11车险理赔汽车零部 x4EF6;报价实务.pdf

11车险理赔汽车零部 x4EF6;报价实务.pdf 汽车零部件报价实务 第一部分 价格定义 第一章 价格及其类型 一、价格的定义 价格是商品在交换流通过程中，以货币体现的交换价值。汽 车配件的价格就是汽配资源在需求与供应者之间重新分配的重 要的一项变数。影响价格的因素有许多，其中最为主要的是市场 的供求关系、产品的来源、销售渠道以及产品品质等。根据我国 汽车售后维修的市场基本现状，从维修厂的分类上，主要分为 4S店及非4S店，与之相应的汽配价格的分类就自然因销售渠道 分为了4S店价格和普通市场价格。 4S店是指以“四位一体”为核心的汽车特许经营模式，包含整 车销售(Sale)、零配件(Sparepart)、售后服务(Service)、信息 反馈等(Survey)4S店价格多为各品牌主机厂以统一客户销售价 或最高限价的形式体现的，也称光盘价，由各4S店为主要销售 渠道的配件的价格。而普通市场价格则根据产品的来源、品质等 多类共存。根据配件的来源、销售渠道以及产品品质等情况，汽 车后市场配件价格可分为以下几个类型: (一)4S店价格:是指厂商指导价，配件由整车品牌厂商及 其配套厂生产的零配件(原厂件)，并通过其授权的整车营销网 络 渠道销售(4S店)的配件价格。 (二)市场正厂件价格:是指市场零售价，配件为代理商、销 售商等渠道在汽车后市场流通交易的符合国家法规要求的合法 配件流通价格。 (三)OEM件价格(也称为配套厂件价) (四)合格件价格(含品牌件价) (五)下线件价格 (六)副产件价格(高仿件价) solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room (七)拆车件价格(翻新件价) 它们之间的关系如下图所示: 二、价格其他分类 目前汽车后市场的主流市场价格为五类:原厂件市场价、配 套件市场价、合格件市场价、翻新件市场价、其他件市场价。为 了便于使用，通常情况下，价格类型做以下定义: (一)原厂件市场价 指在普通汽配市场销售的，由主机厂授权的配件生产厂生产 的，经检验合格供主机厂装配或售后维修使用的配件的市场销售 价格。原厂配件的特征是一般有的包装，包装上带有汽车公 司的标志和零件的编号。零件本身也带有相应的标识，且做工细 致。 (二)配套件市场价 指由汽车主机厂订制或授权生产配件的配件生产厂，自行向 普通汽配市场销售的订制或授权生产的配件价格。配套件跟原厂 件的最大区别在于，配套件没有带汽车公司的标志和原厂编号的 标准包装。多数只有自己的品牌标识和零件编号。 (三)合格件市场价 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 指由专业的配件生产厂生产的，质量品质较好，得到相关权 威机构认证，取得合格证书的配件的市场价格。合格件通常是根 据其合车度、用材质量标准以及耐用度等方面进行检验，达到标 准的称为合格件。 (四)翻新件市场价 指使用的整车上拆卸的原厂配件，经过翻新后重新流入市场， 作为配件更换使用的配件的市场价格。 (五)其他件市场价 指以上价格类型以外的，以其他各种形式出现的售后维修市 场的配件的价格。 第二部分 定损点选操作 第一章 车险定损标准化点选操作 一、点选标准化工作 总公司通过公司数据应用需求，收集并整理车险定损数 据相关的国际标准、国家标准、行业标准、部颁，制定人保 定损数据标准。其中重点对历史定损数据进行统计分析，选取常 用车型和配件，制定人保乘用车、客车、货车配件模板，确定双 百车型、双百配件考核范围。根据在双百考核中的应用情况，在 今后的工作中将持续修正完善配件模板，逐步扩充双百车型、双 百配件数量，扩大双百考核范围。 为迅速提高数据覆盖面、准确度、标准化和规范化程度，总 公司在定损数据领域引入多家外部合作供应商，各供应商将人保 定损数据标准与各自加工规范对接，依照人保数据要求，对定损 数据进行增补和完善，每月定期发布数据更新包，并确保车型和 配件格式规范、内容准确、100%涵盖双百考核所需数据。 (一)双百考核及双百点选 车险定损标准化点选双百考核是为提高配件价格本地化及 时性、准确性、覆盖率，加强定损点选、减少车型及配件自定义， 而研究制定人保定损数据标准、制定配件标准模板，并据此对车 型、配件数据进行扩充、规范，进而对部分常用车型、部分常用 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 配件的价格本地化情况、定损点选情况进行考核，力争实现100% 价格本地化，100%车型及配件点选，即达成本地化率和点选率 两个百分之百，故称为双百考核，考核范围内的车型称为双百车 型，考核范围内的配件称为双百配件。双百考核的车型和配件范 围，由总公司负责制定并发布。 双百考核指标主要有换件数量点选率、换件价格点选率、换 件金额本地化率、双百车型双百配件本地化率和自动报价率。 1、换件数量点选率 定损完成日期在考核期内，定损方式为修复定损，机构归属 取定损操作机构，含省间通赔，考核车型为双百车型。分子是系 统点选配件数量，系统点选包括供应商数据点选(精友+翱特+ 东升)、分公司维护数据点选，不包括自定义件、模板数据点选 件;分母是全部换件;统计数量时，取配件项目数量而不是个数 合计。 2、换件价格点选率 定损完成日期在考核期内，定损方式为修复定损，机构归属 取定损操作机构，含省间通赔，考核车型为双百车型。分母取全 部更换配件数量，分子取参考价格不为零的系统点选配件数量， 数量取配件项目数量而不是个数合计。 3、换件金额本地化率 定损完成日期在考核期内，定损方式为修复定损，机构归属 取定损操作机构，含省间通赔，考核车型为双百车型。分母取全 部换件数量，分子取参考价格不为零且价格已本地化的系统点选 配件数量，数量取配件项目数量而不是个数合计。 4、双百车型双百配件本地化率 按照分公司实际定损比例情况，逐个确定各品牌分公司所用 数据源，如果某品牌多用精友数据定损，则提数时只提精友数据 的本地化情况;如果某品牌使用东升数据比较多，则提数时以此 品牌东升数据的本地化情况为准。只提取双百车型、双百配件， 非双百车型、双百车型的非双百配件本地化情况暂不考核。 双百车型双百配件本地化率=已本地化双百车型双百配件数 量/双百车型双百配件数量，配件本地化时间应在年初到提数时 点之间，不区分4S价与市场价，只要其中一个本地化即可。 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 5、自动报价率 定损完成日期考核期内、定损金额小于等于5000元、定损 方式为修复定损、定损车辆类型为乘用车的定损任务，其自动报 价通过的比例。包含报价标记为“待报价”的定损任务。机构归 属取定损操作机构，含省间通赔。 自动报价率=自动报价通过定损任务数量/全部定损任务数 量 第二章 定损点选操作规范 一、点选修理厂、点选承修品牌 定损时，要根据实际情况，通过点选方式准确录入承修修理 厂名称、事故车辆是否属于修理厂特约维修品牌;不能具体确定 承修企业时，要录入定损估价所参照的修理厂类型、是否属于特 约维修。【省级分公司在之前后台维护修理厂信息时，要充分预 估此类情形，提前维护好相关修理厂信息以供前台定损时点选。 如在后台维护“非合作4S店”、“非合作一类厂”、“非合作 二类厂”、“一般4S店”、“一般一类厂”、“一般二类厂”。 二、点选车型 确定车型时，无论是否属于双百车型，凡是系统提供了对应 车型数据的，都要求点选。系统未涵盖所需车型时可以自定义， 但是要注明车辆种类，并录入厂家、品牌、车系、车型等完整的 车辆信息;录入自定义信息时，尽量从系统预设的模板项目中点 选，减少手工录入的项目数量，以提高车型信息标准化、规范化 程度。对于推定全损、一次性协议定损，要求至少进入一次第三 方定损工具，完成车辆定型操作。 三、点选配件 添加换件项目时，无论是否属于双百配件，凡是系统提供了 对应数据的，都要求优先点选，减少自定义。点选时应优先使用 系统点选数据，系统点选数据未涵盖所需配件时，或所提供配件 名称、配件编号有讹误时，可以点选模板配件。模板配件也未涵 盖的，可以自定义配件，或查询使用大库中的配件。 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 四、点选价格 在点选配件基础上，系统提供了配件本地化价格的，要选择 适当的本地化价格种类以自动带出价格，实现价格点选。 五、加强核损报价审核，促进点选率提升 对于车型、配件、价格全部点选、满足系统规则的案件，系 统自动审核通过、无需人工核损、人工报价;需要人工核损、人 工报价的案件，要强化核损、报价环节对定损点选规范性的审核 力度，不合乎要求的退回定损环节改正。 六、定期考核分析整改，提升考核效果 总公司按月对省级分公司的价格本地化情况、点选情况进行 考核，各省级分公司则对所辖机构及定核报人员经手案件的点选 情况进行考核。各级机构可随时登录经营分析平台，查看所辖机 构及人员的点选指标及排名，并利用平台提供的工具，对点选情 况做深入分析，以查找问并制定针对性的改进措施，以不断提 升考核效果。 七、协议价格 根据公司“关于规范系统配件定价管理权限的通知(人保财 险理电函〔2013〕77号)”为规范公司配件价格标准化体系， 统一价格标准，防止协议价格被滥用，自2013年8月15日起， 停止使用系统内的协议价格。 第三部分 汽车及配件相关知识 第一章 汽车基础知识 一、汽车的定义 世界各国对汽车的定义不尽相同,但核心概念都是相同的， 下面我们列举美国、日本和中国几个最有代表性的国家对“汽车” 的定义，供大家参考。 美国对汽车的定义:由本身动力驱动，装有驾驶装置，能在 固定轨道以外的道路或地域上运送客货或牵引车辆的车辆。 日本对汽车的定义:自身装有发动机和操纵装置，不依靠固定轨 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 道和架线能在陆上行驶的车辆。 我国对汽车的定义:汽车是指由动力驱动，具有4个或4个 以上车轮的非轨道承载的车辆。汽车主要用于载运人员和/或货 物，牵引载运人员和/或货物，也可以具有某些特殊用途。 二、汽车的分类 目前，我国对汽车的分类标准很多，与报价工作较为密切的 分类标准主要有以下几种: (一)按汽车用途分类 该标准按照国家标准GB9417-89《汽车和半挂车的术语和定 义-车辆类型》中相关，按照用途将汽车划分为八大类 1.载货汽车 按照公路运行时厂定最大总质量(GA)划分 1.8t) 微型货车(GA? 轻型货车(1.8t,GA?6.0t) 中型货车(6.0t,GA?14.0t) 重型货车(GA,14.0t) 2.越野汽车 按照越野运行时厂定最大总质量(GA)划分 轻型越野汽车(GA?5.0t) 中型越野汽车(5.0t,GA?13.0t) 重型越野汽车(13.0t,GA?24.0t) 超重型越野汽车(GA,24.0t) 3.自卸汽车 按照公路运行时厂定最大总质量(GA)划分 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 轻型自卸汽车(GA?6.0t) 中型自卸汽车(6.0t,GA?14.0t) 重型自卸汽车(GA,14.0t) 矿山自卸汽车 4.牵引车 按照牵引车上是否承受纵向载荷划分为 半挂牵引车、全挂牵引车 5.专用汽车 按照结构和用途划分 厢式汽车、罐式汽车、起重举升汽车、仓棚式汽车、特种结构 汽车、专用自卸汽车 6.客车 按照车长(L)划分 微型客车(L?3.5m) 轻型客车(3.5m,L?7.0m) 中型客车(7.0m,L?10.0m) 大型客车(L,10.0m)和特大型客车; 中大型客车又可分为城市客车、长途客车、旅游及团体客车 特大型客车指铰接和双层客车 7.轿车 依发动机排量(V)划分为: 微型轿车(V?1.0L) 普通轿车(1.0L,V?1.6L) solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 中级轿车(1.6L,V?2.5L) 中高级轿车(2.5L,V?4.0L) 高级轿车(V,4.0L) ,.半挂车 依公路运行时厂定最大总质量(GA)划分为: 轻型半挂车(GA?7.1t) 中型半挂车(7.1t,GA?19.5t) 重型半挂车(19.5t,GA?34.0t) 超重型半挂车(GA,34.0t) 注:GA—厂定最大总质量(单位:t,吨) V—发动机排量(单位: l—升) L—车长(单位: m—米)。 (二)按现行车辆分类的新标准分类 为了适应汽车的发展并与国际接轨，2001年我国重新制定 新的汽车分类标准(GB/T3730.1-2001《汽车和半挂车类型的术语 和定义》)。该标准对汽车进行重新定义，并将汽车分为乘用车 和商用车两大类，然后在这基础上进一步细分。 1、乘用车(passenger car) 在设计和技术特性上，乘用车主要用于载运乘客及其随身行 李和/或临时物品，包括驾驶员座位在内最多不超过9个座位， 它也可以牵引一辆挂车。乘用车分类如下。 (1)普通乘用车 (saloon、sedan) 车身:封闭式，有或无侧窗中柱。 车顶(顶盖):固定式，硬顶。有的顶盖一部分可以开启。 座位:4个或4个以上座位，至少两排座位，后座椅可折叠 或移动，以形成装载空间。 车门:2个或4个侧门，可以有一个后开启门。 (2)活顶乘用车 (convertible saloon) solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 车身:具有固定侧围框架可开启式车身。 车顶(顶盖):车顶为硬顶或软顶，至少有两个位置:封闭 位置、开启或拆除位置。对于可开启式车身，可以利用一个或数 个硬顶部件和/或合拢软顶将开启的车身关闭。 座位:4个或4个以上座位，至少两排。 车门:2个或4个侧门。 车窗:4个或4个以上侧窗。 (3)高级乘用车(Pullman saloon) 车身:封闭式，前后座之间可以设有隔板。 车顶(顶盖):固定式，硬顶。有的顶盖一部分可开启。 座位:4个或4个以上座位，至少有两排座位。后排座椅前 可安装折叠式座椅。 车门:4个或6个侧门，也可有一个后开启门。 车窗:6个或6个以上侧窗。 (4)小型乘用车(coupe) 车身:封闭式，通常后部空间较小。 车顶(顶盖):固定式，硬顶。有的顶盖一部分可开启。 座位:2个或2个以上的座位，至少有一排座位。 车门:2个侧门，可以有一个后开启门。 车窗:2个或2个以上侧窗。 (5)敞蓬车 (convertible、open tourer、roadster、spider) 车身:可开启式。 车顶(顶盖):车顶可以是软顶或硬顶，至少有两个位置: 第一个位置用于遮覆车身，第二个位置用于卷收车顶或拆除车顶。 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 座位:2个或2个以上的座位，至少有一排座位。 车门:2个或4个侧门。 车窗:2个或2个以上侧窗。 (6)仓背乘用车(hatchback) 车身:封闭式，侧窗中柱可有可无。 车顶(顶盖):固定式，硬顶。有的顶盖一部分可以开启。 座位:4个或4个以上的座位，至少有两排座位。后座椅可 以折叠或可以移动，以形成一个装载空间。 车门:2个或4个侧门，车身后部有一仓门。 (7)旅行车(station wagon) 车身:封闭式，车尾厢可提供较大的内部空间。 车顶(顶盖):固定式，硬顶。有的顶盖一部分可以开启。 座位:4个或4个以上的座位，至少有两排座位。一排或多 排座椅可以被拆除，或装有向前翻倒的座椅靠背，以提供装载平 台。 车门:2个或4个侧门，并有一后开启门。 车窗:4个或4个以上侧窗。 (8)多用途乘用车(multipurpose passenger car) 上述(1)—(7)类别车辆以外，只有单一车室载运乘客及 其行李或物品的乘用车。但是，如果这种车辆同时具有下列两个 条件，则不属于乘用车而属于货车。 第一个条件:除驾驶员以外的座位数不超过6个;只要车辆 具有可使用的座椅安装点，就应算“座位”存在。 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 第二个条件: P,(M，N×68),N×68 上式中P为最大设计总质量，M为整车整备质量与1位驾驶 员质量之和，N为除驾驶员以外的座位数。 (9)短头乘用车 (forward control passenger car) 短头乘用车的一半以上的发动机长度位于车辆前挡风玻璃 最前点以后，并且方向盘的中心位于车辆总长的前四分之一部分 内。 (10)越野乘用车(off-road passenger car) 在设计上所有车轮同时驱动(包括一个驱动轴可以脱开的车 辆)，或其几何特性(接近角、离去角、纵向通过角，最小离地 间隙)、技术特性(驱动轴数、差速锁止机构或其他型式机构) 和它的性能(爬坡度)允许在非道路上行使的一种乘用车。 (11)专用乘用车 (special purpose passenger car) 运载乘员或物品并完成特殊功能的乘用车，它具备完成特定 功能所需的特殊车身和/或装备。例如:旅居车、防弹车、救护 车、殡仪车等。 (二)商用车(commercial vehicle) 商用车指在其设计和技术特性上用于运送人员和货物的汽 车，并且可以牵引挂车，乘用车不包括在内。商用车又分为客车、 半挂牵引车和货车。 (1)客车 (bus) 客车是指在设计和技术特性上用于载运乘客及其随身行李 的商用车辆，包括驾驶员座位在内座位数超过9座。可有单层或 双层，也可牵引一挂车。客车又分为以下几种。 1)小型客车(mini bus)。用于载运乘客，除驾驶员座位外， 座位数不超过16座的客车。 2)城市客车(city bus)。一种为城市内运输而设计和装备 的客车。这种车辆设有座椅及站立乘客的位置，并有足够的空间 供频繁停站时乘客上下走动用。 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 3)长途客车(interurban coach)。一种为城市间运输而设 计和装备的客车。这种车辆没有专供乘客站立的位置，但在其通 道内可载运短途站立的乘客。 4)旅游客车(touring coach)。一种为旅游而设计和装备的 客车。这种车辆的布置要确保乘客的舒适性，不载运站立的乘客。 5)铰接客车(articulated bus)。一种由两节刚性车厢铰接 组成的客车。在这种车辆上，两节车辆是相通的，乘客可通过铰 接部分在两节车厢之间自由走动。这种车辆可以按b,d类别进 行装备。两节刚性车厢永久联结，只有在工厂车间使用专用的设 施才能将其拆开。 6)无轨电车(trolley bus)。一种经架线并由电力驱动的客 车。这种电车可指定用作多种用途，并按b、c和e类别进行装 备。 7)越野客车(off-road bus)。在其设计上所有车轮同时驱 动(包括一个驱动轴可以脱开的车辆)或其几何特性(接近角、 离去角、纵向通过角、最小离地间隙)、技术特性(驱动轴数、 差速锁止机构或其他型式机构)和它的性能(爬坡度)允许在非 道路上行使的一种车辆。 8)专用客车(special bus)。在其设计和技术特性上只适用 于需经特殊布置安排后才能载运人员的车辆。 (2)半挂牵引车 (semi trailer towing vehicle) 装备有特殊装置用于牵引半挂车的商用车辆。 (3)货车 (goods vehicle) 一种主要为载运货物而设计和装备的商用车辆，它能否牵引一挂 车均可。货车又分为以下几种。 1)普通货车(general purpose goods vehicle)。一种在敞开 (平板式)或封闭(厢式)载货空间内载运货物的货车。 2)多用途货车(multipurpose goods vehicle)。在其设计和 结构上主要用于载运货物，但在驾驶员座椅后带有固定式或折叠 式座椅，可载运3个以上乘客的货车。 3)全挂牵引货车(trailer towing vehicle)。一种牵引杆式挂 车的货车。它本身可在附属的载运平台上运载货物。 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 4)越野货车(off-road goods vehicle)。在其设计上所有车 轮同时驱动(包括一个驱动轴可以脱开的车辆)或其几何特性(接 近角、离去角、纵向通过角、最小离地间隙)、技术特性(驱动 轴数、差速锁止机构或其他型式机构)和它的性能(爬坡度)允 许在非道路上行使的一种车辆。 5)专用作业车(special goodsd vehicle)。在其设计和技术 特性上用于特殊工作的货车。例如:消防车、救险车、垃圾车、 应急车、街道清洗车、扫雪车、清洁车等。 6)专用货车(specialize goods vehicle)。在其设计和技术特 性上用于运输特殊物品的货车。例如:罐式车、乘用车运输车、 集装箱运输车等。 (4)挂车 (trailer) 挂车是指在其设计和技术特性需由汽车牵引，才能正常使用 的一种无动力的车辆，用于载运人员和/或货物，具有特殊用途。 (5)汽车列车 (combination vehicles) 汽车列车由一辆汽车与一辆或多辆挂车组合而成。 三、车辆的识别 (一)车辆识别的基本特征要素 汽车生产厂:是指汽车生产企业，汽车制造厂。基本的特征 是汽车的产地。 品牌:是指汽车制造厂所拥有的产品商标，一般从汽车标志 中可以识别出来。如宝马、奔驰、大众、本田、丰田等。 系列:或称为“车系”，是指制造厂对同类型车辆，诸如车 身、底盘或驾驶室类型等结构上有一定共同点的车辆所给予的命 名。一般在汽车的前部或尾部标有车辆的系列名称。 型号:或称为“车型”，是指制造厂对具有同品牌、同系列 以及同车身型式的车辆所给予的名称。一般在车辆的尾部标有车 辆的具体型号，如标有发动机排量、级别、车长、载重等。 年款:指车辆生产的年份，通常来说有两层含义，一是该车 型型发布所在的年份，还有一个含义是该汽车生产下线的年份。 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 年款是我们准确确定该车型的配置的主要因素。可以通过外观及 线条风格和车辆识别代码(VIN码)识别出来。 车辆配置 :所谓配置，广义讲就是车辆上装配的所有零部件 的总称，如发动机、变速器、制动系统、约束(安全)系统等装 配。 (二)国产汽车型号命名规则 为了生产管理的需要，我国采用GB9417-89《汽车产品型号 编制规则》标准对车辆车型命名。 1、汽车产品型号构成 汽车的产品型号由企业名称代号、车辆类型代号、主参数代 号、产品序号组成，必要时附加企业自定代号。如下图: 2、汽车产品型号基本内容 企业名称代号:用企业名称或所在地名称的两个或三个汉语 拼音字母表示。如下表常见部分企业名称代号: solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room (1)车辆类别代号 各类汽车的类型代号位于产品型号的第二部分，用一位阿拉 伯数字表示，见下表: (2)主参数代号 主参数代号位于产品型号的第三部分，用两位阿拉伯数字表 示: 1)载货汽车、越野汽车、自卸汽车、牵引汽车、专用汽车 与半挂车的主参数代号为车辆的总质量(t)，牵引汽车的总质 量包括牵引座上的最大质量.当总质量在100t以上时，允许用三 位数字表示。 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 2)客车及半挂车的主参数代号为车辆长度(m)。当车辆 长度小于10m时，应精确到小数点后一位，并以长度(m)值的 十倍数值表示。 3)轿车的主参数代号为发动机排量(L)应精确到小数点后 一位，并以其值的十倍数值表示。 4)专用汽车及专用半挂车的主参数代号，当适用定型汽车 底盘或定型半挂车底盘改装时，若其主参数与定型底盘原车的主 参数之差不大于原车的10,，则应沿用原车的主参数代号，所 以有总质量的也有用客车底盘改装的表示汽车长度。 5)主参数的数字修约按《数字修约规则》(GB8170)的规 定。 6)主参数不足规定位数时，在参数前以“0”占位。 (3)产品序号 位于产品型号的第四部分，用阿拉伯数字表示，数字0、1、 2„„依次使用。当车辆主参数有变化，但不大于原定型设计主 参数的10,时，其主参数代号不变，大于10,时，应改变主参 数代号，若因为数字修约而主参数代号不变时，则应改变其产品 序号。 注意:最后一位数字较易弄错，0代表的第一代产品，而不 是1，在此1代表的是第二代产品。 (三)专用汽车分类代号 对于专用汽车及专用半挂车增加专用汽车分类代号，专用汽 车分用反映车辆结构和用途特征的三个汉语拼音表示。结构特征 代号:X-厢式汽车;G罐式汽车;Z-专用自卸汽车;T-特种结构 汽车;J-起重举升汽车;C-仓栅式汽车。 (四)企业自定代号 位于产品型号的最后部分，同一种汽车结构略有变化而需要 区别时(例如汽油、柴油发动机，长、短轴距，单、双排座驾驶 室，平、凸头驾驶室，左、右置方向盘等)，可用汉语拼音字母 和阿拉伯数字表示，位数也由企业自定。供用户选装的零部件(如 暖风装置、收音机、地毯、绞盘等)不属结构特征变化，应不给 予企业自定代号。 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 有些车在四位数字后还有一些字母，这些字母没有准确的定 义，是由产生厂家自定义的。基本型汽车的编号一般没有尾部， 其变型车(例如采用不同的发动机、加长轴距、双排座驾驶室等) 为了与基本型区别，常在尾部加A、B、C等企业自定代号。 型号标例: BJ2020S—BJ代表北京汽车制造厂，2代表越野车，02代表 总质量为2吨，0代表该车为第一代产品，S为厂家自定义。 TJ7131U—TJ代表天津汽车制造厂，7代表轿车，13代表排 气量为1.3升，1代表该车为第二代产品，U为厂家自定义。 CA5290CCQ2P—CA代表一汽(解放)，5代表专用汽车，29代 表满载总质量29吨，,代表该车为第一代产品，CC代表仓栅车; Q2P代表企业自定义代码。 说明: 车辆识别码 再以解放CA5310XXYP21K2L11T4为例，对各个参数含义逐一 解读。 CA—一汽 5—箱式货车(1—载货车，2—多功能车，3—自卸车，4—牵 引车) 31—满载质量31吨。 0 — 1代产品 XXY—箱式货车 P—平头，P1—平顶双卧，P11—高顶双卧，P2—FP或J5P 平顶双卧，P21—FP或J5P高顶双卧。 K—柴油，K1—大柴道依茨，K2—大柴或锡柴同功率发动机。 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room L—车身长度代码，由于取消单桥7.6米以上车型，目前保留有 L2、L3、L4、 L5、L7、L11，2—11为货箱长度代码。 T—多驱动代码，T1—6Л4(三轴后双轴驱动)，T2—6Л2(前单轴，三轴后单轴驱动)。 (五)车辆VIN码 VIN码是英文Vehicle Identification Number(车辆识别码) 的缩写，是为了识别某一辆车，由车辆制造厂为该车辆指定的一 组字码。VIN由三部分组成，分别为世界制造厂识别代号(英文: World Manufacturer Identifier，简称:WMI)、车辆说明部分 (英文:Vehicle Descriptor Section，简称:VDS)、车辆指 示部分(英文:Vehicle Indicator Section，简称:VIS),如 下图VIN码图例: 说明: 车辆识别码大众 车辆识别代号(VIN)的第一部分，用以标识车辆的制造厂。当 此代号被指定给某个车辆制造厂时，就能作为该厂的识别标志， 世界制造厂识别代号在与车辆识别代号的其余部分一起使用时， 足以保证30年之内在世界范围内制造的所有车辆的车辆识别代 号具有唯一性。 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 车辆识别代号(VIN)的第二部分，用以说明车辆的一般特征信 息;由六位字码组成(即VIN的第四一九位)。 车辆说明部分(VDS)的最后一位(即VIN的第9位)为校验位。 校验位可为0,9中任一数字或字母“?”(罗马数字10)。具 体计算方法(略)。 车辆指示部分(VIS)是车辆识别代号的第三部分，由八位字码 组成(即VIN的第十~十七位)。 VIS的第一位字码(即VIN的第十位)应代表年份。 表示具体年份如下表: solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room (六)车辆的标牌及内容 1、标牌的型式 道路车辆产品标牌的型式如图1所示。 制造厂可采用自己选定的字体及颜色，背景与字体颜色应保 证标牌内容清晰美观，易于辨认。 2、标(铭)牌的内容 标牌的内容由两部分组成，第一部分标示在规定内，第二部 分标示在自由区内。 第一部分:规定区 标示出车辆制造厂或装配厂合法的厂标或商标或品牌的文 字或图案。 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 标示出车辆制造厂合法的名称全称以及车辆制造厂按照 GB/T 16737的要求进行备案了的世界制造厂识别代号(WMI)。 如果车辆仅是经过一个阶段制造完成的，则应在制造厂名称后增 加“制造”字样。如果车辆是经过两个或两个以上阶段制造完成 的，每一阶段的制造厂都应编制自己的标牌。此时，车辆制造厂 还应在标牌的自由区内按照要求增加有关说明。如果车辆制造厂 的WMI代号能够在规定的VIN代号中体现，可以不再标示WMI。 如果车辆通过了型式认证，则应标示出型式认证编号。 标示出进行备案了的车辆识别代号(VIN): 如果车辆仅是经过一个阶段制造完成的，则标牌上的VIN应 是制造厂按照GB/T 16736的。要求编制的、并且经过备案了的 VIN。如果制造厂愿意，可以按照GB/T 18410的规定标示条码VIN。 如果车辆是在非完整车辆的基础上制造、改装完成的，则标 牌上的VIN应是完整抄写原有的非完整车辆的VIN。 标示出车辆制造厂编制的车辆的产品型号: 标示出车辆使用的发动机型号、最大净功率或排量(半挂车、 全挂车除外)。 标示出车辆的主要参数: 车辆制造厂对于载货汽车应标示出最大设计总质量、最大设 计装载质量、座位数; 对于客车应标示出最大设计总质量、额定载客人数; 对于乘用车应标示出最大设计总质量、座位数; 对于半挂牵引车应标示出牵引座上最大设计静载荷、牵引销 孔直径、最大设计牵引质量; 对于特种汽车应标示出能够反应出其主要功能的技术参数; 对于非完整车辆应标示出整备质量、最大设计总质量; 对于半挂车应标示出牵引销工作直径、作用在牵引车上的最 大设计静载荷、最大设计总质量、外形尺寸(长×宽×高); solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 对于全挂车应标示出作用在连接装置上的最大设计静载荷、 最大设计总质量、外形尺寸(长×宽×高); 对于三轮货(或/和客)运摩托车应标示出最大设计总质量、 最大设计装载质量(或/和额定载客人数)。此处不再额外对两 轮摩托车和轻便摩托车进行规定。 标示出车辆产品的生产序号: 如果车辆制造厂仅仅是完整车辆制造厂和/或非完整车辆制 造厂，由于VIN的后六位已经表示出车辆的生产顺序号，标牌上 则可以不标示车辆的生产序号。 如果车辆制造厂不仅仅是完整车辆制造厂和/或非完整车辆 制造厂，同时还是中间制造厂和/或最后阶段制造厂，则标牌上 应标示出车辆的生产序号。 至少标示出车辆产品的生产年月。采用的书写方式例如: 2000年1月或2000/01/01。 第二部分自由区 如果车辆是在非完整车辆的基础上制造完成的，车辆制造厂 应在自由区内标示“车辆是在????生产的????型号的非 完整车辆的基础上进行制造,其中，“????”处填写制造所 购车辆的非完整车辆制造厂名称全称，“????”处填写非完 整车辆的车辆型号。例如:对于一辆由外购的无车身底盘制造而 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 成的客车，可叙述为:“车辆是在????生产的????型客 车底盘的基础上进行制造。”若此客车再次被改装成专用客车(如 救护车)，可叙述为:“车辆是在????厂生产的????型 客车基础上进行制造。” 如果车辆是在无车身的非完整车辆的基础上制造完成的，车 辆制造厂应在自由区内对车身类型加以描述。 车辆制造厂还可以根据实际情况的需要在标牌的自由区内 标示经过本厂制造完成的有关车辆的其他信息。 无以上内容标示时，制造厂也可不在标牌上设自由区。 第二章 汽车配件知识 一、汽车配件的分类 汽车配件种类较为复杂，对汽车配件分类的方法很多，有按 标准化、实用性、用途和生产来源等分类方法。 1、按标准化分类 根据《QC/T 265—2004 汽车零部件编号规则》的相关规定， 汽车零部件按集成度从大到小分为总成、分总成、子总成、单元 体、零件。 (1)总成 由数个零件、数个分总成或它们之间的任意组合而构成一定 装配级别或某一功能形式的组合体，具有装配分解特性。 (2)分总成 由两个或多个零件与子总成一起采用装配工序组合而成，对 总成有隶属装配级别关系。 (3)子总成 由两个或多个零件经装配工序或组合加工而成，对分总成有 隶属装配级别关系。 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room (4)单元体 由零部件之间的任意组合而构成具有某一功能特征的功能 组合体，通常能在不同环境独立工作。 (5)零件 不采用装配工序制成的单一成品、单个制件。或由两个及以 上联在一起具有规定功能，通常不能再分解的(如含油轴承、电 容器等外购小总成)制件。 2、按生产来源分类 国内参与售后配件市场主要有原厂件(OEM件)、品牌件、 副厂件、假冒件、以及“原厂翻新件”、“拆车件”、“下线零 件”等。 (1)原始设备制造商(original equipment manufacturer， OEM)原始设备供应商(original equipment supplier，OES):为 整车厂配套生产零部件的厂商，同时也为售后服务市场提供配件， 但大多数不以自己的品牌，而借用整车厂的品牌进入售后服务市 场，这种配件称为OEM件、OES件或原厂件。 (2)一般厂商:这是国内最多的一类售后配件供应商，规 模较少，直接面向售后服务市场生产国内外车型的配件，这种配 件称为副厂件，其中部分冒充整车厂的品牌通过各级经销商进入 售后服务市场，这种配件称为假冒件。 (3)国外厂商:进入中国零部件的国外厂商包括博世、德 尔福、美孚和米其林等，以自己的品牌进入国内的售后服务市场， 这种配件称为品牌件。 (4)原厂翻新件是指欧美等国家的整车厂应环保要求，按 原厂标准翻新一些零部件供售后市场循环再用，如德国宝马公司 就有翻新方向机、曲轴等;美国通用公司也有翻新发电机、方向 助力泵等。 (5)“拆车件”一般是从国外一些事故车或报废车上未损 坏的零配件中拆卸下来循环再用的旧件。我国法律规定不能销售 和使用废旧汽车零配件。 二、汽车配件目录及其编号 1、汽车配件目录 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 配件目录一般根据原厂的生产设计资料编制，是配件流通中 的技术标准。在配件目录中通常包括以下内容: (1)配件插图 配件插图是配件目录的主要组成部分之一，一般采用轴侧图 来表现系统中个零配件的相对位置和装配关系。按照国家标准， 在配件图中标有图中序号，使用时特别要注意零件之间的包含关 系。 (2)配件编号 配件的唯一准确编号，贯穿配件设计、生产、采购、销售、 维修各个环节。他是配件订货和销售的最准确的要素，所有的配 件订单和销售单据上必须清楚标示出配件编号。 (3)配件名称 主要是在设计和生产中使用的名称，它只是根据配件特点， 结合约定俗成的标准为配件赋予的一个文字符号，但指代和区分 能力较弱，一般用于配件经销中做描述性说明和补充手段。 (4)全车用量 给出该零件在一辆车上的使用数量。 (5)备注 这是配件目录中十分重要的部分，一般用来补充说明配件的 参数、材料、颜色、适用车款、车型以及其他配件信息等。备注 信息提供了配件使用范围的准确描述。 (6)其他 在配件目录中，一般都附有厂家对该配件目录的使用范围， 使用方法的详细说明，在使用之前仔细阅读。 2、汽车配件编号 为使汽车零配件能适应计算机管理，以便于筹措汽车零配件 和提高采购的准确性，世界上大多数汽车制造厂都对自己生产的 汽车所用的零配件实行代码分类。国产汽车的编号有统一的标准， solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 而国外汽车大都没有统一的标准，而由厂家自定。但是由于汽车 发展水平差价较大，反而我国的汽车配件编码比较混乱，国外厂 家的配件编码规范统一。 (1)国产汽车配件编号规则 在我国，汽车零部件编号按QC/T 265—2004 《汽车零部件 编号规则》统一编制。 汽车配件编号构成完整的汽车零部件编号表达式由企业名 称代号、组号、分组号、源码、零部件顺序号和变更代号构成。 零部件编号表达式根据其隶属关系可按下列三种方式进行选择。 企业名称代号 当汽车零部件图样使用涉及知识产权或产品研发过程中需 要标注企业名称代号时，可在最前面标注经有关部门批准的企业 名称代号。一般企业内部使用时，允许省略。企业名称代号由两 位或三位汉语拼音字母表示。 源码 源码用三位字母、数字或字母与数字混和表示，企业自定。 1)描述设计来源:指设计管理部门或设计系列代码，由三 位数字组成。 2)描述车型中的构成:指车型代号或车型系列代号，由三 位字母与数字混合组成。 3)描述产品系列:指大总成系列代号，由三位字母组成。 4)组号:用2位数字表示汽车各功能系统分类代号，按顺 序排列，见附录A。 5)分组号:用4位数字表示各功能系统内分系统的分类顺 序代号，按顺序排列，见附录A。 6)零部件顺序号:用3位数字表示功能系统内总成、分总 成、子总成、单元体、零件等顺序代号，零部件顺序号表述应符 合下列规则: 总成的第三位应为零;零件第三位不得为零;3位数字为 001,009，表示功能图、供应商图、装置图、原理图、布置图、 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 系统图等为了技术、制造和管理的需要而编制的产品号和管理号; 对称零件其上、前、左件应先编号为奇数，下、后、右件后编号 且为偶数;共用图(包括表格图)的零部件顺序号一般应连续。 7)变更代号:变更代号为2位，可由字母、数字或字母与 数字混和组成，由企业自定。 8)代替图零部件编号:对零件变化差别不大，或总成通过 增加或减少某些零部件构成新的零件和总成后，在不影响其分类 和功能的情况下，其编号一般在原编号的基础上仅改变其源码。 (2)进口汽车配件的编号规则 世界各国厂家的编码规则都不一样，这里以德国大众编码为 例介绍进口车辆编码规则。 德国大众零件号是由14位构成的，主要由大类(主组)、 小类(子组)、零件号、变更代码和颜色代码组成。 1大类(主组)车型、机组代码(1-3位) 当该零件是发动机及变速箱件时，前三位为机组代码，一般 情况如下: 026:代表四缸JW 发动机件 034、035代表五缸RT、PR发动机件 078:代表六缸ACZ发动机件 077:代表八缸ABH发动机件 2小类(子组)(4-6位) 第四位数字大类 1大类:发动机及燃油喷射系统. 2大类:油箱及供油管路.排气系统及空调设备的制冷循环系 统等等 第三章 玻璃知识 汽车玻璃是报价工作中最常见的配件之一，也是汽车车身附 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 件中必不可少的，主要起到防护作用。目前汽车玻璃以夹层钢化 玻璃和夹层区域钢化玻璃为主，能承受较强的冲击力。夹层玻璃 是指用一种透明可粘合性塑料膜贴在二层或三层玻璃之间，将塑 料的强韧性和玻璃的坚硬性结合在一起，增加了玻璃的抗破碎能 力。钢化玻璃是指将普通玻璃淬火使内部组织形成一定的内应力， 从而使玻璃的强度得到加强，在受到冲击破碎时，玻璃会分裂成 带钝边的小碎块，对乘员不易造成伤害。而区域钢化玻璃是钢化 玻璃的一种新品种，它经过特殊处理，能够在受到冲击破裂时， 其玻璃的裂纹仍可以保持一定的清晰度，保证驾驶者的视野区域 不受影响。 一、玻璃名称 二、玻璃的分类 夹层玻璃:夹层玻璃是由两层或两层以上的玻璃用一层或数 层透明的粘结材料粘合而成的玻璃制品。 (1)夹层玻璃的特性 1)高抗冲击强度，受冲击后，脆性的玻璃破碎，但由于它 和有弹性的PVB相结合，使夹层玻璃具有高的抗穿透能力，仍能 保持能见度。 2)粘结力高，玻璃与PVB粘结力高，当玻璃破碎后，玻璃 碎片仍然粘在PVB上不剥落，不伤人，具有安全性。 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 3)耐光、耐热、耐湿、耐寒。 (2)夹层玻璃的用途 说明: 汽车玻璃-夹层破2 汽车挡风玻璃、建筑玻璃和顶棚、防弹玻璃、耐压观察窗等 钢化玻璃:钢化玻璃分物理钢化和化学钢化，我们通常所说 的钢化玻璃均指物理钢化。 (1)钢化玻璃的分类 全钢化玻璃:玻璃在加热炉内加热到接近软化温度，这时玻 璃处于粘住流动状态，保温一段时间，然后将此片玻璃迅速送入 冷却装置，用低温高速气流对玻璃均匀淬冷，使玻璃内层产生张 应力，外表面产生压应力，经过这样处理的玻璃制品就是全钢化 玻璃。 区域钢化玻璃:玻璃在加热炉内加热到接近软化温度，然后 将玻璃迅速送入不同冷却强度的风栅中，对玻璃进行不均匀冷却， 使玻璃主视区与周边区产生不同的应力，周边区处于风栅的强风 位置，进行全钢化，此位置碎片好，钢化强度高，主视区处于风 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 栅弱冷位置，碎片大、钢化强度低，用这种方法生产的玻璃就是 区域化玻璃。 (2)钢化玻璃的特性与优点 1)具有较高的机械强度 说明: 汽车玻璃-非夹层破 说明: 钢化玻璃 抗冲压强度:钢化玻璃的抗冲击强度是相同厚度普通玻璃的 5,8倍，5mm厚钢化玻璃用227g钢球冲击，钢球从2,3米高度 落下玻璃不破碎，同样厚度的玻璃在0.4米就破碎了。 抗弯强度:抗弯强度比普通玻璃高3,5倍，用一片6×1250×350mm玻璃条，两端架起来，中 间加重物，中间最大弯度可达 100mm不断裂。 2)具有良好的热稳定性 热稳定性是指玻璃能承受剧烈温度变化而不破坏的性能，钢化玻 90C， 璃可承受温度变化范围达150,320C，而普通玻璃只有70,如将钢化玻璃放在0C的冰上，浇上溶化的327C铅水玻璃不会爆 碎 3)安全性能好 钢化玻璃破碎时碎片成蜂窝状钝角小颗粒，不易伤人。 4)缺点 钢化玻璃不能切裁、钻孔及磨边。 钢化玻璃会自爆，即在没有外界机械力作用下发生自身破裂。 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 防弹玻璃 主要用于稀有的高端车型和押运车辆。(防弹轿车、押运车 的全部玻璃都采用防弹玻璃) solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 特点:此类玻璃由两片以上无机或有机玻璃和PVB胶片在一 定温度和压力下胶合在一起，抗击外力能力强，不易破损，具有 阻止子弹穿透的特性，价格较高。 三、玻璃标识 一般来讲，国产汽车玻璃上的标志可分为四大类:国家安全 认证标志、国外认证标志、汽车生产厂标志、玻璃生产企业标志。 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 1、玻璃标识的含义 FORD的含义是„„专门为福特配套生产的贴牌产品 (DMLQA)DOT814„„美国交通部认证的工厂代码 E000666„„欧洲ECE(欧洲经济委员会Economic Commission for Europe)的认证代码 CCC„„中国3C强制性认证的标志 M532 AS2„„美国交通部DOT认证代码以及玻璃分类代码 TEMPSAFETY GLASS„„安全玻璃类型(隔温) ?TINTED?„„表示向上安装，着色玻璃。 2、各国的证书有相应的编号 E1—德国 E2—法国 E3—意大利 E4—荷兰 E5—瑞典E6— E7—匈牙利 E8—捷克 E9—西班牙 E10—南斯拉夫E11—英国 E12—奥地利 E13—比利时 卢森堡 E14—瑞士 E16—挪威E17— 芬兰 E18—丹麦 E19—罗马尼亚 E20—波兰 E21—葡萄牙E22— 俄罗斯 E23—希腊 E25—克罗地亚 E26—斯洛文尼亚 E27—斯 洛伐克E28—白俄罗斯 E29—爱沙尼亚 E31—波黑 E37—土耳其 3、玻璃生产年份识别 “.8”„„8表示年份，就是2008年.黑点在“8”前，表示 上半年生产，计算公式是“7-黑点数”，例如附图中的车玻璃是.8， 就应该是7-1=6，所以这块玻璃应该是2008年6月份生产的;如 果黑点在“8”后，则表示为下半年生产，计算公式是“13-黑点 数”，如“8..”，表示该车玻璃是13-2=11，就是11月生产的。 “E000666”产地为福耀玻璃(重庆)有限公司。 “LAMISAFETY GLASS”其中lami是lamination的简写，既“夹 层安全玻 “AS1”是美国标准“Sootvetstvie”的简写 “AS1”代表的是这块玻璃的透光率不小于70%，即“清楚的 玻璃”“可用于前风挡”，“AS2”代表光线传输率不小于70% 的玻璃，但它的可用范围是“可用于除前风挡外的任何部位”。 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 第四章 货车知识 一、货车品牌车型介绍 1、东风系列 东风汽车有限公司商用车公司生产的车型以EQ或者DFL作 为企业代码。 东风汽车股份有限公司(襄樊)生产的车型以EQ或者DFA 作为企业代码。 东风特种商用车公司生产的车型以EQ或者DFZ作为企业代 码。 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 东风汽车股份有限公司郑州日产汽车公司生产的商用车以 EQ或者ZN作为企业代码。 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 在使用东风汽车公司的品牌标识的同时，也有各自在工信部 备案登记的有自己车厂鲜明特征的品牌。 2、中国重汽 (1)中国重汽专用汽车产品型号 专用汽车用途特征代号 (2)产品型号构成中的各种代号的含义或规定 1)企业名称代号:“ZZ”为“中国重型汽车集团汽车集团 有限公司”代号 2)车辆类别代号:1货车 2越野车 3自卸车 4牵引车 5 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 专用汽车 6客车 7轿车 9半挂车专用半挂车 3)主参数代号:对车辆类别代号为1—5 及 9 的主参数代 号为车辆的总质量(吨)，客车的主参数代号为车辆长度(米) 4)品牌或品牌系列代号: 1 黄河系列汽车(如金王子) 2 3 豪骏系列汽车 4空缺 5豪运 6 斯太尔 斯太尔系列汽车 7豪沃 5)专用汽车结构特征号 6)专用汽车用途特征代号 7)发动机功率区域代号: G.180PS H.200PS J.220PS K.240PS L.260PS M.280PS N.310PS, 336PS S.360PS V.420PS W.440PS X.460PS Y.480PS Z.500PS Q.560PS A.580PS 8)轴距代号:指相邻转向桥与驱动桥轴中心线间距(分米) 9)驱动型式:1.4*2 2.4*4 3.6*2 4.6*4 5.6*6 6.8*4 7.8*8 8.10* 0 9.12*10 10)驾驶室/客车类型代号:J-军用车;G-高栏板货厢;R-右 置方向盘;L-使用液化石油气燃料;C-使用压缩天然气燃料;S- 双层客车底盘;D-城市电车底盘;N-自卸车铲斗型货厢;E-道依 茨发动机;K-康明斯发动机;T-道依茨发动机军用车;W-加长带 卧铺驾驶室;A-加长带卧铺驾驶室军用车;B-加长带卧铺驾驶室 高栏板货厢;F-半高顶加长带卧铺驾驶室;H-半高顶加长卧铺驾 驶室军用车;M-半高顶加长带卧铺驾驶室高栏板货厢;P-半高顶 加长带卧铺驾驶室铲斗型货厢;V-高顶加长带卧铺驾驶室;U-高 栏板五开门货厢;X-黄河牌新款驾驶室;Q-加盖货厢;Y-半高顶 加长带卧铺驾驶室加盖货厢;O-高栏板加盖货厢;I-半高顶加长 带卧铺驾驶室高栏板加盖货厢。 如:ZZ1382XXYN4646F ZZ代表中国重汽生产厂家;1—代表货车;38—代表最大载 重量38吨;2—代表斯太尔系列;X—专用汽车代码代表厢式汽 车;XY—专用汽车用途特征代表厢式运输;N—代表310PS或 336PS;46—代表转向桥和驱动桥桥轴中心线距离是46cm;4—代 表6*4，即共6组车轮，其中驱动车轮4组;F—代表半高顶加 长带卧铺驾驶室。 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 二、货车主要配件介绍 货车基本结构是由驾驶室总成、发动机总成、变速箱、车驾 总成、前悬挂总成、后悬挂总成、传动机构、转向机构、车厢总 成等。 1、驾驶室总成 (1)通俗的说法由于车辆使用途径不同驾驶室可简单区分为 平头和尖头(分为宽体和普通)。平头可分为平顶、高顶、半高 顶。按照内饰构成还分为豪华和普通。 (2)驾驶室总成由驾驶室壳体、电器设备、附件及线路等组 成。其中，驾驶室壳体在采购时分为二种情况:一种是带车门壳 体，另一种是不带车门壳体(江铃不带门、油漆)，其价格也有 所差异。 (3)因生产厂家、品牌、车型的不同，驾驶室在总成件的配 置上也不相同。 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 2、车架 载货汽车根据承载重量、承载用途的不同，有以下几种区分 (1)单桥车与双桥车大梁的区分 (2)普通型与加强型大梁的区分 (3)大梁侧高不同的区分 (4)特殊车型 3、发动机部分 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 由于货车应用途径不同，行驶要求不同，其发动机有汽油机 和柴油机之分，柴油发动机的区分主要有下几方面。 (1)以厂牌区分。如:康明斯、淮柴、玉柴、杨柴、大柴、 上柴，朝阳柴油机等等 (2)以产地区分。 (3)以马力区分。 发动机型式:指动力装置的、气缸数量、排量和静制动功率 等。装在轿车或多用途载客车或车辆额定特征，如所用燃料总重 为10000lb或低于10000lb的载货车上的发动机，应标明专业制 造厂及型号: solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 4、底盘部分 (1)前桥 前轮采用非独立悬挂的车辆的前轴，避震，副车架，转向节， 横拉杆、制动器总成称为前桥。 1)转向前轴 整体式转向前轴，主要由前工字梁、转向节、主销、转向节 臂和梯形臂等几部分组成，起到承载重量和实现汽车转向的作用。 其多种变型广泛应用于重型载重车和9m,12m客车。 2)转向前驱动桥(双级减速) solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 该桥除作为转向桥外，还具有驱动作用。采用中央螺旋锥齿 轮减速和轮边圆柱行星齿轮两级减速。为提高桥壳强度，采用铸 钢桥壳，成熟可靠，使用方便，易于维护。 5、悬挂系统零配件 6、底盘其他零配件 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 三、货车报价关键信息及注意事项 对部分货车配件报价时要注意其配件信息，现将其中比较常 见和关键的事项例举如下: 1、驾驶室总成 由于国内改装车品牌、款式较多，更新较快，在审核驾驶室 总成时一定要注意驾驶室铭牌照片和标的车的具体车型名称;对 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room 于改装厂生产的车型，必须注意配套的驾驶室厂家和该驾驶室的 具体车型。驾驶室撞击后面目全非的驾驶室要注意查看行驶证中 的照片。 2、油缸 国内油顶生产厂家较多，根据厂家不同型号不同，油缸的价 格差距较大。在自卸车中装配较多的油缸为海沃品牌。在海沃品 牌中不同型号的油缸价格差距也比较大，因此报价时要对油缸的 铭牌照片进行核对确认。 3、车桥 注意审核车桥的铭牌，以便对车桥的具体型号、生产厂家进 行定位，另外要注意是车桥壳还是车桥总成。 4、货厢挡板 挂车的货箱挡板在事故中也是易损配件，货箱挡板是根据客 户需要根据钢板的厚度和货箱的长、高、宽进行压制。制作费用 除钢板的材料费外还有根据货箱的压制面积确定的手工压制费 用。材料的费用和钢板的厚度有关，压制的手工费用和货箱的面 积有关。这就要求我们在报价时要先确定货箱的长、宽、高和钢 板的厚度。 5、发动机 涉及发动机大修的事故车辆要核实清楚该车配置的发动机 品牌和发动机的功率，以便确定活塞或者曲轴等大的总成件。 solicited opinions and suggestions Article 265, including: four problems to 171. Deepening special regulation, State line State modified, side check side modified, total solution highlight problem 19 a; to rectification spirit carried out party political life, in-depth carried out heart talk, serious carried out criticism and self-critical; put built chapter State business throughout activities always, full cleanup and established perfect a involved "four wind" aspects of system provides, new 12 items, amendment perfect 15 items, abolition 3 items. Through educational practices, "four winds" problem significantly curb, party members and cadres ' apparent change of consciousness and ability of serving the masses increased significantly. (C) to promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Adhere to the "party-led township, prospering Township, eco-village, projects promoting Township and industrial Township, industry-rich Township, harmony Township, stabilization control" development strategy, take economic construction as the Center, strengthen leadership over the economic work in earnest, closely around the target determined earlier this year to deal with and try to resolve the various adverse factors, pay close attention to the work. Efforts to promoting the construction of major projects. To transportation, water conservancy, urban infrastructure construction, focusing on implementation of a number of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading of key projects for leading roles; Completed has XX village pass village Highway, and township location lights bright of, and XX meters "beautiful village", and township public rental and Xiang hospitals public rental, and 270 sets rural housing room