会计每月应做

P4GrammarModule4CarnivalObjectives1.Toreviewthepassivevoice2.Tolearntowritesentencesinthepassivevoice InEurope,carnivalwasfollowedby40dayswithoutmeat.2.Today,carnivalinVeniceiscelebratedforfivedaysinFebruary.3.Hotelsarefullybookedandthenarrowstreetsarecrowdedwithwonderfulcostumes.4.Inthelate1970sthetraditionwasrevivedbystudents.5.Theirusewaslimitedbylaws,thefirstofwhichdatesbacktothefourteenthcentury.6.Thetowncouncilrealisedthatcarnivalwasgoodforbusiness,andfestivalwasdevelopedfortourists.7.RiceisgrowninmanyotherAsiancountries.8.ResearcherswerebroughtinfromalloverChina.9.Theresearchwassupportedbythegovernment.10.Intheory,theroadcanonlybeusedbytrafficgoinguphillfrom8inthemorning.go InEurope,carnival___________(follow)by40dayswithoutmeat.2.Today,carnivalinVenice___________(celebrate)forfivedaysinFebruary.3.Hotels______________(fullybook)andthenarrowstreetsarecrowdedwithwonderfulcostumes.4.Inthelate1970sthetradition_________(revive)bystudents.5.Theiruse___________(limit)bylaws,thefirstofwhichdatesbacktothefourteenthcentury.wasfollowediscelebratedarefullybookedwasrevivedwaslimited6.Thetowncouncilrealisedthatcarnivalwasgoodforbusiness,andfestival_____________(develop)fortourists.7.Rice_________(grow)inmanyotherAsiancountries.8.Researchers___________(bring)infromalloverChina.9.Theresearch_____________(support)bythegovernment.10.Intheory,theroadcanonly_______(use)bytrafficgoinguphillfrom8inthemorning.wasdevelopedisgrownwerebroughtwassupportedbeused以上我们已经通过归纳和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面就让我们根据之前练习的考察情况进一步选择讲解该语法项的重难点。语态(Voice)是动词的一种形式，它示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。被动语态(PassiveVoice)表示句子的主语是动作的承受者。其句子的谓语动词是：be+V-ed形式。指出句中的主谓宾语。Wekeptfoodinthefridge.Wemustclosethewindowsandthedoor.SV.O.SV.O.Foodwaskept(byus)inthefridge.Thewindowsandthedoormustbeclosed.使用被动语态的情况：Manyhouseswillbebuilthere.ThesongTheEastisRedwaswrittenbyapoorpeasant.1.不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者。2.强调动作的承受者。TheplanwassupportedbythosewhowishedtohavemorechancestospeakEnglish.Youarerequestedtoattendthemeeting.3.动作的执行者有较长的修饰语。4.出于礼貌，不愿意说出动作执行者。be+doneam/is/are一般现在时am/is/are+being现在进行时shall/will+be一般将来时have/has+been现在完成时被动语态的构成be+donewas/were一般过去时was/were+being过去进行时would+be过去将来时had+been过去完成时Correctmistakes:Thisroomisbelongedtome.Thismusicissoundedsweet.belongstosounds1.只有及物动词和及物动词短语才可以有被动语态。不及物动词,不及物动词短语或系动词没有被动语态。如:happen,goon,takeplace,belongto,sound,feel等。2.有些动词常用主动形式表示被动的意思，如:open,write,read,sell,wash,measure等。a.Yourarticlereadswell.b.ThistypeofcarsellswellinChina.c.Thishallmeasures100metreslongand60metreswide.Itissaidthat…Itisreportedthat…Itishopedthat…Itiswellknownthat…Itisbelievedthat…Itmustbepointedoutthat…3.在一些固定句型中常用被动语态。Itisreportedthatanotherman-madesatellitewillbesentupintospacenextmonth.Anotherman-madesatelliteisreportedtobesentupintospacenextmonth.据报道，下个月又一颗人造卫星将被发射。Thethreemissingsailorsarebelievedtohavedrowned.Itisbelievedthatthethreemissingsailorshavedrowned.人们认为这三个失踪的海员已经淹死了。例如：ItissaidthatLiPingwillstudyabroad.LiPingissaidtostudyabroad.ItissaidthatLiPingisstudyingabroad.LiPingissaidtobestudyingabroad.LiPingissaidtohavestudiedabroad.LiPingissaidtohavebeenstudyingabroad.ItissaidthatLiPingstudiedabroad.ItissaidthatLiPinghasbeenstudyingabroad.FirefighterscouldbetrainedusingRealCine.Thepositionoftheviewercanbecalculatedatanytime.4.情态动词的被动语态可以用来表示能力、可能性、责任等。1.Theviewercantouchtheobjectsinthefilm.2.Theviewermayfeelarealsenseofachievementandhappiness.3.RealCinemightnotimpresssomeviewers.Theobjectsinthefilmcanbetouched.Arealsenseofachievementandhappinessmaybefelt.SomeviewersmightnotbeimpressedbyRealCine.Moreexample:4.TeacherscoulduseRealCineintheclassroomtoo.5.Film-makersshoulduseRealCineforallfilms.6.ScientistsoughttodevelopRealCinefurther.7.Theviewermustwearspecialgloves.RealCinecouldbeusedintheclassroomtoo.RealCineshouldbeusedforallfilms.RealCineoughttobedevelopedfurther.Specialglovesmustbeworn.ThelongnovelwaswrittenbyMr.LuXuninthe1920s.Thelongnoveliswellwritten,isn’tit?Theglasswasbrokenbyhislittlesonyesterday.Look,theglassisbroken!Whobrokeit?被动语态被动语态系表结构系表结构5.注意区别被动语态与系表结构：被动语态表示动作，句子主语是该动作的承受者，过去分词表示动作；而系表结构表示状态，说明主语的特点或所处的状态。1.Mysister______agoodchancetogoabroadforfurthereducation.A.offeredB.wasofferingC.hasofferedD.wasoffered2.Abook____morethanonceifyouwanttounderstanditbetter.A.mustbereaded  B.mustberead  C.musttoberead  D.mustreadChoosethebestanswers.3.Everypossiblemeans____topreventtheairpollution,butskyisstillnotclear.A.isusedB.areusedC.haveusedD.hasbeenused4.—GeorgeandLucygotmarriedlastweek.Didyougototheirwedding?—No.I__.Didtheyhaveabigwedding? wasnotinvitedB.havenotbeeninvitedC.hadn’tbeeninvitedD.didn’tinviteFillintheblankswiththerightformofthewordsgiven. I__________(give)anewbookbymyfatheronmybirthday. English_________(find)veryuseful.3.Thework______________(finish)tomorrow.4.Theflowers________________(water)bythemnow.wasgivenisfoundwillbefinishedarebeingwatered5.Therailway______________(build)thistimelastyear.6.Thenewway____already_________(build).7.Thenewrailway____________(build)bytheendoflastyear.8.Hetoldmethesportsmeeting_____________(hold)thenextmonth.9.Rice________(grow)inthesouthoftheStates.wasbeingbuilthasbeenbuilthadbeenbuiltwouldbeheldisgrown汉译英1.令我们吃惊的是,比尔的父亲被投入狱。2.这种布很好洗。3.电脑将在明天修好。4.据说他是一个聪明的的孩子。5.这支笔写起来流畅。6.新机器正在。7.2012年，奥运会将在伦敦举办。8.我被他的鬼故事吓着了。Answers1.令我们吃惊的是,比尔的父亲被投入狱。2.这种布很好洗。3.电脑将在明天修好。4.据说他是一个聪明的男孩。Heissaidtobeacleverboy.Thecomputerwillberepairedtomorrow.Theclothwasheswell.Tooursurprise,Bill’sfatherhasbeenputintoprison.5.这支笔写起来很流畅。6.新机器正在检测。7.2012年，奥运会将在伦敦举办。8.我被他的鬼故事吓着了。Thispenwritessmoothly.Thenewmachineisbeingtested.Intheyear2012,theOlympicsistobeheldinLondon.Iwasfrightenedbyhisghoststory.2.主动语态改为被动语态的四个步骤：a.先找出谓语动词；b.然后找出谓语动词后的宾语；c.再把宾语用作被动语态中的主语；d.最后注意人称、时态和数的变化。1.复习被动语态的各种形式。1.Allvisitorstothisvillage________withkindness.A.treatB.aretreatedC.aretreatingD.hadbeentreated2.Inthenearfuture,moreadvancesintherobottechnology______byscientists.A.aremakingB.aremadeC.willmakeD.willbemake3.Thelettersfortheboss_____onhisdeskbuthedidn’treadthemuntilthreedayslater.A.wereputB.wasputC.putD.hasput4.Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecausetheirownhouse____.A.isbeingrebuiltB.hasbeenrebuiltC.isrebuiltD.hasrebuilt5.—Sowhatistheprocedure?—Alltheapplicants beforeafinaldecisionismadebytheauthority.A.interview B.areinterviewingC.areinterviewed D.arebeinginterviewed6.Weareconfidentthattheenvironment____byourfurthereffortstoreducepollution.A.hadbeenimprovedB.willbeimprovedC.isimprovedD.wasimproved7.Ifnothing______,theoceanswillturnintofishdeserts.A.does B.hadbeendone C.willdo D.isdone8.Shakespeare’splayHamlet______intoatleasttendifferentfilmsoverthepastyears.A.hadbeenmadeB.wasmadeC.hasbeenmadeD.wouldbemade9.Unlessextramoney______,thetheatrewillclose.A.wasfoundB.findsC.isfoundD.found阅读下面，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Wehaveanoldmusicalinstrument.It_______(call)aclavichord(古钢琴).It_________(make)inGermanyin1681.Ourclavichord______(keep)inthelivingroom.Ithasbelongedtoourfamilyforalongtime.Theinstrument___________(buy)bymygrandfathermanyyearsago.Recentlyit_____________(damage)byavisitor.Shetriedtoplayjazzonit!Shestruckthekeystoohardandtwoofthestringswerebroken.Myfatherwasshocked.Nowwe______________(allow)totouchit.It________________(repair)byafriendofmyfather'snextweek.iscalledwasmadeiskeptwasboughtwasdamagedwillberepairedarenotallowed