非谓语动词by

nullnullnull非 谓 语 动 词动名词分 词不定式现在分词过去分词nullGeneral Introduction nullInfinitive:不定式将来 表目的 表某次具体的动作null1.I have a lot of work to do. 2.To learn English well, you must practise more. 3.I like dancing, but I don’t like to dance today.将来目的一次性动作Gerund :动名词Gerund :动名词His hobby is painting.(习惯） I’m proud of being a Chinese. (抽象）nullParticiple：分词donedoing主动 进行 令人…被动 完成 感到…nullThe swimming boy is Tom. (主动、进行） the room facing south （主动） The film is disappointing. （令人……的)doingnullI have a radio made in China. （被动）Look at the broken glass. （被动、完成）The excited people shouted and cheered. （感到……的）donenull非谓语担当的句子成分null 作主语： 不定式, 动名词null1.若主语和表语都是非谓语，要求形式一致 Teaching is learning. To teach is to learn. null2.常用it代替不定式作主语 To learn a foreign language is difficult. It’s difficult to learn a foreign language.3. It’s no use/ good + doing It’s no use talking with them作表语: 不定式，动名词，分词作表语: 不定式，动名词，分词nullWhat you should do is to look after the baby. His job is teaching Chinese . The news is exciting. All of us are disappointed.不定式动名词分词分词null作定语： 不定式（将来具体动作） 动名词（某种用途） 分词（进行，令人…，感到…）不定式作定语不定式作定语They have some questions to ask the teacher. The professor has a lot of letters to answer. (动宾关系，习惯用主动）nullthe food to live ______ the pen to write _____ the room to live ____ the knife to cut _____ the person to write ____onwithinwithaboutnulldrinking water reading room动名词作定语The water for drinkingThe room for readingnull分词作定语a running horse a sleeping boy a horse that/which is runninga boy that/which is sleepingnullthe boy standing thereThe window broken by Tomthe clothes to wash tomorrow作后置定语：作宾补作宾补不定式： 分词： doing( 表示主动，进行） done(表示被动，完成）nullsee watch look at hear listen to feel notice+sb. sth. +do doing donemake let havenullDo you hear someone knocking at the door? 你听到有人在敲门吗？ （强调动作正进行） I heard him knock three times. 我听到他敲了三次 （强调动作已经结束）nullsb. beseen watched looked at heard listened to felt noticed+to do made letnulleg: I saw him play in the street just now. He was seen to play in the street just now.null注意下列重要结构nullmake oneself doneI can’t make myself under- stood because of my broken English. A liar can’t make himself believed.nullfind + O. + doing / doneHe found a wallet lying on the ground. I found my bike stolen.作宾语作宾语不定式，动名词null只能用动名词作宾语的动词advise,admit,avoid,consider, enjoy,excuse,finish,forgive, suggest,appreciate,allow, escape, imagine,mind,miss, keep,practise,prevent, risk,nullfeel like, be busy, can’t help, give up, insist on ， devote…to, lead to, look forward to, object to, devote to, agree to动名词用于下列词组后null动名词常可用于下列句式There is no need use harm good(in) doingExample:Example:There ’s no use talking with him. There ’s no good playing computer games.nullThere is(are) I/we havedifficulty trouble problem a good time a hard time fun pleasure(in) doingnull只能接不定式作宾语的动词hope, wish, want,promise, refuse,arrange, decide, fail, manage,offer, prepare, pretend, expect … null 下列动词后不定式和动名词作宾语的不同含义null1.remember forget regret+to do doingnull2.try mean stop go on+to do doingTranslate them:Translate them:Don’t you remember seeing the man before? You must remember to leave tomorrow. I don’t regret telling her what I thought. I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice. I did’t mean to hurt your feeling. 作状语作状语不定式：作目的状语或结果状语。 分词: 作时间（原因，让步，条件，方式，伴随）状语。 doing（与主语为主动关系） done（与主语为被动关系） nullHaving finished the homework, I went home. Being a party member, I should work hard. He ran out of the classroom, shouting at the boy. To get more knowledge, we must work harder. He is old enough to join the army.时间原因伴随目的结果null将下列非谓语短语改写为状语从句nullHearing the bad news, they couldn’t help crying.When they heard the bad newsnullGiven more attention, the trees could have grown better.If they had been given more attentionnullBeing so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep.Because he was so angrynullThey came into the classroom, singing and laughing.nullTo serve the people well, I study hard.null将下列状语从句改为非谓语短语作状语：null 1. Because she was moved by the hero, she decided to study harder.null2. When he found the door locked, he went home.nullHe started early in order that he could get there on time.null注意：不定式或者分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致Seen from the hill, the city looks beautiful. Seeing from the hill, the city looks beautiful.√×null复合结构 不定式复合结构： for / of sb. to do… 动名词复合结构: my /Tom’s doing…nullIt is important to learn English. It is important for us to learn English.nullIt is / was + adj. +for / of sb. to doIt’s kind you to say so.It’s necessary you to study hard.offor与of 连用的形容词有：与of 连用的形容词有： good, kind, nice, wise,clever,foolish, right,wrong, careful, careless,polite,nullStudying English is important.Our studying EnglishLi Lei’s Studying Englishnull用两个复合结构翻译句子：1.李明的迟到使得老师很生气。2.我现在离开你介意吗？Li Ming’s being late made his teacher very angry.Do you mind my leaving now?null3.他对我打电话会很吃惊的。4.你在这河里游泳是很危险的。He will be surprised at my calling. It’s dangerous for you to swim in the river.nullExercises null1.____is a good of exercise for both the young and the old. A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walknull2.When and where to build the new power station____ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decidednull3.Is______necessary to change trains at Beijing? A. this B. that C. it D. henull4.Our father often told us in the past that _____is believing. A. To see B. Seeing C. See D. To be seennull5.She pretended ________the letter I wrote the day before yesterday. A. not to receive B. not receiving C. not to hear from D. having not receivednull6.I can’t imagine _____ that with such a famous author. A. work B. to work C. to be working D. workingnull7.She reached the top of the hill and stopped _____ on a rock by the side of the path. A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. restnull8.People couldn’t help _____ the funny villager. A. laugh at B. to laught at C. laughing at D. laughing onnull9.I can’t help _____the house because I’m busy making a cake. A. to clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleanednull10.Do you consider _____ any good attempting many scientific experiments? A. there B. it C. this D. thatnull11.I’m thirsty. Would you please give me something ________. A. drunk B. to drink C. to be drunk D. for drinkingnull12.When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person______. A. to send B. for sending it C. to send it to D. for sending it to null13.There was a terrible noise _______the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followednull14．The first textbooks _____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D.writtennull15．Mrs.Smith warned her husband _____ after drinking again and again. A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drivenull16.They knew her very well. They had seen her____up from childhood. A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grownull17. Believe it or not, he was seen ______upstairs just now. A. to go B. to going C. having gone D. gonull18.It was so cold that they kept the fire _______all night. A. to burn B. burn C. burning D. burnednull19.The salesman scolded the girl caught __ and let her off. A. to have stolen B. to be stealing C. to steal D. stealingnull20.He was disappointed to find his suggestion_______. A. turning down B. turned down C. to be turned down D. to turn downnull21.The murderer was brought in ,with his hands ______ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tiednull22.Tom kept quiet about the accident _______lose his job. A. not in order to B. so as not to C. in order to not D. not so as to null23.They have had a long and bitter struggle _____ their living conditions. A. to improving B. for improving C. to improve D. improvenull24.To master a foreign language,______. A. a lot of practice is needed B. it needs a lot of practice C. practice is in need of D. one needs a lot of practicenull25.The secretary worked late into the night, ______ a long speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparingnull26.________more attention, the work would have been done better. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having givennull27._________a reply, he decided to write a sixth letter. A. Not receiving B. Not to receive C. Not having received D. Having not receivednull28.Charles Babbage is generally considered______ the first computer. A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having inventednull29.The squirrel was lucky that it just missed___________. A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catchnull30.Little Jim should love _____ to the theatre this evening. A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. takingnull31.—What do you think of the book? —Oh ,excellent. It’s worth ______a second time. A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being readnull32.The library needs ______, but it’ll have to wait until Sunday. A. cleaning B. be cleaned C. clean D. being cleaned