新标准大学英语book3-unit4教案

Unit4ChangingTimesActivereading(1)WorkinCorporateAmericaTeachingObjectivesStudentswillbeableto: Learninghowthetypesofworkpeopledohaschanged Readinghowpaperhastakenoverourworkinglives UnderstandinghowtouseironytocreateempathyTeachingallotment(1period=2hours)1stperiod:Pre-reading;While-reading(textstructure;culturalnotes;languagepoints)2ndperiod:While-reading(languagepoints;grammaticalstructures)3rdperiod:Checkonstudents’homereading(Passage6);BackgroundInformationThiswaswrittenin1972byRussellBaker(1925–),awell-knownAmericanjournalistandwriter.ItwascollectedbySandraFehlTroppandAnnPiersonD’AngelointheireditedbookEssaysinContext(2000),publishedbyOxfordUniversityPress.Theessayleadsreaderstothinkfromachild’sperspectiveandtoevaluatehowajobisseenandunderstoodincorporateAmerica.Itusessatireandhumourtoillustratethewriter’scriticalviewsoncorporateAmerica.CulturePointsBlue-collarworker:Ablue-collarworkerisamemberoftheworkingclasswhotypicallyperformsmanuallaborandearnsanhourlywage.Blue-collarworkersaredistinguishedfromthoseintheservicesectorandfromwhite-collarworkers,whosejobsarenotconsideredmanuallabor.Blue-collarworkmaybeskilledorunskilled,andmayinvolvemanufacturing,mining,buildingandconstructiontrades,mechanicalwork,maintenance,repairandoperationsmaintenanceortechnicalinstallations.Thewhite-collarworker,bycontrast,performsnon-manuallaborofteninanoffice;andtheserviceindustryworkerperformslaborinvolvingcustomerinteraction,entertainment,retailandoutsidesales,andthelike.MigrantworkerintheUS:AccordingtotheUnitedStatesPublicHealthService,thereareanestimated3.5millionmigrantandseasonalfarmworkersintheUnitedStates—men,women,andchildrenwhoworkinallfiftystatesduringpeakperiodsofagriculture.Amigrantfarmworkerisanindividualwhomovesfromapermanentplaceofresidenceinordertobeemployedinagriculturalwork.Seasonalfarmworkersperformsimilarworkbutdonotmovefromtheirprimaryresidenceforthepurposeofseekingfarmequipment.China,theworldlargestagriculturecountryintermsoffarmingpopulation,has225.42millionruralmigrantworkersasof2008,accordingtostatisticfromtheNationalStatisticsBureau(NBS).Migrantworkersaremainlyformpoor-incomefamiliesandwholeavethecountrysidetofindjobsincities.TheaverageincomeofChinesefarmersisaboutonefourththatoftheurbanresidentsearn.White-collarworker:white-collarworkerreferstoasalariedprofessionaloraneducatedworkerwhoperformssemi-professionaloffice,administrative,andsalescoordinationtasks,asopposedtoablue-collarworker,whosejobrequiresmanuallabor."White-collarwork"isaninformalterm,definedincontrastto"blue-collarwork".Homeoffice:Ahomeofficeisaspacewithinanindividual'spersonalresidencethatisusedforbusinesspurposes.Itmaybeacornerofasparebedroomequippedwithnothingmorethanadesk.Or,itcouldbeonewholefloorofahousefilledwiththelatestincomputerandcommunicationsdevices.Whateveritssizeandcomposition,however,thehomeofficeisincreasinglycommoninAmericanbusinesstoday.Amajorityoftheestimated40millionAmericanswhoworkfromtheirhomesareself-employedsmallbusinessowners.Inaddition,manyprofessionalsmaintaintwooffices,andagrowingnumberareequippingtheirhomecomputerswithmodemsthatallowthemaccesstotheirofficecomputerfiles.Manylargecorporationsarealsoexpandingexperimentsin"telecommuting,"whichenablesemployeestoworkfromhome,usingmodem-equippedcomputers,justastheywouldintheoffice.Warming-upQuestions1.Wherearethesepeople?Theyareinalargeoffice.2.Whatarethepeopledoing?Theyareworkingwiththeircomputers.3.WhydoesthemanstandingcompareAmericanswithJapanese?TheJapanesehavealwaysbeenconsideredthemostindustriousandtirelessintheworld.4.ArethosesittingthereexcitedaboutbeingNumberOne?Theydonotseemtobeveryexcited.5.Whatdoyouthinkthemansittingbackmean?Itseemsthatheisnotinagreementwiththemanstanding.Workinglongerdoesn’tnecessarilyleadtoagreatcountry.6.Doyouthinktheyaredoingsomethingreallynecessaryandimportant?Idon’tthinkso.TeachingfocusesIntoday’sAmericanjobsarenotwhattheyusedtobe.Notlongago,whenafatherwasaskedabouthisjobhecouldanswerintermsthatachildcouldcometogripswith.Nowadays,whentheparenttakehisoffspringtohisplaceofbusinessinglassbuildingsthatarereallyincomprehensivetochildren.What’smore,it’ssafebetthatevengrownmenhavetroublevisualizingwhatothermendoesintheirjobswithhisday.Therefore,it’snotdifficulttoimagineapoorchildmayanswer“mullingover”afteritbeat’sme.themysteriesofwork,whenhisfriendaskshimofhisfather’sjob.LanguagepointsPartA.Keywordsandexpressions:corporatea.relatingtolargecompanies,ortoaparticularlargecompany大公司的e.g.1.Theyaregoingtoreorganizethecorporatestructurenextyear.他们明年要改组公司。2.Somecompaniesareintroducingethicsintotheircorporatecultureinabigway.有些公司正在大刀阔斧地将道德规范引进到公司文化中。Wordfamily：corporationn.dispiriteda.someonewhoisdispiriteddoesnothavethehope,enthusiasm,orinterestthattheyhadearlier气馁的；垂头丧气的；心灰意懒的e.g.1.Sherefusedtobedispiritedbyherlongillness.她并未因长期患病而萎靡不振。2.Iwasfeelingprettydispirited,lackinginbothenthusiasmandenergy,andwasforcedtostopseveraltimesduringtheclimb.在爬山途中，我越来越气馁，没有了热情，也没有了精力，不得不歇了好几次。Antonym:spiritedsomedayad.(BrEoftensomeday)atsometimeinthefutureeventhoughyoudonotknowwhen来日；将来某一天；总有一天e.g.1.Stickwithitandsomedayyouwillbeagoodpianist.坚持不懈，终有一天你会成为一名优秀的钢琴家。2.Theuseofrobotswillsomedaytaketheplaceofmanuallabor.机器人的使用有一天会取代人力。visualizevt.formapictureofsomeoneorsomethinginyourmind使形象化；想象；设想e.g.1.Susanvisualizedherweddingdayandsawherselfwalkingdowntheaisleonherfather’sarm...苏珊想象着在她结婚那天，挽着父亲的手臂走在教堂过道上。2.Iamhavingproblemsvisualizingthebikeyouaretalkingabout.我想象不出你在谈论的自行车是个什么样子。Synonym:envisionoffspringn.[C](pl.offspring(s)someone’schildorchildren子女；子孙；后代e.g.1.Tom’ssistercameroundonSaturdaywithhernumerousoffspring.星期六汤姆的姐姐带着一大群孩子来到了这里。2.Offspringofmusicalparents,BarryGraywasborninLancashire,receivingasoundmusicaleducation.巴利·格雷出生于兰开夏，作为音乐家的后代，他接受了非常扎实的音乐教育。incomprehensiblea.im-possibletounderstand无法理解的；晦涩难懂的e.g.Themostincomprehensiblethingabouttheworldisthatitisatallcomprehensible.--AlbertEinstein这个世界最不可理解的就是它竟然是可以理解的。——阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦Antonym:comprehensibleWordfamily:comprehendvt.comprehensionn.mystifyinga.difficulttoexplainorunderstand让人无法理解的；使人困惑不解的e.g.Someofthetheoremswearebeginningtounderstand.Othersaremystifying.在这几条定理中，有的我们已渐渐理解，有的使人困惑不解。Wordfamily:mystifyvt.e.g.Thebanker’sdisappearancemystifiedthepolice.银行家的失踪使警方大惑不解。processorn.[C]1)someonewhosejobistodealwithparticulardocuments处理者e.g.1.Heisaloanprocessorinabank.他是一家银行的信贷员。2.Theyneedadataprocessor.Ithinkyoucangoandtry.他们需要一个数据处理员，我觉得你可以去试试。2)thepartofacomputerthatcontrolsandperformsallitsoperations计算机处理器analystn.[C]someonewhosejobistocarefullyexamineasituation,eventetc.inordertoprovideotherpeoplewithinformationaboutit分析员；分析师e.g.1.anintelligenceanalyst情报分析员2.Iencourageeverycreditanalysttotakethiscourse.我鼓励每一位信用分析师都通过这个认证。Wordfamily:analyzevt.analysisn.Seealso:systemsanalyst.envisionvt.picturesth.mentally;showavisualsceneinyourmind,toimaginesth.thatisoutsideyourexperience,whichhasnothappenedordoesnotexist展望；设想e.g.1.Let’senvisionaworldfullofpeaceandhappiness.让我们展望一个充满和平和幸福的世界。2.Insteadofconstantlyworryingandstressing,setasidetimeeachdaytoenvisionanewlife.不要不停地担心、为压力而焦虑，每天抽空来想象新的生活。Synonym:visualizebafflevt.ifaproblem,someone’sbehaviouretc.bafflesyou,youcannotunderstanditorsolveit（问题或行为等）使困惑，难倒e.g.1.ThequestionbaffledmecompletelyandIcouldn'tanswerit.这个问题把我彻底难倒了，我答不出来。2.Heglancedroundathisteammates,completelybaffled.他一脸困惑地环顾着自己的队友。prohibitivelyad.toaprohibitivedegree（费用或价格）高得令人望而却步地e.g.Givingeverypatientanannualanti-fluinjection　wouldbeprohibitivelyexpensive.每年给每个病人注射抗流感针剂的花费是无法承受的。Wordfamily:prohibitivea.aprohibitivecostorpricepreventspeoplefrombuyingsomethingbecauseitistooexpensive（费用或价格）高得令人望而却步的e.g.Theprojectwasabandonedbecauseofprohibitivecosts.这一工程因造价昂贵而被放弃。remotelyad.1)fromadistance远距离地e.g.Hardwareandsoftwareonintranetsmaybemanagedremotelyoveranetwork.内部网上的硬件与软件可以在网络上进行远程管理。Wordfamily:remotea.e.g.Thecarisfittedwitharemoteimmobiliser,andaradiosignalfromacontrolcentremilesawaywillensurethatoncethethiefswitchestheengineoff,hewillnotbeabletostartitagain.(CET4-2006-06)这辆车安装了远程锁止器，车主可以从几英里外的控制中心向车辆发送无线电信号，这样一旦小偷关闭引擎后就无法再次发动。2)[usuallyinnegatives]slightly,orinaverysmallway略微地；轻微地e.g.1.Ihaveneverseenanythingremotelyresemblingthe　horrorsofthatday.我从没见过一点儿类似于那天的恐怖景象。2.Hehadneverbeenremotelyjealous.他一丁点儿妒忌都从未有过。inquisitivea.askingalotofquestionsaboutthings,especiallythingsthatpeopledonotwanttotalkabout好奇的；好问的；爱钻研的e.g.1.Hesurveyedmewithaninquisitivelook.他以好奇的眼光仔细地打量我。2.Heisinquisitivetothepointofrudeness.他的好问已到无礼的程度。3.Apatanswerisnotgoingtosatisfyaninquisitiveaudience.敷衍了事的答复不会让追根究底的观众满意。Wordfamily:inquisitionn.ascertainvt.findoutsth.弄清；查明e.g.1.Thequestionishowtoascertainwhatthepeoplereallywant.问题在于如何弄清人们究竟需要什么。2.Shemanagedtoascertainthathersonwasnotamongthewounded.她设法弄清楚了，儿子并没有受伤。3.Weascertainedthatourpassportswereinorder.我们查过，我们的护照仍然有效。whereaboutsn.(pl.)theplacewheresomeoneorsomethingis（某人或某物的）所在，下落，行踪e.g.1.Therewerenocluestohiswhereabouts,thefugitivehadobviouslygonetoearth.逃犯的行踪一点线索也没有，显而易见，他已躲藏了起来。2.Shehastoldthemnothingthatcouldshedlightonherhusband'swhereabouts.她没向他们提供任何有关她丈夫下落的线索。3.Theescapedprisoner'swhereaboutsis/arestillunknown.逃犯仍然下落不明。confervi.discusssth.withotherpeopleinordertoreachadecision讨论；商谈；商议e.g.1.Shewenttoconferwithheradvisersbeforeannouncingadecision.她先去请教顾问然后再宣布决定。2.Weshouldconferwiththemonmattersofmutualconcern.我们应该跟他们就共同关心的问题进行商讨。Wordfamily:conferencen.会议eminenta.important,respected,andadmired显赫的；杰出的；著名的e.g.1.Johncanbeaneminentprofessor,aneminentlawyer,aneminentsurgeonorwhatever.He'sstillastupidman.约翰可以成为知名的教授，或知名的律师，或知名的外科医生，或是别的什么知名人士；可他还是傻乎乎的。2.Herankswiththeworld'seminentscientists.他跻身于世界著名科学家之列。Wordfamily:eminencen.scowlvi.(~at)twistyourfaceintoanexpressionthatshowsyouareangry阴沉着脸；下拉着脸e.g.1.Thereceptionistscowledatme.接待员横眉怒目地看着我。2.Theteacherscowledathisnoisyclass.老师对他那闹哄哄的课堂板着脸。mullv.(~over)thinkcarefullyaboutsth.overaperiodoftime仔细思考；反复琢磨e.g.1.I’vebeenmullingoverwhatyousaidlastnight.我一直在琢磨你昨晚说的话。2.Ihavenotdecidedyet,Iammullingitoverinmymind.我还没决定，一直在仔细考虑。observanta.noticingeverythingthathappens善于观察的；观察力敏锐的e.g.1.Herobservanteyetookineverydetail.她敏锐的眼睛看到了每一个细节。2.Journalistsaretrainedtobeobservant.新闻记者都要训练成有敏锐观察力的人。Wordfamily:observev.come/gettogripswith:starttodealwithaproblem,situation,orjobthatyouhavetodo开始处理，开始应对（难题、困境或某项工作）e.g.1.Onlyinthiswaycanthisconferencecometogripswithproblemsandsolvethemcorrectly.这样，我们的会议才能够解决问题，才能够解决得正确。2.WhenJohngetstogripswithaproblem,hedoesn'tleaveitaloneuntilhe'sfoundthesolution.当约翰要认真对付一个问题时，找不到解决办法他是不会罢手的。it’sasafebetthat…:It’slikelytohappen,orit’slikelytobesuccessful可能发生的是……e.g.1.It’sasafebetthattheotherswon’tmakethesamemistake.可能其他人就不会犯同样的错误了。2.It'sasafebetthathousepriceswillcontinuetoriseinthenextfewyears.很有可能在未来几年里房子价格还会上涨。ina…fashion:ina…way以……的方式e.g.1.Hewalksinapeculiarfashion.他走路的样子很奇特。2.Shewillbeworkingoutherproblemsinherownfashionandshouldbeallowedtodoso.她得到允许，将以自己的方式解决问题。fallapart:breakbecauseofbeingoldorbadlymade破碎；散架e.g.1.Theoldtemplewillfallintopiecessoonwithoutrepairmen.如果不加修缮，这座古庙很快会垮塌。2.Mostofthebuildingshavefallenintopiecesintheearthquake.大部分建筑都因为地震而垮塌。wearout:1)usesth.alotsothatitnolongerworks,orcannolongerbeused用坏；穿破，磨损e.g.1.Clothingseemstowearoutinnotimenowadays.现在的衣服好像很快就穿破了/不耐穿。2.Thatchildcanwearapairofshoesoutinamonth.那孩子一个月就会穿坏一双鞋。2)makesomeonefeelverytired使精疲力竭e.g.1.Itisbettertowearoutthanrustout.与其懒死，不如累死。2.Iamwornoutwithdomesticworries.我被家庭里的烦恼事弄得疲惫不堪。makeof:understandsomeoneorthemeaningofsomethinginaparticularway理解；了解e.g.1.“Couldyoumakeanythingofwhathewassaying?”“No,Icouldmakenothingofit.”“你明白他在说什么吗?”“不，我不明白。”2.Nancywasn'tsurewhattomakeofMick'sapology.南茜不知道该怎么理解米克的道歉。(it)beatsme:(spoken)usedforsayingthatyoudonotknoworunderstandsth.我不知道；我不理解e.g.1.Whatbeatsmeiswheretheygetthemoneyfrom.我大惑不解的是他们究竟从哪儿弄来这钱。2.Haven'tyougotthosedishesdoneyet?Itbeatsmewhatyoudowithyourtime.那些碟子你还没有洗吗？我弄不懂你都把时间花在什么上了Difficultsentences1.Evengrownmenwhodomarketresearchhavetroublevisualizingwhatapublicrelationsmandoeswithhisday,anditisasafebetthattheaveragesystemsanalystisasbaffledaboutwhataspacesalesmandoesattheshopastheaveragespacesalesmanisaboutthetoolsneededtoanalyzeasystem.(Para6)即使是那些从事市场研究工作的成年人也难很想象公关部的人每天都在做些什么，一名普通的系统分析师肯定不知道空间推销员在店里都干些什么，就好像空间推销员对分析系统的工具也一窍不通一样。2.Themachinesthatmakethingsmaketheminsuchafashionthattheywillquicklyfallapartinsuchawaythatrepairswillbeprohibitivelyexpensive.(Para7)机器生产出来的东西很容易散架，而这样的东西要拿去修理的话费用非常高，不值得。3.Backattheoffice,thefatherordersthepaperretypedandreproducedinquintuplicate,andthensenttoanothermanforcomparisonwithpaperthatwasreproducedintriplicatelastyear.(Para16)回到办公室，父亲让人把文件一式五份重新打印好给另一个人，那个人要把这份文件和去年一式三份的那份文件作比较。Activereading(2)OursupposedlyTeachingObjectivesStudentswillbeableto: Understandinghowtopersuadereaderstocertainpointsofview Interpretingfactoropinion AppreciatingparadoxBackgroundInformationTechnologicalinnovationistheprocessthroughwhichnew(orimproved)technologiesaredevelopedandbroughtintowidespreaduse.CulturepointsGlobalizationdescribesanongoingprocessbywhichregionaleconomies,societies,andcultureshavebecomeintegratedthroughaglobe-spanningnetworkofcommunicationandexecution.Thetermissometimesusedtoreferspecificallytoeconomicglobalization:theintegrationofnationaleconomiesintotheinternationaleconomythroughtrade,foreigndirectinvestment,capitalflows,migration,andthespreadoftechnology.However,globalizationisusuallyrecognizedasbeingdrivenbyacombinationofeconomic,technological,sociocultural,political,andbiologicalfactors.Thetermcanalsorefertothetransnationalcirculationofideas,languages,orpopularculturethroughacculturation.Thepositiveeffectsofglobalization:Globalizationhascreatedtheconceptofoutsourcing.Worksuchassoftwaredevelopment,customersupport,marketing,accountingandinsuranceisoutsourcedtodevelopingcountrieslikeIndia.Increasedcompetitionforcescompaniestolowerprices.Thisbenefitstheendconsumers.Increasedmediacoveragedrawstheattentionoftheworldtohumanrightviolations.Thisleadstoimprovementinhumanrights.Thenegativeeffectsofglobalization:Developednationshaveoutsourcedmanufacturingandwhite-collarjobs.Jobinsecurity.Earlierpeoplehadstable,permanentjobs.Terroristshaveaccesstosophisticatedweaponsenhancingtheirabilitytoinflictdamage.TerroristsusetheInternetforcommunicatingamongthemselves.Companieshavesetupindustriescausingpollutionincountrieswithpoorregulationofpollution.Thebenefitsofglobalizationisnotuniversal.Thericharegettingricherandthepoorarebecomingpoorer.• BadaspectsofforeignculturesareaffectingthelocalculturesthroughTVandtheInternet.• EnemynationscanspreadpropagandathroughtheInternet.• DeadlydiseaseslikeHIV/AIDSarebeingspreadbytravelerstotheremotestcornersoftheglobe.• Localindustriesarebeingtakenoverbyforeignmultinationals.• MultinationalCompaniesandcorporationswhichwerepreviouslyrestrictedtocommercialactivitiesareincreasinglyinfluencingpoliticaldecisions.RomanEmpire:TheRomanEmpirewascontrolledbythecitystateofRomebetweenthe4thcenturyBCandthe4thcenturyAD.Theempirestretchedfromthepresent-daycountriesofBritain,GermanyandRomaniaintheNorthtoaroundtheentireMediterranean,fromPortugaltoEgypt,TurkeyandIraq.Atfirst,Romewasgovernedbyaristocraticfamilies,thenarepublicbeforeitbecameanempireledbytheEmperor.Romanculture,lawandorganizationspreadthroughouttheempireandleftalastinginfluenceinmanycountries.Languagepointssupposedlyad.assomepeoplebelieveorsay,althoughyoumaynotagreewiththis据认为；据称e.g.1.ProfessorSmithsaid:“Studentsareinvirtuallyfull-timeemploymentwhilesupposedlystudyingfulltime."史密斯教授说：“学生本应将全部时间用于学习，但实际上都将全部时间用来工作”。2.Bothreportsarefromsupposedlyreliablesources,buttheyareoutofsquare.两份报道据说来源都可靠，但不吻合。Wordfamily:supposeda.supposev.obsessionn.[U](~with)anemotionalstateinwhichsomeoneorsomethingissoimportanttoyouthatyouarealwaysthinkingaboutthem,inawaythatseemsextremetootherpeople着魔；迷恋e.g.1.Americansarequiteopenabouttheirobsessionwithmoney.美国人毫不讳言对金钱的迷恋。2.Hehasanobsessionwithpostagestamps.他为邮票着迷。Wordfamily:obsessv.ifsomethingorsomeoneobsessesyou,youthinkorworryaboutthemallthetimeandyoucannotthinkaboutanythingelse-usedtoshowdisapproval使痴迷，使迷恋，使心神不定（含贬义）e.g.1.Thefearofdeathobsessedherthroughoutheroldage.她晚年一直受著死亡恐惧的困扰。2.Alotofyounggirlsareobsessedbytheirweight.很多少女都过于担心自己的体重。unprecedenteda.neverhavinghappenedorexistedbefore前所未有的；史无前例的e.g.1.TheunprecedentedfloodcausedgreatdamagetomanyplacesintheSouth.这空前的洪水，使南方许多地方遭受了重大损失。2.Contemporarynaturalscienceisbeingappliedtoproductiononanunprecedentedscaleandwithunprecedentedspeed.当代的自然科学正以空前的规模和速度，应用于生产当中dazzlinga.extremelyimpressive令人赞叹的；给人深刻印象的e.g.1.Theeveningwascrownedbyherdazzlingperformance.她那令人赞叹的表演把晚会的气氛推向高潮。2.Tibetanculturehasallalongbeenadazzlingpearlinthetreasure-houseofChinesecultureaswellasthatoftheworldasawhole.藏族文化一直是中华文化和世界文化宝库中的一颗璀璨的明珠。Wordfamily:dazzlev.innovationn.[C]anewidea,method,pieceofequipmentetc.新观念；新方法；新设备e.g.Farmersareintroducinginnovationswhichincreasetheproductivity.农民们正引进提高生产力的新方法。Wordfamily:innovatev.innovativea.e.g.Manyoftheproblemspresentedbythecountry’sgeographicalfeaturesfoundsolutionsininnovativeengineeringprojects.(CET4-2006-06)创新性的工程项目为该国因地理特征而产生的问题提供了解决办法。fundamentallyad.inaveryimportantorbasicway根本地；基本地e.g.1.Heholdsthattheissueofpopulationisfundamentallyoneofdevelopment.他认为人口问题从根本上讲是一个发展问题。2.Fundamentally,thisisamatterfordoctors.从根本上讲，这是医生的事。Wordfamily:fundamentala.reshapevt.changethewaythatsth.operatesordevelops给……以新形式，再塑造e.g.1.ThelaunchingofeuroandthecompletionoftheEMUwillbeinstrumentalinreshapingtheinternationalmonetarysystem.欧元的发行和欧洲货币联盟的形成将在世界货币体系重新整合的过程中发挥至关重要的作用。2.YouwillnotonlyimproveyourEnglishgreatlythisway,butalsototallyreshapeyourlife.这样的话你不但可以大大提高你的英语，还可以彻底重塑你的人生。clichén.[C]aphraseorideathatisboringbecausepeopleuseitalotanditisnolongeroriginal陈词滥调；老生常谈Whatdothefollowingclichésmean?Don'tputofffortomorrowwhatyoucandotoday.今日事今日毕。Aseasyaspie.There'snoplacelikehome.Achainisonlyasstrongasitsweakestlink.一环薄弱全局坏。Manyhandsmakelightwork.ignorancen.[U]lackofknowledgeorfactsaboutasituationoraparticularsubject无知；愚昧；不知e.g.1.Notignorance,buttheignoranceofignorance,isthedeathofknowledge.不是无知本身，而是对无知的无知，才是知识的死亡。2.Fearalwaysspringsfromignorance.恐惧源于无知。3.I’monlyafraidofignorancetoday–I’mnotafraidofknowledge.今天我害怕的只是被蒙在鼓里——我可不怕了解情况。Wordfamily:ignoranta.arroganta.someonewhoisarrogantthinkstheyarebetterormoreimportantthanotherpeopleandbehavesinawaythatisrudeandtooconfident傲慢的；自大的e.g.1.Heissoarrogantthatnoonewillkeepcompanywithhim.他很狂妄自大，谁也不愿意与他交往。2.Hesawbehindhispatient'sarrogantprideananxietythathecouldnotdispel.他发现病人的傲慢自大掩盖着一种无法摆脱的焦虑心情。Wordfamily:arrogancen.insistencen.[U](~on)averyfirmstatementthatsomethingmusthappenorthatsomethingistrue坚持；坚决要求；坚决主张e.g.1.Theunionhasdroppeditsearlierinsistencethatworkersshouldreceivebonuspayments.工会起先坚持工人应当得到奖金，但是现在已经不再坚持了。2.Tomhasqueeredhimselfwithmanyprospectiveclientsbyhisfoolishinsistenceonfullpaymentinadvance.汤姆坚持预付全部款项，这一愚蠢的做法得罪了许多可能成为客户的人。Wordfamily:insistv.boastv.(~of/about/that)proudlytellotherpeopleaboutwhatyouorsomeoneconnectedwithyouhasdoneorcando,oraboutsth.youown,especiallyinordertomakethemadmireyou自吹自擂；夸耀；吹嘘e.g.1.Nobodyshouldboastof/abouthisownlearning.谁也没有必要炫耀自己的学识。2.Heboastedthathehadneverhadaseriousillness.他自夸从未生过大病。geopoliticsn.[U]thestudyofhowacountry’sposition,economy,andpopulationinfluenceitspolitics,especiallyinrelationtoothercountries地缘政治学；地理政治学e.g.1.IfEuropeistoplayabiggerroleingeopolitics,muchwilldependonhowmuchFranceandtheUKcandotogether.要使欧洲在地缘政治方面扮演更大角色，在很大程度上取决于法国和英国能共同发挥多大作用。2.Theotherchallengehastodowithgeopolitics.Asthebalanceofeconomicpowerintheworldchanges,mustn'tthebalanceofpoliticalpowerchangetoo?另一个挑战则与地缘政治相连。难道随着世界经济力量均势的变化，政治势力的均衡不会相应发生变化吗？economicsn.[U]thestudyofthewaythatgoodsandservicesareproducedandsoldandthewaymoneyismanaged经济学e.g.1.developmenteconomics发展经济学2.ecologicaleconomics生态经济学3