北京市高考压轴卷英语试题（含解析）

www.ks5u.com模拟试题（北京卷）英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：It’ssonicetohearfromheragain._____,welastmetmorethanthirtyyearsago.A.What’smoreB.That’stosayC.InotherwordsD.Believeitornot答案是D1．TheresearchesofthiskindinboththeU.K.andthecontinentalEuropewellbeforetheFirstWorldWar.A．haveconductedB．havebeenconductedC．hadconductedD．hadbeenconducted2．thefamousactressofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness.A．WhichB．WhatC．ThatD．Whom[]3．Trumpinthelibraryeverynightoverthelastthreemonths.A．worksB．workedC．havebeenworkingD．hadbeenworking4．—Idon’treallylikeTom.Whydidyouinvitehim?—Don’tworry.Hecome.Hesaidhewasn’tcertainwhathisplanswere.A．mustnotB．neednotC．wouldnotD．mightnot5．It’simportantforthefiguresregularly.A．tobeupdatedB．tohavebeenupdatedC．toupdateD．tohaveupdated6.Theoldbank,_____appearanceisnotaprettysight,isextremelymagnificentinside.A.whoseB.whereC.whenD.why7.Thefamousathletetriedagainandagainaftereachfailure.That’s_______hesucceededintheend.A.whatB.whenC.whetherD.why8.UsuallyBeijingRoastDuck________togetherwithspecialpancakes,greenonionsandsweetsauce.A.wasservedB.willserveC.isservedD.serve9.______gaspriceisgoingup,peoplearelookingforlessexpensivewaystogetaround.A.NowthatB.EvenifC.AlthoughD.Unless10.Passengers________talktothedriverwhilethebusismoving,becauseitwilltakehisfocusofftheroad.A.wouldnotB.mustnotC.maynotD.neednot11.Whenwesawtheroadwithsnow,wedecidedtospendtheholidayathome.A.blockB.toblockC.blockingD.blocked12.Itookmydrivinglicensewithmeonholiday,______Iwantedtohireacar.A.incaseB.evenifC.eversinceD.ifonly13.---Sowhatistheprocedure?---Alltheapplicantsbeforeafinaldecisionismadebytheauthority.A.interviewB.areinterviewingC.areinterviewedD.arebeinginterviewed14.Expertsbelievepeoplecanwastelessfoodbyshoppingonlywhenitisnecessary.A.whyB.whereC.thatD.what15.Ifweatableearlier,wecouldn’tbestandinghereinaqueue.A.havebookedB.bookedC.bookD.hadbooked第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。TheBraveAction13-year-oldMadisonwasstudyingathomewhenhermotherburstin．Shesaidaboyhadfallenintoaseptictank(化粪池)andmadeanurgent16forMadison’shelp．Theyrantoaneighbor’syard，wherethe17adultssurroundedtheseptictankopening18widerthanabasketball．Theboy，agedonly2，hadslippedinandwas19．Madisonquickly20thesituation．Shewastheonlyonewhocould21throughthesmallopening．Without22，shegotclosetotheopeningandsaid，“23mein．”Somepeopleheldherwaistand24．Shewiggled(扭动)armsandshouldersuntilshe25theopening．Inside，thetankwasdarkandtheairsmelly．Whenshestuckherarmsintothedirtywater，shejammedherleftwristagainstahiddenstick，26itseverely．27tendtoherinjury，Madisonscannedthesurfaceofthedirtywater，hopingto28theunderwaterboy．Suddenlyshesawhislittletoesstickout．Whenspottingthevague29ofhisfootagain，Madisonshotouther30hand，graspedthefoottightlyandshouted，“Pullmeup!”Astheynearlyreachedthesurface，theboy’sotherfootgotstuck．Shewiggledhisfootuntilitwas31．Eventuallytheywereliftedout．32，thekidwasn’toutoftrouble．Havingsufferedfromlackof33thatlong，hewasn’tbreathing．Hewasthengivenhardhitsonthebackuntilhecoughedupwater．Atthesightofthis，Madisonsighedwith34．Madisonreceivedmonthsoftreatmentforherwrist，whichmadeher35actionsmoreimpressive．16．A．appointmentB．attemptC．choiceD．request17．A．anxiousB．curiousC．annoyedD．merciful18．A．partlyB．previouslyC．slightlyD．dramatically19．A．floatingB．weepingC．tremblingD．drowning20．A．controlledB．examinedC．tookpartinD．gaveup21．A．lookB．jumpC．fillD．fit22．A．timeB．permissionC．hesitationD．judgment23．A．ThrowB．LowerC．ForceD．Push24．A．legsB．armsC．headD．hands25．A．adjustedtoB．gotthroughC．toredownD．heldonto26．A．touchingB．trappingC．injuringD．striking27．A．InanefforttoB．RatherthanC．LikelytoD．Readyto28．A．feelB．smellC．followD．attract29．A．skinB．gestureC．pictureD．outline30．A．leftB．singleC．goodD．clumsy31．A．frozenB．freeC．flexibleD．bare32．A．HoweverB．InsteadC．ThereforeD．Personally33．A．protectionB．oxygenC．gravityD．energy34．A．flightB．coldC．reliefD．respect35．A．unselfishB．thoughtlessC．unconsciousD．random第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ARecentlythesewerline(污水管道)underourhousedidn’twork．Myfirstresponsewastocallarepairman．Imadethecall，expectingthemanattheotherendofthelinetocomplainaboutsuchanawfuljob．Instead，hesimplyasked，“Theaddress?”AnhourlaterStevearrivedinhistruck．HelookedexactlyasIhadimaginedhemight：broadandbearlike，inwellwornclothing．“Canyoufixit?”Iaskedwithamixtureofdoubtandhope．Stevelookedatmeasifrespondingtomylackoffaith．Withacheerfulshrugthatsuggestedmycrisiswasallinaday’sworkforhim，hesaid，“Sure．”Afterashortwhile，Stevetoldmethathehadtogetatoolandtearupthestreettothemainsewerline．Hewouldfirsthavetogetpermissionfromthetown.Iregisteredappropriatepanic．“Howlongwillallthistake?”Again，ashrug.“Ishouldhaveitdonebyevening．”Ididnotwanttowatchthediggingofmypropertyunfoldandwentintotowntovisitsomefriends．Ifeltsomewhatguiltyupondrivingoffinmycleanvehicle，leavingStevetosuchadisagreeabletask．Finally，whenIwenthome，asweetersightIneversaw：aperiodofnewlypavedstreetandallwastidyandrelativelydry．Ineedtosay，inmyowndefense，thatIamnotaweakfatheroftwochildren.I’vetraveledallovertheworld，servedintheUnitedStatesNavyandearnedaPhD．Butthebrokensewerlinewasmylimit．ThenIthoughtaboutSteve.Big，rough，andhowpeoplemightjudgehim，ifnotforhisappearancethenforhiswork．AndIwastakenbytheveryideathat，nomatterwhatcrisisoccurs，thereissomebodysomewhere，whohastheappropriatetoolsandsettlesit．36．WhatdoweknowaboutSteve?A．Hewearsneatandnewclothes．B．Heisquiteconfidentofhisskills．C．Healwayscomplainsabouthisjob．D．Hehesitatestoaccepttherepairwork．37．WhatdidStevethinkoftheauthor’scrisis?A．It’sagreatchallenge．B．It’sbeyondhisability．C．It’sapartofhisroutine．D．It’snoneofhisbusiness．38．Whydidtheauthorleavehomeduringtherepairs?A．Helikedtotakehistimeridingoutside．B．Hedrovetoturntohisfriendsforhelp．C．Hewasafraidofbeinglookeddownupon．D．Hewasunwillingtofacetheembarrassingsituation．39．Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．Actionspeakslouderthanwords．B．Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves．C．Everyprofessionproducesitstopexperts．D．Hopeforthebest，butpreparefortheworst．B[]Foryearsgoinghomefortheholidayshasbeenbittersweet.Iappreciatetheopportunitytospendqualitytimewithmymombutitispainfulformetoseeherhouselitteredwithstuff(物品)．Clothesboughtbutneverworn，andnewitemsintheiroriginalpackagingcarelesslypurchasedandneverused．It'sevidentthatseeingthestuffonadailybasisremindsmymomofatimewhenshoppingwasherwayofspendingmoney．Ididn’tfullyunderstandtheextenttowhichmymomwassufferinguntilthisweek，whenIsawpilesofclothesonherbed．“Howdoyoumanagetosleepeverynightwithallthatstuff，Mom?”Iasked．Tomyhorror，shereplied“IdoitbecauseIknowIhavetogetridofallthisstuffeventually；IampunishingmyselfbysleepingwiththemuntilIdo—that．”Shockedandupset，Igentlyexplainedtoherthatpunishingherselfwasonlytomakethingsworse，andthateverybodydeservesaplacetosleepinpeace，nomatterwhatmistakesthey’vemade．Isuggestedshemoveallthestuffupstairs，leavingherroomcomfortabletosleepin．Withpatienceandherslowbutsteadyguidance，Ihelpedhergothroughsomeofthepilesandmovethemupstairs．FortherestoftheweekIstayedthere，shewasinabettermoodandwasexcitedaboutgoingthroughtherestofthehousetofinallygetridofherstuff—pastmistakesandpainfultimes．Theitemsbroughtbackpainfulmemoriesasweinspectedandmovedthem，butIkeptremindingherthatremovingthemwouldallowhertomoveonandheal．Wefinallysoldsomanythingsandtookbagafterbagtocharity．Thestuffisjustasignofthedestructivepatternsofself-hatredonpastmistakes．Onlythroughtheactofself-forgivenesscanwebringaboutachainreactionofreorganizing—bothofthehouseandheart．40．Whatmadetheauthorfeelbitter?A．Shecouldn’tunderstandhermom’ssorrows．B．Hermomwasstuckinthepainfulmemories．C．Hermomwasalwaysleftaloneathome．D．Hermomwastedmoneyonuselessthings．41．Theunderlinedword“that”inthesecondparagraphrefersto_______．A．gettingridofthestuffB．buyingthestuffC．openingthestuffD．movingthestuff42．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat______．A．theauthorneverboughthermomanythingB．theauthor’smomhasnomoneytopurchasenowC．theauthor’smomregretsbuyingsomanythingsD．theauthorknowshermom’ssufferingonlythisweek43．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Howtodoshoppingwisely?B．Theimportanceofself-forgivenessC．Keepaneyeontheelderly’sbehaviorD．ClearancehelpsremovesufferingCDogsandhumanshavebeenlivingside-by-sideforabout15，000years，buttherearetonsoffactsaboutdogsthatperhapswehaveneverheardof．NightvisionDogshavegoodnightvision．Theirlargepupilsletmorelightinandtherods(视杆细胞)workbetterinpoorlight．Butthebiggestfactoristhetapetum(反光组织)，whichreflectslightatthebackoftheeye．Besides，dogs’whiskers(胡须)alsohelpthem“see”inthedarkbecausetheypickuponverysmallchangesinair，providingdogswithinformationaboutthesize，shape，andspeedofthingsnearby．SecrettailcodeDogscanusetheirtailstocommunicate．Theywagtheirtailstotherightwhentheyarerelaxedorhappy，andtotheleftwhennervousorthreatened．Whenthey’reaggressive，thetailswillstickstraightupintheair．Abroadwagisfriendlywhileaslowwagisneutral，neitherexcitednoranxious．DreamsWeoftenseeadog’sbodymakingsuddenmovementsinitssleep．Dogshavethesamebrainwavepatternsashumans’whiletheyareasleep，sotheydreamjustlikewedo．SupernoseDogscanfindtheirwayhomedespitelongdistances．Theirnosesareavitalpartoftheirincrediblesenseofdirection．Thepartofadog’sbrainthatcontrolsmellis40timeslargerthanhumans’．They’reabletofollowsmellsformiles．Furthermore，dogshaveanamazingabilitytorecognizethesmellsgivenoffbytheabnormalcellsinhumanbodies，includingcancer．Thisissomethingscientistsareeagertoexplorefurther．Andinterestingly，adog’s“fingerprint”isonitsnose．Thepatternsondogs’nosesaresodistinctthattheycanactuallybeusedtoidentifytheanimals．AsixthsenseDogsactstrangelybeforesomethingbad，likeastormorearthquake，happens，fortheyaresensitivetolowfrequenciesthathumanscan’tsense．Sodon’tlettheirstrangebehaviorgounnoticednexttime．Itcouldsaveyourlife．44．Whichofthefollowingindirectlyhelpsdogsseewellinthedark?A．Theirrods．B．Theirtapetum．C．Theirwhiskers．D．Theirpupils．45．Ifadogholdsupthetail，itindicates________．A．happinessB．attackC．friendlinessD．relaxation46．Whathasn’tbeendiscoveredaboutadog?A．Whyitcansensenaturaldisasters．B．Whyithasanacutesenseofsmell．C．Whatemotionsitshowswithitstail．D．Howitcansmellhumans’illnesses．47．Inwhatwayaredogslikehumans?A．Theydreamwhentheysleep．B．Theyhavegoodnightvision．C．Theyhavedistinctnosepatterns．D．Theycanreacttolowfrequencies．DAJapanesecompanyisdevelopingapairofsmartglassesthatcanhelpthosewithvisualorcomprehensionproblemstoreadwrittentextmoreeasily．CalledtheOtonGlass，theglassesaremeanttotranslatetextintosoundusingtwocamerasandanearpiece，bothfittedtoitsframe．Halfofthelens(镜片)isamirrorthatreflectsthewearer’seyesbacktothefirstcamera，whichtrackseyemovement．Theothercameracapturesthetext．Wearersusetheglassesbystaringatthetexttheycan’treadandblinking(眨眼)totriggertheglasses．Thenthecapturedwordsaresenttoacloudsystem，whichprocessesthetextandturnsitintosoundplayedthroughtheearpiece．Ifthesystemisunabletoidentifythewords，theimagesaresenttoaremoteworkerwhocandealwiththem．[TheOtonGlassleaddesigner，KeisukeShimakage，startedworkingontheglassesin2012toaidhisfather，whohaddevelopeddyslexia，aconditionthatmakesitdifficultforsomeonetoreadandspell．Whilehisfathereventuallyrecovered，Shimakagecontinuedhisdevelopmentinordertohelpotherswiththedisorder．Currently，theOtonGlassisseekingfunding．Backerscangetapairoftheglassesfor5,000yen(roughly$47)．Smartglassesaren’tanewconcept，butit'sdifficulttopointtoanysinglepairofsmartglassesthatpeoplehavereviewedfavorably．Itcould，perhaps，bethatpreviousproductstriedtodotoomuch，orweretooexpensive．That’swhyIntel’sVauntsmartglassesstrippedoutsomefeatures，likeitscamera，LCDscreen，andspeakers．TheOtonGlassisforaveryspecificaudience，anditsrelativelylowpricecouldmakeitmoreappealingtothosewhowantanaffordablewaytounderstandthetextaroundthem．48．WhatistherightorderhowtheOtonGlassworks?a．Thecameracapturesthewords．b．Thewearerstaresatthetext．c．Thewearerhearsthesoundviatheearpiece．d．Thecloudsystemturnsthetextintosound．e．Thewearerblinkstogettheglassesworking．A．a，b，e，c，dB．e，b，c，d，aC．b，d，a，e，cD．b，e，a，d，c49．Theunderlinedpart“strippedout”inthelastparagraphcanbereplacedby_____．A．improvedB．removedC．increasedD．invented50．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．TheadvantagesoftheOtonGlass．B．Thecharacteristicsofsmartglasses．C．Consumers’evaluationoftheOtonGlass．D．Thetargetaudiencesofvarioussmartglasses．第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。PracticalWaystoShowRespectforaFriend●ShowrespectfortheirlifechoicesanddecisionsAcceptthatpeoplearen’talwaysgoingtobejustlikeyou．Theywillmakedifferentlifechoices，havedifferentviewsonpoliticsandreligion，andactdifferentlyinmanyways．Thisdoesn’tmeantheycan’tbeyourfriend．51●Givethemthebenefitofthedoubt52Ifyou’reindoubtaboutsomething，askyourfriend．Berespectfulandgivethemthebenefitofthedoubtwhenyoudon’tdo.Thisalonewillhelpyoustayintheirgoodgraces(好感)．●GivefriendsyourfullattentionOneofthebestwaystoshowrespectforsomeoneistolistentothemfully．Allowthemtopause，conveynonverbalcommunicationclues，collecttheirthoughts，andgetitallout．Toooftenfriendslistenwithhalfanearorjumpintheminutetheirfriendpauseswithanevenworsestory．53Whenyourfriendistalking，payattention．●54Treatyourfriendsrespectfullywhenyouarguewiththem．Makeyourfriendshipasafeplacebynotembarrassingyourfriendorexpressingyourprivatedisagreementsinfrontofotherpeople．Bepubliclysupportiveandkindtoyourfriendssotheyknowyouvalueyourfriendshipwiththem．●Showup，bethere，anddowhatyousayyou’regoingtodo55Sojustshowyourfriendthebestkindofrespectbybeingontime，keepingpromises，andbeingtheonefriendtheycanalwayscounton．That’sthewaytotrulyshowrespect．A．Assumptionscanbeadangerousthing．B．Consideryourfriendshipapreciousgift．C．Thistypeofbehaviorisverydisrespectful．D．Tellyourfriendswhatyouthinkaboutthemdirectly．E．Infact，youcanalmostdonothingbutacceptthedifferences．F．Itmeansthatyou’llneedtotakeastepback，reservejudgment，andshowrespect．G．Noonelikesanunreliablefriendwhosaysthey’llbethereandthendoesn’tshow．第三部分：书面达（共两节，35分）[Z|xx|k第一节（15分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你写信建议你的美国朋友George参加中国日报（ChinaDaily）专门为外国人举办的2018“最美中国”（AmazingChina）手机摄影大赛。信的内容包括：1.作品内容要求；2.提交时间和方式3.表示愿意提供帮助注意：1.词数不少于50；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。[]DearGeorge,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（20分）请根据下面提示，写一篇短文，词数不少于50.InyourspokenEnglishclass,yourteachershowsyouthefollowingpicture.Youareaskedtodescribethepictureandexplainhowyouunderstandit.（请务必将开放作文写在答题卡指定区域内）参考答案单项填空：1.D本题考查时态和语态，根据时间状语wellbeforetheFirstWorldWar提示，conduct动作是发生在过去的过去，所以应该用过去完成时，又research是被实施，因此需用被动语态。2.B本题考查主语从句，offer后缺宾语，因此选择what3.C本题考查时态，根据时间状语overthelastthreemonths来判断，因此需用现在完成进行时。4.D情态动词的考查，根据语义，他可能不来5.A考查非谓语动词figures（数据）是将要被更新6.A考查定语从句，它的外表，缺定语7.D考查表语从句，根据语义，这就是他为什么最终成功了。8.C考查时态和语态根据时间状语usually,用一般现在时，烤鸭与serve之间是被动关系9.A考查状语从句连词从语义上看，因为油价提高了，所以选择nowthat“既然，由于”10.B情态动词的考查从语义上判断，乘客一定不要跟司机交谈，表示强烈否定11.D考查基本结构，seesth.done看到路被雪封了12.A考查状语从句连接词，万一我需要租车，因此选incase“以防；万一”13.C对面试流程进行描述，所以用一般现在时，申请人是被面试14.C考查名词性从句，根据语义，不缺成分，因此选that引导从句即可15.D考查混合虚拟语气，“如果我们早一些订桌”，是对过去情况的虚拟，因此需要用haddone完形填空DACDBDCBABCBADCBABCA难点讲解：16.madeanurgentrequestfor紧急需要…18.比一个篮球稍微大一点19.从后文看，Madison是搜索之后发现了他，因此他是溺水的状态21.fitthrough适合挤过开口26.顺承结果状语，it指leftwrist，把左手腕伤的很重27.语义是：不是去照看自己的伤势，因此用ratherthan，而不是29.发现他的脚的轮廓30.左手已经受伤了，因此用那只没有受伤的手33.lackofoxygen因为缺氧34.看到小男孩脱险了，因此宽慰地舒了一口气。阅读理解：36-39BCDC36.从第二段Withacheerfulshrugthatsuggestedmycrisiswasallinaday’sworkforhim,hesaid,“Sure.”37.通过第二段，第三段阅读可以得出，作者的危机在他眼里，只是日常工作的一部分38.通过第四段，Ididnotwanttowatchthediggingofmypropertyunfold可以得出答案39.该选项可以翻译成：行行出状元。40-43BACD40.通过第二段，作者和母亲之间的对话，可以得出母亲活在痛苦的回忆中，不能自拔。42.通过第二段：IampunishingmyselfbysleepingwiththemuntilIdothat.得出作者母亲非常悔恨自己的行为。43.题目的意思清理这些买过的东西消除了母亲的痛苦。44-47CBDA44.本题注意审题，是间接帮助狗视力的原因45.从Secrettailcode可以轻松得出答案46.倒数第二段，Thisissomethingscientistsareeagertoexplorefurther.可以得出答案47.从Dream这个话题可以得出答案。48-50DBA48.通过第二段逐一阅读，可以得到：佩戴者首先看文本；然后眨眼睛使眼镜开始工作；相机捕捉单词；云系统把它转换成声音；佩戴者通过耳机听到自己看到的内容49.根据文本，这款新的眼镜价格便宜，成本降低，肯定是减掉了原来类似设备的一些特色七选五：51-55FACBG51.前文讲解的是要接受朋友不同的见解，因此F是对前文的一个总结。52.如果你有疑问一定要去问朋友，所以不要猜疑、假设，因此选A53.前文例举了一些行为，后文讲要专注的听朋友说话，所以前面这些行为是有失尊重的。54.本段就是讲解如何保护友谊，因此就可以得出答案。55.本段就是讲了说到做到，因此可以得出正确答案。作文一Onepossibleversion:DearGeorge,Howiseverythinggoing?Ihavesomeexcitingnewsforyou.ChinaDailywillholdamobilephonecontestnamed“AmazingChina”,onlyopentoforeigners.Iknowyoulovephotography,sowhynotgiveitatry.Thecontestwelcomessubmissionsaboutnaturalscenery,famousplacesorhistoricalsites,localcustomsofChinaandsoforth.Andeveryphotoshouldbeaccompaniedwithanexplanation:time,place,nameofthework,andstoriesbehind.Photoseditedwithphotoshoporanyothersoftwarewillnotbeaccepted.EachparticipantcanturninthreephotosatmosttoLiuyingchinadailyDeadlineforentriesis…Formoreinformation,youcanrefertoChinaDaily’sofficialwebsite.Yours,LiHua作文二Onepossibleversion:Inthepicture,therestandsatreefulloffruitononesideofthestream.Acrossthestream,amanistryingtoreachoutontheedgeofthebankforthefruitwithanetattachedtoapole.Notfarawaythereisbridgethatcanleadhimtothetreeformorefruit.Themessageconveyedinthepictureisclear.Inpursuingadream,wemightfocusononlyonewayofmakingitcometrue,forgettingthattheremaybealternatives.Asindicatedinthepicture,ifthemaniswillingtolookforotherpossibilities,hecanfindabetterandmorerewardingwaytoachievehisgoal.Allhehastodoistoturnaround,crossthebridgeandwalktothetree.