新视野英语第二版自主学习第三册重修

新视野英语第二版自主学习第三册重修 新视野第三册 Unit 1 Section A. The Expensive Fantasy of Lord Williams Part .II 1. Because this is a title bought with stolen money. The guy‘s real name is Anthony Williams. 2. It‘s small, with a population of only 320. 3. No. He looks like a Scottish noble, soft-spoken and wealthy. 4. The truth is that the man with endless money and a friendly manner was not a lord at all but a government employee living out a fantasy that he was a Scottish noble and paying for it by stealing funds from Scottish Yard. 5. He stole more than eight million pounds over eight years and poured about five million pounds into the village. 6. Most of the stolen money was supposed to be used to pay spies and conduct secret activities against the Irish Republican Army. 7. He used the money to buy an estate, a beautiful home, and a dozen noble titles. But most of all, he sunk his dishonest gains into the village, buying multiple cottages, a pub and a run-down hotel and turning them into very good-looking places. 8. His bank deposits were so large that they were noticed by the bank‘s management. The bank then notified the police, who discovered that the criminal was one of their own. 9. His bank deposits were so large that they were noticed by the bank‘s management. The bank then notified the police, who discovered that the criminal was one of their own. 10. He said in an interview after he was arrested: ―I discovered this bloody huge amount of money. I went from the need to pay off a few debts to what can only be described as greed. There is no way to justify it.‖ Part ? 1. suspicion 2. restored 3. considerate 4. inherited 5. furnish 6. justify 7. substantial 8. fantastic 9.deputy 10.commissioned 11.notify 12.deposits Part ? 1. To his embarrassment he discovered 2. like that 3. strike deals with 4. live it out 5. falls upon dark days 6. nothing but 7. captured the heart of the little boy with 8. raise a glass to 9.now that 10.stuck by 11.have sunk all my money into 12.sold his house at a great loss Part ? 1. economy 2. business 3. campaign 4. poll 5. survey 6. research 7. lessons 8. study 9.experiment 10.election Part VI 1. well-advised (明智的) 2. narrow-minded (心胸狭窄的) 3. wide-eyed (眼睛睁大的) 4. soft-spoken (说话温和的) 5. big-headed (妄自尊大的) 6. single-minded (专心致志的) 7. well-meant (用意良好的) 8. quick-tempered (易怒的) Part VII 1. air-conditioned 2. handmade 3. thunder-struck 4. heart-felt 5. data-based 6. self-employed 7. custom-built 8. weather-beaten Part VIII 1. Well-meant as it was, the decision spoiled the peace talk in the Middle East. 2. Hard as he tried, he failed to deceive the police commissioner in London in the end. 3. Poor as he was, she gave up the idea to marry him. 4. Friendly as he may seem, I won‘t regard him as considerate. 5. Suspicious as she was of him, she never came to the idea that the wealthy, soft-spoken, well-mannered man was a criminal. Part ? 1. Now (that) you have studied the above models and understood the meaning and usage of the expression ―now that‖, you know how to do the following exercises. 2. Now (that) I‘ve heard the music, I understand why you like it. 3. Now that the hotel is beautifully restored, many travelers like to stay in it. 4. Now that the criminal turned out to be one of their own, the London police commissioner publicly apologized for poorly supervising his department. 5. Now that you have got an MA degree, you are qualified for a PhD program. Part X 1. My thanks go to those who still stuck by me when I fell upon dark days. 2. Now that he has published a popular novel which earns him a large amount of money, he is able to buy a new house and a car. 3. The police said that their suspicions were aroused because the girl had other marks on her body. 4. How can you talk to her like that? She is the one who brought you up and helped you finish school. 5. Hard as the road for these students after school will be, their prospects are bright. 6. In order to have enough money to run the business, he sold his newly-bought house at auction even at a substantial loss. 7. He is fully justified in criticizing the police commissioner for poorly supervising his department. 8. These ancient buildings which are under protection have been restored beautifully to attract foreigners. Part XI, p. 13 1. 周六晚～在―牢骚酒吧‖～村民依旧乐意向 ―威廉斯勋爵‖祝酒～尽管这个头衔现在只能 引来阵阵笑声。 2. 这个美丽的村庄坐落在苏格兰山区中～有一些村民说～他们从来不很了解安东尼—威廉斯。这位有钱的贵族说话和气～1986年和他穿着入时的妻子一同来到这里。 3. 威廉斯先生买下了一笔又一笔的房产～给小村注入大量的现金～一手令它焕发了生机。 4. 可是谁也没有料到这个事实:这个财源滚滚、举止友好的人并非什么勋爵～而是一名政府公务员。 5. 威廉斯先生自1959年起效力于伦敦警署～官至财务部副主管～年薪65,000英镑。大约两周前,后悔不已的他在法庭受审～被判监禁七年半。 6. 但是最主要的～是他将不法收入投进了这座山村。精致的石屋农舍～茵茵的村中绿地～一排排青青的树篱——这一派奇异景色深深地吸引了他。 7. 是他将年久失修的戈登—阿姆斯旅馆买下并完全改装～将这堆废墟变成了一座华丽的一流宾馆。 8. 但最主要的, 阿布迪先生通过获取银 行贷款和与不同的人做交易～仅支付威廉斯 先生所欠他们的一部分～最后以大约50万 英镑的价格～买下了绝大部分房产。 Section B. The Romantic Life of Secret Agent Albert XII. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions 1. c 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A 9.B 10.C 11.D 12. D 13. C 14. C 15. A 16. A 17. A 18.A 19.B 20. C XIII. 1. It's hard to understand how a clever person like him could mislead people like that. What he did benefited the village. A lot of the properties were beautifully restored. 2. Everyone wondered where the money was coming from. Why was he spending it in a little place in the mountains? He wouldn’t have gotten it back in 100 years. XIV. 1. Mr. Williams deceived everyone. Mr. Williams told all of his friends and even his wife that he inherited a large fortune from a rich uncle. But no one could have possibly guessed the truth — he didn't have an uncle at all and he had a few debts to pay off. Mr. Williams, who always turned out in fine suits, was very proud in calling himself Lord Williams. But in fact he was only a government employee who had worked for the London police since 1959 and had risen to a ?65,000 a year position as deputy director of finance. He bought noble titles at auctions, spending ?95,000 to become the Lord of Chirnside, and then adding on 10 more Scottish titles. It is difficult to say whom Mr. Williams had not deceived. B:XV.1 1. In a small room in a gloomy French hotel. 2. He is a writer. 3. It's about some new missiles. 4. A waiter. 5. No. XVI: 1.D 2. A 3.C 4. A 5.D 6. B 7.C 8. D Part XVII, p. 26 1. simplified 2. switched 3. standpoint 4. mysterious 5. romantic 6. exceedingly 7. exploits 8. heaved 9. shivered 10. sigh 11. disguise 12. swear Part XVIII, p. 26 1. aside 2. for for 3. except 4. with 5. At; towards 6. With 7. behind; on/off 8. about/of 9.to 10.at 11.on 12.at XIX 1. Thirty-eight respectable Brooklyn, New York citizens. 2. Marissa Parry, 28 years old, the manager of a bar. 3. At 3:50 AM. 4. Six days later. 5. It was very simple to get in touch with them. XX. T F F T F F F F T T Unit 2 Section A. Iron and the Effects of Exercise , p. 38 Part ? 1. The new study suggests that even moderate exercise may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women. 2. She is an associate professor at Purdue University. 3. She may consume additional meat or take iron supplements. 4. Because they have a monthly bleeding. 5. Through a variety of mechanisms. For example, some iron is lost in sweat, and intense endurance exercise is sometimes associated with the bleeding of the digestive system. 6. Three. 7. You are in trouble. Your iron reserves go to zero and you may feel weak, tired and out of breath. 8. People are advised to have a yearly blood test to check blood iron reserves. 9. They are meat, chicken, fish, dates, beans, and some leafy green vegetables. 10. He should avoid drinking coffee or tea with meals. Part ?, p. 38 1. moderate 2. consume 3. typically 4. modified 5. evidence 6. restricted 7. calculate 8. remedy 9. indicate 10. respectively 11. bounced 12. derived , p. 39 Part ? 1. bounce back 2. summed up 3. up to 4. at risk 5. went to zero 6. goes up 7. out of breath 8. derived from 9. take in 10. had thrown up 11. interfere with 12. In general Part V, p. 39 1. awareness 2. efficiency 3. interaction 4. confidence 5. ability 6. anxiety 7. productivity 8. pressure 9. resolution 10. provision Part ?, p. 40 1. appearance 2. utterances 3. attendance 4. hindrance 5. maintenance 6. resistance 7. performance 8. existence 9. occurrence 10. acceptance Part ?, p. 40 1. peace-loving 2. ice-cold 3. time-consuming 4. water-proof 5. waist-deep 6. care-free Part VIII, p. 41 1. Mr. Howe, my favorite professor, has received a Distinguished Teacher Award. 2. Yesterday I went fishing — something I hadn‘t done in years. 3. Some women are normally inactive, but then all of a sudden start a program of intense exercise — an action that violates the laws of sports science. 4. Even a brief visit to Greece, a modern country with ancient civilization, gives you a deep sense of the roots of our culture. 5. A people of inventors and discoverers, philosophers and soldiers, poets and craftsmen, the ancient Chinese gave the world many of its most useful things. Part ?, p. 42 1. His homework done, his composition written, Larry decided to go and see the film. 2. The manager sat quietly in the office, (his) eyes closed, waiting for the telephone to ring. 3. The room was in a mess, empty bottles and beer cans (being) everywhere. 4. When I walked in, Grandpa was sitting at the kitchen table, the newspaper spread before him. 5. Diana stood motionless at the end of the diving board, tears streaming down her cheeks. Part ?, p. 42 1. Most people with low iron reserves don‘t know they have an iron deficiency. 2. It is not sufficient only to check levels of the blood protein that transports oxygen. 3. Men are not safe, especially those who eat little meat and have a high level of physical activity. 4. It‘s advisable for people in these groups to have a yearly blood test to check blood iron reserves. 5. Iron supplements may produce a feeling of wanting to throw up, and may be poisonous in some cases. 6. The best sources of iron are meat, chicken, fish, dates, beans, and some leafy green vegetables. 7. The reason why people sometimes take iron supplements is that the supplements supplement the small amount that naturally occurs in grains. 8. Cook tomato sauce in an iron pot for three hours, and its iron content increases strikingly. XI. 1. 运动医学专家经过多年的观察～发现耐力 运动员～特别是女性～经常会缺铁。 2. 她对62名妇女进行了研究～并将研究结 果发在《体育运动医学与科学》杂志上。 这些妇女原先不怎么运动～后来开始了为 期六个月、每周三次的锻炼。 3. 缺铁在多数女性中是很常见的～十多岁的 少女四人中有一人缺铁～18至45岁的女 性五人中有一人缺铁。 4. 此外～许多保健意识很强的女性面临更大 的危险～因为她们拒绝食用牛羊肉～而这 些肉中含有的铁质最易被吸收。 5. 有些铁质随汗液流失。另外～由于未知的 原因～高强度的耐力运动有时与消化系统 内出血联系在一起。 6. 到了缺铁的第二阶段～就会出现疲倦和力 不从心～此时体内已没有足够的铁来形成 血蛋白分子～将氧输至运动着的肌肉。 7. “人们认为～只要不到第三阶段就不会有什 么问。这种看法是不对的。”帮助策划珀 杜研究的约翰?L.比尔德说。 8. 运动员从事高强度的运动～比如跑步时～ 也可能会因为足部细血管失血的现象而使 铁质流失。 XII 1.B A B A B A B A A A B C B A A B D B B D XIII 1. The average woman takes in only 2/3 of the recommended daily allowance for iron, which would easily cause iron deficiency if they take some exercises. 2. Some iron is lost in sweat, and intense endurance exercises may cause iron deficiency through bleeding of the digestive system and bleeding of the blood vessels in the feet. XIV The latest blood test shows that Miss Mosely has corrected the iron deficiency in her blood now. Do you believe that? That is because she readily accepts the doctor’s advice. Ever since she knew that her iron levels were low, she has been taking good care of the food she eats. She includes in her diet food like meat, fish, dates, beans, and some leafy green vegetables, all of which are good sources of iron readily absorbed by the body. In addition, she often selects breads and cereals with the words “iron-added” on the label and eats these foods with Vitamin C to enhance the amount of iron absorbed. What is more, she has stopped drinking coffee or tea with meals, since substances in these drinks can interfere with iron being absorbed into the body. Section B. Does Exercise Have Unexpected Benefits? XV 1-8 O F F F F O F F XVI. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions 1. D 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. A Part XVII, p. 55 1. implied 2. complicated 3. obstacle 4. exhibited 5. possess 6. stems 7. speculate 8. neglected 9. concentrated 10. revised 11. multiply 12. academic Part XVIII, p. 56 1. in addition to 2. In response to 3. is associated with 4. in contrast to 5. in the same way that 6. A succession of accidents 7. go through 8. are separated into 9. apply to 10. primary 11. stemmed from 12. engaged in C: XIX 1-5 F O F O O XX 1-8 F F F F T T T F Unit 3 Section A. Where Principles Come First Part Ex. II, p. 69 1. It operates on the principle that if you teach students the merit of such values as truth, courage, integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern, then academic achievement naturally follows. 2. It is famous for its work with troubled youngsters. 3. Because teachers protested the program‘s demands and the strain associated with more intense work. 4. The community feared the school would attract inner-city minority and troubled students. 5. In the Hyde School, all students are required to take performing arts and sports, and provide a community service. For each course, students get a grade for academic achievement and for ―best effort‖. 6. Parents must agree to accept and demonstrate the school‘s philosophies and outlook. 7. The biggest obstacle for many parents is to realize their own weaknesses. 8. Faculty evaluations are conducted by the students. Part ?, p. 69 1. cultivate 2. comprehensive 3. controversial 4. suspend 5. strain 6. preliminary 7. conventional 8. reform 9. seminar 10. worthwhile 11 cursed 12. insult Part ?, p. 70 1. His girlfriend‘s father saw him as a man who could not make a living. 2. The course was cancelled over the students‘ protests. 3. The problem is so difficult that we cannot work it out without the help of our teacher. 4. Children tend to do their utmost when they are encouraged by their parents who are making similar efforts. 5. The new teaching program didn‘t work well in the school at the outset. 6. I was kind of excited when I received the letter that allowed me an interview. 7. The school is scheduled to open on September 1. 8. They appeared to offer a free lunch, complete with cigars and wine. 9. The soldiers succeeded in preventing the fire from spreading to other buildings in the area. 10. The question is now focused on what the United States will do next time, if anything, to fulfill the promise to protect the natural environment in the district. 11. Nothing could have prepared him for the bad news. 12. The moral of the whole story is that you really have to take the responsibility for what is happening in your life. Part ?, p. 70 1. insights 2. attention 3. recognition 4. entrance 5. control 6. acceptance 7. speed 8. weight 9 understanding 10. wisdom Part ?, p. 71 1. historic 2. atomic 3. Arabic 4. energetic 5. economic 6. heroic Part VII, p. 71 1. responsibility 2. rapidity 3. elasticity 4. curiosity 5. publicity Part VIII, p. 72 1. In Britain, as in America, there is a great demand for educational reform. 2. In Greece, as in Italy, people use a lot of olive oil in cooking. 3. As in the Hyde School, values such as courage, integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern are the first, most important lesson in some public inner-city schools in Maryland. 4. In China, as in Japan, a large number of middle school students take supplementary classes in order to get into a famous university. 5. As in the middle of the 1950s, many young people went down to the countryside in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Part ?, p. 73 1. Once you‘ve practiced a bit, you‘ll find that it‘s quite easy. 2. Once the meal was finished, the discussion began. 3. Once you show any fear, he will attack you. 4. The decision took about 10 seconds once he‘d read a market research study. 5. Once customers come to rely on these systems, they almost never take their business elsewhere. Part ?, p. 73 1. Our school operates on the principle that moral values and academic achievements are equally important. 2. The new teaching program was suspended last term because the teachers in the department protested its demands and the strain associated with more intense work. 3. We see ourselves as preparing our students for a way of life by cultivating a comprehensive set of principles that can affect all of them. 4. The basis of the Character First idea is that every human being has a unique potential that is based on character, not intelligence or wealth. 5. We were warned by the teacher in the first lesson that students got a grade not only for academic achievement but also for attendance and best effort. 6. Once parents agree in writing to accept and demonstrate the school‘s philosophies and outlook, the students can gain admission. 7. In the Hyde School greater attention is paid to the establishment of a fruitful relationship with each student while in the traditional high school setting the focus is on the teacher and the material. 8. The school stresses the idea that it is worthwhile for parents to participate in school activities together with their children. Part XI, p. 73 1. 该校的创始人约瑟夫–高尔德声称学校的 教学计划很成功。海德中学坐落在缅因州巴 思市～每年的学费高达1.8万美元～因其教导问题少年有方而遐迩闻名。 2. 在一堂英语课上～11名学生用最后的五分钟展开激烈的讨论～依照1,10的评分标准相互评价他们当天的课堂表现。 3. 为了避免美国中学使用的其他品格培养方案所引发的争议～高尔德解释说～―全力以赴‖ 这一概念并不是要强迫学生接受某一套道德原则或宗教观念。 4. 家长签约同意每月出席一次区小组会议,共20个区小组,～每年去区休养所三天～每年至少参加三次巴思市的研修班、讨论组和研讨会。 5. 公立学校学生家长的活动计划仍在制定当中。这项工作的困难要大得多～因为很难使家长们相信自身的参与很有价值。 6. 他很乐观地认为～一旦家长投入到计划当中～他们就会成为孩子们日常行为的榜样～这一点与寄宿学校的学生家长完全不同。 7. 海德中学的办学宗旨是:如果你向学生传授诸如诚实、勇敢、正直、领导能力、好奇心和关心他人等美德的话～学生的学习成绩 自然就会提高。 8. 我们有几分喜欢这种活力～但并不是喜欢 它不好的一面～而是要将它转化成好的一 面。 XII 1-20 C B D D B C B B A B D C B A D B B A D D XIII 1. Jimmy DiBattista. 2. 19. 3. To attend a university. 4. Go to jail. 5. He insulted and cursed everybody. 6. The Hyde School would turn that spirit positive. XIV There are serious security problems in Brooklyn, New York. Not long ago a young lady was murdered at a time not too late in the evening. Twenty-eight-year-old Marissa Parry was returning home from her job at about 9 in the evening. She was walking the 100 feet distance from her parking lot to the entrance of her apartment. Suddenly a man attacked her from behind. He grabbed and stabbed her with a knife. Miss Parry struggled and screamed out for help. But no one came to her help. The man stabbed her again! Then the man got into his car and drove away. Miss Parry could no longer stagger to her feet again as she was lying just a few feet away from her apartment, dying. Section B. Cultural Differences in Western and Japanese Decision-Making XVI. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions 1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. A .Part XVII, p.86 1. extreme 2. analyzed 3. differ 4. negotiation 5. consulted 6. discarded 7. feasible 8. sophisticated 9. flexible 10. fundamental 11. delicate 12. dismissed Part XVIII, p. 86 1. in; from 2. on 3. to 4. from 5. From; to 6. between; up 7. to/in 8. in 9. for behind 10 on 11. in/at 12. for C XIX XX 1-8 F T T T F F T F Unit 4 Section A. Five Famous Symbols of American Culture Part II, p. 99 1. They are the Statue of Liberty, Barbie dolls, American Gothic, the Buffalo nickel, and Uncle Sam. 2. It was modeled after Bartholdi‘s mother‘s face. 3. Her real name was Barbara Handler. 4. Since her introduction in 1959, Barbie has become the universally recognized Queen of the Dolls. The average American girl owns ten Barbie dolls, and two are sold somewhere in the world every second. 5. Grant Wood. 6. He was inspired by the Gothic window of an old farmhouse. 7. It honored a pair of connected tragedies from the settlement of the American frontier – the destruction of the buffalo herds and the American Indians. 8. Because buffalo no longer wandered about the great grasslands. 9. He said ―US‖ was short for ―Uncle Sam‖ Wilson. 10. It was a self-portrait of Flagg. Part III, p. 99 1. inspected 2. assembled 3. exaggerated 4. versions 5. universal 6. interpretation 7. solemn 8. inspired 9. grave 10 alongside 11. stretched 12. recruited Part IV, p. 100 1. worked on 2. approve of 3. went ahead 4. for sale 5. come up with 6. refashioned into 7. rise to fame 8. captures my attention 9. pose for 10. went against 11. no doubt 12. save these fine old buildings from Part V, p. 100 1. respect 2. admiration 3. place 4. money 5. reward 6. living 7. nothing 8. name 9. income 10. degree Part VI, p. 101 1. intelligence/competence 2. consequence 3. significance 4. ignorance 5. indifference excellence 6. 7. brilliance 8. magnificence Part VII, p. 101 1. coexists 2. co-director 3. cooperate 4. copilot 5. co-author Part VIII, p. 102 1. Jimmy walked slowly to the corner of the playground, his face covered with tears. 2. The hotel taxi sped away, the taillights disappearing into the distance. 3. Their stomachs crying for food, their backs burning from too much sun, both boys gathered their things and headed for home. 4. Barbara just lay there, her mouth trembling, her eyes unfocused, unable to say a word. 5.Then the two players let him fall to the track, his chest landing first, his head following, bouncing, and finally lying still. Part IX, p. 103 1. Most snakes, although with a threatening appearance, aren‘t really dangerous if you leave them alone. 2.Women, even though with the same abilities, have failed to approach the income of men. 3. Though with a severe shortage of coal supply, the governor was not forced to close all the schools. 4. She is capable of making complete French meals even though with no cheese between salad and dessert. 5. When in doubt about the result of your test, call the test office. Part X, p. 103 1. His parents did not approve of his plan to go and study abroad with a girl they had never met, but he went ahead and got to New York with her. 2. It is said that the painter used his aunt as the model in the painting whose face represented suffering yet strength. 3. The real Ken did not like the three-dimensional Barbie dolls, which were described as having the appearance of ―a woman who sold sex‖. 4. The novelist instantly rose to fame in 1950 with the publication of Good-bye, My Dear, a novel inspired by his experience with a girl on his older brother‘s farm. 5. After the war, a character called Uncle Sam began appearing in political cartoons, and soon became American‘s most popular symbol. 6. The painting shows a serious-looking man and a woman standing alongside him in front of a farmhouse, their models being respectively the painter‘s dentist and sister. 7. In order to have the buffalo on the other side of the nickel, he went to the Central Park Zoo to sketch an aging buffalo which was later killed for a wall decoration. 8. One story says that ―US‖ was short for ―Uncle Sam‖ whose real name was Sam Wilson who had once worked with a man who had signed a contract with the government to provide meat to the US Army. Part XI, p. 103 1. 19世纪70年代中期～法国艺术家弗里德 里克—奥古斯特—巴托尔迪正在一个 大项目～名为―自由照耀世界‖。这是一座庆 祝美国独立和美法联盟的纪念碑。 2. 马特尔公司将这个娃娃作了一番改造～变 成了体面而地道的美国货～尽管胸围有些夸 张。它名从当时10多岁的少女芭芭拉。 3. 如今芭芭拉已有60多岁了～她拒绝接受采访～但据说非常喜欢芭比。她可能是当今世上真名实姓不为人知的最著名的人物。 4. 1930年～格兰特— 伍德因其画作《美国哥特式》一举成名。此画体现了美国农民庄严的自豪～常常被人临摹。 5. 他深受中世纪艺术的影响～他的灵感来自于一所古老农舍的哥特式窗户～但最令世人注目的是画中人物的脸。 6. 但1913至1938年间发行的野牛硬币～却是为了纪念由美国拓居引起的两起相互关联的悲剧——野牛群的灭绝和美洲印第安人的毁灭。 7. 尽管此前一直是白人被用作美国硬币上的模特～而著名艺术家詹姆斯 — 厄尔— 弗雷泽却反传统而行之～启用了三名真正的美洲印第安人作为自己创作的原型。 8. 战后～政治漫画里开始出现了一个名叫―山姆大叔‖的人物。他的原型是一个早期漫画人物名叫乔纳森大哥～此人在美国独立战争时期非常出名。 XII 1-20 B A B D A C B C A D B D C B A A B C A D XIII 1. Bartholdi went ahead and married his love in spite of his mother’s disagreement. 2. Bartholdi had assembled the statue with her arm modeled after his wife's and her face after his mother's. 3. The Statue of Liberty was dedicated on an island in Upper New York Bay and Bartholdi called it "my daughter, Liberty". XIV The ideas for Barbie dolls came to Ruth Handler after she watched her daughter, Barbara, play with paper dolls. That was sometime before 1959. The original model of Barbie came from a German doll. Ruth Handler and her company, Mattel Toy Company, refashioned the doll into a decent, all-American version and named it after Barbara, who was then a teenager. Barbie dolls were introduced to the public in 1959 and have become the universally recognized Queen of the Dolls. It is reported that the average American girl owns ten Barbie dolls, and that two are sold somewhere in the world every second. Barbie dolls are loved by Americans of almost any age. Barbara is more than sixty years old and she declines interviews but is said to have loved the doll. Section B. Engelbreit‘s the Name, Cute Is My Game XV 1. To crush is to press something so hard that it is broken. Here Mary compares herself to a thing that is too weak to resist the pressure, i.e., the harsh words from publishers. Mary admits that her heart is broken. 2. At the very beginning Engelbreit did not expect to draw greeting cards; she aimed high. Now that she was told to be better suited for drawing greeting cards, she felt it was a come-down from high expectations — an inferior of a kind. To her, drawing greeting cards was a fall in her life's goal. 3. The card is personified. As we know, a card cannot boast. Only the creator of the card boasts 4. Acid means having a sour or bitter taste. When one has an acid tongue, he or she is very bitter to others, that is, he or she is very critical of others. 5. A trademark is a special name, sign, word, etc., marked on a product; it is a special sign or a distinctive characteristic. Now being cute is Mary's distinctive feature. 6. A core is the central part of a certain fruit. A core of one's life is the most important part of one's life. The whole sentence means Engelbreit treasures old-fashioned art and values most. 7. When one puts his/her feet firmly on the ground, he/she is down-to-earth. In other words, he/she is very realistic and practical 8. When you say an artistic work takes off, you mean it begins to be successful. XVI. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. B 7. A 8.D Part XVII, p. 118 1. crush 2. astonishing 3. distribution 4. distinctive 5. elaborate 6. comprised 7. features 8. decorated 9. classic 10. Samples 11. plunged 12. license Part XVIII, p. 118 1. in; at 2. down 3. from; with 4. in; on 5. to 6. of 7. Like 8. at 9. up 10. of on 11. as about 12. up C XX 1-10 T F F F F F T F T T Unit 5 Section A. Graceful Hands Part II, p. 130 1. The writer gets to know it from Mrs. Clark‘s medical chart and the report she received from the preceding shift. 2. Maybe it is because the idea of Mrs. Clark‘s dying soon makes her feel sick. 3. The writer wants to show us a true-to-life picture of Mrs. Clark at the end of her life. 4. Because she doesn‘t have enough strength to do so. 5. Because she didn‘t want them to suffer from the experience of seeing her die. 6. She means that they both realize that Mrs. Clark is dying and as human beings this is an unavoidable and very special moment. 7. Maybe because she thought it was too much for them to cope with. 8. Because Mrs. Clark‘s fingers are very long and graceful, which at first catches the writer‘s eyes easily. But after knowing more about Mrs. Clark, the author mentions her graceful fingers again and again so as to imply that Mrs. Clark‘s heart and mind are graceful as well. . Part III, p. 130 1. preceding 2. decay 3. secured 4. dripping 5. slid 6. hints 7. interval 8. privileges 9. episode 10. injured 11. naked 12. graceful Part IV, p. 131 1. reached for 2. hang around 3. trying to avoid breathing 4. so that 5. managed to accomplish 6. sense my thoughts 7. provide for 8. spared me 9. go about 10. read about her uncle's death in 11. felt for 12. his last ounce of strength Part V, p. 131 1. firm 2. straight 3. apart 4. ready 5. unaided 6. opposed 7. close 8. idle 9. still 10. surrounded Part VI, p. 131 1. growth: the act or rate of growing or developing; natural development; expansion; improvement; cultivation 2. warmth: the state or quality of being warm; warm-heartedness, kindness; heat; enthusiasm 3. depth: the state of being deep; downward measurement; deepness 4. truth: the state or quality of being true; facts, reality; proven principle 5. length: the measurement from one end to the other or of the longest side of something; duration, time, period; piece, section 6. breadth: distance from side to side, broadness; scope, range, extensiveness, area 7. width: size from side to side; the quality of being wide 8. death: the state of being dead Part VII, p. 132 1. exposure 2. failures 3. disclosures 4. pressure 5. mountaineers 6. closure 7. profiteers 8. seizure Part VIII, p. 133 1. did he realize that the task was a little too difficult for the new secretary to finish on her own 2. did Mary stop weeping 3. will all the employees know the result of their performance evaluation 4. did she become aware how hard it was for her mother to have brought up her sister and her on her own 5. did I get to know what happened in the end to the main characters Part IX, p. 133 1. The earthquake killed millions of lives, yet so did the war. 2. His hardship in the company is over, yet so is his job. 3. The task is very glorious, yet it is very difficult, too. 4. The Greens are going to buy a house in the suburbs, yet the Smiths are going to sell their house in the suburbs. 5. His job is to design buildings in the town, yet his wife‘s job is to pull down old houses in the town. Part X, p. 134 1. Mrs. Clark lies in bed motionless, and I wonder briefly if she is still alive. 2. In the final phase of his journey, the traveler in the desert depended on chewing tree leaves to ease his thirst. 3. These soldiers have received very strict training and been well equipped to fulfill the new task. 4. I clean her body carefully, trying to avoid hurting her, as she is only skin and bones. 5. Time seems to stand still. Mrs. Clark and I both become aware that she is dying, leaving this world. 6. When decorating the room, you should see to it that the carpets match the curtains. 7. It seemed that the little boy could read my mind, and he quietly gave me some newspapers of that day. 8. Not until he saw his mother lying in bed, dying, did he realize how much he loved her. Part XI, p. 134 1. 克拉克夫人将头稍稍转向我～微微睁开 眼。 2. 她没有用力去吞咽～因为她力气不够了。 3. 她耗尽了最后的那点力气～再也说不下去 了。但我已经明白她做了些什么。 4. 她好像又看穿了我的心思:―你??????留 下??????‖ 5. 为这位迅速走进又很快走出我生活的陌 生人～我心间涌起了一股感情。 6. 她的痛苦结束了～可她的生命也结束了。 7. 克拉克夫人为她的家人省去了一幕他们 或许无力面对的人生插曲～却与我分享了 它。 8. 两天后～我在报上读到了克拉克夫人的消 息。 XII 1-20 D B C B A C D B B D A D C B A B C B A C XIII 1. The detail is already provided. You do not need to enter any text for this question 2. she seems like a victim of some terrible famine. 3. which rolls freely over the bones, feeling perfectly the outline of each bone in the back. 4. I run my hand up over her knees do I feel any of the life-giving warmth of blood XIV Mrs. Clark is seriously ill. She is only skin and bones. The skin hangs loosely around her skeleton. She is so small and light that she seems like a victim of some terrible famine. When I rub cream into her skin, I can feel perfectly the outline of each bone in the back. She is too weak for anything. When she moves her mouth a bit like whispering something, I can scarcely hear anything at all. With much effort, I come to understand that she wants some water. I use a straw and allow a few drops of the cool moisture to slide into her mouth. It is hardly possible for her to take in anything and at last she manages to swallow some liquid with her last ounce of strength. Section B. Decisions of the Heart Reading Skills XV 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. A XVI 1.A 2.A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A 8A Part XVII, p. 145 1. condemned 2. inserted 3. necessities 4. relieve 5. denied 6. stroke 7. withdrew 8. elected 9. cooperate 10. so-called 11. qualification 12. intimate .Part XVIII, p. 146 1. Her voice was beginning to tremble and she tried to control it but in vain. 2. Jennifer was late for class the other day as a result of the heavy snow. 3. The small company is now confronted with intense competition for the market share. 4. In wintertime, food was hard to come by, so many animals died of hunger. 5. Tom decided to follow his father‘s advice and apply for a job in the bank, as he liked working with numbers. 6. I‘m sorry I forgot his birthday: the date just completely slipped my mind. 7. In the end our choices came down to going or staying. 8. The old man had a stroke, which condemned him to bed in the hospital for about half a year. 9. Your conclusions are worthless to us; they make no sense at all. 10. They managed to finish designing the web course on their own. 11. The country has decided not to be dependent on imported oil. 12. She had to fight off the men who wanted to get her contract. C XX1-8 F F T T F T F T .5月23日~~~~ Unit 6 Section A. How to Prepare for Earthquakes . Part II, p. 158 1. They have wired the Earth and sea to detect movements. 2. They have traditionally watched animals and plants for warning signs of earthquakes. 3. They are killed by falling buildings. 4. They design buildings so that the building‘s columns and horizontal beams are of equal strength, and vertical support columns are inserted deep into solid soil. 5. They should regularly check and reinforce their homes, place heavy objects in low positions, attach cupboards and cabinets to walls, and fasten doors so that they will not open accidentally during an earthquake. 6. People in these regions should have supplies of water and food at home and at work. It is best to store several gallons of water per person. It is also important to have something that can clean water and kill bacteria, so water from other sources can be made safe to drink. Store one week‘s food for each person. Earthquake survival supplies include a radio receiver, a torch, extra batteries, first-aid supplies, a spade, a tent, some rope, and warm clothing. 7. To have all of the family members call to check in with a friend or relative who lives more than a hundred miles away. 8. Education concerning how to survive an earthquake. Part III, p. 158 1. withstand 2. detected 3. resistant 4. handy 5. chaos 6. forecast 7. precaution 8. occurrence 9. destructive 10. enclose 11. fasten 12. sensible .Part IV 1. come out of 2. watch for 3. resistant to 4. put out 5. After all, 6. make much a difference to 7. agree on 8. attach labels to 9. In addition to 10 is down 11. turned off 12. check in Part V, p. 159 1. principal 2. considerable 3. continual 4. great 5. environmental 6. growing 7. global 8. exclusive 9. minor 10 increased Part VI, p. 159 1+f ? cupboard 碗厨 2+i? motorcycle 摩托车 3+l ? silkworm 蚕 4+k ? teargas 催泪毒气 5+g ? bloodstain 血迹 6+a ? sawdust 锯木屑 7+e ? tortoise-shell 龟壳 8+ j? steam-engine 蒸汽机 9+b ? arrowhead 箭头 10+h ? shirt-sleeves 衬衫袖 11+d ? window-pane 窗玻璃 12+c? manservant 男佣人 Part VII, p. 160 1. encourage 2. enlarge 3. encircles 4. enable 5. endanger 6. enlightened 7. ensure 8. enforce 9. enacted 10. endear Part VIII, p. 161 1. so that the baby would not catch cold 2. so that more people would vote for him 3. so that his father might forgive him for his failure in the math exam 4. so that it would go on smoothly 5. so that you can judge for yourself Part IX, p. 161 1( She cycled from Shanghai to Beijing, which is pretty good for a woman of 50. 2( He wore his swimming things in the office, which shocked his boss a great deal. 3( They ran out of drink, which actually didn‘t bother me because I wasn‘t drinking. 4( They will win the match, which will please my brother. 5( She borrowed a book on literature, which suggests that her literature teacher was having some influence on her. Part X, p. 161 1( The world has learned something concerning earthquake prediction from the Chinese, who have noted that before an earthquake, some animals would change their normal behavior. 2( As most of the people who die in earthquakes are killed by falling buildings, building structures must be improved so that they can withstand the power of earthquakes. 3( Besides working to improve building structures, people in areas where earthquakes are common should also prepare for the possibility of a great earthquake in several other aspects. 4( Keep an English-English dictionary handy, and when you cannot interpret a word with accuracy, you may refer to it any time. 5( It is sensible for every family to make earthquake emergency plans and all the family members should know how to leave the area during the chaos following an earthquake. 6( As the few remaining working telephone lines will be very busy, all of the family members should call to check in with a friend or relative who lives far away from the earthquake-stricken area. 7( People who live in the areas where earthquakes are a common occurrence should build houses that are resistant to ground movement. 8( A farmer noticed large schools of fish swimming near the surface of the water, which, he said, indicated the possible occurrence of an earthquake. Part . XI, p. 162 1( 在日本和中国～人们长期以来一直相信 地震是可以预测的。 2( 中国人的传统做法是观察动植物以获 取地震的警示信号。 3( 他们还注意到～蛇会爬出地洞～狗会狂吠不已～甚至那些平常很安静的狗也会叫个不停。 4( 所以～建造具有抗震能力的楼房成为关注的重点。 5( 高架桥的水泥柱先前只是在内部埋设钢条～如今外面也包上了钢板。 6( 同时～贮备一些可以净化水和消灭病菌的东西也很重要～这样就可以放心饮用其他来源的水了。 7( 大家应该商定一个地震区外的会合点——可能是在几英里外的某个市镇 。 8( 教育人们如何在地震中幸存下来～应该是所有政府规划和地震研究项目的重点所在。 XII 1-20 B A B D B B A D A D B D A B B A B C A C XIII 1 People would also like to be able to prevent the great destruction of property caused by earthquakes 2. To improve building structures that can withstand the power of earthquakes, many new structures are built with an I-joint, which can move without breaking. 3. Architects design buildings in a way that the building’s columns and horizontal beams are of equal strength, and vertical support columns are inserted deep into solid soil. In addition, many new houses have relatively light roofs and strong walls. 4. Concrete pillars for highway bridges that previously only had steel rods inside are now enclosed in steel. XIV Many reports show that earthquake occurrences can be predicted by animal abnormal behavior, seen minutes, as well as weeks before the events. The Chinese successfully predicted a major earthquake in Haicheng on February 4, 1975. The local people noted that chickens and pigeons would not enter their cages; cattle would not eat; dogs barked in chorus all over town; rats ran out from their hideouts and marched fearlessly through houses; some fish leaped out of their ponds to die; horses ran wildly around their fields; and snakes came out from their ground holes only to freeze to death on winter ice. In 1964, before the great Alaska earthquake, people noticed that bears came out of hibernation two weeks before their normal winter sleep would have ended and headed for the hills. Section B. Changes in the Balance of Nature Reading Skills 1. In Paragraphs 3, 4 and 5. You can get the answer by reading the first sentence of these paragraphs very quickly. 2. About 5 billion years ago. (Para. 3) You can have the answer by just skimming for the words ―the Earth‖ and ―formed‖. 3. About 3 million years ago. (Para. 4) You can get the answer by just skimming for the words ―the first human beings‖. 4. Section 2. You get the answer only by noticing the spacing and reading the headline of the section. 5. Section 3. You have the answer only by noticing the spacing and reading the headline of the section. XVI. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions 1. in agreement with 2. cooled 3. out of proportion to 4. hard 5. can‘t be regenerated 6. speed up 7. in peace with 8. aware of Part XVII, p. 174 1. rotates 2. flourishing 3. exceeded 4. abuse 5. accelerate 6. retain 7. ignorant 8. opposed9. 9. remote 10 collective 11. fraction 12. manual Part XVIII, p. 175 1. Now that I am retired, I find I am spending more and more time on voluntary charity work, which I am very happy to take part in. 2. His interests are in harmony with mine. 3. In other words, 95 percent of the students have passed the entrance examination and been admitted to universities. 4. We go abroad for a week or ten days every year, but I think we have a very simple life compared with many. 5. Since coal is formed from plants, which are chemically very complicated, its own chemical make-up is very complex. 6. During his stay in the countryside, he took to smoking.] 7. The father was ignorant of the boy‘s secrets. 8. The earthquake that took place last week brought about ten thousand deaths and destruction of half of the buildings in the area. 9. In our class the boys and girls are out of proportion; we have more girls than boys. 10. It's hard for the poor couple to survive on a salary of $100 a month. 11. You have to live with the rudeness of your boss if you want to keep the job. 12. All the students in my class have a hunger for knowledge, for they know knowledge will play an important part in their future life. XVIII 1. Now that I am retired, I find I am spending more and more time on voluntary charity work, which I am very happy to take part in. 2. His interests are in harmony with mine. 3. In other words, 95 percent of the students have passed the entrance examination and been admitted to universities. 4. We go abroad for a week or ten days every year, but I think we have a very simple life compared with many. 5. Since coal is formed from plants, which are chemically very complicated, its own chemical make-up is very complex 6. During his stay in the countryside, he took to smoking. 7. The father was ignorant of the boy's secrets. 8. The earthquake that took place last week brought about ten thousand deaths and destruction of half of the buildings in the area. 9. In our class the boys and girls are out of proportion; we have more girls than boys. 10. It's hard for the poor couple to survive on a salary of $100 a month. 11. You have to live with the rudeness of your boss if you want to keep the job. 12. All the students in my class have a hunger for knowledge, for they know knowledge will play an important part in their future life. C 1. They are 1) Recycling is the key; 2) Garbage will bury us; 3) Industry is to blame; 4) The earth is in danger; and 5) Americans are wasting more 2. The author thinks it's not the industry that is to blame but all people. 3. The author thinks that in reality the earth doesn't need to be saved and that nature doesn't care if human beings are here or not. 4. 4.4 pounds. 5. We need more facts, not simply more faith, to truly change the world for the better. XX. 1-8 T F F T F T F T Unit 7 Section A. A Rose IS a Rose Part II, p. 189 1. ―Red roses say ?I love you‘,‖ says Gerald Hager. 2. They help those people save money. 3. Some are dressed in work clothes, and some in expensive suits and overcoats. 4. By holding prices down through controlling every link in the rose chain. 5. Because of severe foreign competition. 6. The trend is that imported roses are sold across the entire breadth of the industry, from big flower shops to street-corner stands. 7. They are trying to work with their overseas rivals instead of fighting them. 8. A recent frost killed 25% of Colombia‘s rose crop and consequently U.S. rose growers had the good luck to make a lot more money on this Valentine‘s Day as there was less competition from overseas rivals. Part ?, p. 189 1. circulates 2. distributes 3. released 4. margin 5. launched 6. discount 7. chased 8. bankrupt 9. soar 10. via 11. sprayed 12. blooms . Part ?, p. 190 1. go out of style 2. Opinions ranged from … to 3. have left over 4. hold down 5. go down 6. looks like raining 7. offered to 8. nothing but 9. chase out 10. longing for 11. were on the side of 12. accounts for , p. 190 Part ? 1. power 2. excitement 3. heat 4. jobs 5. profits 6. energy 7. electricity 8. production 9. demands 10. attention Part VI, p. 191 1. seaward: going towards the sea 2. backward: directed towards the back, the beginning, or the past; returning; behind in development 3. earthward: towards the earth 4. outward: towards the outside; away; of the outside, appearing to be true but perhaps not really true 5. southward: going towards the south 6. upward: going up; increasing, getting higher 7. homeward: going towards home 8. inward: moving towards the inside; (placed) on the inside; of the mind or spirit Part VII, p. 191 1. interchangeable 2. intermingle 3. interconnected 4. interdependent 5. interplay 6. intermarriage 7. interpersonal 8. interactive .Part VIII, p. 192 1. looked as if she had been through some terrible famine 2. as if it was his birthday 3. as if she knew me 4. as if they spent a fortune 5. as if I were mad Part ?, p. 192 1. I passed him a large glass of whisky, which he drank immediately. 2. Last year, some farmers in the village raised chickens and ducks, which grew very well. 3. Yesterday Tom went to a birthday party, which was held by Lucy‘s parents for Lucy‘s 15th birthday. 4. The whole evening Amy was talking about her latest book, of which none of the people present had ever heard. 5. The small man in the raincoat, whom nobody recognized, turned out to be Olivia‘s first husband. Part ?, p. 192 1. Valentine‘s day is the biggest day for the nation‘s rose industry, as on this day the rose retailers will sell more than one million roses. 2. As for traditional flower shops, selling roses is no longer such a beautiful experience as before, because intense market competition has chased them almost out of business. 3. While discount rose retailers watch their business bloom, U.S. rose growers are going bankrupt as large amounts of foreign roses get into American markets. 4. As the imported roses account for 57% of the total American markets, the profit margin of the domestic rose growers has dropped substantially. 5. Some smart domestic rose growers have begun to work with the overseas rivals, instead of fighting them. 6. They are going to widen their business range through providing various kinds of service and becoming a representative for overseas flower producers. 7. Holding a bundle of roses in his hand, the young man walked into the office and put it on the desk of Lily, the girl he had long been in love with. 8. All the people in the office craned their necks to see this handsome young man and were eager to know the love story between the boy and the girl. Part XI, p. 193 1. 红玫瑰将永远是最流行的花儿～因为爱情永不过时。 2. 有些顾客说～上乘的玫瑰让他们看上去象是花了大价钱。 3. 如果我们能用35美元～而不是65美元～就使别人的一天充满光彩～那他们就可以省下足够的钱去买糖果和吃晚餐了。 4. 该公司成功的诀窍是控制好玫瑰销售的每一个环节～以降低价格。 5. 就在折价玫瑰花店生意兴隆的同时～美国的玫瑰种植商却在残酷的外来竞争中濒临破产。 6. 进口玫瑰遍及该行业的各个角落～从大花店到街头小摊都有出售。 7. 大量的进口玫瑰已经挤垮了国内一些种植商。 8. 所有这些变化使得玫瑰行业的一些人很 怀念过去的好日子～那时附近的花店每个情 人节都会安排送花。 XII 1-20 C A D C D C A B C D C B A D A C B B A D XIII 1. Working with foreign flower growers. 2. Having a few distribution centers to sell imported roses. 3. Widening their business area and being a representative for overseas flower producers. 4. As a replacement for lost rose sales, the Johnsons and other growers also are starting to sell other types of flowers. 5. U.S. growers took advantage of a recent frost which killed 25% of Colombia’s rose crop. But they cannot pin their hope on natural disasters. XIV U.S. rose selling companies are threatened with the danger of being virtually chased out of business with imported roses at lower prices flowing into the country. To adapt to the changed conditions in the marketplace, the rose selling companies have moved overseas and have their own rose farms in some foreign countries to grow roses with low labor costs. At the same time, U.S. rose selling companies have begun to buy roses grown in other countries. They can also arrange delivery via overnight mail to anywhere in the country to bring better, fresher, and cheaper grown roses. In addition, as a replacement for lost rose sales, the companies are starting to sell other types of flowers. The companies have managed to survive amid severe foreign competition. Section B. The Chunnel XV 1. The Chunnel stands for the 31-mile Channel Tunnel, a word made of Ch(annel) and (T)unnel. (You can get the answer to this question in Paragraph 4.) 2. The numbers are statistics and dates. 3. There are quotes from one man from London, from a professor of English history, from a newspaper, and from one pessimistic visitor. 4. The first paragraph is simple in diction, but a rather long sentence, which is characteristic of journalism. No technical terms are involved in both paragraphs. The last paragraph, simple in structure, gives the readers the impression of uncertainty. The overwhelming word in the paragraph is "pessimistic". To sum up, as the text is featured by statistics, dates, quotes, and a journalist style, the writer aims to be informational. XVI. 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. A 7. A 8.A Part XVII, p. 207 1. conquered 2. equivalent 3. excluded 4. bore 5. accused 6. punctual 7. creeping 8. approximate 9. pessimistic 10. beneath 11. spurred 12. reckon Part XVIII, p. 207 1. As soon as he entered the office, the director asked his secretary if the general manager‘s train was behind schedule 2. Women are excluded from the temple. 3. North Atlantic Treaty Organization is NATO for short. 4. He has a lot in common with his sister Kate. 5. The use of typewriters in offices is dying out. 6. The building where my department is located goes back to the 19th century. 7. By far the most important issue for them is unemployment. 8. Given his poor health, he‘s done a good job. 9. The boy was upset because the shopkeeper accused him of stealing something from the shop. 10. Take the telephone number with you in case you may need it. 11. It's a matter of time before he makes a fortune. 12. The farmer introduced us to the delights of natural food. SACTION C XIX 1. The language of the text is light and simple, with almost no technical terms involved. 2. The numbers in the text are statistics, and the quotes are from the judge, the team, the nurses, a team member, all commenting on the "new technique" in positive terms. 3. The text is informational. The writer is trying to tell the readers that the new technique is good and practical. XX 1-8 F T T F T T F F Unit 8 Section A. Legal and Moral Implications of Cloning , p. 221 Part . ? 1. The world was amazed by the news at first, then worried about and puzzled over a long list of wild possibilities. 2. One of the situations is that parents want to clone a child who can serve either as a transplant donor or as a substitute for the original. The second is that adults want to clone themselves for a variety of reasons. 3. Because clones are only physically identical while twins share the same environment within the mother and are usually raised in the same family. 4. The only possible major difference is bearing children, as scientists are not sure if Dolly will be able to have lambs. 5. Because cloning would increase the chances for a tissue match from 25 percent to nearly 100 percent. 6. If technology was improved, this could be realized. 7. It might be proper to refer to them as ―Most honored sir or madam‖. 8. The creation of a new and disrespected social class: the clones. Part ?, p. 221 1. implication 2. resembles 3. breed 4. prohibits 5. draft 6. confusion 7. deliberate 8. debate 9. classified 10. mount 11. minor 12. fatal , p.222 Part ? 1. within reach of 2. in the wake of 3. in terms of 4. get around 5. regardless of 6. refers to; refers to 7. comparable to 8. in the first place 9. fall into 10. broken apart 11. work for 12. With this in mind Part V, p. 222 1. wonderful 2. great 3. peaceful 4. attractive 5. pleasant 6. unique 7. similar 8. creative 9. strong 10. human Part ?, p.223 1. transposition 2. transatlantic 3. transmigrants 4. transformed 5. transnational 6. transoceanic 7. transshipped 8. transported Part ?, p. 223 1. non-existent 2. nonstop 3. non-art 4. non-college 5. nonproductive 6. nonprofit 7. nonfiction 8. nonviolent Part VIII, p. 224 1. What if I say no 2. What if they don‘t know 3. What if we can‘t finish it on time 4. What if this happened to us someday 5. What if he has lied to us Part ?, p. 224 1. The Bosnian peace-talks are resuming in Geneva today with the new proposals at the top of the agenda. 2. All of Southern Africa is suffering from a severe drought with Mozambique and Zimbabwe among the worse-hit countries. 3. The Europe Summit in Paris is drawing to an end with USA in danger of being completely isolated. 4. With the King in prison, the chief commander came to power and ruled the country. 5. With democracy itself under threat, the reforms deserve all the support they can get. , p. 225 Part ? 1. In some western countries there are parents who are ready to clone children with nonfatal transplants in mind. 2. The book on cloning she asked for was not within my reach, so I referred her to the school library. 3. For Mary‘s sake, I can lend you my car to get around your transport problem. 4. In the first place the couple didn‘t want to clone a child, and in the second place they couldn‘t afford to. 5. In theory it‘s possible to clone a child to harvest organs, but in practice it would be psychologically harmful to the child. 6. He published an article under the name of ―Braver‖ which stresses the idea that the process of cloning animals would work for humans as well. 7. As the author of this article warns us, human cloning might be something that makes men sadder than happier. 8. To some people, the question to clone or not to clone, in a sense, could be comparable to the question to be or not to be. XI 1. 上周有消息说～一位名叫伊恩?威尔莫特的 科学家已经成功地克隆了一只成年哺乳动 物～而这项成就长期以来被认为是不可能 的。这一传闻引发了每个人的想像。 2. 就在威尔莫特宣告成功之后～各国政府为 一个未知世界～一个充满各种难以臵信的 可能性的将来～匆匆起草指导方针。 3. 就像相对论、原子裂变和第一次太空飞行 一样～多莉的出现给科学家、政治家和哲 学家们提出了一长串难以解答的难题。 4. 专家们考虑得最多的克隆人类的情形可以 分为两大类:1,父母想要克隆孩子～要 么是想为垂危的孩子提供移植器官～要么 是想代替原来的孩子,2,成年人出于各 种各样的原因想要克隆自己。 5. 威尔莫特实验室使用的克隆方法～要求将 一个卵细胞和一个含有被克隆人DNA的 细胞核相结合。 6. 相同的基因不会复制出相同的人。这一点～ 任何认识同卵双胞胎的人都可以告诉你。 7. 最让人担心的不是克隆本身～而是基因工 程——即根据特定的要求故意改变基因以 创造人类。 8. 有位专家认为～这一情形类似于16世纪 时的一种情况～当时的欧洲人对如何对美 洲的陌生居民进行归类感到困惑～并无休 止地争论他们究竟是不是人类。 9. XII 1-20 B A D D C B D C D B A C B A B B C C A C XIII 1. parents who want to clone a child, either to provide transplants for a dying child or to replace that child 2. adults who for a variety of reasons might want to clone themselves. XIV How to Become Successful in Your Learning What should be done in order to become successful learners? The following aresome suggestions. Being concentrated. Good learners allow no interruptions in their study time.Once they set to study, they don't answer phone calls, watch TV, or readnewspapers. Studying everywhere. Good learners are good at studying everywhere. They wouldpractice speaking English to themselves when waiting for a meeting to start orfor the bus to come. Some of them stick a vocabulary list on their bathroomwalls and learn a new word every day while brushing their teeth. Taking good notes. Good learners divide a page into two parts: write notes onthe right and put down the main ideas on the left. At the end of each class,they write a few sentences about the lesson's main points. Section B. Who Will Take Advantage of Human Cloning XV 1. The title is actually a question. By using a question as a title, the author tries his best to attract the readers’ attention. Obviously, it's about the possibility or even legality of human cloning. The author gives us a thorough analysis as to who will take advantage of human cloning. 2. The language is formal and serious. Besides, it is emotional. The evidence for this is the repeated employment of rhetorical questions. 3. Altogether, there are seven questions, including the one in the title. Of the seven, four are rhetorical questions. They appear respectively at the end of Paragraph 2, Paragraph 3, Paragraph 4, and at the beginning of Paragraph 6. 4. Rhetorical questions are mainly intended to stir up the listeners' or readers' emotions, to put them off guard, making them ready to accept the speaker’s or writer’s opinion. Rhetorically, this is called emotional appeal. By using rhetorical questions four times, the author of this text is appealing to the readers to accept her idea "Don't just say no to human cloning". With all the above in view, we can see that the text is persuasive. XVI. Read the following statements carefully, and decide whether they are true (T) or false (F) according to the text. 1. F 2. F 3. T 4.F 5. T 6. F 7. T 8. T Part XVII, p. 236 1. resigned 2. consent 3. resumed 4. panic 5. prefaced 6. constituting 7. reflection 8. queue 9. gross 10. applicable 11. voluntary 12. probable Part XVIII, p. 236 1. She came up with a new idea for increasing sales. 2. It makes sense to buy the most up-to-date version. 3. If the day turns out wet, we may have to change our plans. 4. She decided on reflection to accept his offer after all. 5. For the sake of the exhibition we should try our best to collect more famous paintings. 6. We reserved two tickets in the name of Brown. 7. We had to resign ourselves to making a loss on the sale. 8. They disposed of the dictator during the revolution 9. Up to now, no one has made a convincing case that human cloning would do any real harm to humans. 10 He went around, making an enquiry into the price and structure of the house before he bought it. 11. I hate those people who take advantage of others for their own gains. 12. You may stand a chance of getting the job if you try another approach. SACYION C XIX 1. The language is formal and serious. 2. There are only two quotes in the text, one from Wilmut, who cloned a sheep and is against cloning humans, the other from the president of an animal rights group, who not only opposes cloning but also objects to the use of animals as research tools. 3. These two quotes from authorities in the text function as a force that influences the readers' judgement. The whole text is informational. 4. The last paragraph consists of only three questions, which means the text ends with no solutions. XX 1-8 CBCACCBA Unit 9 Section A. Premarital Agreements Part II, p. 249 1( First, a future husband wanted to be sure that he could keep his treasured ice-cream collection if his marriage failed. Second, a woman wanted to make clear who would walk the dog. Third, one man wanted to be entitled to a divorce if his future wife gained more than 15 pounds once she married him. 2( A prenuptial agreement, or prenup, negotiated by lawyers and signed before a marriage, is mainly designed to deal with financial problems when divorce is insisted on by one party. 3( Because more and more states began passing laws based either on ―splitting evenly‖ or on ―whatever a judge thinks is ?fair‘‖. 4( First, a wealthy man who has been stung once may want to avoid such future problems. Second, protecting children from a previous marriage is a strong reason. Third, when one future partner is extremely rich while the other is poor. 5( First, any language mistakes in a prenup, even a misplaced preposition, can be disastrous. Second, a prenuptial agreement signed under pressure can cause problems. Third, there can be a dispute over premarital accords if a couple decides to divorce while living abroad, or when they have different passports. 6( Prenuptial agreements are almost ignored by British courts because English law says that circumstances of a marriage aren‘t static, and therefore a judge should decide how financial assets will be divided. 7( For one thing, divorce rate in the US is very high, which is often accompanied by money problems. For another, laying bare all one‘s finances can sometimes save a couple from a terrible marriage. 8( Because many people just put the prenup in a drawer and never look at it again after signing it. Part ?, p. 249 1( verified 2( justification 3( sting 4( enforced 5( cite 6( awkward 7( headline 8(dispute 9. bound 10. edit 11. shed 12. circumstance .Part ?, p. 250 1. She has certainly gained in confidence over the last couple of years. 2. The actor made the headlines when he was accused of eating a pet dog. 3. Greg‘s parents are worried about his exposure to the kind of people they don‘t approve of while he‘s at college. 4. The opposition parties are calling for the minister‘s resignation over the scandal. 5. I‘ve drawn up a list of candidates that I‘d like to interview. 6. She‘ll end up penniless if she carries on spending as much as that. 7. She lays bare her three unhappy marriages in her autobiography. 8. Hoping that he might be able to shed light on the problem, I asked Mario to look at the engine. 9. I do think the plan will work out. 10. Make no mistake about it, you are bound to fail in the exam if you don't study hard enough. 11. The news that he was in line for promotion made him quite happy. 12. His father's great achievements as an artist had no bearing on what he was. , p. 250 .Part ? 1. present 2. anniversary 3. service 4. band 5. album 6. dress 7. photos 8. celebration 9. night 10 day Part VI, p. 251 1. a tradition perfected by the Elizabethans 2. an exhibition of fine Victorian furniture 3. dance music with African roots 4. lots of shops run by Asians 5. make the British feel more European 6. watch Italian football very often 7. produce some Hollywoodian films 8. write some novels of Jamesian style Part VII, p. 251 1. Premarital 2. premature 3. pre-game 4. preplanned 5. pre-school 6. preexist 7. presuppose prehistoric 8. Part VIII, p. 252 1. He always listens to the radio while driving to work. 2. He works in an American company while giving lectures on economics in a college in the evening. 3. In some societies women are treated as professional equals on the job while being treated as servants at home. 4. We should be pupils while serving as teachers. 5. The two professors will exchange their views while in Paris attending a meeting. .Part IX, p. 252 1. Not even once did this thought come to her mind. 2. No sooner were they released by order of the court than they were rearrested by the police. 3. Least of all did he understand the weakness of his own. 4. Seldom did the couple go to the theatre together during their stay in the USA. 5. Not unless we understand the person who has the disease can we understand a disease. , p. 253 Part ? 1. It has made the headlines that the president‘s wife threatened her husband with public exposure. 2. The wealthy lady‘s repeated demand on a premarital agreement greatly stung her future husband‘s pride and ended up in his refusal to get married. 3. He got the money dishonestly, by forging his brother‘s signature on a check, which was exposed by the media. 4. He cited a classic example to show that the police officer shot the man with justification because the man had shot at him first. 5. Make no mistake about it, some women would insist on the right to get a divorce if their husbands did not work and save money as much as they did. 6. The casual discovery of the fingerprint shed some light on the murder he had been sent to look into. 7. Unwilling to lay bare her private thoughts to a stranger, Mary only gave him an awkward smile. 8. What matters is not whether the engaged couple have faith in each other, but to view the marriage as it is, which has no bearing on romantic love. Part XI, p. 253 1. 自20世纪80年代初以来～婚前在美国被越来越多的人接受～因为当时越来越多的州开始通过关于离婚财产分配的法律。 2. 名人的婚前协议总是头条新闻: 杰奎琳?肯尼迪?奥纳西斯的律师在亚里士多德?奥纳西斯死后拿出两人的婚前协议对簿公堂～据说后来在庭外和解中赢得了2,600万美元。 3. 典型的欲签订婚前协议的人是那些积存了大量财富的男性～他们曾吃过苦头～因而想减少自己日后的麻烦。 4. 保护自己的资产～使之能传到儿子和孙子手中～这种努力使婚前契约在已退休并丧偶、又准备再婚的六七十岁的老人当中更为常见。 5. 另一种要求签立婚前协议的情形是～未来的丈夫或妻子已经或即将继承巨额遗产或家庭产业～尤其是在未来伴侣家资不多或一贫如洗的情况下。 6. 律师们援引的一个经典例子是: ―婚礼那 天～某人——通常是?她‘——面前突然出现 了一份协议～于是～她看都没看一眼就签了 字。‖ 7. 有一位律师回想起一件尴尬事:男女双方 还在修改协议～争论哪些该保留～哪些该删 除～此刻却有150名宾客陆陆续续来参加婚 礼。 8. 伦敦一家法律公司的一名律师经常为分 处英美两国的夫妇处理离婚事宜。他注意 到～在英国～法院―几乎忽视‖婚前协议。 XII 1-20 c b a d d a c b a b b d a c d a d b c d XIII 1. An agreement is stuck under somebody's nose on the day of the wedding — and it's usually a "she" — and she signs, but doesn't even read it. 2. Another awkward episode — the two sides were still editing the contract, arguing over what to keep or delete, when 150 wedding guests were arriving for the wedding. The wedding was canceled as the agreement was not reached. XIV A good example of that is Roses Only, a discount rose retailer that only sold US-grown roses and was once proud of it. However, it has moved overseas to bring better, fresher, and cheaper roses with many different foreign names. Besides, the company has started growing its own roses in the sunshine of the Andes Mountains near the capital of Ecuador. Today these fresh roses with various kinds of foreign names are sprayed with water to keep them moist and flown to company stores three times a week. It is not surprising to find that more than 57% of roses with foreign names sold in the USA are grown in other countries. They smell just as sweet as US-grown roses. But this helps to hold down the rose prices and keeps the American rose business flourishing. Section B. XV. 1. specific detail question 2. inference question 3. logic structure question 4. specific detail question 5. specific detail question 6. inference question 7. guessing unknown word question 8. inference question XVI 1-8 CCBABCBA XVII 1. undergo 2. dissolved 3. burden 4. overtaking 5. maintain 6. contribute 7. vary 8. adequate 9. optional 10.casual 11. urgent 12. invisible Part XVIII, p. 267 1. on 2. about 3. to 4. to 5. between 6. away/off 7. in 8. to 9. to 10. from 11. with 12. on SACTION C XIX 1-6 B A C A C D XX 1-8 F T F F T F F F Unit 10 Section A. The Bermuda Triangle Phenomenon Part II, p.281 1. They took off on a routine training mission over the Atlantic Ocean. The weather was fine. 2. They all disappeared without trace. 3. They describe it as ―the Graveyard of the Atlantic‖. 4. He noted curious glowing streaks of ―white water‖. 5. He installed a new crew to sail it. 6. It vanished together with the new crew in the end. 7. Because it believes that ―the majority of disappearances in the triangle can be attributed to the unique features of the area‘s environment‖ . 8. Only two: The Devil‘s Triangle by Richard Winer and The Bermuda Triangle by Charles Berlitz. 9. To explain the mysterious disappearances of the planes and ships, Richard Winer believes that the disappearances are due to men‘s mistake, mechanical problems, strange weather, or unusual magnetic phenomenon, while Charles Berlitz offers the theory that a giant solar crystal that lies on the ocean floor causes the disappearances. 10. Yes, they will find the answers, but this is a very challenging cruise which demands time, money and unusual courage. , p. 281 Part ? 1. Installation 2. trace 3. stain 4. visible 5. investigation 6. hunt 7. vanish 8. submerge 9. mechanical 10. cruise 11. sucked 12. atmosphere Part ?, p. 282 1. off 2. on 3. from; to 4. up 5. on 6. as 7. to 8. on 9. on 10.off 11.for 12.over .Part ?, p. 282 1. program 2. view 3. bleeding 4. erosion 5. damage 6. system 7. knowledge 8. contacts 9. authority 10. responsibilities Part ?, p. 283 1. subordinate 2. subheadings 3. submerging 4. subdivided 5. subcontinent 6. submarine 7. subhuman 8. subway Part VII, p. 283 1. e 2. h 3. b 4. c 5. g 6. d 7. f 8. a Part VIII, p. 284 1. Having too many people on the team slows our work down rather than speeding it up. 2. Mrs. Kester made students think for themselves rather than telling them what to think. 3. He preferred to sit quietly in class rather than risking giving an answer that might be wrong. 4. He wanted to make his living as a teacher rather than as a businessman. 5. In most modern societies women are treated as professional equals rather than (as) servants. 6. ―Body language‖ refers to communication through the way you move rather than speech. 7. Andrew is convinced that love rather than money is the key to happiness. 8. Many people nowadays communicate by e-mail rather than (by) phones and faxes. Part ?, p. 285 1. — There‘s someone at the door. — Whoever it is, I don‘t want to see them. 2. Come and see me whenever you‘re in Shanghai. 3. Wherever you go, you can always find Coca-Cola. 4. However rich people are, they always want more. 5. Whoever you‘ll marry, make sure he can cook. 6. Whichever day you come, we‘ll be pleased to see you. 7. They found the people friendly wherever they went. 8. However you travel, it‘ll take you at least two days. Part ?, p. 286 1. On the fine morning of May 26 a Navy aircraft took off from a military base on a mission to search for the enemy aircraft carrier. 2. The most extensive search effort in history, which involved 150 planes and dozens of ships, failed to turn up any sign of the missing aircraft. 3. I wouldn‘t go so far as to say, as the author does in the book, that it‘s the only explanation that covers all the facts. 4. Whatever you do, don‘t look for a pay increase when you know the company is going through some difficulty. 5. The theory that I‘m going to expand on in this book is that words do not stand for things and therefore cannot reflect the reality. 6. The Bermuda Triangle, known to soldiers as ―the Graveyard of the Atlantic‖, is not recognized by the U.S. Navy as a danger zone. 7. To date none of the books which have been published has offered convincing answers to the mystery of the Bermuda Triangle. 8. The argument that beings from outer space have established a highly advanced civilization in the unexplored depths of the Atlantic inside the triangle sets off a dispute among scientists. Part . XI, p. 286 1. 1945年12月5日下午两点～天气非常适 合飞行～五架海军飞机从佛罗里达州东南部 的一个海军飞行基地起飞～在大西洋上空作 一次例行飞行训练。 2. 这仅是众多有关―百慕大三角‖的恐怖故事 之一。―百慕大三角‖是大西洋的一处神秘地 带～大致范围从百慕大朝西南沿佛罗里达海 岸至波多黎各。 3. 有些科学家和通俗作家居然猜测此三角 地带是外星人为他们的 ―动物园‖捕捉人类 作标本之地。 4. 调查发现没有恶劣天气的迹象～没有求救信号～没有船只残骸～也没有船上309人的踪迹。 5. 美国海军官方并不承认此三角为危险地带～他们相信―(三角地带的)大多数失踪事件都应归咎于该地区独特的环境特征‖。 6. ―那儿的怪事、奇事层出不穷～‖《魔鬼三角》的作者理查德?文纳说。他这本书从三个月前出版以来～已经售出了50万册。 7. 伯利茨对传说中消失的岛屿亚特兰蒂斯很感兴趣～他扩展了这一学说～即曾是亚特兰蒂斯发电机的巨型太阳能水晶现在就在海底。 8. 按照他的理论～过往的船只或飞机时不时会触动那块水晶～于是它会干扰它们的仪器～把它们吸入海底。 XII 1-20 a d c c b c c d B b a d b d c b a d c c XIII 1. A rescue plane was sent to search for the missing aircraft, and it, too, disappeared without trace. 2. In a most extensive search effort with 300 planes and dozens of ships, the Navy found nothing, not even an oil stain floating on the water. 3. About the triangle: The Bermuda Triangle, a mysterious area of the Atlantic Ocean, roughly stretches southwest from Bermuda to the Florida coast and down to Puerto Rico. Among sailors, it is known as "the Graveyard of the Atlantic" because of the strange weather found there. 4. Its recorded history: During the past 30 years, the triangle has claimed the lives of some 1,000 sailors and pilots. Christopher Columbus recorded seeing curious glowing streaks of "white water", which are still visible today. XIV It is reported that 1,000 more people die daily from tobacco-related illness, and the cost of treating smoking-related diseases exceeds $22 billion annually in the United States alone. And the cost is climbing every year! Scientific research shows that smoking is not only harmful to smokers themselves, but also a threat to the nonsmokers around them, especially women and children. The number of passive smokers has been increasing and many are complaining that they have been deprived of their right of breathing fresh and healthy air because of the smoking in the public places. It is also said that one quarter of the world population are smokers. And smoking has become one of the major causes for many deaths and diseases. It has already become a serious problem. Therefore, we have to work out laws forbidding smokers to smoke in public places. Section B. The Ride of My Life Reading Skills XV 2. Denotation: fight against Connotation: could not help but make. It‘s implied that the mechanic was fond of making jokes and that the mechanic and the ―I‖ enjoyed a good relationship. 3. Denotation: give a loud continuing sound Connotation: started to work suddenly and with full energy. The engine is compared to a person who is brought suddenly to an active state from an inactive one. 4. Denotation: a trip on horseback, in a vehicle, or on any other thing that carries Connotation: a pleasant, longed-for journey. Here the difficult flight is compared to a journey full of excitement and pleasure. 5. Denotation: break up by explosions Connotation: rise into the air like a rocket that leaves the ground. The word gives you a sense of quickness and forcefulness, for the plane is compared to a rocket leaving the ground or, as you read in the next part of the sentence, to a bullet shot out of a rifle. 6. Denotation: enlargement Connotation: sth. making the pilot more capable. The controls are a great help to the pilot, thus enhancing his performance. 7, Denotation: the sea Connotation: a vast expanse. It gives you a sense of being great in space. 8. Denotation: beating Connotation: violently rocking me from side to side and making me uncomfortable. It gives one a sense of uneasiness and uncomfortableness. XVI. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions 1. A 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. D Part XVII p. 301 1. mechanic 2. strap 3. resist 4. wakened 5. fancy 6. steep 7. concentration 8. dial 9. Digital 10. compressed 11. whip 12. boom Part ? p. 301 1. hang on 2. popped out 3. in an emergency 4. in seconds 5. had trouble making 6. loaded with 7. went unnoticed 8. it helps 9. were filled with 10. No wonder 11. hung over 12. had Art Shell take his place XIX 1. always ready to quarrel or attack very smart at bargaining about the fare and tend to charge a passenger high 2. against the law unlicensed. These taxis are illegal in the sense that they have no licenses and come out for extra money. 3. begin to be used or have an effect need to be considered. These issues will have an effect on you and so you need to consider them carefully. 4. battles arguments with the driver. Here arguments over fares are compared to fights to indicate its fierceness. 5. anxiety; worry problem. This is an example of euphemism for or an understatement of problem. XX 1-10 F T F F T F F T T T