冠词

nullnullnull1.冠词的种类及用法：中冠词出现的次数最多, 要多注意其用法, 冠词有两种:   2. “a” 用于辅音之前: a man，a woman; “an”用于元音之前: an apple，an egg。但要注意：null 一、不定冠词(a，an)的用法 用 法 a = one  (示一个)   There is a book on the desk．(桌上有一本书。) Rome was not built in a day.(罗马不是一日建成的。)A dog is a faithful animal.= The dog is a faithful animal =Dogs are faithful animals  (狗是忠实的动物。 )Birds of a feather flock together．(物以类聚。) They are of an age． (他们是同年的。)null    4       a = per (每一)  He came home twice a month. (他每月回家两次。) We work eight hours a day. (我们每天工作八小时。)    5       a = a certain (某一个)   Do you know a Mr. Smith? (你认识一位史密斯先生吗?) A Mr.Brown called on you (有一位布朗先生拜访你。)   6   a = one like   (像…的人) He wishes to become an Edison．(他希望成为像爱迪生那样的发明家。)   nullI have a cat．The cat is white． This is the most interesting story I have ever heard．/ He was the first man to come here. / Man is the only animal that can talk．null by the+计量名词 (按 / 论 / 以…计)   4 They are paid by the month(或hour) (论月[钟点]计酬。) by the dozen(按打)／by the pound(按磅) He took me by the hand． (他抓住了我的手。) He hit me on the head． He kicked me on the hip． (他踢我的臀部。)    9   ①The rich(=Rich people)are not always happier than the poor． (富人未必比穷人快乐。) ②The beautiful (Beauty) lives forever． (美是不朽的。) He is the student who l taught． The lamps on the wall are very pretty. [注意]名词后接从句或短语不一定要加the: (比较)He is the principal of our schoo1.[特定] He is a teacher of our school． 许多老师当中的一位(非特定的) null 三、专有名词与定冠词 nullnullthe Pacific Ocean(太平洋) the Red Sea(红海) the Yellow River(黄海) the Suez Canal(苏伊士运河) the Sun Moon Lake(日月潭) the White House(白宫) The Grand Hotel(北京贵宾楼 the British Museum (大英博物馆)the Bible(圣经) the Times(泰晤士报) the People’s Daily人民日报nullnullDo you often take a nap after lunch? (午饭后常午睡吗?) breakfast, supper, dinnerEnglish isn’t difficult to learn. mathematics, chemistry history, geography 上述学科如做修饰语时, 则其前要加冠词。 The English language isn’t difficult to learn.He was chosen chairman of the conference． (他被选为会议的主席。) Brown，leader of the class，is an able man．(布朗，我们的班长，是一个有能力的人。)nullby ship坐船 by sea 由海路 by land由陆路 by taxi 坐出租 by car / by bike / by plane 坐飞机 by train / by letter 以信件 by radio / telephone / fax / post / mail / E-mail / satellite 用…… They like to play baseball. (basketball, football, tennis…) 他们喜欢打棒球。 He is playing chess with his friend. 他正和他的朋友在下棋.What kind of car do you want to buy? She is a different type of woman. (她是不同型的女人。)nullchurch, bed hospital等名词,指用途时不用冠词,指场所时要用冠词。 go to school / go to bed go to church(做礼拜) go to college(上大学) He is very ill, and has to go to hospital. 表示用途。 I am going to the hospital to visit a sick friend. 表示场所Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。 Gold is more expensive than silver．(金比银贵。) 注意: 物质、抽象名词原则上不可有冠词, 但被限定时也要加the。物质名词: ①We can’t drink the water which is not clean． ②The kindness of my friend is unforgettable． [抽象名词] (吾友之仁慈令人难忘。)null五、冠词的位置 What a big nose she has! (她有一个好大的鼻子!) He was such a nice man．(他是个大好人。) Many a man believes the story． (许多人都相信这个故事。) All the students are here. (全体学生都在这里。) Both the sisters attended the meeting． (两个姊妹都参加了会议。)nullIt is too good a chance to be lost． (大好机会不容错过。) How pretty a flower it is! (这是多么美丽的花!) I have never seen so kind a man． (我从未见过如此善心的人士。) He is as kind a man as you． (他是和你一样善心的人。)+ 形容词 a (n) + 名词null 4 句型   冠词 + 名词 and 名词:指同一人或物 冠词 + 名词 and 冠词 +名词: 指两个不同的人或物      例 句   I have a red and white flower． (我有一朵红白相间的花。) I have a red and a white flowers． (我有一朵红花和一朵白花；共两朵花。) I met a teacher and doctor． (我遇到了一位老师兼医生。) I met a teacher and a doctor． (我遇到了一位老师和一位医生。)null六.1.短语中带有不定冠词a的惯用语，如：as a rule as a whole all of a sudden a great deal of a number of at a loss in a hurry a bit a few a little a piece of a glass of a pile of a pair of have a good time for a while(照例) (整个来看) (突然) (很多) (许多) (茫然不知) (匆忙地) (有点, 稍微) (几个) (一点儿) (一块 / 张 / 片/ 篇) (一杯) (一堆) (一对, 一双) (玩得愉快) (暂时)nullarm in arm day after day face to face hand in hand day and night side by side step by step from beginning to end from door to door from hand to mouth from head to foot from morning till night from cover to cover from place to place2.名词成对出现的成语里,常省去不定冠词a, 如:(挽臂；携手) (一天又一天) (面对面) (手牵着手) (日以继夜) (肩并肩) (一步一步地) (从头到尾) (挨家挨户) (仅够糊口) (全身) (从早到晚) (自始至终) (到处)