马来西亚国家石油公司学者领导发展计划

PETRONAS Scholars’ Leadership Development Program (SLDP) GUIDE © Copyright 2007 Petroliam Nasional Berhad Contents INTRODUCTION 2 PETRONAS Leadership Philosophy 2 Leadership Dimensions 2 Foundational Behaviours 2 Leadership Competencies 4 OVERVIEW OF THE SLDP 5 Self-Directed Learning 5 Program Overview 5 SLDP Workbook 6 Progress Summary and Completion Record 6 HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE 7 SLDP Guide 7 SLDP Workbook 7 Explanation of Icons 7 LEVEL ONE ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. Training Session(s) 8 Experiential Activities 9 Workshop 12 Summary of Level One SLDP Requirements 12 LEVEL TWO ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. Training Session(s) 13 Experiential Activities 13 Workshop 15 Summary of Level Two SLDP Requirements 16 LEVEL THREE ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. Training Session(s) 17 Experiential Activities 17 Workshop 19 Summary of Level Three SLDP Requirements 20 HELPFUL RESOURCES 21 Websites: Leadership 21 Websites: The Petrochemical Industry 22 Books : Leadership 23 Books: The Petrochemical Industry 27 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 30 © Copyright 2007 Petroliam Nasional Berhad 1 Introduction The PETRONAS Scholars’ Leadership Development Program (SLDP) is designed to assist all scholars to develop the required Foundational Behaviours and leadership skills and competencies they will require as PETRONAS employees. These behaviours, skills and competencies will be invaluable assets for all scholars, whether they are ultimately employed by PETRONAS or elsewhere in their communities. Below is a brief outline of the PETRONAS Leadership Philosophy, Leadership Dimensions, Foundational Behaviours, and the leadership competencies desired for graduating PETRONAS scholars. Additional and more detailed information will be provided through SLDP training sessions and workshops. Experiential activities of the SLDP will also assist scholars to gain practical experience of leadership and a deeper understanding of the behaviours, dimensions and competencies needed for effective leadership. PETRONAS Leadership Philosophy The four key elements of the PETRONAS Leadership Philosophy are: - Leadership qualities are in everyone - Foundational behaviours for an environment where leaders can flourish - Leaders are opportunity specific - Stretch opportunities create outperforming leaders Leadership Dimensions Four Leadership Dimensions are the core of effective leadership at PETRONAS; - Inspires Followers - Develops People - Behaves as Owner - Outperforms Foundational Behaviours Foundational behaviours are needed across the organization in order to foster leadership development. Foundational behaviours encourage and nourish leadership behaviours and apply to all PETRONAS staff, both executives and non-executives. © Copyright 2007 Petroliam Nasional Berhad 2 PETRONAS Scholars’ Leadership Development Program Guide The four Foundational Behaviours are: Reach Out; Develop People; Take Initiative; Be a Learner. Reach Out Building network both internally and externally that can be called upon for support: - Able to work as a team - Actively builds relationships within department/unit outside of current job scope (looks for opportunities to do this) - Good communicator who can express ideas clearly to others - Generous with sharing information, knowledge and ideas with others - Observant of other people needs, offering support to others in their work areas where appropriate - Takes an interest in people, demonstrating care and relates well to others Develop People Motivate others to harness their potential: - Actively involved in peer to peer learning and development activities - Responsible and accountable for one’s actions - Supports and actively helps new-joiners who come into the company Take Initiative Being proactive outside of own job scope, identify and seize opportunity for self and organization: - Proactively look for opportunities to contribute outside of current job scope - Constantly search ways to do better in any job - Resourceful in finding ways to contribute Be a Learner Having learners’ mindset, identify and capture learning opportunities in various situations: - Self motivated to improve oneself - Intellectually curious to learn about a wide range of topics - Resourceful in finding knowledge relevant to personal development - Actively seeks out learning opportunities (e.g. courses, training) - Actively seeks feedback and coaching - Links learning to business - Demonstrates understanding of Oil & Gas economics - Invests time outside of job scope to understand own business area © Copyright 2007 Petroliam Nasional Berhad 3 PETRONAS Scholars’ Leadership Development Program Guide The following table shows the linkages between PETRONAS Foundational Behaviours and PETRONAS Leadership Dimensions: Foundational Behaviour Leadership Behaviour Leadership Dimension Reach out ƒ Build relationships and network ƒ Teamwork ƒ Influencing others ƒ Outperforms Develop People ƒ Develop people ƒ Develops people Take initiative ƒ Organizational commitment and entrepreneurship ƒ Achievement orientation ƒ Outperforms ƒ Behaviour as an owner Be a learner ƒ Develop oneself ƒ Strategic orientation ƒ Business awareness ƒ Develops people ƒ Inspires followers ƒ Outperforms Leadership Competencies For young executives joining the company, PETRONAS requires graduates to have the following competencies (listed under each of the four PETRONAS Leadership Dimensions): Inspires Followers ƒ Strategic Orientation ƒ Upholding Values Outperforms ƒ Business Awareness ƒ Achievement Orientation ƒ Teamwork ƒ Influencing Others ƒ Relationship Building Develops People ƒ Developing oneself and others Behaves as Owner ƒ Organizational Commitment © Copyright 2007 Petroliam Nasional Berhad 4 Overview of the SLDP The PETRONAS Scholars’ Leadership Development Program is implemented over a three year period. Self-Directed Learning While attendance at specific training sessions or workshops is one requirement of this program, it is primarily based on a self-paced and self-directed model of learning. Scholars are expected to take responsibility for their own learning throughout the program and for completing specified requirements. This may be a significantly different experience for many scholars, when compared with the format or structure of their academic studies. Becoming an effective self-directed learner is an important leadership quality, and is closely aligned with PETRONAS Foundational Behaviours. As part of the self-directed learning process, scholars are required to undertake their own independent reading and research in relation to leadership and the oil and gas industry, as one of the Experiential Activities in each year of the SLDP. Program Overview The diagram below provides a high-level overview of the three-year program. © Copyright 2007 Petroliam Nasional Berhad 5 PETRONAS Scholars’ Leadership Development Program Guide The SLDP is designed to assist students in developing leadership experience and skills at increasing levels of sophistication and complexity over the three years of the program. Training Sessions These will be held at the beginning of the year. They will provide information and other content to support scholars to complete the SLDP successfully. Attendance at training sessions is mandatory for all scholars participating in the program. Experiential Activities Experiential activities are designed to provide scholars with practical experience developing leadership qualities, skills and competencies. As they are largely self-directed and self- organised activities, they are also designed to assist scholars’ in developing the PETRONAS Foundational Behaviours – to Reach Out, Develop People, Take Initiative and Be a Learner. Though learning should be mostly self-directed, support may also be provided where necessary by peer mentors, fellow scholars, the PETRONAS Student Advisor and University- based student support services. Workshops Held towards the end of the academic year, workshops are designed to provide scholars with the opportunity to reflect on their leadership development during the year, discuss issues that have arisen for them in relation to leadership, and (in Levels One and Two) assist in planning for their following year in the program. Attendance at all workshops is also mandatory for scholars participating in the program. Reading & Research Scholars are required to read one book and research information from two websites in each year of the course. This is to enhance learning and support scholars’ development throughout their participation in the SLPD. Further information and full details the components and requirements for each year of the SLDP are provided later in this Guide. SLDP Workbook Accompanying this SLDP Guide is the SLDP Workbook, in which scholars are required to record various responses, outcomes and progress milestones. At the end of three years, this workbook will provide evidence of successful completion of the SLDP and document a scholar’s ‘learning journey’ over the course of the program. Progress Summary and Completion Record Specific requirements for successful completion of each program component are listed at the end of the Level One, Level Two and Level Three sections of this Guide. The full list of all requirements over the three years is also provided in the Progress Summary and Completion Record, located at the end of the SLDP Workbook. This is to assist scholars to keep track of their progress through the program, and provide a record of successful completion. © Copyright 2007 Petroliam Nasional Berhad 6 How to use this Guide SLDP Guide The SLDP Guide is designed to serve as an overview and reference source for the PETRONAS Scholars Leadership Development Program. It outlines all key components and requirements of the three year program, explaining their purpose and the minimal requirements you need to meet in order to complete the program successfully. It also includes useful resources and tips to assist you as you learn and as you continue to develop your leadership capacities. SLDP Workbook Accompanying this Guide is the SLDP Workbook – a workbook consisting of templates, forms and questionnaires related to the various components of the program. You will fill out your workbook as you progress through the program. Progress Summary and Completion Record At the end of the SLDP Workbook is the Progress Summary and Completion Record. This will assist to keep a record of the program requirements you have begun or completed. It will provide you with a quick overview of your progress through the program, and a reference point when discussing progress with your peer mentor or Student Advisor. It will also provide evidence of successful completion of all program components over the three years. Explanation of Icons Several icons are used throughout this guide. They are designed as reference points so you can identify key information more quickly. These icons are: Important Note Training Session Experiential Activity Summary of Requirements Workshop Helpful Resource or Tip © Copyright 2007 Petroliam Nasional Berhad 7 Level One Training Session(s) During Level One of the SLDP, at least two training sessions will be provided by PETRONAS. Scholars will receive advance notice of the dates, times and venues, and are required to attend all sessions. Scholars are also required to seek out and participate in additional training sessions related to public speaking. 1. Orientation Program The Orientation Program (provided by PETRONAS) covers a broad spectrum of information and instruction important for PETRONAS Scholars. While it is not solely related to leadership development, attendance and participation in the Orientation Program is an important and required precursor for the SLDP. 2. Introduction to the PETRONAS SLDP This training session will be half to one day in duration. It will cover the following topics: - PETRONAS Leadership Philosophy, dimensions and competencies - PETRONAS’ expectations of scholars in relation to the SLDP - Familiarization with the SLDP Guide (this document) - Working with the Workbook - Becoming a self-directed learner - Leadership skills & qualities self-assessment - Setting leadership development and learning goals 3. Public Speaking & Presentation Skills Being able to inspire and influence others is something that is crucial for any effective leader. It is therefore important to develop both confidence and competence in public speaking or presentation. PETRONAS scholars are therefore required, in Level One of the SLDP, to seek out and participate in a public speaking training course or program. Here are three suggestions for locating a relevant program to enhance public speaking skills: a. University-Based Student Programs. A number of Universities provide short-courses in public speaking at no or little cost to students as part of their Student Support Services. If such a course is available, scholars may choose to participate in this program in order to complete this requirement of the SLDP. b. Toastmasters. Another option is for scholars to join a Toastmasters group in their local area. There is a small cost involved for participation, which varies somewhat from one region to another. To learn more about Toastmasters and to find a group in your local area, visit http://www.toastmasters.org.au/ or http://www.toastmasters.org.nz © Copyright 2007 Petroliam Nasional Berhad 8 PETRONAS Scholars’ Leadership Development Program Guide c. Community Houses or Community Groups. A number of Community Houses or other community groups may provide short-courses in public speaking or presentation skills. Scholars will need to check their local community guides or directories to find this information. Local Councils are an excellent place to start when looking for local information. The following websites provide links to Local Council directories: http://www.australia.gov.au/Local_Government (Australia) http://www.alga.asn.au/links/obc.php (Australia) http://www.localcouncils.govt.nz (New Zealand) Experiential Activities In Level One, scholars are required to complete six (6) experiential activities. These are: 1. Leadership Profile 2. Establish and Lead a Study Group 3. Public Speaking & Presentations 4. Work with a Peer mentor 5. Community-Based Activity 6. Reading and Research 1. Leadership Profile Leadership is a very complex phenomenon involving a wide range of different variables. It can also be highly situational – what works well in one situation may not work in another. Cultural and organisational differences also have a significant impact. For example, the most effective strategies for developing others or inspiring followers (as in the PETRONAS Leadership Dimensions) can be significantly different in different countries around the world. It is possible to learn all of this through reading the wealth of literature available on leadership. An almost overwhelming number of theories and frameworks have been developed in relation to leadership qualities, skills and competencies. Scholars will no doubt encounter a number of these both during and after their time in the PETRONAS scholarship program. For example, a selection of well-known theorists and other material is available in the Resources and Bibliography section of this Guide. Making sense of the widely differing models and theories about leadership can be a confusing task, particularly because different situations highlight different issues that are important for effective leadership and influence. This first experiential activity for Level One of the SLDP is therefore designed to: - Examine specific examples of leadership within the organizational, cultural and situational contexts in which they occurred © Copyright 2007 Petroliam Nasional Berhad 9 PETRONAS Scholars’ Leadership Development Program Guide - Allow PETRONAS scholars to experience building their own mental models and theories related to the complexities of leadership - Assist scholars to develop a clearer understanding of the leadership qualities and competencies applicable in different situations For this activity, scholars are required to: a. Select an example of an effective leader from a movie, book, popular culture, or modern history. b. Develop and document a profile of this leader that answers the following questions, providing examples or evidence to support each answer: - What qualities does the leader have that contribute(d) to his or her effectiveness? - What seems to motivate him or her? - Specifically, who is this individual able to influence? How? - Specifically, how are this leader and his/her behaviour influenced by the national or cultural setting, values, and so on? - What effects do the following variables have on the leader and his/her behaviour: subordinates/followers; situations; culture; available resources? - In addition to strengths, what weaknesses does the leader have? - To what extent do these weaknesses limit his or her effectiveness? - Would this individual’s effectiveness as a leader be as evident in different situations, organizations, or with other followers? - Which of the PETRONAS Foundational Behaviours or Leadership Dimensions were demonstrated by this leader’s behaviour and actions? The SLDP Workbook repeats these questions and provides space to write responses. Scholars may choose to profile any individual, either real or fictitious, whom they find particularly compelling on a personal level. To deepen learning about leadership contexts, scholars are also encouraged to select an example of a leader belonging to a culture different from their own. 2. Establish and lead a study group During Level One, scholars are required to: - Identify at least 3 other students with whom it would be beneficial to study, in relation to University course material, tutorial preparation or a specific project - Invite these students to form a study group and commit to it for a period of at least 2 months - Convene and lead this group for at least 2 months High academic achievement is important for all PETRONAS scholars – studying individually or in peer groups will be an integral part of their lives during their University courses. Participating in a study group is a helpful strategy to increase motivation when studying, as well as for achieving success. By asking that PETRONAS scholars take up a leadership role in forming, convening and leading such a group, this experiential activity links academic achievement with leadership development. © Copyright 2007 Petroliam Nasional Berhad 10 PETRONAS Scholars’ Leadership Development Program Guide 3. Public Speaking and Presentations This activity is related to the training scholars will undertake during Level One of the SLDP to develop their public speaking and presenting skills. Scholars are required to deliver a minimum of two (2) public speeches or presentations that are NOT part of a University tutorial or workshop. If a scholar chooses to join and participate in Toastmasters, the record of their presentations and experience at a Toastmasters Club will be sufficient to meet this requirement. Other scholars will need to seek other opportunities to speak in public, perhaps for a local group (e.g.