托福听力技巧

托福听力技巧 听力解析 Part A 经验统计法(场景/语境+语气) 所谓经验统计法就是根据历年的考与答案之间的关系统计得出的关于如何找到正确答题的经验。比如，―在听力的短对话部分，语气题在对话中出现的频率很高。而且当第二个人的说话内容听不清楚时，用其说话的多少来判定其态度是否定或肯定，假如是简短的一个句子，那是肯定语气，如you can say that again。假如是两个句子或更长通常是“否定语气‖，这一结论是根据26年来听力部分的所有短对话考题分类统计的结果。肯定、否定、失望、高兴、遗憾、无奈、抱怨、郁闷、惆怅、嘲讽、幸灾乐祸等等通过语气表现了出来，因为Part A，Part B永远是场景对话，speaker们永远不会干巴巴或者干脆逆着语气念台词，所以他们的语气往往主导了选项的大方向，一下自明。 不考的话题: ?Politics 政治 ?religion宗教信仰 ?campus violence(校园暴力) campus police(校园警察) ?human rights，Democracy，Discrimination TOEFL听力永远考美国光明的一面。而且不会考divorce，crime rates，death，murder，war等。 TOEFL听力中存在女尊男卑的现象—— 男生特别愚蠢，常常问一些很傻的问题，女生总是特别聪明，总是给出一些明智的见解;男生总是害羞，紧张，作业总做不完，考试总考不好，而且还不爱干净，男生宿舍总是脏(女生脏，因为学习) production and non-production areas and non-production areas and water sources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm is located in the field is downwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the poultry epidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated areas of the city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1. chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transformation, ease of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicken coop building type of the construction of closed-end and open-end, closed henhouse four-week window, using artificial light, mechanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and easy to manage. Windows that open sheds sheds are used outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artificial lighting is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the best environment of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cooling, water supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible residential air pollution: the introduction of fresh 思维“不要发散。”选项和内容是有很直接的对应关系，选项之间不会玩文字游戏以至有干扰选项或意思相近选项，做题体会一下就会发现。所以当一个内容听懂以后，你会发现四个选项三个疯话，只有一个完美的与内容和题目直接对应，注意是直接对应，不要想太多甚至引申发挥一下。 发音、词汇和题型三种都是从某种语言角度获取TOEFL听力考试的规律，场景的方法则已完全摆脱了语言这一表象，发生了哲学性的飞跃，上升到现实生活的高度来抓TOEFL听力的技巧。场景方法可行的原因仍在于ETS的出题原则，“学生生活原则”是ETS坚定不移的出题原则，这一原则使TOEFL听力从内容上永远离不了学生生活这一中心。学生生活的圈子是很小的，学校的校园也就那么大一点儿，而TOEFL听力已经考了几十年了，所以学校里的每一寸上都不知被考过多少遍了。 经典思路诗 安慰鼓励，坚持第一?? 影响学习，马上放弃?? 赞美夸奖，毫不谦虚?? 逢人便夸，从不打击?? 讲话直接，态度清楚?? 寻求帮助，乐于建议?? 品位高雅，音乐位居?? 生活窘迫，钱是难题?? sheds are used outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artifici chanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and easy to manage. Windows that open shedsweek window, using artificial light, me-end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ken coop building type of the construction of closedn, ease of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicrmatio. chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transfos of the city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1d areapoultry epidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated is downwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the is located in the fielproduction areas and water sources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm -production areas and non-production and nondential air pollution: the introduction of fresh, water supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible resioolingt environment of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cghting is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the besal li2 积极向上，善良正义?? 间接回答，不伤友谊?? 形象思维，理解习语?? 把握语调，听出语气?? 注释: ? 是土壤部分，一种美国人的文化，在听力中多见。如，比赛一输要放弃了，第二人劝;课程太难坚持不住要quit了，第二人劝;小说人物复杂不想读了，第二人劝;减肥坚持不住，第二人劝等等。 ? 弘扬bright sides， 听力中的美国学生永远是学习，有任何事情与之冲突都要放弃其它而学习;这么多年考试中，偶有一次例外，当然发生在男生身上，一女生邀他玩，他来了一句:―The book can wait‖丢人的话来。除此之外，别无例外。比如:在第一人话中出现娱乐项目，而第二人话中出现学习类项目，可想而知下文是什么了。 ? 又是一个美国文化，区别与我们的文化对待。Thinking in American way! ? 见人有衣无衣都great;有头发无头发都great;体形好不好都great，所以理解后用于生活中，有美国人说:―Your English is good.‖千万别自喜，因为他们的文化就是这个。 ? first thing first，用于抓态度，绕难点解题。应用于我们的写作中，先给point再develop。 ? ?学生生活中，困难是常有的，而互相帮助又是听力中传播的温情，别管事实怎样，解题用它。但车和钱很少外借，他可以载你去，但不会借你车。 ?听力中的建议一定是考点，把所有的建议句式(干)背过，听觉上， er supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible residentint of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cooling, watironmeg is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the best envused outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artificial lightineasy to manage. Windows that open sheds sheds are week window, using artificial light, mechanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and -end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ilding type of the construction of closedoop buse of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transformation, eacken cthe city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1. chidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated areas of ry epidownwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the poultsources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm is located in the field is production areas and water -production areas and non-production and nonpollution: the introduction of fresh al air3 一听见有建议，必抓之解题。而建议他人的四类是:时间、地点、人物、动作。 ? ?强调学生的high taste:吃饭去意/法餐馆;用香水;用天然的化装品;听音乐会;拒绝电视、电影。 ?提到音乐会一定去看;音乐会票一定难买;音乐会一定人山人海(过道都是人);音乐会的赞美无与伦比(out of this world出色的，了不起的，极好的)。 ? 是解听力题一个永久的暗线。没钱等sale;买到sale极兴奋;家具用二手;打工来挣钱;物价一涨就抱怨;租房屋子简布置;一定是小破房等等。 ? 出题基调，展示留学生生活的美好。 ? 一种常考的思维，常见的美国人讲话方式。 ? ?一种思维方式，值得我们在用词方面学习。比如，我们说贵very very expensive，土人们形象化cost a fortune(花大价钱)来表达。 ?在理解记忆习语及临场解决习语时运用。 ? 听力的至高境界，从一词一词听?一词组一词组听?一句话一句话听?一意群一意群听?一调子一调子听。闭上眼，只有调子在脑中乱飞去解题。以调子、重读、语气小词来把握。 场景篇 一、衣着场景 思 路 诗: 买衣价格选公道， 穿对场合少烦恼。 加衣换衣随天气， 洗衣程序要记牢。 买衣五话题: 1、price: on sale/big sale/discount/clearance sale/good buy(bargain)/great buy 2、 style: formal/causal/suit, pantsuit/dress , water supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible resioolingt environment of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cghting is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the besal lisheds are used outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artifici chanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and easy to manage. Windows that open shedsweek window, using artificial light, me-end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ken coop building type of the construction of closedn, ease of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicrmatio. chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transfos of the city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1d areapoultry epidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated is downwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the is located in the fielproduction areas and water sources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm -production areas and non-production and nondential air pollution: the introduction of fresh4 搭 配: go well with/be perfect with/match (suit/fit) 3、color: blue/navy blue/dark blue/light blue/solid blue(纯蓝色)/purplish 4、 size: small ? medium ? large 松 紧: tight ? loose ? baggy (宽松) 调 换:change for a large one get next size up 5、material:(热爱天然) wool , cotton , silk, synthetic fabric(混合纤维), nylon , linen(亚麻) 穿对场合: 1、 formal: reception/interview/presentation/wedding/graduation ceremony 2、 causal: party/barbecue/picnic 3、 中 性: jacket 随天气加减: 1、 太 冷:(加衣服) 取 出 take / get out 2、 太 热:(收衣服) pack (up) put/take away 收哪些 down jacket/overcoat/scarf/mittens/gloves/boots 洗衣程序: 1、 洗 衣:do the washing 2、 衣服脏了: stain / ink stain 3、 洗 衣 粉: laundry detergent 4、 洗 衣 机: washer , washing machine 5、 地 点:launderette(自助洗衣店) 6、 设 备:main cleaning facility 7、 动 作:drop the coin in the slot 8、 意 外: ? over the normal load ? 坏了 坏了 out of order, doesn’t work, break down, broken, give out ? 缩水 shrink al airer supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible residentint of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cooling, watironmeg is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the best envused outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artificial lightineasy to manage. Windows that open sheds sheds are week window, using artificial light, mechanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and -end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ilding type of the construction of closedoop buse of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transformation, eacken cthe city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1. chidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated areas of ry epidownwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the poultsources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm is located in the field is production areas and water -production areas and non-production and nonpollution: the introduction of fresh 5 掉色 fade / lose color / faint 皱了 crumple ?iron 染了? breach 二、宿舍场景 思 路 诗: 地点价钱很重要， 简单布置问题扰。 同屋相处多理解， 宿舍总是小脏吵。 地点价钱: 1、 on / off campus 2、close to the campus ; near the university 否则 too far away / out of the way 需要 commute ? not reliable 3、 环境 ? quiet 4、 价钱(生活窘迫，钱是难题) 便宜 reasonable 否则 couldn’t afford 5、 费用(rent and utilities) electric fee/ water fee/ heating fee 上涨 go up (备注): ? first year students usually live in dorm. After that they can move off. ? There are plenty of apartments freeing up after graduation. 简单布置问题扰: 1、 布置:furnish the apartment, paint room, have it painted , vacuum the rug / carpet ,(给地毯吸尘) polish the furniture,(给家具打蜡) 挂一挂 framed posters 2、 问题:The window is stuck. The shutters(百叶窗) are loose. -end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ken coop building type of the construction of closedn, ease of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicrmatio. chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transfos of the city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1d areapoultry epidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated is downwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the is located in the fielproduction areas and water sources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm -production areas and non-production and nondential air pollution: the introduction of fresh, water supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible resioolingt environment of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cghting is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the besal lisheds are used outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artifici chanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and easy to manage. Windows that open shedsweek window, using artificial light, me6 The faucet(水龙头) / pipe is leaking. The lock doesn’t open. There is some thing wrong with the wiring. 停电: black out / power failure 人物:technician / electrician / plumber / maintenance 相 处: 1、 室友首要条件: neat / considerate 2、 相 处 和 睦: get on / along well with / be on good term 3、 相 处 不 好: hold grudge / have hard feeling with sb. / picky / find fault in others (备注): 噪音，聚会多为影响方式，另外东西乱放:put it all around / over 小、脏、吵: 1、 小: too tiny / cramped(狭窄的) / I couldn’t turn around / no space 2、 脏: too messy / mess up / dump / chaos 3、 吵: noisy / play music loudly / throw wild party 三、 选课场景 思 路 诗: 先初再高等同意， 热门提前抓时机。 太多太难基础课， 选修必修记仔细。 1、 选: register / sign up for enroll / enlist in ;take 地点: registration office 人物:registrar ? course catalog(课程目录) ? course sheet(选课单) 2、 初级课:intro course / basic course / prerequisite course(先修科目) week window, using artificial light, mechanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and -end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ilding type of the construction of closedoop buse of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transformation, eacken cthe city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1. chidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated areas of ry epidownwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the poultsources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm is located in the field is production areas and water -production areas and non-production and nonpollution: the introduction of fresh al airer supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible residentint of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cooling, watironmeg is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the best envused outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artificial lightineasy to manage. Windows that open sheds sheds are 7 中级课:intermediate course 高级课:advanced course / upper level course 其它课:seminar / workshop / field / theater trip 3、 教授同意三形式:permission approval signature 师生对话三顾虑:workload is too much / bear too much / hard / too demanding whether everything is on the right track. 4、 提 前: in advance / before hard / ahead of time 同时选:simultaneously 退 课: drop / quit / get out of it 5、 选修课:optional course / elective course / selective course / electives / selectives 必修课: required course / compulsory course (备注): 听力中学生由于课程选的太难，话题会延伸到“排解” ? tutoring service / hiring a tutor ? stress management course 四、 生病场景 思 路 诗: 头痛脑热，发烧感冒， 预约在先，繁忙取消。 体育运动，家具搬动， 有病勿延，按时服药。 小 病: cold, flu, chills, ache 约: 1、 预 约:make / get / set up / have an appointment 2、 推 迟: put off / postpone 3、 取 消: cancel / get / have a cancellation 4、 重 约: reschedule / rearrange 外 伤: -end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ken coop building type of the construction of closedn, ease of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicrmatio. chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transfos of the city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1d areapoultry epidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated is downwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the is located in the fielproduction areas and water sources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm -production areas and non-production and nondential air pollution: the introduction of fresh, water supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible resioolingt environment of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cghting is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the besal lisheds are used outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artifici chanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and easy to manage. Windows that open shedsweek window, using artificial light, me8 1、 检 查: have it looked at / into / up / checked out 2、 部 位: head, shoulder, back, arm elbow, wrist , waist, leg, knee, ankle, foot, toe 3、 形 式: twist, break, strain, sprain, swelling, hurt, injure 4、 解决方式: see a doctor, take a rest, be on crutches(拄拐) 5、 避 免: don’t put weight on your feet; stay off your foot 勿 延:don’t put it off, it’s pretty foolish not to see a doctor 服药: 1、 服:take: take two of these pills three times a day 2、 药效: ? 优点: Do any good, help, work, useful, make a difference ? 缺点: make me drowsy / headache (cut back) (备注): ? 基于小病，故动用hospital 情况很少，一般 infirmary(医务室), clinic ? 住院 check in , be admitted in 出院 check out ,release from 五、 打工场景 思 路 诗: 工种选择多方向， 报纸熟人广培养。 简历面试要注意， 时间工资工作量。 工 种: 校 内: TA/RA/LA library: cataloging department (采编部) 校 外:?restaurant waiter / waitress / cook / chef / do the dishes ?store stock shelf / hand-painter 家 政: baby-sitter / house-sitter / house-painter 途 径: 1、 查 报纸 找工作 ? job-hunting 登 广告 找室友 roommate 2、朋 友 recommend 关系网 networking 3、手 法 job / search technique 4、等待 opening / position / vacancy / job offer / job creation 简历面试: 1、 resume 要 clean 是否有 typos / typing errors / typographic(版 式) 如有修改 fix errors / revise / check / check out / correct 投 drop off 2、 ? 面试，着装得体 ? 填表 fill out the form ? 合格 be qualified for the job, meet their requirement 时间、工资、工作量: pollution: the introduction of fresh al airer supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible residentint of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cooling, watironmeg is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the best envused outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artificial lightineasy to manage. Windows that open sheds sheds are week window, using artificial light, mechanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and -end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ilding type of the construction of closedoop buse of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transformation, eacken cthe city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1. chidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated areas of ry epidownwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the poultsources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm is located in the field is production areas and water -production areas and non-production and non9 1、 时 间:?冲突 work schedule conflict with class schedule ?合适 the hours are convenient ?早/晚班 morning shift / night shift 2、 工 资:The pay is handsome / decent 3、 工作量: workload (备注): 一般学生找的工作为 part-time, job on the side 偶尔会谈到解雇问题 laid off, let sb. go, get one’s marching orders 六、 教授场景 思 路 诗: 太多太难分太低， 课好课坏口不一。 偶有教授要休退， 淡淡离愁见惋惜。 教授特点: 1、 多: prof thinks we don’t have any other class 2、 难: demanding / tough / hard 3、 低: expecting just a passing grade, higher grade 4、 拖堂: run overtime, run late, let sb. go late 5、 准时: punctual, prompt, you can set your watch by the on start of his class, on the dot 教授评价: 1、通用: be packed / crowded/ impressed/ well attended/ out of this world 2、专用: fascinating, provoking, thought provoking, provide food for thought(精神食粮) (tedious/boring) 1、 出现钟表类物品: keep watching the clock / keep looking at watch 2、 出现时间: keep counting the time 3、 coffee: before his lecture, I need two cups of coffee. 4、 注意力相关词: drop / doze off stay / keep ?? alert / away 5、 理解相关词: catch, follow, figure out, make any sense of it, make heads or tails of it(理解，弄清楚) 习语: be all Greek to sb. ; be at sea(一片茫然) ; be in the dark 1、 won’t find anyone to fill her shoes(接替 她) 2、 It’s a pity / rare breed (难得) 3、 lead a few course t environment of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cghting is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the besal lisheds are used outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artifici chanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and easy to manage. Windows that open shedsweek window, using artificial light, me-end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ken coop building type of the construction of closedn, ease of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicrmatio. chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transfos of the city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1d areapoultry epidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated is downwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the is located in the fielproduction areas and water sources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm -production areas and non-production and nondential air pollution: the introduction of fresh, water supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible resiooling10 七、 天气场景 思 路 诗: 温度湿度降水量， 二谈天气四影响: a. 衣着随时换， b. 航班偶改点， c. 学校受牵连， d. 活动没法办。 单纯谈天气: 1、 温 度 temperature 湿度 humidity 降水 precipitation 2、 天气预报: forecast is for /forecast calls for / forecast says 3、 各种天气: 晴 天 mild, sunny, let up, clear up 阴 天 cloudy, overcast 雨 rainy, pour, downpour 雪 snowy, heavy snow, sleet(雨夹雪) 风 breeze, breezy, windy 冷 cold, ice cold, freezing, chilly 热 scorching, sticky, muggy(闷热的), stuffy 四影响: 1、 衣着:?冷了 get / take out ?热了 pack up, put away 2、 机场:?航班 flight was delayed / canceled. ?机场 airport was closed / reopen. 3、 学校:? close ? session: if there is one (语气) 4、 活动:?天气好 ?利用 make the most/best/fullest use / of ?天气差 ?影响 outdoor activities (beach/ outdoor concert/sports/picnic) 八、 论文场景 思 路 诗: 题目太大难拟定， 资料难查路不明， 多找教授勤修改， easy to manage. Windows that open sheds sheds are week window, using artificial light, mechanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and -end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ilding type of the construction of closedoop buse of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transformation, eacken cthe city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1. chidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated areas of ry epidownwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the poultsources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm is located in the field is production areas and water -production areas and non-production and nonpollution: the introduction of fresh al airer supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible residentint of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cooling, watironmeg is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the best envused outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artificial lightin11 小小眉目换心情。 题目难定: 1、 句式 I have trouble / difficulty / a hard time / deciding on a topic 2、 太大 too broad ? 缩小 narrow down the topic 资料难查: 1、 查_____check、look up 2、 too much material to cover 教授同意: 1、 同意: give the green light 2、 修改:revise、proofread_ 眉 目: 1、 有进展 get somewhere; when someone is on to sth. 2、 想出了 hit upon sth; come up with sth. 九、 交作业 思 路 诗: 作业马上要交递， 迫在眉睫等延期。 1、 作 业:assignment, studies, course work, school work 论 文: essay ? thesis ? dissertation 报 告: lab report / book report 2、上 交: turn / hand in 到 期: be due 3、学生作业拖拉: drag one’s feet; get backed up / put off 4、延 期:ask for extension ask prof.to extend the deadline 理 由:A: sick B: computer is down; wipe out computer files 5、常见句式: put the finishing touches on the paper 收尾 chanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and easy to manage. Windows that open shedsweek window, using artificial light, me-end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ken coop building type of the construction of closedn, ease of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicrmatio. chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transfos of the city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1d areapoultry epidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated is downwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the is located in the fielproduction areas and water sources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm -production areas and non-production and nondential air pollution: the introduction of fresh, water supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible resioolingt environment of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cghting is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the besal lisheds are used outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artifici 12 There goes my social life 十、照相场景 思 路 诗: 拍照片，多角度， 焦距、胶卷少错误。 洗照片，装相簿， 就怕曝光相模糊。 拍 照: take a picture of sb. (with ……as background) take a group picture 别动 sit still 笑 smile / cheese 对 焦: in focus / out of focus 胶 卷: 室内 film for indoor shots 室外 film for outdoor pictures 一卷 a roll of film 用光 ran out of film 冲 洗:v develop 放大 enlarge 句式 drop off the film for developing / at photo studio 相 册: photo album 曝 光: 不足 under exposed 过度 over exposed 模 糊:n blur adj blurry dark 句式 the picture didn’t come out well 十一、电话场景 思 路 诗: 电话簿，分多种， 盲音占线打不通。 挂不挂，看费用， 带着硬币找公共。 1、 电话簿表达: phone book , telephone book, directory, yellow page 2、 杂 音: static 线路差:the connection is bad 占线: the line is busy; keep getting the busy signal /the line is engaged. 3、 挂与不挂: hang up / hold on / hang on / hold the line -end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ilding type of the construction of closedoop buse of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transformation, eacken cthe city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1. chidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated areas of ry epidownwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the poultsources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm is located in the field is production areas and water -production areas and non-production and nonpollution: the introduction of fresh al airer supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible residentint of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cooling, watironmeg is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the best envused outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artificial lightineasy to manage. Windows that open sheds sheds are week window, using artificial light, mechanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and 13 各种电话:local phone/ long distance phone/ collect call(对方付费电话) 4、 打 通: get through / reach 回 电:return the call 5、 电 话 亭: booth / kiosk 公共电话: pay phone 动 作: drop coin in the slot 十二、送礼物场景 思 路 诗: 送礼不选贵， 包装讲精美， 开包显惊讶， 是否对其味。 1、 场合 birthday party, dinner party 物品 flower , dessert, tie, scarf, sweater 2、 包装 have the gift wrapped; with silver, gold , brown paper, match bow. 3、 挑剔 picky; be particular about; have a high taste; well-dressed . 十三、养花草场景 思 路 诗: 花草长势有异样， 阳光水分和摆放， 窗前屋角挪一挪， 道是光线或阴凉。 1、 花草 plant, flower 问题 brown / do well 2、 光/水 sunlight, water, move away from the window; near the window; in front of the window; move over the window; get plenty of light; water it frequently. 3、 挪动 4、 解决 -end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ken coop building type of the construction of closedn, ease of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicrmatio. chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transfos of the city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1d areapoultry epidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated is downwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the is located in the fielproduction areas and water sources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm -production areas and non-production and nondential air pollution: the introduction of fresh, water supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible resioolingt environment of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cghting is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the besal lisheds are used outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artifici chanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and easy to manage. Windows that open shedsweek window, using artificial light, me14 十四、减肥场景 思 路 诗: 减肥常常考， 节食不可少， 锻炼最重要， 坚持出成效。 1、 胖 big , huge , heavy, overweight, obese(肥 胖的) / obesity 2、 发福节食 put on some weight, gain some pounds 3、 锻炼 be on a diet; be a dieter; cut down on what you eat 4、 别放弃 work out in the gym 十五、借东西场景 思 路 : 1、 借东西句型 could I borrow your --------- could you lend me your ------ could I use your ------------ Do you have ------, I could use ----------- I don’t imagine that you have ----I could use----- 2、 两种难借 钱 _____________________________________________ 车____________________________________________ 3、 给 期 限 as long as I get it back by ------- 十六、邀请场景 1、 邀请内容 dinner; academic; discussion; 课外活动:电影、音乐会、海滩、爬山、网球 2、 邀请句式 care to do sth end and open-ilding type of the construction of closedoop buse of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transformation, eacken cthe city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1. chidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated areas of ry epidownwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the poultsources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm is located in the field is production areas and water -production areas and non-production and nonpollution: the introduction of fresh al airer supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible residentint of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cooling, watironmeg is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the best envused outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artificial lightineasy to manage. Windows that open sheds sheds are week window, using artificial light, mechanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and -end, closed henhouse four-15 would you like to do / come along? Join me / us Let’s …… Wanna do ……, 3、 回答思路 ? 可以去 count me in; how could I turn down an offer like that …… ? 去不了 委婉拒绝 I wish, I could, but ? 下次 any other time would be great, take a rain check(改期), another time perhaps 十七、笔记场景 思路:记 ? 借 ? 考 ? 认 1、 记 take notes; down; take notes, jot notes, put notes, put it on paper 2、 借lend / borrow 3、 考 exams are based on lectures / notes 4、 认 make out handwriting; illegible(难辨认 的) 十八、吃饭场景 1、 外出吃 eat out / dine out / go out for dinner / try out that new place 2、 地 点 ? French place ? Italian place 预 约 book a table, book up 3、点 菜 order dishes 侍 者 take the order; bring one’s order 4、程 序 appetizer, main course, dessert 5、付账问题 week window, using artificial light, me-end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ken coop building type of the construction of closedn, ease of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicrmatio. chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transfos of the city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1d areapoultry epidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated is downwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the is located in the fielproduction areas and water sources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm -production areas and non-production and nondential air pollution: the introduction of fresh, water supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible resioolingt environment of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cghting is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the besal lisheds are used outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artifici chanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and easy to manage. Windows that open sheds16 , Let me foot the bill. 我来付账。 , Let me pick up the bill. 我来埋单。 , It’s my treat. / It’s on me./ I’ll treat you.我请客。 , Let’s go Dutch.我们各付各的。 , Let’s go fifty-fifty. / Let’s split the expense./ Let’s share the expense.我们分摊费用。 十九、读书场景 思路:读书是学生最重要的部分，因此和读书有关的说法一定要掌握: 1(经常读的书有:novel 小说;best seller 畅销书;autobiography 自传;science fiction 科幻小说;detective story 侦探小说 2(学生读书专注，对书很感兴趣，有以下几种说法:can’t put down the book 书 放不下来;I was totally absorbed in the book. 我 被书完全吸引了。 3(谈到读书很快: He is a fast reader, he will be through with the book in no time (一会功夫). 4(反过来，会谈到书不好读，读得很慢:I’ve been struggling with the same chapter for a long time. It seems that I will never get through the book. 5书读完了:Are you done with the book?;I’m through with the book. nt of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cooling, watironmeg is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the best envused outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artificial lightineasy to manage. Windows that open sheds sheds are week window, using artificial light, mechanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and -end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ilding type of the construction of closedoop buse of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transformation, eacken cthe city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1. chidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated areas of ry epidownwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the poultsources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm is located in the field is production areas and water -production areas and non-production and nonpollution: the introduction of fresh al airer supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible residenti17 二十、音乐会场景 思路:托福听力中的学生热爱音乐会，他们最喜欢classical music,他们不怎么喜欢rock& roll。 音乐会是好的 音乐会人是多的 音乐会是要去听的(如果不去，一定是因为学习。) 音乐会票是要提前买的 二十一、搭车场景 思路:经常上学、赴约、面试、回家、去图书馆、看医生搭车 句型: ,Could you give me a ride to…? ,Could you get a ride with you to …? ,Could you give me a lift to …? ,Could I get a lift with you to …? ,Could I ride with you to…? 二十二、咖啡和茶的场景 思路:托福听力中咖啡的场景不断出现，但茶的场景提及的不是很多 第一、喜欢喝 第二、邀请喝 第三、怎么喝 chanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and easy to manage. Windows that open shedsweek window, using artificial light, me-end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ken coop building type of the construction of closedn, ease of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicrmatio. chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transfos of the city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1d areapoultry epidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated is downwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the is located in the fielproduction areas and water sources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm -production areas and non-production and nondential air pollution: the introduction of fresh, water supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible resioolingt environment of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cghting is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the besal lisheds are used outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artifici18 第四、不能喝 1、喜欢: A: Would you like a cup of coffee? B: A cup of coffee? I’ll need three or four. 2、怎么喝:可以加sugar, cream, milk,也可以不加，叫black coffee 。 备注:听到caffeine，doctor，medical restriction做题 二十三、参加社团场景 思路:学校有各种各样的社团，参加之后，日程上冲突 1、托福听力中主要谈到:chorus 合唱队university band 学校乐队drama club 剧社dorm council 宿舍管理委员会 2、选拔和面试:She auditioned for the chorus. 她参加了合唱队的面试。 3、选举:He ran for the position of president of the Students’ Union. 4、冲突:put in a lot of hours(花很多时间)conflict in the schedule(在日程上的冲突)。 Part B + Part C TOEFL听力段子十大黄金原则 1( 听见什么，选什么原则 该原则为―TOEFL听力段子十大黄金原则‖之首，因为其它九大原则都建立在它的基础之上。 2( 重复原则 听段子时，要特别注意那些―重复率高的词或概念‖。因为重复率高的东西容易引起我们听者的注意。 pollution: the introduction of fresh al airer supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible residentint of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cooling, watironmeg is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the best envused outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artificial lightineasy to manage. Windows that open sheds sheds are week window, using artificial light, mechanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and -end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ilding type of the construction of closedoop buse of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transformation, eacken cthe city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1. chidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated areas of ry epidownwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the poultsources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm is located in the field is production areas and water -production areas and non-production and non19 段子中―重复率最高的词或概念‖很可能就是这个段子的主题(TOPIC)。 3( 建议原则 听段子时，要特别注意那些―含有建议含义的词或结构‖。因为无论段子还是对话，建议的地方永远做考点。 历年TOEFL听力段子中最常考的建议类结构汇编: 1) You should 2) I suggest / I propose / I recommend 3) proposal / tips / suggestion / advice/ recommendation 4) had better do sth. / be better off doing sth. 5) How about…? / What about…? 6) Why not…? / Why don’t you…? 7) If I were you, I would…/ I wouldn’t… 8) Would it make things go faster if you…? 9) Maybe / Perhaps you… 10) How does … sound? 4( 强调原则 乍听上去，强调原则显得很笼统。其实具体可分为两大类:语义强调和语气、语调强调。 语义强调包括含义强调、解释强调、举例强调、级别强调、结论强调、对比强调等六种。 语气、语调强调包括重音强调、停顿强调、清晰强调等三种。 下面我们就来一一论述，先讲―语义强调的六大分支‖。 1)含义强调: end and open-ken coop building type of the construction of closedn, ease of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicrmatio. chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transfos of the city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1d areapoultry epidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated is downwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the is located in the fielproduction areas and water sources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm -production areas and non-production and nondential air pollution: the introduction of fresh, water supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible resioolingt environment of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cghting is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the besal lisheds are used outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artifici chanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and easy to manage. Windows that open shedsweek window, using artificial light, me-end, closed henhouse four-20 听段子时，要特别注意那些―本身含义上就给我们以震撼或触动的词或结构‖。比如:―Especially‖一词后面的内容一定是考点，因为它本身就表示―尤其是‖，体现了ETS的―求异思想‖。再比如:―new theory‖周围也一定存在考点，因为这体现了ETS的―求新思想‖。有时ETS为强调某事，还特意用一些极其显而易见的表达方式提醒我们，例如:―indeed(真正得)‖、―certainly(当然)‖、―Just remember(一定要记住)‖、―And again.(再说一遍)‖、―special feature(特殊的特征)‖、―Most importantly(最为重要的是)‖、―One thing I should mention(我应该提及的是……)‖、―Make / Be sure to…(一定要……)‖等等。更多的含义强调词还靠大家自己积累和体会。 2)解释强调: 听段子时，要特别注意那些―本身含义上带有解释性质的词或结构‖。比如:―…, which is / that is…(那就是说……)‖显然，―which is / that is…‖引导的定语从句是ETS为防止我们考生听不懂前面的内容(生僻的词或概念)，而特意添加上去，用来进一步加以解释的。所以这种解释性的定语从句理所当然就成了强调考点所在的重要标志。类似的结构如―What I mean is…‖、―All that means is…‖等等不胜枚举。 3)举例强调: 听段子时，要特别注意那些―带有举例或列举性质的词或结构‖。比如:―for example…(例如……)‖因为例子总比道理简单易懂得多。ETS清楚地知道:考生明白了后面的举例，自然也就理解了前面的概念，然后再考前面的概念也就顺理成章了。这点显然跟解释原则类似。所以这种举例或列举式的结构也成了强调考点所在的重要标志。类似的结构如―for instance‖、―such as…‖―namely…‖、―as an example‖、―take example for ‖等等不胜枚举。 -end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ilding type of the construction of closedoop buse of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transformation, eacken cthe city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1. chidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated areas of ry epidownwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the poultsources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm is located in the field is production areas and water -production areas and non-production and nonpollution: the introduction of fresh al airer supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible residentint of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cooling, watironmeg is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the best envused outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artificial lightineasy to manage. Windows that open sheds sheds are week window, using artificial light, mechanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and 21 4)级别强调: 听段子时，要特别注意那些―带有级别比较(比较级或最高级)性质的词或结构‖。比如:―much higher than…(比……高得多)‖，因为有比较就有观点，是观点就是考点。所以这种带有级别比较(比较级或最高级)性质的词或结构也成了表明考点所在的重要标志。类似的结构还有―-er‖、―-est‖ 、―more‖、―most‖、―mostly‖、―first‖、―last‖、―majority(多数派)‖、―minority(少数派)‖、―above all(首要的是)‖等等举不胜举。 5)结论强调: 听段子时，要特别注意那些―带有结论、总结性质的词或结构‖。比如:―I concluded that…(我的结论是……)‖，不可否认，结论性言语在哪里都是最重要的，所以这种带有结论、总结性质的词或结构也标志着考点的存在。类似的结构还有―conclusion‖、―summarize‖、―make a summary(总结)‖、―in brief(概括说)‖、 ―in short(简而言之)‖、―in a word(简而言之)‖、―in a conclusion‖、 ―finally‖、―all in all‖、―to sum up‖等等举不胜举。 6)对比强调: 听段子时，还要特别注意那些―带有对比性质的词或结构‖。比如:―compare to…(与……相比)‖这种带有对比性质的词或结构也标志着考点就在周围。类似的结构还有―unlike(不象)‖、―similar to(与……类似)‖、―in contrast to(与……对照)‖、―differently‖、―alike(象)‖、―resemble(类似)‖ ―on the other hand‖ ―instead‖ ―likewise‖ ―in the same way‖等等。 接下来讲语气、语调强调的三大分支。 1)重音强调: 听段子时，我们作为听者，都会下意识地注意听那些―读音很重的词或结 sheds are used outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artifici chanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and easy to manage. Windows that open shedsweek window, using artificial light, me-end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ken coop building type of the construction of closedn, ease of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicrmatio. chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transfos of the city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1d areapoultry epidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated is downwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the is located in the fielproduction areas and water sources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm -production areas and non-production and nondential air pollution: the introduction of fresh, water supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible resioolingt environment of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cghting is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the besal li22 构‖。因为它们got our attention(抓住了我们的注意力)。这就是ETS本能强调的突出体现。所以重音所在必为考点所在。 2)停顿强调: 一个段子读得好好的，突然一个停顿，过了一两秒种后才恢复过来。这种嘎然而止的现象特别能引起我们考生的注意。同样也达到了ETS get attention的目的，成为本能强调的又一突出体现。所以停顿所在必为考点所在。 3)清晰强调: 该强调方式最具隐蔽性。因为大多数考生有一种奇怪的想法:认为容易听清听懂的地方不会考，最会考的是那些生僻难懂之处。所以不惜花大量时间和精力去、猜测难点含义，却忽略以致放弃已经听懂的地方。不要忘记TOEFL是第二语言测试，不会―没有人性‖到―专考生僻所在‖。所以应引起我们充分重视的还是那些读得清晰的易懂之处。切记:清晰之处一样是考点所在。 5( 因果原则 听段子时，要特别注意那些―含有因果含义的词或结构‖。因为无论段子还是对话，有因果的地方永远做考点。因果类标志词又可细分为原因类和结果类。 Multiply: 历年TOEFL听力段子中最常考的因果类结构汇编: 原因类: 1) because … 2) because of … 3) due to … 4) since … 5) as … al airer supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible residentint of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cooling, watironmeg is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the best envused outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artificial lightineasy to manage. Windows that open sheds sheds are week window, using artificial light, mechanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and -end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ilding type of the construction of closedoop buse of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transformation, eacken cthe city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1. chidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated areas of ry epidownwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the poultsources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm is located in the field is production areas and water -production areas and non-production and nonpollution: the introduction of fresh 23 6) for … 7) The reason is … 8) That’s why … 9) By reason of … 10) Owing to … 结果类: 1) so … 2)so that … 3)therefore … 4)thereby … 5)hereby … 6)thus … 7)As a result 8)consequently … 9)hence … 10)accordingly … 6(转折原则 听段子时，还要特别注意那些“含有转折含义的词或结构”。因为无论段 子还是对话，转折的地方永远做考点。 Multiply: 历年TOEFL听力段子中最常考的转折类结构汇编: 1) but „ 2) however „ dential air pollution: the introduction of fresh, water supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible resioolingt environment of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cghting is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the besal lisheds are used outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artifici chanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and easy to manage. Windows that open shedsweek window, using artificial light, me-end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ken coop building type of the construction of closedn, ease of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicrmatio. chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transfos of the city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1d areapoultry epidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated is downwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the is located in the fielproduction areas and water sources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm -production areas and non-production and non24 3) nevertheless „ 4) while „ 5) yet „ 6) unless „ 7) except for „ 8) actually „ 9) in fact „ 10) To tell you the truth „ 11) practically „ 12) virtually „ 13) as a matter of fact „ 7( 问答原则 听段子时，还要特别注意那些“含有一问一答或自问自答形式的句子或结构”。往往问题就会做为考题，而对问题的回答就是考点所在，即正确答案的出处。 8(开头原则 听段子时，要特别注意听清“段子开头的一两句话”。往往TOPIC(主题)会在这一带出现，而主题必为考点。 9(尾巴原则 同样，还要特别注意听清“段子结束时的一两句话”。往往CONCLUSION(结论)会在这一带出现，而结论也必为考点。 10( 人名原则 er supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible residentint of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cooling, watironmeg is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the best envused outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artificial lightineasy to manage. Windows that open sheds sheds are week window, using artificial light, mechanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and -end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ilding type of the construction of closedoop buse of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transformation, eacken cthe city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1. chidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated areas of ry epidownwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the poultsources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm is located in the field is production areas and water -production areas and non-production and nonpollution: the introduction of fresh al air25 切记:听段子时，不论是文科段还是理科段，只要出现人名的地方，往往“埋伏着”考点。因为后面必有一道题会问这个人的地位、作用和所做出的特殊贡献。故含有人名之处必为考点 预测能力: 当professor 刚开始说，in the last class，时，脑中迅速做好，等待today’s class 准备。 当professor 开始描述 A事物的特征时，脑中迅速做好,等待，B事物拥有和A 事物恰巧相反特征的准备。 关于猜测能力举例: 当professor说出一陌生概念时，后面举例 frog，脑中迅速对那个陌生概念进行猜测得出是amphibian. 好像阅读部分的文章一样，听力部分的文章也是有固定结构框架的。例如:它包含有:介绍，支持性的细节，和所举例子，还有结尾。 首先 1、开头。开头为美国教师讲课风格的开头，向全班同学问好，回顾上节课的话题或直接进入主题。 2、讲座的目的。在陈述出主题后，教师往往会说整篇文章将会从哪个方面讲述主题。这里往往是主旨题的考点。 3、细节和例子。作为一篇正式学术讲座，其内容往往会出现大于等于3个的细节点。 4、结论。每篇学术文章结束都应该有一个结论点题。但是，有的文章会比较不明显。 sheds are used outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artifici chanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and easy to manage. Windows that open shedsweek window, using artificial light, me-end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ken coop building type of the construction of closedn, ease of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicrmatio. chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transfos of the city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1d areapoultry epidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated is downwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the is located in the fielproduction areas and water sources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm -production areas and non-production and nondential air pollution: the introduction of fresh, water supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible resioolingt environment of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cghting is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the besal li26 5、学生或者教授的评论部分。有时候，老师将会提问某一学生，问他关于这篇文章讲述理论的观点。学生回答错，则老师纠正内容则更加强度了主题。(这里，往往是考题)。如果，学生提出问题，老师解答部分也同样重要。 其次，在conversation中，将包含以下四项内容: 1、寒暄。对话的一开始都是两个人热情洋溢的打招呼。 2、陈述出自己的问题所在。托福听力部分的对话几乎都是有一个学生在生活，学习中碰到了问题，需要得到帮助。所以，打完程序式的招呼之后，学生就开始陈述问题了。 3、建议。对话的精髓部分，就是对于问题的分析。很多对话的细节题都是在这里出题。当学生说出自己的问题之后，热心的老师或者学生就会提出对于问题的解决意见或者对于问题的分析。 4、最后，解决。 在听的过程中，大家必须要明确三点: 1、确定主题。 2、主题被什么结构展开。 3、用什么例子支持主题。 另外，在听力专项中，我们所听到的听力文章会和口语和写作部分的听力文章不同，其最大的区别在于:它拥有刻意的停顿，断句，插入口语，重复等等各种转移大家注意力的设计。 包含四个部分: 1、What? 2、Why? 3、Reasons + examples:??? 4、Conclusion: easy to manage. Windows that open sheds sheds are week window, using artificial light, mechanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and -end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ilding type of the construction of closedoop buse of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transformation, eacken cthe city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1. chidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated areas of ry epidownwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the poultsources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm is located in the field is production areas and water -production areas and non-production and nonpollution: the introduction of fresh al airer supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible residentint of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cooling, watironmeg is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the best envused outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artificial lightin27 主旨题: 如何找到主旨和目的: 在lecture中，文章开头都有一个topic的引出;在conversation中，开头都会引出问题。 在lecture 中开头会有这样的短语: “Okay, today I want to talk about„„” “What we’ve going to talk about today is„„” “Today, I want to look at„„” 在这些短语之后，都会引出全文topic，在主旨之后，要准备好听到，接着下来的目的，解释，和更多具体信息。 在conversation 中，开头会有寒暄部分，在这些寒暄之后，说话人就会说出目的，基本上后面就会跟着各种各样的帮助。 细节必考题: 1、优缺点必考 此类题目一般集中于典型的高科技、生物化学类听力当中。所以，对于此类文章，一定要明白其相关的结构，这样才可以在考试中游刃有余。 2、原因、结果类必考 任何类型的lecture 题目当中都有可能会考到此类问题，一般来讲，表示原因的听力内容特别值得我们关注， 但是由于我们日常接触的原因类的词汇只有一个，所以会误以为只有because 是必考的，但是事实上，表示原因的还有since， as， for， the reason is that 等表达方式等。 3、专业名词必考 在托福听力中，我们经常会听到类似的说法如―this is what we call + oolingt environment of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cghting is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the besal lisheds are used outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artifici chanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and easy to manage. Windows that open shedsweek window, using artificial light, me-end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ken coop building type of the construction of closedn, ease of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicrmatio. chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transfos of the city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1d areapoultry epidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated is downwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the is located in the fielproduction areas and water sources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm -production areas and non-production and nondential air pollution: the introduction of fresh, water supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible resi28 专有名词‖，或者―this is +现象‖。 一般来讲，此类专有名词是我们所不熟悉的，但是会用一种比较简单的方式表达出来，或者更难的考法是用另一个专有名词来解释一个专有名词，那么考点非常明显了，就是考察what is the definition for+ 专业名词。不管#考试题#目如何千变万化，考试的要点是不变的。 4、小于五的数字列举必考 此类题目一般会出现我们所谓的多选题，一般会考到具体的作用、表现形式、逻辑关系等，具体的题目在托福中多为常见，比如考到具体的绘画的三种作用，四种排水系统等，或者是修正主义对于早期农业的消极影响的三个方面表达等。 5、例子必考 此类听力题目中经常会使用具体的简单的例子来解释某一专业说法，所以，当听力中出现for example， for instance， such as，let’s say， let’s put it this way， just like， just as， as we all know 等说法时，我们一定要保持足够的警觉。 主旨题解题技巧: 首先要听准开头;特别是开头句型，之后找出对话目的;如果开头没有把握准，那么要注意全文重复词汇;最后要听准关键词并对实义词(名词、动词、形容词)足够敏感。那么，如何听准开头呢?在conversation和lecture的开头中，有的文章会出现寒暄部分。 比如，在conversation中两个说话者的在开头部分都会出现互相问好的寒暄语: e.g.1 A : Hey, how is everything going? al airer supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible residentint of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cooling, watironmeg is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the best envused outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artificial lightineasy to manage. Windows that open sheds sheds are week window, using artificial light, mechanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and -end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ilding type of the construction of closedoop buse of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transformation, eacken cthe city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1. chidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated areas of ry epidownwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the poultsources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm is located in the field is production areas and water -production areas and non-production and nonpollution: the introduction of fresh 29 B: Well, everything is going fine。 在这些寒暄之后才是文章的真正内容，也就是文章的主旨! 在lecture中，有时教授上来不会直接切入正题，而是有个引入。 例: In the last class, we discussed the Jazz music history. But today, I am going to talk about the development of the jazz music. 那么很显然，In the last class, we discussed the Jazz music history。这是上节课讲的内容。在强转折but之后，老师紧接着说I am going to talk about the development of the jazz music. 那么，文章的主旨也就很明确了。 在了解了如何在文章的开头抓主旨以后，我们再来看一下引导文章主旨的信号标志词，以便我们更好地定位选项。 主旨题的信号标志词 Lecture引导主旨题信号标志词总结 today we will talk about. ? today we will discuss.。. today we will look at.。. today we will tell.。. today we will spend several minutes in.。. today we will focus on.。. today we will concentrate on.。. 动词时态 ? 've, -ed ? will, be going to 4) 介词 :about al lisheds are used outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artifici chanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and easy to manage. Windows that open shedsweek window, using artificial light, me-end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ken coop building type of the construction of closedn, ease of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicrmatio. chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transfos of the city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1d areapoultry epidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated is downwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the is located in the fielproduction areas and water sources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm -production areas and non-production and nondential air pollution: the introduction of fresh, water supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible resioolingt environment of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cghting is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the bes30 注意:动词过去式和过去分词后面引导的都是上节课涉及到的内容，所以即使大家听到了discuss这个词也可以放弃这部分内容。而只要听好并把握准today后面要讲的内容即可，也就是be going to/will 后面引导的内容!那么，about就是一个经常引导主要内容的一个介词。这个词很关键，要求听准其后面的宾语是什么!因为这个宾语就是解题的关键。 Conversation 引导主旨题信号标志词总结 1. wonder (e.g. I was wondering,…) 2. think (e.g. I am thinking, I was thinking,…。) 3. hope (I was hoping,…) 4. need (Do you need, I need…。) 5. figure out, work out, sort out, conversation的主要内容，一般情况下都是以上的这些词引导的。 主旨题的选项特征 在选择选项的时候，一定要避免选择如下选项: 1) 范围小-细节进入主旨题(最常见); 2) 范围大-没锁定主旨; 3) 无中生有(即文章中根本没有涉及到的内容) 正确选项特征如下:( 以下是比较典型的主旨题的选项特征 ) 1). 长的名词结构:(技巧:先定位比较of和that前面的词，在原文中找同意替换。之后确定of和that 后 面的宾语是否符合原文) al airer supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible residentint of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cooling, watironmeg is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the best envused outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artificial lightineasy to manage. Windows that open sheds sheds are week window, using artificial light, mechanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and -end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ilding type of the construction of closedoop buse of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transformation, eacken cthe city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1. chidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated areas of ry epidownwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the poultsources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm is located in the field is production areas and water -production areas and non-production and nonpollution: the introduction of fresh 31 a) „of„。 b) „that„ e.g. Script So, I wanted to discuss a few other terms here„actually, some, uh some ideas about how we manage our resources. Let’s talk about what that„what that means. If we take a resource like water„well, Q: What is the talk mainly about? A. A common method of managing water supply。 B. The formation of underground water systems。 C. Natural processes that renew water supplies。 D. Maintaining the purity of underground water system。 文章中的这句话 ―I wanted to discuss a few other terms here…some ideas about‖很明确的点出了文章的内容主旨。根据上面的讲解，我们很容易 把握discuss和about这两个词!所以，about后面的―how we manage our resources‖就是文章的主旨了!所以根据同义替换，我们可以将―how‖这个词替 换为A选项的method而且of 后面的宾语(managing water supply)也同原 文内容(how we manage our resources)一致!正确答案为A.。 2). 以how, what, why开头 e.g. Script …so the Earth’s surface is made up of these huge segments, these tectonic plates. And these plates move, right? But how can, uh, motion of plates, do you think, influence climate on the Earth? Again, dential air pollution: the introduction of fresh, water supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible resioolingt environment of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cghting is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the besal lisheds are used outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artifici chanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and easy to manage. Windows that open shedsweek window, using artificial light, me-end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ken coop building type of the construction of closedn, ease of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicrmatio. chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transfos of the city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1d areapoultry epidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated is downwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the is located in the fielproduction areas and water sources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm -production areas and non-production and non32 all of you probably read this section in the book, I hope, but, uh, uh, how— how can just motion of the plates impact the climate? Q: What is the main topic of the talk? A. The differences in climate that occur in different countries。 B. How movement of the Earth’s plates can affect climate。 C. Why the ocean has less effect on climate than previously thought。 D. The history of the climate of the region where the college is located 这道题可以明显根据部分文章重复找出答案!重复句式为―But how can, uh, motion of plates, do you think, influence climate on the Earth?‖去掉其中的插入语，我们可以提炼出―how can motion of plates influence climate on the Earth‖。与这句话一致的是B选项!其中，可以找到原文与选 项的同义替换是motion=movement、effect= impact/ influence。从这道 题目可以看出:特殊疑问词也是主旨题正确 选项的一大特征! 3) To do e.g. Script (lecture) Ok. Another ancient Greek philosopher we need to discuss is Aristotle– Aristotle’s ethical theory. What Aristotle’s theory is all about is this: he is trying to show you how to be happy—what true happiness is。 Q: What is the main purpose of the lecture? A. To illustrate the importance of extrinsic values easy to manage. Windows that open sheds sheds are week window, using artificial light, mechanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and -end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ilding type of the construction of closedoop buse of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transformation, eacken cthe city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1. chidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated areas of ry epidownwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the poultsources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm is located in the field is production areas and water -production areas and non-production and nonpollution: the introduction of fresh al airer supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible residentint of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cooling, watironmeg is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the best envused outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artificial lightin33 B. To explain Aristotle’s views about the importance of teaching C. To explain why people change what they value D. To discuss Aristotle’s views about human happiness ―To do‖结构在主旨题中出镜率很高，目的主旨的选项大部分以to do结构 开头。那么，解题的宗旨就是比较动词do的形式和用词!如果原文中用到的动 词与选项一致，同学可以首先定位此选项，再比较后面的宾语即可。 ―Ok. Another ancient Greek philosopher we need to discuss is Aristotle– Aristotle’s ethical theory。‖从原文中可以看到discuss这个词，那么这个词 正好与D选项中的discuss相吻合，而其后的宾语―human happiness‖也一 致!所以答案无可厚非为D。若选项中 ―do‖的形式与原文不一致，那么我们需 要做的就是同义替换。请看下面的例子: e.g. Script (conversation) ? S: I was hoping you could look over my note cards for my presentation…just to see what you think of it。 ? P: Okay, so refresh my memory: what’s your presentation about? Q: Why does the student visit the professor? A. To get some note cards for his presentation B. To show her some examples of common errors in research C. To review the notes for his presentation with her D. To ask for help in finding a topic for his presentation。 在这篇文章中，引导conversation主旨题 的标志词是I was hoping， 在 其之后出现的动词关键词是look over。名词关键词为:note cards for my ghting is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the besal lisheds are used outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artifici chanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and easy to manage. Windows that open shedsweek window, using artificial light, me-end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ken coop building type of the construction of closedn, ease of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicrmatio. chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transfos of the city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1d areapoultry epidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated is downwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the is located in the fielproduction areas and water sources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm -production areas and non-production and nondential air pollution: the introduction of fresh, water supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible resioolingt environment of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, c34 presentation。所以，与原文一致的选项应该找look over的同义替换，即 review!所以应该选择C选项。 -end, closed henhouse four-end and open-ilding type of the construction of closedoop buse of reproduction. Construction, and energy savings funds (3) meet GA requirements in chicken farm 2, chicken coop chicken coop construction General requirements (1) to meet the needs of the broiler (2) left room for technological transformation, eacken cthe city, take appropriate environmental measures to minimize pollution to the environment, building the second design 1. chidemic situation on the ground, trying to avoid the endemic or outbreaks have occurred in area 7. Avoid contaminated areas of ry epidownwind, brood care and adult care homes apart, brood care in chicken farms of the upper hand to the 6. Understand the poultsources are on a chicken farm in the wind, net road and dirt road separating uncrossed, dung farm is located in the field is production areas and water -production areas and non-production and nonpollution: the introduction of fresh al airer supply and drainage, lighting and other factors. 3, ventilation air is designed to exclude as much as possible residentint of rational index and building cost index based on both, mainly related to the hen house ventilation, warmth, cooling, watironmeg is used. Disadvantages are subject to external influence. Design of building structure is built on chicken the best envused outside of natural resource and energy saving the hen house. General no power ventilation, sufficient artificial lightineasy to manage. Windows that open sheds sheds are week window, using artificial light, mechanical ventilation for energy Coop, microclimate environment is easy to control and 35