不定冠词的用法

不定冠词的用法 一 不定冠词的用法 冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词(the Definite Article)，另一种是不定冠词(the Indefinite Article)，还有一种是零冠词(Zero Article)。 不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源，是"一个"的意思。a用于辅音音素前，而an则用于元音音素前。 1) 示"一个"，意为one;指某人或某物，意为a certain。 A Mr. Ling is waiting for you. 2) 代表一类人或物。 A knife is a tool for cutting with. Mr. Smith is an engineer. 3) 词组或成语。 a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden 二 零冠词的用法 1) 国名，人名前通常不用定冠词:England，Mary; 2)泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词; They are teachers. 他们是教师。 3)抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词; Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。 4)物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词; Man cannot live without water. 人离开水就无法生存。 5)在季节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词; We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们从星期一到星期五都上课。 6)在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词; The guards took the American to General Lee. 士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。 7)在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词 如:have breakfast，play chess 8)当两个或两个以上名词并用时，常省去冠词; I can”t write without pen or pencil. 没有钢笔和铅笔，我就写不了字。 9)当by 与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词;by bus，by train;10)有些个体名词不用冠词;如: school，college，prison，market，hospital，bed，table，class，town，church，court 等个体名词，直接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义; go to hospital 去医院看病 go to the hospital 去医院 (并不是去看病，而是有其他目的) 11)不用冠词的序数词; a. 序数词前有物主代词 b. 序数词作副词 He came first in the race. c. 在固定词组中 at (the) first,first of all, from first to last 三 定冠词的用法 定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有"那(这)个"的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。 1)特指双方都明白的人或物: Take the medicine. 把药吃了。 2)上文提到过的人或事: He bought a house. I”ve been to the house. 他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。 3)指世上独一物二的事物: the sun， the sky， the moon， the earth 4)单数名词连用表示一类事物，如:the dollar 美元; the fox 狐狸;或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人:the rich 富人; the living 生者。 5)用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only， very， same等前面: Where do you live? I live on the second floor. 你住在哪,我住在二层。 That”s the very thing I”ve been looking for. 那正是我要找的东西。 6)与复数名词连用，指整个群体: They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师) They are teachers of this school. (指部分教师) 7)表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前: She caught me by the arm.. 她抓住了我的手臂。 8)用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前: the People”s Republic of China 中华人民共和国 the United States 美国 9)用在表示乐器的名词之前: She plays the piano. 她会弹钢琴。 10) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人: the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇) 11) 用在惯用语中: in the day, in the morning (afternoon，evening), the day after tomorrow the day before yesterday, the next morning, in the sky (water，field，country) in the dark, in the rain, in the distance, in the middle (of), in the end, on the whole, by the way, go to the theatre 1( ) 1. Han Meimei is ___ Chinese girl. Lucy is ____ English girl. A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a ( )2.A little boy wrote____ "U" and___ "n" on the wall. A. a; an B. an; a C. an; an D. a; a ( ) 3 _____ old lady in brown is____ university professor. A. An; a B. An; / C. The; an D. The; a ( ) 4 There are sixty minutes in____hour. A. an B. the C. a D. / ( ) 5 This is ____ interesting book and it is also ____ useful one. A. an; an B. an; the C. ah; a D. a; a ( ) 6 A computer is useful tool in ‘o world today. A. an; the B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a 2( ) 1 We have never seen ____ interesting film. A. such B. such an C. so D. such a ( ) 2 Mrs Smith is ____ friend of __ A. the; mine B. a; me C. the; my D. a; mine ( ) 3 He is___boy. A. a seven-years-old B. an eight-year-old C. the seven-year-old D. an eight-year-older ( ) 4 Isaw____ accident in the street yesterday. A. the B. a C. an D. / ( ) 5 Now he is ___ artist. 1 have known him since he was ___ one-year-old boy. A. a; an B. a; a C. an; an D. an; a 3( ) 1. Which bigger ___ elephant or ___ horse? A. a; the B. an; a C. the; an D. an; the ( ) 2 ____monkey can climb____ trees. A. /; the B. A; / C. The; a D. /; / ( ) 3 ____ rains are faster than ____ buses. A. /; / B. The; / C. /; the D. The; a ( ) 4 -Have you learned German? -Yes. It’s ___ language I’ve ever learned. A. a quite difficult B: quite a difficult C. difficult quite D. difficult a quite ( ) 5 Some animals, like __________ cat, __________ dog or __________ wolf, do not need to hibernate (冬眠). A. /; /; the B. the; the; the C. a; /; the , D. the; /; / 4( ) 1 Yesterday we held____ talk with them in the hall. A. the B. this C. a D. an ( ) 2 My mother had___ fever, so I had to look after her. A a B. the C, / D. this ( ) 3 Looking at, he took___ deep breath. A. / B. a C. that D. its ( ) 4 I usually go out for ___ walk after____ tea; A: a; / B. /; the C. a; a D. the; a ( ) 5 After that they had ____ sleep. A. a night good B. a night’s good C. a good night D. a good night’s 5( ) 1 It is_______ since we________ last time. A. long time; met B. a long time; meet C. a long time; met D. the long time; meet ( ) 2 There came ____ great noise. It frightened us. A. the B. a C. / D. that ( ) 3 It is____ pleasure to work with these workers. A. an B. / C. a D. this ( ) 4 After ____ quick breakfast I hurried to ____ school. A. /; / - B. a; / C. the; the - D. the; / 6( ) 1 This is ____egg. ____egg is big。 A. a; A B. an; An C. a; The D. an; The ( ) 2 There is___ ‘M in___word "map". A. a; an B. an; a C. an; the D. a; the ( ) 3 Here is basket. ___ basket is mine. A. a; The B. the; An. C. a; A D. the; A ( ) 4 There is____ bridge over there. ____ bridge is made of wood. A. the; The B. a; A C. the; A D. a; The ( ) 5 He ordered ____ book some time ago and now ____ book has arrived. A. a; a B. the; a C. the; the D. a; the 7( ) 1 She saw____________ English film last Sunday. But she can not remember_________. name of ____________ film. A. an; a; a B. a; the; a C. an; the; a D. an; the; the ( ) 2 There is___ old man under___ tree. A. an; the B. the; a C. a; the D. an; / ( ) 3 -What was ___ yesterday? ;, -November 24. A. date B. the date C. day D. the day ( ) 4 We shall visit your country in____ coming year., A. a B. the C. one D. that ( ) 5 Mother does most of ___ at home. A. cleaning B. a clean C. the cleaning D. clean 8( ) 1 -Whose room is that? -It’s___ . A. the twins’ B. of Lucy and Lily C. of the twins D. the twins ( ) 2 I’m busy____. A. at the moment B. at that moment C. in a moment D. just a moment ( ) 3 ____ book is very useful. I bought it from _________unknown little town. A. A; a B. The; a C. A; an D. The; an ( ) 4 English is____ interesting subject for most of students. A. the; an B. the; the C. an; / D. an; the ( ) 5 ___ girl in ___ Grade Three is ___ tallest in our school. A. The; the; the B. A; a; a C. The; /; the D. A; /; a 9( ) 1 Mr White lives on ___floor. A. the fifteen B. fifteen C. the fifteenth D. fifteenth ( ) 2 A boy named Ding Wei kicked a goal early ____ of the match. A. in the one half B. in the first half C. for the first half D. for half one ( ) 3 He has tried twice, and the captain asks him to have ____ third try. A. the B. a C. another D. other ( ) 4 China is one of ___ oldest countries in ___ world. A. the; the B. the; / C. a; a D. an; the ( ) 5 Mary is ____ only girl who has been to American. A. a B. the c. an D. / 10( ) I We can see ___sun and ___moon in___ picture. A.. a; the; the B. the; a; the C. a; the; a D. the; the; the ( ) 2 o moon moves around ____ earth, and they both are smaller than _______sun. A. The; an; a B. A; the; the C. /; /; / D. The; the; the ( ) 3 Paris is ___ capital of France. A. a B. / C. one D. the 11( ) 1 ____ Browns arrived there yesterday evening. A. / B. A C. The D. An ( ) 2 Why not ask your father to draw____________ map for you if you want to get to ____________Alice’s house easily? A. a; an B. /; an C. the; a D. a; / ( ) 3 ____ Browns are sitting at____ breakfast table. A. /; a B. The; / C. The; the D. /} the ( ) 4 ___ Turners could not pay for ___ colour TV set. A. The; a B. /; the C. /; a D. The; / ( ) 5 They went to ----. Smiths’ and stayed there for half____ hour. A. /; an B. the; a C. a; the D. the; an 12( ) 1 Cotton is grown in ____ China. A. north B. the north of C. the north D. a north ( ) 2 It’s ____ pleasure to see ____ sun rising in ____ east. A. /; the; / B. a; /; / C. a; the; the D. /; the; the ( ) 3 Most of us are from____. A. the south B. south C. the southern D. southern ( ) 4 ___ United States lies in North America. A. An B. A C. The D. / 13( ) I He likes playing___ piano, he doesn’t like playing____ football. A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. /; / ( ) 2 Tom enjoys playing ____ football while I enjoy playing ____ piano very much. A. the: the B. an play football in___ of the school building. A. a front B. fronts C. front D. the front ( ) 3 There’s going to be___English test---- next week. A. an; a . B. an; / C. the; a D. an; the ( ) 4 There is a map on ____ left of the picture. A.) 3 ____ poor in those days had a hard time. A. A B. This C. The D. Those ( ) 4 Not all ___ beautiful is good. A. the B. a C. / D. this 16( ) 1 They sailed along _____________ Yellow River for two weeks before they arrived ____________ home. A. /; / B. the; / C. the; the D. /; the ( ) 2 The students of our school climbed____ West Mountains. A. the B. this C. that D. / ( ) 3 The ship is sailing on____ Pacific Ocean A. a B. the C. / D. that 17( ) 1 -Excuse me, may I have ____water, please? -Sorry, there isn’t ____water in ____bottle. A. any; any; the B. some; some; a C. some; any; the D. some; any; a ( ) 2 It is known to all that ___ light travels faster than ___ sound. , A. /; / B. a; a C. the; the D. the; / ( ) 3 ____water (Water) is necessary in____ people’s everyday life. A. /; / B. The; / C. The; the D. /; the ( ) 4 I came here in____ autumn of 1982. A. one B. a C. an D. the 18( ) 1 ___ is the most difficult in this book. A. Lesson second B. The second lesson C. Second lesson D. Second lessons ( ) 2 Tuesday is___ third day of the week. A. the B. / C. a D. an ( ) 3 He is a student of____. A. class First B. the class one C. Class One D. First Class ( ) 4 We were so late getting to the theatre that we missed most of ____ A. the act first B. Act One C. act first D. first act ( ) 5 Flight Nineteen from New York to Washington is now arriving at __________ A. Gate Two B. the gate two C. the two gate D. second gate ( )6 He lived in____. A. the room 105 B. the 105 room C. the 105 of the room D. Room 105 19( ) 1 Reading ____books can add to knowledge.. A. a B. this C. / D. that ( ) 2 All of ____books here are Chinese. A. the B. / C. those D. that ( ) 3 He like ; sports, such as football, basketball and so on. A. / B. a C. the D. an 20( ) 1 -Where does Mikes it? -He sits ____. A. on any the right B. at the front of me C. on my left D. at the back of me ( ) 2 Me has ___ few English books. He lent me,___ few of them last week. . A. the; .a B. the; a C. a; the D. this; that ( ) 3 ____ Mr Smith is a teacher. A. The B. A C. This D. / ( ) 4 Monday is my ____ day. A. the busiest B. busy C. busier D. busiest 21( ) I Before ___ supper, I always play ___ football. A. a; the B. the; / C. /; / D. /; the ( ) 2 Let’s go and take a walk after ___ lunch. A. a B. the C. / D. this ( ) 3 We had a party after ___ meal that day. A. a B. the C. one D. ( ) 4 When we called, the family were at____ dinner. A. / B. the C. a D. an 22( ) 1 Mary became ___monitor of our class. A. a B. an C. / D. the ( ) 2 My father is____ chairman of the club. A. the B. / C. an D. this ( ) 3 He was made ___team leader. A. our B. that C. a D. the ( ) 4 -. Mr Wang is coming to our school tomorrow, A. / B. The C. An D. This ( ) 5 ____ mother (Mother) is loved by us. A. The B. . C. One D. That 23( ) 1 ___ learning (Learning) English is very interesting to me. A. / B. The C. A D. An ( ) 2 We all know that____ walking on the moon is very difficult, A. one B. the. C. / D. a ( ) 3 ___ running (Running) every morning is good for us. A. A B. / C. This D. That 24( ) 1 Shall we go to see our teacher? She is ill_________ A. in a hospital B. in the hospital C. in hospital D. in hospitals ( ) 2 Have you ever traveled on ____ train? A. the B. a ‘ C. an D. / ( ) 3 He is going to London by ___ sea. A. the B. a C. one D. / ( ) 4 Marco Polo and his father traveled by___. A. a ship B. ships C. ship D. the ship 25( ) 1 There is a book shop____. A. on my way school B. on my way to school C. on my way to the school D. in my way to school ( ) 2 I go to___ school on foot because my home is near___ school. A. a; a B. the; the C. /; / D. /; the ( ) 3 Mary has ___ high fever and she has to be in ___ hospital. A. a; / B. a; a C. /; / D. the; the ( ) 4 Don’t___. It’s bad ___your eyes. A. read in bed; to B. reading in bed; for C. read in the bed; for D. read in bed; for ( ) 5 He stole the money and they put him____. A. in prison B. to prison C. at the prison D. in the prison 26( )1. People often go to swim in___summer A. / B. a C. an D. the 2 The teacher is standing____ the class and giving his lessons. A. in the front of B. at the front of C. in front of D. at the front 3 Mary is fond of watching ____________ TV while Henry is interested in list_ home, I met a friend of mine. A. On my way B. On my way to the C. On one’s way D. On my way to 271 His brother worked out____ until it was twelve. A. problem after problem B. problem by problems C. a problem after a problem D. a problem by a problem 2 The farmers went on working, ____. A. hours after hours B. a hour after a hour C. an hour after an hour D. hour after hour 3 The students went out of the room___. A. one by two B. one by one C. two by another D. one by the other 1 . 1-6 c a d a c b 2. 1-5 b d b c d 3. 1-5 b b a b b 4.1- 5 c a b a d 5. 1-4 c b c b 6. 1-5 d c a d d 7. 1-5 d a b b c 8. 1-5 a a d d c 9 .1-5 c b b a b 10. 1-3 d d d 11. 1-5 c d b a d 12. 1-4 b c a c 13. 1-3 b c b 14. 1-5 a c b a a 15. 1-4 c d c a 16. 1-3 b a b 17. 1-4 c a a d 18. 1-6 b a c b a d 19. 1-3 c a a 20. 1-3 c c d d 21. 1-4 c c b a 22. 1-5 c b a a b 23. 1-3 a c b 24. 1-4 c a d c 25. 1-4 b d a d 26. 1-6 a a b d b a 27. 1-3 a d b