陆克文演讲：中美两国是否注定冲突英文演讲稿

Goodday,mynameisKevin.IamfromAustralia.I’mheretohelp.Tonight,Iwanttotalkaboutataleoftwocities.OneofthosecitiesiscalledWashington,andtheotheriscalledBeijing.Becausehowthesetwocapitalsshapetheirfuture,andthefutureoftheUnitedStatesandthefutureofChinadoesn’tjustaffectthosetwocountries,itaffectsallofus.Inways,perhaps,we’veneverthoughtof.Theairwebreathe,thewaterwedrink,thefishweeat,thequalityofouroceans,thelanguageswespeakinthefuture,thejobswehave,thepoliticalsystemswechoose,and,ofcourse,thegreatquestionsofwarandpeace.Youseethatbloke?He’sFrench.HisnameisNapoleon.Acoupleofhundredyearsago,hemadehisextraordinaryprojection:“Chinaisasleepinglion,andwhenshewakes,theworldwillshake.”Napoleongotafewthingswrong,hegotthisoneabsolutelyright.BecauseChinaistodaynotjustwokenup,ChinahasstoopupandChinaisonthemarch,andthequestionforusalliswherewillChinago,andhowdoweengagethisgiantofthe21stcentury?Youstartlookingatthenumbers,theystarttoconfrontyouinbigway.ItisprojectedthatChinawillbecomebywhichevermeasure,PPP,marketexchangerates,thelargesteconomyintheworldoverthecourseofthedecadeahead.They’realreadythelargesttradingnation,alreadythelargestexportingnation,alreadythelargestmanufacturingnation,andthey’realsothebiggestemittersofcarbonintheworld.Americacomessecond.SoifChinadoesbecometheworld’slargesteconomy,thinkaboutthis:it’llbethefirsttime,sincethisguywasonthethroneofEngland,GeorgeIII,notagoodfriendofNapoleon’s,thatintheworldwewillhaveasthelargesteconomy,anon-Englishspeakingcountry,anon-westerncountry,anon-liberaldemocraticcountry.Andifyoudon’tthinkthat’sgoingtoaffectthewayinwhichtheworldhappensinthefuture,thenpersonally,Ithinkyou’vebeensmokingsomething,anditdoesn’tmeanyou’refromColorado.Soinshort,thequestionwehavetonightis,howdoweunderstandthismegachange,whichIbelievetobethebiggestchangeforthefirsthalfofthe21stcentury?It’llaffectsomanythings.Itwillgototheabsolutecore.It’shappeningquietly.It’shappeningpersistently.It’shappeninginsomesensesundertheradar,asweareallpreoccupiedwithwhat’sgoinginUkraine,what’sgoingonintheMiddleEast,what’sgoingonwithISIS,what’sgoingonwithISIL,what’shappeningwiththefutureofoureconomies.Thisisaslowandquietrevolution.Andwithamegachangecomesalsoamegachallenge,andthemegachallengeisthis:Canthesetwogreatcountries,ChinaandtheUnitedStates.China,themiddlekingdom.AndtheUnitedStates,美国.WhichinChinese,bytheway,means“thebeautifulcountry”.Thinkaboutthat-----that’sthenamethatChinahasgiventhiscountryformorethanahundredyears.Whetherthesetwogreatcivilizations,thesetwogreatcountries,caninfactcarveoutacommonfutureforthemselvesandfortheworld?Inshort,canwecarveoutafuturewhichispeacefulandmutuallyprosperous,orarewelookingatagreatchallengeofwarorpeace?AndIhave15minutestoworkthroughwarorpeace,whichisalittlelesstimethantheygavethisguytowriteabookcalled“WarAndPeace”.Peopleaskme,whyisitthatakidgrowingupinruralAustraliagotinterestinginlearningChinese?Well,therearetworeasonsforthat.Hereisthefirstofthem.ThatisBetsy,thecow.Now,BetsythecowwasoneofaherdofdairycattlethatIgrewupwithonafarminruralAustralia.Seethosehandsthere?Therearenotbuiltforfarming.Soveryearlyon,Idiscoveredthatinfact,workinginafarmwasnotdesignedforme,andChinawasaverysaferemovefromanycareerinAustralianfarmlife.Here’sthesecondreason.That’smymom.Anyonehereeverlistentowhattheirmomtoldthemtodo?Everyoneeverdowhattheirmomtoldthemtodo?Irarelydid,butwhatmymomsaidtomewas,oneday,shehandedmeanewspaper,aheadlinewhichsaid,herewehaveahugechange.AndthatchangeisChinaenteringtheUnitedNations.1971,Ihadjustturned14yearsofage,andshehandedmethisheadline.Andshesaid,“Understandthis,learnthis,becauseitisgoingtoaffectyourfuture”.Sobeingaverygoodstudentofhistory,Idecidedthatthebestthingformetodowas,infact,togooffandlearnChinese.ThegreatthingaboutlearningChineseisthatyourChineseteachergivesyouanewname.Andsotheygavemethisname:克，whichmeanstoovercomeortoconquer,and文，antthat’sthecharacterforliteratureorthearts.克文，conqueroroftheclassics.AnyofyouguyscalledKevin?It’samajorliftfrombeingcalledKevintobecalledConqueroroftheClassics.I’vebeencalledKevinallmylife.WouldyouprefertobecalledConqueroroftheClassics?AndsoIwentforafterthatandjoinedtheAustralianForeignService,buthereiswherepridebeforepride,therealwayscomesafall.SothereIamintheembassyinBeijing,offtotheGreatHallofthePeoplewithourambassador,whohadaskedmetointerpretforhisfirstmeetingintheGreatHallofthePeople.AndsotherewasI,ifyou’vebeentoaChinesemeeting,it’sagianthorseshoe.Attheheadofthehorseshoearethereallyseriouspooh-bahs,anddowntheendofthehorseshoearethenotsoseriouspooh-bahs,thejuniorwoodchuckslikeme.Andsotheambassadorbeganwiththisinelegantphrase.Hesaid,“ChinaandAustraliaarecurrentlyenjoyingarelationshipofunprecedentedcloseness.”AndIthoughttomyself,unilaterallyseetochangetherulesoftheglobalorder.Soapartfromallofthat,it’sjustfineanddandy,theU.S.,Chinarelationship.Norealproblemsthere.Thechallenge,though,isgiventhosedeep-rootedfeelings,thosedeep-rootedemotionsandthoughtpatterns,whattheChinesecall思维，waysofthinking,howcanwecraftabasisforacommonfuturebetweenthesetwo?Iarguesimplythis:Wecandoitonthebasisonaframeworkofconstructiverealismforacommonpurpose.WhatdoImeanbythat?Berealisticaboutthethingsthatwedisagreeon,andamanagementapproachthatdoesn’tenableanyoneofthosedifferencestobreakintowarorconflictuntilwe’veacquiredthediplomaticskillstosolvethem.Beconstructiveinareasofthebilateral,regionalandglobalengagementbetweenthetwo,whichwillmakeadifferenceforallofhumankind.BuildaregionalinstitutioncapableofcooperationinAsia,anAsia-Pacificcommunity.Andworldwide,actfurther,likeyou’vebeguntodoattheendoflastyear,bystrikingoutagainstclimatechange,withhandsjoinedtogetherratherthanfistsapart.Ofcourse,allthathappensifyou’vegotacommonmechanismandpoliticalwilltoachievetheabove.Thesethingsaredeliverable.Butthequestionis,aretheydeliverablealone?Thisiswhatourheadtellsusweneedtodo,butwhataboutourheart?Ihavealittleexperienceinthequestionbackhomeofhowyoutrytobringtogethertwopeopleswhofrankly,haven’thadawholelotincommoninthepast.Andthat’swhenIapologizedtoAustralia’sindigenouspeoples.ThiswasadayofreckoningintheAustraliangovernment,after200yearsofunbridledtowardsthefirstAustralians,itwashightimethatwewhitefolkssaidweweresorry.TheimportantthingthatIrememberisstartinginthefacesofallthosefromAboriginalAustraliaastheycametolistentothisapology.Itwasextraordinarytosee,forexample,oldwomentellingmethestoriesofwhentheywerefiveyearsoldandliterallyrippedawayfromtheirparents,likethisladyhere.Itwasextraordinaryformetothenbeabletoembraceandtokissaboriginaleldersastheycameintotheparliamentbuilding,andonewomansaidtome,it’sthefirsttimeawhitefellahadeverkissedherinherlifeandshewasover70.Thatisaterriblestory.AndthenIrememberthisfamilysayingtome,“Youknow,wedroveallthewayfromthefarNorthdowntoCanberratocometothisthing,droveourwaythroughredneckcountry.Onthewayback,stoppedatacafeaftertheapologyforamilkshake.Andtheywalkedintothiscafequietly,tentatively,gingerly,alittleanxious.IthinkyouknowwhatIamtalkingabout.Butthedayaftertheapology,whathappened?Everyoneinthatcafe,everyoneofthewhitefolks,stoopupandapplauded.SomethinghadhappenedintheheartsofthesepeopleinAustralia.Thewhitefolks,ouraboriginalbrothersandsisters,andwehaven’tsolvedalltheseproblemstogether,butletmetellyou,therewasanewbeginning,becausewehadgonenotjusttothehead,we’dgonealsototheheart.Sowheredoesthatconcludeintermsofthegreatquestionthatwe’vebeenaskedtoaddressthisevening,whichisthefutureofU.S.,Chinarelations?Theheadsaysthere’sawayforward.Theheadsaysthereisapolicyframework,there’sacommonnarrative,thereisamechanismthroughregularsummitrytodothesethingsandtomakethembetter.Buttheheartmustalsofindawaytore-imaginethepossibilitiesoftheAmerica,Chinarelationship,andthepossibilitiesofChina’sfutureengagementintheworld.Sometimes,folks,wejustneedtotakealeapoffaith,notquiteknowingwherewemightland.InChina,theynowtalkabouttheChineseDream.InAmerica,we’reallfamiliarwiththeterm“TheAmericanDream”.Ithink,itistime,acrosstheworld,thatwe’reabletothinkalsoofsomethingwemightalsoalladreamforallhumankind.Becauseifwedothat,wemightjustchangethewaythatwethinkabouteachother.人类梦。That’smychallengetoAmerica.That’smychallengetoChina.That’smychallengetoallofus,butIthinkwherethere’sawillandwherethereisimagination.Wecanturnthisintoafuturedrivenbypeaceandprosperity.Andnotonceagainrepeat,thetragediesofwar.Ithankyou.