ... ... Generic classifier. In: first, we must strengthen the cultivation of talent, efforts to increase vocational education and training and meet the basic demand of enterprise development. Then introduced a number of the county needed scarce education, health professionals, meet social development needs to invest more in machinery, pharmaceutical manufacturing research and development in higher education, such as the introduction of talent to meet the need. Third, we must rely on ... ... Post-doctoral workstation, ... ... Food research station platform, to the XX University to find experts 浓度宜用 A(25% B(35% C(50% D(70% E(95% 35(输液过程中，病人出现寒战，体温高达40?,41?，并有恶心呕吐，头痛，脉速等表现，你考虑是出现了 A(溶血反应 B(发热反应C(过敏反应 D(空气栓塞 E(急性肺水肿 36(患者方某，女性，留中段尿作细菌培养，下列叙述错误的是 A(在膀胱充盈时进行 B(清洁外阴方法同导尿术C(铺洞巾 D(用无菌试管接中段尿 E(接尿量5ml 37(患者马某，女，76岁，患心肌梗死，卧床4周，护士为其洗发，突然患者感到胸痛，心悸，面色苍白，出冷汗，此时护士应立即 A(请家属协助洗发，并立即报告医生B(加快操作速度完成洗发C(边洗头发边通知医生 D(鼓励患者再坚持片刻E(停止操作，让患者平卧，吸氧，立即与医生联系 38(某肺炎患者刚出院，病床单元处理不妥的是 A(拆下被服送洗 B(垫褥、棉胎置于日光下曝晒C(痰杯、便盆浸泡于消毒液中 D(病床单元用消毒溶液擦拭 E(立即铺成暂空床 39(患者王某，上呼吸道感染，腋下温度39?，脉搏110次/min，强而有力，呼吸25次/min，下列判断正确的是 A(中度热，速脉，呼吸增快B(中度热，速脉，洪脉，呼吸增快 C(高热，速脉，洪脉，呼吸在正常范围D(高热，洪脉，呼吸增快 E(过高热，速脉，洪脉，呼吸增快 (患者张某，女，30岁，乳腺癌刚入院，常哭泣，焦虑万分。首选的护理措施是 40 A(注射镇静剂 B(通知主管医生C(通知家属 D(允许家属陪伴 E(让患者倾诉其不安，然后给予适当的解释诱导和安慰 二、名词解释(每题2分，共10分) 1(无菌技术 2(消毒法 3(被迫卧位 4(导尿术 5(急诊科(室) 三、填空题(每空1分，共15分) 1(无菌盘的有效期不超过 ;已开盖的无菌溶液有效期为 ;已开包取过物品的无菌包有效期为 。 2(浸泡无菌持物钳的液面应浸没持物钳轴节以上 cm或镊子的 处。 3(长期留置导尿者易产生 或 ，故应鼓励病人多 ，以利排尿，并鼓励病人经常 ，如发现尿液 、 或应行膀胱冲洗。 4(软组织挫伤或扭伤前三天，禁止用 ，因热会促进血液循环，可增加皮下及 。 四、简答题(每题5分，共25分) 1(怎样运用无痛注射技术, 2(制定护理目标应注意什么, 3(铺床法有几种,各有何目的, 4(哪些情况下，需行导尿术, 5(为什么要对病人进行皮肤护理, advantages, facing the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Shandong peninsula, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area, targeted investment promotion several times. Industry-led unit and various town streets are developing detailed promotion plans, the basis of what is specific to each industry, has formed a kind of scale, need to bring in the kind of projects each town street has the kind of resources, what location, focus on the development of the kind of industries. Four stroke technology and science. Determinants of technology is the County's economic development through scientific and technological innovation, improve product value-added and improve economic competitiveness, is the inevitable way to achieve leapfrog development. Talent is the city center city's first resource, is the primary industry development, and revitalization of the social protection. So, in terms of skills: to catch ... Competitive. Encouraging enterprises to actively undertake science and technology projects, strengthening research cooperation, using advanced technology to increase the added value of their products to ensure that introduction of transforming scientific and technological achievements during the year ... ... New research enterprises ... ... Home, creating innovative platforms ... ... Generic classifier. In: first, we must strengthen the cultivation of talent, efforts to increase vocational education and training and meet the basic demand of enterprise development. Then introduced a number of the county needed scarce education, health professionals, meet social development needs to invest more in machinery, pharmaceutical manufacturing research and development in higher education, such as the introduction of talent to meet the need. Third, we must rely on ... ... Post-doctoral workstation, ... ... Food research station platform, to the XX University to find experts 五、论述题(每题5分，共10分) 1(心脏病患者输液时，出现呼吸困难，烦躁不安，咯粉红色泡沫痰，两肺可闻湿啰音。请问:病人目前出现的现象为何种并发症,给氧时应注意什么, 2(休克病人应如何测量血压,为什么, 综合模拟试题1参考 一、单项选择题 1C 2C 3C 4C 5A 6A 7C 8 D 9A 10D 11B 12C 13D 14D 15D 16D 17E 18D 19A 20A 21E 22D 23E 24C 25C 26B 27B 28 E 29B 30D 31B 32C 33B 34E 35B 36C 37E 38E 39D 40E 二、名词解释 1(无菌技术:在执行医疗、护理的过程中，防止一切微生物侵入机体和保持无菌物品及无菌区域不被污染的操作和管理的方法。 2(消毒法:是指杀灭微生物繁殖体，所采用的物理或化学药物的方法。 3(被迫卧位:病人意识存在，也有运动能力，由于疾病的影响，被迫采取的卧位。 4(导尿术:是用无菌导尿管自尿道插入膀胱引出尿液的方法。 5(急诊科(室):是医院抢救危重病人的场所。 三、填空题 1(4h 24h 24h 2(0.1~0.2%苯扎溴铵 2~3cm 1/2 (尿道结石 感染 饮水 更换卧位 浑浊 沉淀 结晶 3 4(热疗 出血 疼痛 四、简答题 1(答:分散病人注意力，去除病人心理顾虑;取合适体位，使肌肉松弛;做到“两快一慢”;刺激性强的药液应选择长针头、深注射;同时注射多种药物时先弱后强或先小后大。 2(答:?目标应是护理活动的结果，而非是护理活动本身;?目标应有明确的针对性;?目标切实可行，并在护理职责范围内;?目标应与医疗工作相协调;?目标应具体，可观察、可测量。 3((1)有三种:备用床、暂空床、麻醉床 (2)?备用床:保持病室清洁，准备接收新病人。?暂空床:保持病室清洁，迎接新病人，或供给暂时离床活动的病人使用。?麻醉床:便于接受和护理麻醉手术后的病人;使其安全、舒适，预防并发症;并保护被褥不被伤口渗出液或呕吐物污染。 4(答:?自膀胱导出不受污染的尿标本，作细菌培养;?测膀胱容量压力，检查残余尿容量，鉴别尿闭及尿潴留，以助诊断;?为尿潴留者放出尿液，以减轻痛苦;?盆腔内器官手术前，排空膀胱，避免手术中误伤;?昏迷、尿失禁或会阴有损伤时，保留导尿管可以保持局部干燥，清洁。?某些泌尿系统疾病或手术，为促使膀胱功能的恢复及切口的愈合，常需作留置导尿;?抢救休克或重危病人，正确记录尿量、比重，以观察肾功能。 5(答:(1)皮肤对机体来讲是天然屏障，保护机体使任何微生物不能侵入，皮肤具有代谢、排泄等生理作用，但皮肤一旦损伤就会给机体带来损失。 (2)当患病时，皮肤的保护、调节、代谢和感觉等功能减弱或丧失，对一些废物或外界粘附在表皮的尘埃，不能及时清除，使之停留在皮肤上，易感染而造成压疮。 五、论述题 1(答:(1)并发循环负荷过重(肺水肿) advantages, facing the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Shandong peninsula, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area, targeted investment promotion several times. Industry-led unit and various town streets are developing detailed promotion plans, the basis of what is specific to each industry, has formed a kind of scale, need to bring in the kind of projects each town street has the kind of resources, what location, focus on the development of the kind of industries. Four stroke technology and science. Determinants of technology is the County's economic development through scientific and technological innovation, improve product value-added and improve economic competitiveness, is the inevitable way to achieve leapfrog development. Talent is the city center city's first resource, is the primary industry development, and revitalization of the social protection. So, in terms of skills: to catch ... Competitive. Encouraging enterprises to actively undertake science and technology projects, strengthening research cooperation, using advanced technology to increase the added value of their products to ensure that introduction of transforming scientific and technological achievements during the year ... ... New research enterprises ... ... Home, creating innovative platforms ... ... Generic classifier. In: first, we must strengthen the cultivation of talent, efforts to increase vocational education and training and meet the basic demand of enterprise development. Then introduced a number of the county needed scarce education, health professionals, meet social development needs to invest more in machinery, pharmaceutical manufacturing research and development in higher education, such as the introduction of talent to meet the need. Third, we must rely on ... ... Post-doctoral workstation, ... ... Food research station platform, to the XX University to find experts (2)给氧时在湿化瓶中加入20~30%的乙醇，吸氧时要给予高流量 (4~6L/min)的氧气吸入。 2(答:(1)应做到“四定”。即定时间、定部位、定体位和定血压计。 (2)因为血压受多种因素的影响而变化，如傍晚时血压高于清晨;精神紧张或运动后血压暂时性升高;右上肢 血压高于左上肢;下肢血压高于上肢等。另外，血压计的液态汞量不足、橡胶管漏气等因素也可造成测量值的 误差，所以做到“四定”可保证测量的可比性和准确性，有利于病情的观察。 综合模拟试题2 一、单项选择题(每题1分，共30分) 1(护士在为病人做导尿术时应及时用屏风加以遮挡，以满足病人何种需要: A(安全的需要 B(刺激的需要 C(爱与归属的需要 D(尊重的需要 E(自我实现的需要 2(对压力的适应层次不包括下列哪项: A(生理层次 B(社会文化层次 C(心理层次 D 技术层次 E(经济层次 3(“入乡随俗”指的是适应过程的: A(地理适应 B(心理适应 C(技术适应 D(文化适应 E(专业适应 4(第三线防卫是指: A(生理防卫 B(心理防卫 C(正确对待压力 D(自力救助 E(专业辅助 5(灌肠前未向病人解释而致病人紧张，此压力原属: A(不被重视 B(丧失自尊 C(缺少信息 D(环境陌生 E(疾病威胁 6(世界上第一个颁布护理法的国家是 A(美国 B(英国 C(意大利 D(瑞典 E(中国 7(Orem提出的护理系统理论不包括 A(完全补偿系统 B(部分补偿系统C(支持教育系统 D(完全独立系统 E(ABC均是 8(不属于Roy所指的刺激范围是 A(主要刺激 B(次要刺激 C(相关刺激 D(固有刺激 E(ABD均是 9(护理理论和实践的核心是: A(人 B(环境 C(健康 D(疾病 E(护理 10(王某，男，45岁，因与他人激烈争吵而致心绞痛发作，急诊入院治疗。下列何种因素影响了病人的健康状况: A(环境因素 B(遗传因素 C(心理因素 D(生活方式 E(获得保健设施的可能性 11(灭菌效果最佳的物理灭菌法是 A(燃烧法 B(煮沸消毒法 C(压力蒸汽灭菌法 D(日光暴晒法 E(紫外线照射法 12( 腹膜炎病人采取半坐卧位的主要目的是: A(减轻伤口缝合处的张力 B(减少局部出血 C(使静脉回流减少 D(利于腹腔引流，使感染局限化 E(防止腹部粘连 13(胎膜早破病人应采取的卧位是: A(头低足高位 B(头高足低位 C(中凹位 D(半坐卧位 E(去枕平卧位 advantages, facing the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Shandong peninsula, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area, targeted investment promotion several times. Industry-led unit and various town streets are developing detailed promotion plans, the basis of what is specific to each industry, has formed a kind of scale, need to bring in the kind of projects each town street has the kind of resources, what location, focus on the development of the kind of industries. Four stroke technology and science. Determinants of technology is the County's economic development through scientific and technological innovation, improve product value-added and improve economic competitiveness, is the inevitable way to achieve leapfrog development. Talent is the city center city's first resource, is the primary industry development, and revitalization of the social protection. So, in terms of skills: to catch ... Competitive. Encouraging enterprises to actively undertake science and technology projects, strengthening research cooperation, using advanced technology to increase the added value of their products to ensure that introduction of transforming scientific and technological achievements during the year ... ... New research enterprises ... ... Home, creating innovative platforms ... ... Generic classifier. In: first, we must strengthen the cultivation of talent, efforts to increase vocational education and training and meet the basic demand of enterprise development. Then introduced a number of the county needed scarce education, health professionals, meet social development needs to invest more in machinery, pharmaceutical manufacturing research and development in higher education, such as the introduction of talent to meet the need. Third, we must rely on ... ... Post-doctoral workstation, ... ... Food research station platform, to the XX University to find experts 14(再次使用破伤风抗毒素需重做试敏是指停药超过 A(1天 B( 3天 C( 4天 D( 7天 E(14天 15(可用于肌肉注射的部位是 A(肩峰下1横指 B(髂前上棘与尾骨连线中1/3 C(髂前上棘内三横指 D(大腿中段外侧 E(髂脊最高点与尾骨连线中1/3 16(在溶血反应的第二阶段，最典型的症状是 A(腰背部剧痛、四肢麻木 B(少尿或无尿 C(寒战、发热 D(黄疸、血红蛋白尿 E(胸闷、呼吸急促 17(胆道完全梗阻的病人大便呈: A(果酱样 B(柏油样 C(陶土色 D(淡黄色 E(黄褐色 18(仰卧位时病人最易发生压疮的部位是: A(骶尾部 B(枕骨粗隆 C(肩胛部 D(肘部 E(足跟 19(败血症的常见热型是 A(波浪热 B(间歇热 C(弛张热 D(双峰热 E(不规则热 20(物理降温30分钟后测得的体温，记录在降温前温度的同一纵格内的符号是 A(红点红虚线 B(红圈红虚线 C(蓝点蓝虚线 D(蓝圈蓝虚线 E(蓝圈红虚线 21(血压的生理性变化，错误的叙述是 A(中年以前女性略低于男性 B(白天高于夜间 C(寒冷环境血压上升 D(睡眠不佳时血压可稍升高 E(高热环境中血压可上升 (测血压时袖带缠得过紧可使 22 A(收缩压偏低 B(无影响 C(收缩压偏高 D(舒张压偏高 E(舒张压偏低 23(属于节律异常的脉搏是 A(浮脉 B(绌脉 C(丝脉 D(滑脉 E(洪脉 24(成人插鼻饲管时，测量长度的正确方法是 A(从眉心到剑突 B(从鼻尖到剑突 C(从口到剑突 D(从耳垂到剑突 E(从前发际到剑突 25(面部危险三角区禁用热敷的原因是 A(加速局部肿胀 B(可使体温升高 C(易使皮肤破损 D(使疼痛加剧 E(易致颅内感染 26(伤寒病人灌肠适合的溶液量及液面距肛门的距离是 A(1000ml、30cm B(1000 ml、60 cm C( 500 ml、30 cm D(500 ml、60 cm E(500 ml、40 cm 27(肺水肿病人吸入经20%至30%乙醇的氧气的目的是 A(降低肺泡表面张力 B(消毒吸入的氧气 C(使病人呼吸道湿润 D(使痰液稀释，易咳出 E(降低肺泡内泡沫表面张力 28(输液速度可加快的情况是 A(心脏病 B(老年人 C(输升压药 D(静脉补钾 E(脱水的病人 29(下列哪项是临时医嘱 A(地西泮5mg qd B(半流质饮食 C(吸氧P r n D(明晨肥皂水灌肠 E(半卧位 30(为幽门梗阻病人洗胃采取 A(饭前洗 B(饭后洗 C(饭前4~6h D(饭后4~6h E(无论何时均可 二、名词解释(每题2分，共10分) 1(主动卧位 advantages, facing the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Shandong peninsula, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area, targeted investment promotion several times. Industry-led unit and various town streets are developing detailed promotion plans, the basis of what is specific to each industry, has formed a kind of scale, need to bring in the kind of projects each town street has the kind of resources, what location, focus on the development of the kind of industries. Four stroke technology and science. Determinants of technology is the County's economic development through scientific and technological innovation, improve product value-added and improve economic competitiveness, is the inevitable way to achieve leapfrog development. Talent is the city center city's first resource, is the primary industry development, and revitalization of the social protection. So, in terms of skills: to catch ... Competitive. Encouraging enterprises to actively undertake science and technology projects, strengthening research cooperation, using advanced technology to increase the added value of their products to ensure that introduction of transforming scientific and technological achievements during the year ... ... New research enterprises ... ... Home, creating innovative platforms ... ... Generic classifier. In: first, we must strengthen the cultivation of talent, efforts to increase vocational education and training and meet the basic demand of enterprise development. Then introduced a number of the county needed scarce education, health professionals, meet social development needs to invest more in machinery, pharmaceutical manufacturing research and development in higher education, such as the introduction of talent to meet the need. Third, we must rely on ... ... Post-doctoral workstation, ... ... Food research station platform, to the XX University to find experts 2(无菌技术 3(压力 4(护理诊断 5(危重病人 三、填空题(每空1分，共20分) 1(护理学的基本概念，即: 、 、 和 ，构成了现代护理的框架概念，其中以 为核心。 2(现代护理学的发展可概括为三个阶段:以 为中心的护理阶段、以 为中心的护理阶段、 为中心的护理阶段。 3(紫外线消毒室内空气时，有效距离不超过 ，照射时间为 min，从亮灯 min开始计时。 4(输液反应有 、 、 和 。 5(病人氧疗时应注意做到“四防”即 、 、 和 。 6(小量溶液灌肠溶液的温度为 。 四、简答题(共30分) 1(如何应用无痛注射技术:(4分) 2(溶液不滴常见哪些原因,如何排除,:(10分) 3(尿潴留病人的护理(5分) 4(如何证明胃管是否在胃内(3分) 5(青霉素试敏结果的判断方法(3分) 6(半坐卧位的适应范围(5分) 五、论述题(每题5分，共10分) 1(姜女士，43岁，教师，因肺炎球菌肺炎住院治疗。医嘱青霉素皮试，青霉素800万单位加入0.9%NaCl 500ml静脉滴注，护士评估病人得知李老师从未用过青霉素，青霉素皮试后6min左右，病人诉说皮肤痒，胸闷，继之面色变白，出冷汗，护士立即让其平卧，测其脉搏细弱，106次/min，血压60/40mmHg，神志清楚。 请问:(1)姜女士可能出现什么问题,(1分) (2)护士应怎样处理,(4分) 2(张先生，男46岁，司机。诊断为十二指肠球部溃疡10年，今日出现大呕血，呕血量达1500ml。入院时意识淡漠，面色苍白。 请问:作为一名值班护士你应如何接待他,(5分) 综合模拟试题2答案 一、单项选择题 1D 2E 3D 4E 5C 6B 7D 8C 9A 10C 11C 12D 13A 14D 15D 16D 17C 18A 19C 20B 21E 22A 23B 24E 25E 26C 27E 28E 29D 30D 二、名词解释 1(主动卧位:患者自己采取的卧位。 2(无菌技术:是指在医疗、护理操作中，防止一切微生物侵入人体和防止无菌物品、无菌区域被污染的操作技术 3(压力:是指人体对任何加诸于他的需求所作的非特异性反应。 4(护理诊断:是关于个人、家庭或社区对现存的或潜在的健康问题以及生命过程的反应的一种临床判断。 5(危重病人:病情严重随时可发生生命危险的病人 三、填空题 1(人 环境 健康 护理 人 advantages, facing the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Shandong peninsula, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area, targeted investment promotion several times. Industry-led unit and various town streets are developing detailed promotion plans, the basis of what is specific to each industry, has formed a kind of scale, need to bring in the kind of projects each town street has the kind of resources, what location, focus on the development of the kind of industries. Four stroke technology and science. Determinants of technology is the County's economic development through scientific and technological innovation, improve product value-added and improve economic competitiveness, is the inevitable way to achieve leapfrog development. Talent is the city center city's first resource, is the primary industry development, and revitalization of the social protection. So, in terms of skills: to catch ... Competitive. Encouraging enterprises to actively undertake science and technology projects, strengthening research cooperation, using advanced technology to increase the added value of their products to ensure that introduction of transforming scientific and technological achievements during the year ... ... New research enterprises ... ... Home, creating innovative platforms ... ... Generic classifier. In: first, we must strengthen the cultivation of talent, efforts to increase vocational education and training and meet the basic demand of enterprise development. Then introduced a number of the county needed scarce education, health professionals, meet social development needs to invest more in machinery, pharmaceutical manufacturing research and development in higher education, such as the introduction of talent to meet the need. Third, we must rely on ... ... Post-doctoral workstation, ... ... Food research station platform, to the XX University to find experts 2(疾病 病人 人的健康 3( 2m 30 5~7 4(发热 肺水肿或循环负荷过重 静脉炎 空气栓塞 5( 防热 防油 防火 防震 6( 38度 四、简答题 1( 答:?解除患者思想顾虑，分散注意力，取合适体位。(1分)?做到二快一慢。(1分)?注射刺激性强的药物，选择细长针头，进针要深。(1分)?同时注射多种药物，先注射刺激性弱的药物，再注射刺激性强的药物，同时注意药物配伍禁忌。(1分) 2( 答:?针头滑出血管外:拔出针头另选血管重新穿刺(2分)?针头斜面紧贴血管壁:调整针头位置或肢体位置。(2分)?压力过低:适当提高输液瓶或放低肢体位置。(2分)?针头阻塞:拔出针头更换针头重新穿刺。(2分)?静脉痉挛:局部热敷。(2分) 3(答:心理护理、保护隐私;热敷、按摩;调整体位和姿势;诱导排尿;健康教育、导尿。 4(何证明胃管是否在胃内(3分) 答:?将胃管末端放入水碗内，看是否有气泡冒出，若没有说明在胃内;?向胃管内注入10毫升空气，同时用听诊器在胃部听，若有气过水声说明在肺内;?用注射器直接抽取胃内容物，若有胃内容物抽出，说明在胃内。 5(答:阴性:局部皮丘无变化，周围不红肿，无红晕，无自觉症状。(1分) 阳性:局部皮丘隆起，出现红晕硬块，直径大于1厘米或周围出现伪足，有痒感。严重者出现过敏休克。(2分) 6(答:某些面部及颈部手术后病人;心肺疾患引起呼吸困难的病人;腹腔、盆腔手术后或有炎症的病人;腹部手术后的病人;恢复期体质虚弱的病人。 五、论述题: 1(答:(1)出现了青霉素过敏性休克反应 (2)立即停药，就地抢救，并报告医生，立即将病人平卧并保暖，注射盐酸肾上腺素;建立静脉通路、吸氧;若呼吸停止做气管切开并人工呼吸，若心跳停止应做胸外心脏按压;遵医嘱给药，如地塞米松、抗过敏药物等;观察病人的意识、生命体征并做好记录。 2(答:?将病人安置在危重病室，在床上加铺橡胶单和中单。?立即准备好抢救用物，并报告医生做好抢救准备。?积极配合医生共同进行抢救，做好护理记录。?暂留陪送人员，以便询问病史。 advantages, facing the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Shandong peninsula, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area, targeted investment promotion several times. Industry-led unit and various town streets are developing detailed promotion plans, the basis of what is specific to each industry, has formed a kind of scale, need to bring in the kind of projects each town street has the kind of resources, what location, focus on the development of the kind of industries. Four stroke technology and science. Determinants of technology is the County's economic development through scientific and technological innovation, improve product value-added and improve economic competitiveness, is the inevitable way to achieve leapfrog development. Talent is the city center city's first resource, is the primary industry development, and revitalization of the social protection. So, in terms of skills: to catch ... Competitive. Encouraging enterprises to actively undertake science and technology projects, strengthening research cooperation, using advanced technology to increase the added value of their products to ensure that introduction of transforming scientific and technological achievements during the year ... ... New research enterprises ... ... Home, creating innovative platforms ... ... Generic classifier. In: first, we must strengthen the cultivation of talent, efforts to increase vocational education and training and meet the basic demand of enterprise development. Then introduced a number of the county needed scarce education, health professionals, meet social development needs to invest more in machinery, pharmaceutical manufacturing research and development in higher education, such as the introduction of talent to meet the need. Third, we must rely on ... ... Post-doctoral workstation, ... ... Food research station platform, to the XX University to find experts 综合模拟试题3 一、名词解释(每题3分，共15分) (被迫卧位 1 2(压疮 3(长期医嘱 4(绌脉 5(皮内注射 二、填空题(每空1分，共20分) 1(查对制度中的三查是 查; 查; 查。 2(临终患者通常经历 ( ( ( 和 五个心理反应阶段。 3(写出下列情况的卧位:妊娠胎膜早破时 ; 昏迷病人 ; 灌肠时 ;哮喘持续状态 ;颈椎骨折的病人 。 4(请写出下列内容的正常值:呼吸 次/分;脉搏 次/min;以及血压 mmHg( 5(皮内注射进针角度为 (皮下注射进针角度为 ，肌肉注射进针角度为 ，静脉注射进针角度为 。 三、单项选择题(每题1分， 共35分) 1(临床死亡期的特征是 A(循环衰竭 B(呼吸衰竭C(心跳停止 D(尸斑产生 E(神志不清 2(Dolantin 100mg im st 属于 A(口头医嘱 B(长期医嘱C(临时医嘱 D(临时备用医嘱 E(电话医嘱 3(接住院处通知，有一病员入院，你应准备 A(备用床 B( 暂空床C(麻醉床 D( 诊察床 E(木版床 4(使用平车运送病人时，错误的做法 A(置病员卧于平车中间 B(下坡时，头在低处以防脑缺血 C(推车速度不可过快 D(对骨折病人应在车上垫木板E(输液治疗等不应停止 advantages, facing the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Shandong peninsula, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area, targeted investment promotion several times. Industry-led unit and various town streets are developing detailed promotion plans, the basis of what is specific to each industry, has formed a kind of scale, need to bring in the kind of projects each town street has the kind of resources, what location, focus on the development of the kind of industries. Four stroke technology and science. Determinants of technology is the County's economic development through scientific and technological innovation, improve product value-added and improve economic competitiveness, is the inevitable way to achieve leapfrog development. Talent is the city center city's first resource, is the primary industry development, and revitalization of the social protection. So, in terms of skills: to catch ... Competitive. Encouraging enterprises to actively undertake science and technology projects, strengthening research cooperation, using advanced technology to increase the added value of their products to ensure that introduction of transforming scientific and technological achievements during the year ... ... New research enterprises ... ... Home, creating innovative platforms ... ... Generic classifier. In: first, we must strengthen the cultivation of talent, efforts to increase vocational education and training and meet the basic demand of enterprise development. Then introduced a number of the county needed scarce education, health professionals, meet social development needs to invest more in machinery, pharmaceutical manufacturing research and development in higher education, such as the introduction of talent to meet the need. Third, we must rely on ... ... Post-doctoral workstation, ... ... Food research station platform, to the XX University to find experts 5(腹腔感染后，取半坐卧位的目的是 A(防止呼吸困难 B( 减少出血C(利于引流，使炎症局限 D(减轻疼痛 E( 以上均包括 6( 包扎破伤风病人伤口的敷料，最佳的处理方法是 A(高压灭菌 B( 煮沸法 C(光照法 D(焚烧法 E(浸泡消毒 7(用紫外线灯管照射消毒物品时，错误的是 A(照射前30min清扫卫生 B( 照射20~30minC(距离物品60cm D( 距离物品2m以内 E(从灯亮后开始计时 8(无菌包被生理盐水浸湿应 A(4h内用完 B( 重新灭菌C(12内用完 D(烘干后再用E(24h内用完 9(使用无菌持物器时，错误的做法是 A(每个容器浸泡一把钳子 B( 前端不可触及容器边缘C(只能用于皮肤消毒 D( 取放时均需闭合钳端 E(用于取用无菌物品 10(传染病区中，属清洁区的是 A(走廊 B(医护办公室 C(化验室 D( 浴室 E(值班室 11(流感期间，进行空气消毒的最佳溶液是 A(漂白粉澄清液 B(甲醛液 C(食醋 D(来苏儿 E(乙醇 12(常用的漱口溶液中，哪项用于真菌感染 A(1~3%过氧化氢溶液 B( 1,4%碳酸氢钠溶液 C(0.02%呋喃西林溶液 D( 0.1%醋酸溶液 E(朵贝尔溶液 13( 敌百虫中毒时禁忌采用的洗胃液是 A(盐水 B( 清水C( 高锰酸钾 D( 碳酸氢钠 E(蛋清水 14(败血症的热型是 A(稽留热 B( 弛张热 C(间歇热 D( 不规则热 E(波浪热 15(下列中哪一项不属于高热病员的护理 A(每天测3次温 B( 保暖C(物理降温 D(补充营养与水分 E(卧床休息 16(属于节律异常的脉搏是 A(绌脉 B( 速脉 C(洪脉 D( 丝脉 E(缓脉 17(糖尿病酮症酸中毒的呼吸可呈 A(库斯莫氏呼吸 B 毕奥氏呼吸C(蝉鸣样呼吸 D 鼾声呼吸 E潮式呼吸 18(世界上第一所护士学校创建于 A(1854年，法国 B(1860年，美国C(1856年，英国 D(1860年，英国 E(1888年，中国 19(下列属于治疗饮食的是 A(半流质饮食 B(基本饮食C(低蛋白饮食 D(忌碘饮食 E(普通饮食 20(便潜血试验前三天，可以选用的食物是 A(绿叶蔬菜 B( 豆制品 C(瘦肉 D( 猪肝 E(含铁药物 21(膀胱高度膨胀极度衰弱的病人，首次导尿放出的尿液量，最多不超过 A(200ml B(500ml C(1000ml D(1500ml E(2000ml 22(不属于验证胃管在胃内的方法是: A(注入少量温水 B(抽取胃液C( 注入10ml气体 D(胃管末端置水中看有无气泡 advantages, facing the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Shandong peninsula, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area, targeted investment promotion several times. Industry-led unit and various town streets are developing detailed promotion plans, the basis of what is specific to each industry, has formed a kind of scale, need to bring in the kind of projects each town street has the kind of resources, what location, focus on the development of the kind of industries. Four stroke technology and science. Determinants of technology is the County's economic development through scientific and technological innovation, improve product value-added and improve economic competitiveness, is the inevitable way to achieve leapfrog development. Talent is the city center city's first resource, is the primary industry development, and revitalization of the social protection. So, in terms of skills: to catch ... Competitive. Encouraging enterprises to actively undertake science and technology projects, strengthening research cooperation, using advanced technology to increase the added value of their products to ensure that introduction of transforming scientific and technological achievements during the year ... ... New research enterprises ... ... Home, creating innovative platforms ... ... Generic classifier. In: first, we must strengthen the cultivation of talent, efforts to increase vocational education and training and meet the basic demand of enterprise development. Then introduced a number of the county needed scarce education, health professionals, meet social development needs to invest more in machinery, pharmaceutical manufacturing research and development in higher education, such as the introduction of talent to meet the need. Third, we must rely on ... ... Post-doctoral workstation, ... ... Food research station platform, to the XX University to find experts E(用听诊器在胃部听气过水声 23(给男病人导尿，提起阴茎与腹壁成多少度角 A(30? B(40? C(50? D(60度? E(70? 24(下列那种病人禁忌局部用冷疗 A(高热 B(鼻出血 C(局部血液循环不良 D(牙痛 E(脑外伤 25(不属于高热持续期的临床表现是 A( 颜面潮红 B(皮肤灼热 C( 大量出汗 D( 呼吸脉搏加快 E(口唇干燥 26(大量不保留灌肠应采取 A(仰卧位 B(半卧位 C(俯卧位 D(左侧卧位 E(右侧卧位 27(抢救中病人突然心跳骤停，急救的方法是 A(报告医生 B(静脉输液C(心肺复苏 D(气管切开 E(氧气吸入 28(不属于静脉炎的症状是 A( 沿静脉出现条索状的红线 B(局部组织肿胀 C(伴有高热(无力等全身症状 D(局部伴有疼痛 E(局部感觉灼热 29(下列哪一项不是输液所致肺水肿的临床表现 A(呼吸困难(气促 B(心率加快C( 四肢无力，不能坐起 D( 咳粉红色泡沫样痰 E(有湿啰音 30(输血所致溶血反应开始阶段不包括 A(头部剧痛 B(出现黄疸C(腰背部剧痛 D(恶心(呕吐 E(四肢麻木 31(静脉输液速度过快可导致; A(发热反应 B(急性肺水肿C( 静脉炎 D(溶血反应 E(空气栓塞 32(输液过程中，听诊病人胸前区闻及到“水泡声”，说明发生了 A(发热反应 B(急性肺水肿C(静脉炎 D(空气栓塞 E(溶血反应 33(同时服用下列药物，最后服用的是 A(蛇胆川贝液 B(维生素B1 C(三溴片 D(维生素C E(红霉素片 34(无菌注射器及针头哪部分手可触及 A(乳头 B(针尖 C(活塞 D(针栓 E(针梗 35(注射部位进行皮肤消毒的面积，直径为 A(3cm B(5cm C(6cm D(7cm E(10cm 四、 简答题(每题 4分，共 20分) 1(臀大肌部位进行肌肉注射“十字法”是如何定位的,(4分) 2(青霉素过敏试验为阳性结果的判断指标是什么, (4分) 3(静脉输液时，调节点滴速度的依据是什么,如何进行调节, ( 4分) 4(昏迷病人口腔护理的注意事项有哪些,(4分) 5(测血压时病人应取的正确体位有哪几种, 各应注意什么,(4分) 五、论述题(每题 5分、共10分) 1(刘女士，在进行青霉素过敏试验时出现呼吸急促，面色苍白，出冷汗，脉细弱。测血压85mmHg/ 60mmHg。 请问: 1(发生了什么情况,(1分) 2(你将如何进行现场急救,(4分) 2(郝先生，病人进行静脉输液的过程中，发现溶液不滴。请你考虑可能有哪些原因,(5分) advantages, facing the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Shandong peninsula, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area, targeted investment promotion several times. Industry-led unit and various town streets are developing detailed promotion plans, the basis of what is specific to each industry, has formed a kind of scale, need to bring in the kind of projects each town street has the kind of resources, what location, focus on the development of the kind of industries. Four stroke technology and science. Determinants of technology is the County's economic development through scientific and technological innovation, improve product value-added and improve economic competitiveness, is the inevitable way to achieve leapfrog development. Talent is the city center city's first resource, is the primary industry development, and revitalization of the social protection. So, in terms of skills: to catch ... Competitive. Encouraging enterprises to actively undertake science and technology projects, strengthening research cooperation, using advanced technology to increase the added value of their products to ensure that introduction of transforming scientific and technological achievements during the year ... ... New research enterprises ... ... Home, creating innovative platforms ... ... Generic classifier. In: first, we must strengthen the cultivation of talent, efforts to increase vocational education and training and meet the basic demand of enterprise development. Then introduced a number of the county needed scarce education, health professionals, meet social development needs to invest more in machinery, pharmaceutical manufacturing research and development in higher education, such as the introduction of talent to meet the need. Third, we must rely on ... ... Post-doctoral workstation, ... ... Food research station platform, to the XX University to find experts 综合模拟试题(三)答案 一、名词解释 1(被迫卧位:是指病人意识存在，有活动能力，为了减轻疾病所致的痛苦或因治疗所而被迫采取的卧位。 2(压疮:是指机体局部组织长时间受压，血液循环障碍，局部持续缺血(缺氧、营养不良，而导致的软组织溃烂和坏死。 3(长期医嘱 :有效时间在24h以上，当医生注明停止时间后医嘱失效。 4(绌脉:指脉率少于心率，脉律完全不规则。见于心房纤颤的病人。 5(皮内注射:将少量药液或生物制品注射于表皮和真皮之间的方法。 二、填空题 1(操作前 操作中 操作后 2(头低足高位 去枕仰卧位 侧卧位 端坐位 头高足低位 3(否认期 愤怒期 期 忧郁期 接受期 4(16,20次/分 60,100次/分 90,139/60,89mmHg 5(5? 30,40? 90?或直角 15,30? 三、单项选择题 1C 2C 3B 4B 5C 6D 7E 8B 9C 10E 11C 12B 13D 14B 15A 16A 17A 18D 19C 20B 21C 22A 23D 24C 25C 26D 27C 28C 29C 30B 31B 32D 33A 34D 35B 四、 简答题 1(答:臀裂顶点向左或右作一水平线，然后从髂嵴最高点作一垂直线，取外上1/4，且避开内角。 2(答:局部皮丘隆起，出现红晕硬快，直径大于1厘米，或周围出现伪足、有痒感。严重时可出现过敏性休克。 3(答:?根据病情、年龄、药物的性质调节滴速;?一般成人40,60滴/min，儿童20,40滴/min。 4(答:?牙关紧闭者用开口器张口 禁注入漱口液漱口，防误吸;?棉球不可过湿，以防吸入呼吸道;?擦洗时加紧棉球，每次1个，防棉球遗留口腔内;?擦洗动作宜轻，避免损伤黏膜及牙龈 5(答:?有两种;?一种是仰卧位，血压计0点(肱动脉与心脏在同一个水平面上，平腋中线。?另一种是坐卧位，血压计0点(肱动脉与心脏在同一个水平面上，平第四肋软骨。 五、论述题 1(答:(1)过敏性休克 (2)?立即停药，平卧，就地抢救。?即刻皮下注射0(1%肾上腺素1ml。小儿酌减。症状无缓解，可每隔半h皮下注射或静脉注射0(5ml;? 氧气吸入，呼吸抑制时，行口对口人工呼吸，心脏骤停，行复苏抢救;?密切观察病情，记录R(P(BP(神志和尿量的变化。 2(答:?针头滑出血管外;?针头斜面紧贴血管壁;?针头堵塞;?压力过低;?静脉痉挛。 advantages, facing the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Shandong peninsula, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area, targeted investment promotion several times. Industry-led unit and various town streets are developing detailed promotion plans, the basis of what is specific to each industry, has formed a kind of scale, need to bring in the kind of projects each town street has the kind of resources, what location, focus on the development of the kind of industries. Four stroke technology and science. Determinants of technology is the County's economic development through scientific and technological innovation, improve product value-added and improve economic competitiveness, is the inevitable way to achieve leapfrog development. Talent is the city center city's first resource, is the primary industry development, and revitalization of the social protection. So, in terms of skills: to catch ... Competitive. Encouraging enterprises to actively undertake science and technology projects, strengthening research cooperation, using advanced technology to increase the added value of their products to ensure that introduction of transforming scientific and technological achievements during the year ... ... New research enterprises ... ... Home, creating innovative platforms ... ... Generic classifier. In: first, we must strengthen the cultivation of talent, efforts to increase vocational education and training and meet the basic demand of enterprise development. Then introduced a number of the county needed scarce education, health professionals, meet social development needs to invest more in machinery, pharmaceutical manufacturing research and development in higher education, such as the introduction of talent to meet the need. Third, we must rely on ... ... Post-doctoral workstation, ... ... Food research station platform, to the XX University to find experts