梅德明口译教材

( 第一篇   回顾与展望 回顾过去，东亚地区发生了深刻变化，取得了巨大进步。展望未来，我们可以满怀信心地说，推功东亚经济和社会发展达到新的水平，已经具备了比较良好的条件。 In retrospect, profound changes and tremendous progress have taken place in East Asia. Looking ahead, we can say with full confidence that relatively sound conditions exist for East Asia to raise its economic and social development to a new level. 维护地区的和平与稳定，发展经济科技，扩大互利合作，促进共同繁荣，成为东亚各国的共识。(东亚国家致力于在相互尊重、平等相待、互不干涉内政的基础上发展相互关系，通过友好协商妥善处理存在的某些分歧。(东亚政局稳定，国家关系良好。这为东亚各国保持经济持续增长，发展经济合作，创造了重要的前提条件。 It has become the shared understanding of East Asian countries to maintain regional peace and stability, develop the economy, science and technology, expand mutually beneficial cooperation, and promote common prosperity.( East Asian countries are committed to the development of their relations on the basis of mutual respect, treating one another as equals and non-interference in one another’s internal affairs and properly addressing some existing differences through friendly consultations.( With political stability, East Asian countries enjoy good relations among themselves. This has provided an important prerequisite for the sustained economic growth of East Asian countries and the development of their economic cooperation. 东亚国家具有相当的经济实力，有的进入了发达阶段，有的踏上了新兴工业化的航程，有的正在步入快速发展的行列。(这一地区拥有丰富的劳动力资源和自然资源，各国都在按照自己的实际情况确定发展战略，不断调整产业结构，转变增展方式，促进科技进步，加强对外经济联系。这为东亚各国开展经济合作提供了广阔的空间。 East Asian countries have built up significant economic strength. Some have entered the developed stage, others have joined the rank of newly industrialized nations, and still others have embarked on the road of rapid growth.( Endowed with rich human and natural resources, countries in this region have formulated their development strategies in light of their actual conditions, constantly readjusted their industrial structure, effected shifts in modes of growth, promoted scientific and technological progress, and strengthened external economic exchanges. All this has provided a broad scope for East Asian countries to engage in economic cooperation. 东亚各国人民在漫长的历史实践中创造了自己的优秀文化。(这种文化传统，以社会集体为重，崇尚自尊自强、艰苦奋斗、勤劳节俭、谦虚好学的美德，(处理人际关系提倡和洽协调，对待国际关系主张和平共处。(这是宝贵的精神财富。只要东亚各国结合本国的实际，顺应时代的潮流，弘扬和运用这些具有东方特色的文化传统和智慧，同时经济吸取世界各国人民创造的一切进步文明成果，就可以为不断发展东亚经济合作提供精神动力。 Through their long histories, the peoples of East Asian countries have created their own fine cultural traditions.( These cultural traditions attach great value to social communities uphold such virtues as self-strengthening arduous effort, industriousness, frugality modesty and eagerness to learn. (They stress harmony in handling human relations and stand for peaceful coexistence in international relations. (These cultural conditions constitute valuable spiritual legacy. As long as East Asian countries keep up with the trend of the times and carry forward and apply those cultural traditions and wisdom with oriental features in light of their actual national conditions while vigorously absorbing all fruits of human progress and civilization, the development of economic cooperation in East Asia will be further boosted by these spiritual motivations. 总之，从政治、经济、文化、地缘等各方面看，东亚都是当今世界一支不可忽视的力量。东亚经济发展的前景是光明的。 All in all, East Asia in today’s world is a force that cannot be ignored politically, economically, culturally or geographically. The prospect for East Asia’s economic development is promising. 当然，在充分看到东亚经济发展取得成就的同时，也要正视前进中存在的困难和障碍。(例如，东亚国家不同程度地存在不合理的经济结构，不健全的金融体制，粗放型的增长方式，滞后的基础设施建设，以及沉重的人口和环保压力等问题，(都需要认真对待，切实加以解决。 Of course, while fully recognizing the economic achievements in East Asia, we must also look squarely into the difficulties and obstacles on the road ahead. (For instance East Asian countries suffer, to varying degrees, from untenable economic structures, flawed financial systems, crude modes of growth, backward infrastructures and the enormous pressures brought about by over-population and the increasing need for environmental controls. (These problems need to be addressed seriously and resolved effectively. 近年来发生在东南亚的金融危机，给人们以深刻启示。(金融体系的正常运行，对经济全局的稳定和发展至关重要。(在各国经济联系日益密切的条件下，保持健康稳定的金融形势，需要各国在完善金融的体制、政策和监管上进行努力，需要加强国际和地区的金融合作，需要共同防范国际游资过度投机。这样才能有效地维护国际金融秩序。* Southeast Asia’s recent financial crisis has taught people a profound lesson. (Normal functioning of the financial system is crucial to overall economic stability and development. (To maintain a sound and stable financial order in a closely intertwined global economy, it is imperative for countries to work to improve there financial system, policies and supervision, to strengthen both regional and international financial cooperation and jointly ward off excessive speculation by international hot money. Only by doing so can we effectively maintain the international financial order. 我们相信，经过共同努力，东亚各国人民一定能够在新的世纪中，创造更加美好的未来。 We believe that as long as we work together, the peoples of East Asia will certainly build a better future in the new century. ( 第二篇   回归颂 香港回归祖国诗中华民族的盛事，也是全世界瞩目的一件大事。(中华民族雪洗了百年耻辱，振奋了民族精神，感到无比的骄傲和自豪。 The return of Hong Kong to the motherland is both a great victory for the Chinese nation and a great event attracting worldwide attention. (It has wiped out the century-old humiliation of the Chinese nation and activated the national spirit, and we are very proud of it. 香港实现平稳过渡，标志着邓小平“一国两制”构想的巨大成功，对澳门回归和解决台湾问题，实现祖国完全统一将起到积极的推动作用。(香港自回归祖国以来，保持了原有的社会、经济不变，生活方式不变和法律基本不变，(“一国两制”、“港人治港”、高度自治的方针和香港特别行政区基本法得到全面贯彻执行。(香港社会稳定，人心稳定，经济保持稳健运行。 The smooth transition of power in Hong Kong is a great success attributable to Deng Xiaoping’s concept of “one country, two systems” and will facilitate the return of Macao to the motherland and the solution of the Taiwan issue, all with a view to achieving the complete reunification of the motherland. (Since its return, Hong Kong’s previous socioeconomic system and way of life have remained unchanged and its laws have been kept basically unchanged.( The policies of “one country, two systems”, and “Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong” with a high degree of autonomy, and the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region have been implemented in an all-round way.( Hong Kong now enjoys social stability, its residents have a sense of security and its economy is developing smoothly. 中央政府全力支持香港特别行政区政府的工作，支持香港为应付东南亚金融风暴的冲击而采取的措施。(我们高兴地看到，香港特别行政区作为独立的选举单位，选出自己的全国人大代，出席本次大会，参与管理国家大事。(香港回归祖国以来已经有了一个良好的开端，也一定会有更加美好的未来。 The central government has given full support to the government of HKSAR in its work and in the measures it has taken for dealing with the impact of the financial crises in Southeast Asian countries. (We are pleased to see that, as an independent constituency, HKSAR has elected deputies to attend this congress and participate in the administration of state affairs. (Hong Kong’s return has had a good beginning and Hong Kong’s future will be even brighter. ( 第三篇     文化交流 现代化的交通、电信与大众传媒手段使世界越来越小，(国际社会如同一个地球村，居住在地球村里的各国人民在文化交流和冲撞中和睦相处、彼此尊重、共求发展。 Modern means of transportation, telecommunication and mass media have shortened the geographical distance of the world. (The international community appears to be no more than a global village, in which peoples of all nations experience the inevitable cultural exchanges and clashes, while seeking common development in a harmonious and respectful relationship. 我赞同这种的看法：当代社会的民族文化不可能在自我封闭的状态下得到发展。(在我看来，不同的文化应该相互学习，取长补短。(当然，在广泛的文化交流中，一个民族的文化必须保持本民族的鲜明特色。我认为，文化交流不是让外来文化吞没自己的文化，而是为了丰富各民族的文化。 I’m with the view that in this modern world, the culture of any nation cannot develop in isolation.( And I believe that different cultures should learn from each other’s strengths to offset their own weaknesses. (Of course, the culture of a nation must withhold its own distinctive national characteristics in its extensive exchange with other cultures. Cultural exchange, I think, is by no means a process of losing one’s own culture to a foreign culture, but a process of enriching each other’s national cultures. ( 第四篇  外交基石 中国将坚定不移地综合执行和平独立的外交政策。(中国的外交政策是为了争取长期健康的国际环境，尤其是争取有利于中国社会主义现代化建设的环境，有利于维护世界和平、促进共同发展的环境。 China will unswervingly carry out its independent foreign policy of peace in a comprehensive manner.( China’s foreign policy serves to gain a long-term, sound international environment. Particularly, the policy aims to achieve an environment conducive to China’s socialist modernization drive, the maintenance of world peace and the promotion of joint development. 中国将继续加强同发展中国家，特别是周边国家的积极关系，坚持睦邻友好的政策。(我们要贯彻中国—东盟非正式首脑会议的成果，加强面向21世纪的相互信任的中国—东盟伙伴关系。(我们要进一步在广泛领域里同西方发达国家进行合作与交流。(我们要加强同非洲、拉丁美洲、南亚、中欧和东欧的团结与合作，努力建立公正与合理的国际政治秩序和国际经济秩序。 China will continue to foster positive relationships with the developing countries and especially surrounding countries, persisting in a good-neighborly and friendly policy.( We will implement the outcome of the China-ASEAN informal summit and intensify the China-ASEAN partnership of mutual trust oriented toward the 21st century. (We will further develop extensive cooperation and exchange with the developed countries of the west in a wide range of areas.(We will also strengthen unity and cooperation with countries in Africa, Latin America, South Asia, and Central and Eastern Europe, striving to establish a just and rational international political and economic order. 中国还将继续参与全球性、洲际性和地区性的多边外交活动，(在联合国改革、地区冲突、维护和平、裁军、军备控制和环境保护方面发挥建设性的作用。 China will continue to take part in multilateral diplomatic activities of a global, intercontinental and regional nature, (and play a constructive role in the affairs of UN reform, the settlement of regional conflicts, peace-keeping, disarmament, arms control and environmental protection. ( 第五篇  南方园林 中国园林可分为御花园和私家花园两类。(前者都见于北方，后者则多见于南方，尤以苏州、无锡和南京三地为甚。 Chinese gardens can be divided into two categories, the imperial and the private. (The former are seen most frequently in northern China, while more of the latter can be found in the south, especially in Suzhou, Wuxi and Nanjing. 南方私家花园中的溪、桥、山、亭，小巧玲珑，布局精明，尽显其自然美，令人赏心悦目。(桥大多为石桥，有直桥、曲桥、拱桥。(直桥其实是一块不加装饰的石板，通常与河岸或河水齐高，给人一种临水的感觉。(曲桥设有低栏杆，西湖上的九曲桥就属此桥。拱桥可以分为单拱桥和多拱桥两种。园内的小溪虽占地不多，却同小桥与石屿相得益彰，浑然一体。 Small and delicate, cleverly laid out and pleasing to eye, the streams, bridges, rockeries and pavilion of a private Chinese garden reveal a natural beauty of their own.( Most of the bridges in these gardens are of stone, including straight, winding and arched bridges. (The straight bridge consists of just one stone slab without any decoration, and is usually level with the riverbank or with the river to make the visitors feel as if they are surrounded by water. (The winding bridge has low balustrades [bǽləs’treid]. The arch bridges can be divided into the single-arch and the multi-arch varieties. Streams in these gardens do not cover a large area, but fit in well with bridges and islets [´ailit] to yield a uniformed effect. 石头与假山是中国南方园林的特色。奇形怪状的石头常带有引人注目的波纹线条和水孔。(硕大的石头可自成一景，而较小的石块则堆积成假山，为园林增添无比魅力。(走廊是中国园林的另一大特色，有河边的河廊，花丛中的花廊，柳树丛中的柳廊，竹林中的竹廊。(对客人来说，这些走廊可谓是优秀导游，在一座大花园里沿廊而行，可以观赏园内的各处景观。 Rocks and rockeries are special features of southern Chinese gardens. Stones of grotesque forms are often attractive with undulated lines and water holes.( Some large stones form sceneries of their own, while smaller ones are put together to form artificial hills to add to the fantastic attractiveness of the garden. (Corridors form another feature of Chinese gardens. There are water corridors built along a riverside, flower corridors inserted among flowers, willow corridors among rows of willow, and bamboo corridors among rows of bamboo. (For visitors, these corridors are good travel guides leading to various views of a big garden. 形态各异的窗户点缀在走廊上，有方形，有圆形，有六角形，也有八角形。(许多窗户的图案也都装饰得非常美丽，游客可以透过这些艳丽多彩的走廊窗户，将园内的佳境尽收眼底。(园林的大门同窗户一样也雕刻成各种形状，给环境带来了生气，增添了雅趣。 Corridors are dotted by windows of various shapes—square, round, hexagonal and octagonal.( Many of the windows are decorated with very beautiful patterns and designs. Tourists can have an excellent view of the garden through these colorful corridor windows. (The doors to the gardens, like the windows, are also carved in many different shapes, to bring more vividness and elegance to the surroundings. 花园的墙壁通常粉刷成白色。隐匿在鲜花、树木、小山丛中的白墙，与灰瓦褐窗形成强烈的反差。(白墙上树影婆娑，池塘中柳枝起舞，在园中徜徉的游客，也许能在这世外桃源里真正地享受片刻安宁。 Walls of these gardens are usually painted white. Hidden among the flowers, trees and hills, white walls stand in sharp contrast to the gray tiles and brown windows.( Strolling about these gardens, with the tree shadows swaying on the white wall and willow reflections dancing in the ponds, tourists may then find themselves truly enjoying a moment of peace and relaxation in this paradise beyond the turmoil of the world. ( 第六篇    西藏问题 西藏问题是中国的内政，不应该影响中英关系的发展。(至于达赖喇嘛所说的他不要求西藏独立，只要高度自治，这已不是他第一次提出来的。(这只是他想在西藏恢复统治、进而取得独立的第一步。事实已经证明达赖喇嘛从未放弃西藏独立的企图。他继续在国际舞台上从事类似活动。(我们希望他放弃自己的立场，停止分裂祖国的活动，承认中华人民共和国政府是代表全中国的唯一合法政府。只有在这样的条件下才能进行谈判。 The issue of Tibet is an internal affair of China which should not influence the development of Sino-British relations. (As for the Dalai Lama’s remarks that he did not want to achieve independence of Tibet, but high level autonomy, this is not the first time he has made this proposal.( This is merely the first step toward restoration of his rule over Tibet prior to achieving independence. Facts have proved that Dalai Lama has never given up his attempt to gain independence for Tibet. He is continuously carrying out such activities in the international arena. (We hope he can give up his position and stop his activities to split the motherland, and recognize the government of the People’s Republic of China as the only legal government representing the whole of China. Only under such circumstances can negotiations be conducted. ( 第七篇 人权 联合国人权会议应该是一个讨论人类共同面临的问题、促进人权事业发展的场所。推动人权进步是人类的共同愿望。(然而，人权是一个有历史渊源的发展的概念。人类的人权状况因每个国家的经济发展水平、社会制度、文化传统、历史背景和价值观念的不同而有所不同。因此有争议是自然的。(这些争议可以通过磋商、对话和不干涉别国的内政加以解决，这已成为国际社会的共识。 The UN Human Rights Conference should be a place where the common problems of mankind are discussed and the human rights cause promoted. It is the common wish of mankind to push forward progress in human rights.( However, the human rights concept is a developmental concept stemming from history. Human rights conditions vary due to the differences of individual countries in terms of economic development, social system, cultural tradition, historical background and value concepts. It is natural that disputes arise. (The disputes can be handled through consultation and dialogue without some countries interfering in other countries’ internal affairs. This has long been the consensus within the international community. 我认为，一个国家的人权状况如何应该依据这个国家的普通老百姓能否享有政治权、经济权、文化权、受教育权以及生存权来衡量。(中国人民在中国人权状况问题上最有发言权。中国作为一个发展中国家，其人权状况有双重含义：(首先我们的人权状况正在发展和改善。其次，正因为我们的人权状况仍在发展过程中，因而有些问题的出现是不可避免的，需要得到改进。因为人权不完善，所以需要发展。 In my view, a country’s human rights conditions should be estimated based on whether or not the general public of the country can enjoy political, economic, cultural, educational and subsistence rights. (The Chinese people are most eligible to have a say in the issue regarding the human rights situation in China. As China is a developing country, its human rights situation has a two-fold meaning: (Firstly, our human rights conditions are developing and improving; and secondly, as they are still in the process of development, some problems unavoidable exist and need improving. Because human rights are not perfect, they need to develop. 了解中国历史的人都知道，中国目前的人权状况是历史上最好的。同过去相比，我们有充分的言论自由。(有个海外朋友告诉我，他在访问北京后发现那里的人敢说任何事。他们谈论政府的政策，有表示赞同的，也有提出批评的。(中国现在更加开放。当然，每个民族有自己的民族特点，这些特点应该受到别人的尊重。中华民族有自己的思维方式和生活方式，应该受到其他民族的尊重。 Anyone who knows about Chinese history believes that the current human rights situation in China is the best in history. Compared to the past, we are very free in speech. (An overseas friend told me that after he visited Beijing he discovered that people there would dare say anything. They talked about the central government’s policies, and praised or criticized them. (China is now opening even wider. Of course, each nationality has its own national features which should be respected. The Chinese nation also has its own mode of thinking and lifestyle, which should be respected by other nations. 中国政府一直十分重视人权问题，并按普遍原则和具体国情为人权的改善付出了很大的努力。(20年的改革开放大大改善了中国人民的物质生活。此外，随着国家民主法治建设的日趋完善，中国人民在民主监督、参政议政和宗教信仰等方面享有更多的政治权利。(迄今为止，中国已加入了18项国际人权公约，其中包括《经济、社会与文化权利国际公约》和《公民权利与政治权利国际公约》。中国将继续努力促进人权的进步，并愿意为全球的人权事业作出应有的贡献。 The Chinese government has always attached great importance to the issue of human rights and made great efforts in improving human rights according to the general principles and concrete national conditions. (20 years of reform and opening up have witnessed great improvement in the material life of the Chinese people. Moreover, with the increasing perfection of the nation’s democratic and legal construction, they are enjoying more political rights in democratic supervision, participation in and discussion on politics and religious belief.( China has so far signed 18 international agreements on human rights, including the Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. China will continue to make efforts to promote progress in human rights, and is willing to make its due contribution to the cause of global human rights. ( 第八篇   中餐烹饪与菜系 说起中餐，人们都知道中餐烹饪以其“色、香、味、形”俱全而著称于世。中国悠久的历史、广袤的疆土、好客的习俗，这些都孕育了中餐烹饪的独特艺术(。中餐烹饪讲究原料的选配、食物的质地、佐料的调制、切菜的刀工、适时的烹调，以及装盘艺术。(最负盛名的中餐菜系有南方的粤菜、北方的鲁菜、东部的淮扬菜和西部的川菜，素有“南淡北咸，东甜西辣”之特点。 In terms of Chinese food, it is popularly recognized that Chinese cuisine is world-famous for its perfect combination of “color, aroma, taste and appearance”. China’s unique culinary art owes itself to the country’s long history, vast territory and hospitable tradition.( Chinese cuisine gives emphasis to the selection of raw materials, the texture of food, the blending of seasonings slicing techniques, the perfect timing of cooking and the art of laying out the food on the plate, (among the best-known schools of Chinese culinary tradition are the Cantonese cuisine of the south, the Shandong cuisine of the north, the Huai-Yang cuisine of the east and the Sichuan cuisine of the west. These four major varieties of Chinese food have been traditionally noted as “the light flavor of the south, the salty flavor of the north, the sweet flavor of the east and the spicy-hot flavor of the west”. ( 第九篇   全面合作 我们双方已一致同意建立面向21世纪的睦邻互信伙伴关系。为了实现这个目标，我愿在这里提出以下几点意见： Our two sides have agreed to establish a good-neighborly partnership of mutual trust oriented towards the 21st century. To reach this goal, I would like to offer my observations as follows: ——充分运用已经确立的全面对话合作机制，拓展双方在各个领域、各个层次、各个渠道的交流与合作，(加强双方领导人和各界人士之间的交往，增进信任，扩大共识，加强友谊。 We should make the best use of the existing mechanism of all-round dialogue and cooperation to broaden our exchanges and cooperation in all areas, at all levels and through all channels,( and strengthen the exchanges and contacts between leaders and people from all walks of life of our two sides to enhance our mutual trust, expand common ground and promote friendship. ——本着优势互补、互利互惠的原则，把双方经贸、科技合作摆到重要地位，(加强在资源、技术、市场、金融、信息、人力资源开发以及投资等领域的合作，以利于相互促进，共同发展。 We should give priority to our economic relations and trade, scientific and technological cooperation between our two sides in accordance with the principle of drawing on each other’s comparative advantages and mutual benefit( and reinforce the cooperation in the areas of resources, technology marketing, banking, information, human resources development and investment to promote common progress. ——在一些重大的地区和国际问题上，在联合国、亚太经合组织、亚欧会议以及东盟地区论坛中，加强双方的相互对话，相互协调，相互支持，(共同维护发展中国家的正当权益，促进发展中国家公正平等、不受歧视地参与国际经济决策和运行。 We should intensify two-way dialogue, coordination and mutual support between our two sides on major regional and international issues and in the United Nations, APEC(Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation), AES(Asia-Europe Summit) and ARF(ASEAN Regional Forum)( with a view to jointly safeguarding the legitimate rights an