新编大学英语教案 第四册 Unit3

新编大学英语（4）UnitThreeGenderDifferencesAimsofTeaching:Masterthewordsdescribinggenderdifferences.Improvethestudents’abilitiesofobservinganddescribinggenderdifferencesandmakingcommentsDiscussingthecauseofgenderdifference(bothpsychicallyandculturally)KeyPointsLearnsomewordsaboutgenderdifferenceLearningtoemploythefollowingkeywordsandphrasesintopracticeappropriatelyapproveconstitutionassumptioninnumerablenoticeablysubordinationasamatteroffactcallonuptoputawaytakeoverturnoutaccustomedcontemptpervadetolerateatadisadvantagebetypicalofbeinminorityoriginatetoughuniversalbeconsistentwithdefertohaveatendencytodosth.inthecompanyofopenupsortoutin/withregardtoMastertheimportantgrammar(掌握本课重要语法――后置定语)LearningtheskillsofreadingMethodsofTeachingUsingmulti-mediateachingequipmentGroup-DiscussionAppreciatethepassageTimeArrangement(课时安排):1Preparation2-3In-ClassReading:GenderRolesfromaCulturePerspective4After-ClassReading5ExercisesUnit3GenderDifferencePartOne:PreparationDiscussthefollowingquestions.A.Apartfromthephysicaldifferencesbetweenmenandwomen,arethereanyfeaturesofmenandwomenthatarepatternedbyculture?Givesomeexamples.GenderDifference:ManWomanHaveanaggressivenatureSeldomexpressfeelingsArestrongandfullofvigorAreindependentAredaringArenotexcitedbytrivialmattersArelessconcernedwiththeirappearanceAremorelikelyto“explodelikeavolcano”MakedecisionseasilyAremoredominatingAreneatandcleanLiketotalkAreshyandobedientHaveanextremelystrongneedforsecurityPayagreatdealofattentiontotheirappearanceAreloyalEasilyexpressgentlefeelingsArewell-manneredUnderstandotherpeople’sfeelingsbetterAremoresensitiveB.Ineachsubject,whodoyouthinkdobetter,boysorgirls?(art,language,music,geography,chemistry,history,P.E.,math)----Ithink,generallyspeaking,boysdobetterinchemistry,math,geographyandP.E.,andgirlsinart,language,musicandhistory.C.Fromyourpointofview,whatarethecharacteristicsoftheidealwifeandtheidealhusband?Idealhusbandtall,handsomeandstrong/rich/capableofsupportingafamily/educatedandwithagoodcareer/kindandloyalIdealwifewarmed-hearted/beautifulandhealthy/capableofunderstandingherhusband/intelligentandeducated/havingsomeinterestsincommonwithherhusband/agoodcookD.Wouldtheidealwifeandtheidealhusbandhavebeendifferentinyourparents’generationandinyourgrandparents’generation?Ifso,how?----Yes.Inmygrandparents’generation,people,especiallywomen,didn’thavetobeeducatedsolongastheyhadsomeonetosupportthemorcouldearnaliving.Ofcourse,awomanwouldhavelikedtomarryarichman,butatthattime,moneywasnotconsideredtobesoimportant.Inmyparents’generation,knowledgeandmoneywerelessimportant.Theidealhusbandandtheidealwifewouldbothbeworkers.PartTwoIn-ClassReading:GenderRolesfromaCulturalPerspectivePartTwoReading-CenteredActivitiesPre-ReadingUnderstandingWordsinContextPassageReadingStudentswillgetthepassagefromtheirteacherandreaditontheirown.Theyshouldfinishitwithin12minutes.Theywillberequiredtorecordthetimetheyactuallytake.PostReadingReadingComprehensiona.AfterthestudentshavefinishedIn–ClassReading,theywillbeaskedtodoExercises1,2,3Pre-reading.SampleIthinkgenerallyspeaking,boysdobetterinchemistry,math,geographyandP.E.andgirlsinart,language,musicandhistory.b.Summaryofthetext:Duringthepastfewdecades.Ithasbeenprovedthatthevarioustypesofbehavior,emotions,andintereststhatconstitutebeingmasculineandfemininearepatternedbybothheredityandculture.IntheAmericaneducationprocess,thisseriousphenomenonhasbeenexperimentedtoprovethatsexualdiscriminationhasbeenexistedinallformsofeducation,inwhichboysaremorefavoredthangirls.Thispreventstheeducationprovesbeingsuccessfulallovertheworld.Inthisway,societyenhancesitsestablishedvaluesandproveseachgenderinitstraditionalandexpectedmold.Butaccordingtothescientists,thisisrelatedtothegenderdiscrimination,ratherthanbiologicalnotionsofmasculinityandfemininity.c.WordsandPhrases1.aspiration:n.strongdesireorambitiona.Thepeaceisthecommonaspirationoftheworld’speople.2.constitute[a]toconstitute:makeup(awhole);formToconstitutesomethingistobethepartsthatformitormakeitup.Sevendaysconstituteaweek.Listening,speaking,reading,thenwritingconstitutethefundamentalorderinlanguagelearning.[b]toconstitute:tosetup;establishGovernmentsshouldbeconstitutedbythewillofthepeople.Acommitteewasconstitutedtoinvestigate(lookinto)risingprices.[c]toconstitute:toappoint任命(某人)担任(某职务),指定,派...为Hewasconstitutedchiefadviser.他被任命为首席顾问。辨析constitute,compose,comprise组成,构成,由...组成toconstitute正式用语,指若干部分构成一个整体,不用被动语态tocompose指一个整体由若干部分构成或由哪些要素构成,常用becomposedof(整体iscomposedof部分)WateriscomposedofHydrogenandOxygen.Steeliscomposedofironandanumberofotherelements.Thebookcomprisestenchapters.这本共有十章。Studyinganddoingexperimentscomprisedpracticallythewholeofhislife.研究和做实验几乎就是他生活的全部内容。tocomprise不仅有“整体由...构成”的意思,还有”由若干部分构成整体”的意思,不用被动语态。tomakeup组成,构成(注意:被动语态的句子要加,多用于被动语态)Thesethreearticlesmakeupthewholebook.Theboardofdirectorsismadeupofexperiencedpeople.Societyismadeupofpeoplewithwidelydifferingabilities.toconsistof:tobemadeupofTheUnitedKingdomconsistsofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Auniversityconsistsofteachers,administratorsandstudents.3.obediencen.beingobedienta.Heshowedobedienceandrespecttohisparents.b.Thesoldieractedinobediencetohisofficer.4.callona.Theprofessorlikescallingonmeintheclass.(asksbtoanswerquestions)b.Thegovernmentcalledonthepeopletofightagainsttheflood.(appeal)c.Shecalledonmepersonally.(visit)5.putaway:a.We’dbetterputthebooksawayneatlyinthecupboard.(putsthinabox,drawer,etc.inwhichitisusuallykept)b.We’vegotafewthousandpoundsputawayforarainyday.2)in(the)processofWhenyouaretalkingaboutsth.thathashappenedorhasbeendone,andyoutalkaboutsth.elsethathappenedorwasdoneintheprocess,youmeanthatthesecondeventhappenedduringthefirstorasaresultofthefirst.Youareintheprocessofsthwhenyouarestilldoingit.Thehouseisintheprocessofbeingbuilt.Theyplayanimportantpartintheprocessoflearning.3)tocallon[a]tocallon:tovisitsbYoucallonsbwhenyoupaytemashortvisit.WecalledonTononthewaynorth.Ihopetocallonyouatyourofficeat3today.[b]tocallonsbtodosth/tocallonsbforsth:toasksbtodosth/toasksbforsthWhenyoucallonoruponsbtodosthyouaskordemandthattheyshoulddoit.Hecalledonmetospeakafterhim.I’llcallonMaryforananswer.[c]tocallon:toneedtouseThePresidentcalledonhispeopletomakesacrificeforthegoodoftheircountry.Wecalloneveryfriendtosupporthim4)tohaveanimpacton...impact:strongimpressionoreffectonsb./sth.Theimpactthatsomethinghasonyouistheeffectithasortheimpressionitmakes.Hiscriticismshavemadelittleimpactonourresolvetopursuethecampaign.Thatfirstmeetinghadaverystrongimpactonme.Thisbookhad/madeatremendousimpactonitsreaders.theimpactofnewmethods/technologyonmodernindustry.新方法,新技术对现代工业的巨大影响。toimpacton:tohaveaneffecton...influence:powertoaffectaperson’scharacteroractionsYouhaveinfluenceoversb.iftheytendtofollowyouradvice,agreewithyouropinionsorcopyyourbehaviororthewayyoudothings.He’llusehisinfluencewiththemanagertogetsthdoneaboutit.Somethinghasaninfluenceonthingsthatitaffectorchanges.Thebookdiscussestheinfluenceofthewaronthepovertyoftheperiod.5)todevelop[a]todevelopsb./sth.from...into...:causetogrowgraduallySomethingorsomeonedevelopswhentheygrow,changeandprogress;youdevelopsth.whenyouputyoureffortsandenergyintomakingitprogressHandinhandwithreadinghehaddevelopedthehabitofmakingnotes.Theyprovidedgoodmaterialfordevelopingthereadingskills.[b]todevelop:totreat(anexposedfilm)sothatthephotocanbeseen冲洗胶卷)totakeafilmtobedeveloped6)asamatteroffactYouusethephrasesinfact,inactualfact,asamatteroffactandinpointoffacttoemphasizethetruthoraccuracyofwhatyouarereporting,ortocorrectawrongimpressionthatmayhavebeenmade.Asamatteroffact,wealsoreceivedaletterfromhim.Asamatteroffact,Idon’tknowshe/hediedyesterday.thematter:wrongSomethingisthematterwhensthiswrong,orthereisaproblem.Icouldseeshehadbeencrying,andIaskedherwhatthematterwas.Icouldn’tunderstandwhatwasthematterwithme.Thereissomethingthematterwiththiscar.Thereisnothingthematterwithhim;heisjustpretending.Anythingthematterwithyou?inthematterof:concerning在...方面Thechildrenhaveeverythingtheyneedinthematterofclothes,butveryfewtoys.tomakemattersworse:tomakeastateofaffairsmoreserious,moredifficulttodealwithTryingtosmoothheronlymademattersworse.IrealizedthatanythingIcouldsaywouldonlymattersworse.7)totakeover:togaincontroloverandresponsibilityforTotakeoveracompanyororganizationistogaincontrolofit.Youtakeoverajobfromanotherpersonwhenyoustartdoingitaftertheyhavestoppeddoingit.Thislargecompanyhastakenovermanysmallones.HeistakingovermyjobwhenIamonholiday.Whodoyouthinkwilltakeovernowthatthegovernorhasbeendismissed?8)subordination...totosubordinatesth.tosth.:totreatsthasoflesserimportantthansth.elseIfyousubordinatesth.tosth.elseyoutreatitasbeinglessimportantthanthatotherthing.Hesubordinatedhispersonalneedstohispoliticalinterests.tosubordinatepassiontoreason使感情受理智控制subordinateadj.Somethingthatissubordinatetosomethingelseissecondarytooroflessimportancethanthatotherthing.Ifonepersonissubordinatetoanother,theyareofalowerrankorimportancethanotherpersonandtakeordersfromthem.[oppositesuperior]Inthearmyacaptainissubordinatetoamajor.9)inaccordancewith:inagreementwithorharmonywithsth.Somethingisdoneorhappensinaccordancewitharule,laworprinciple,ifitobeysit.inaccordancewithone’swishestoactinaccordancewithcustoms,theregulations,thelawInaccordancewithyourorders,Isoldtheboat.Nowadaysyouareencouragedtolookafteryourselffirst,whichisnotinaccordancewithChristianprinciples.toaccordwithOnethingaccordswithanotherifitfitswith,agreeswith,orcorrespondsto,it.Thenewspaperreviewoftheplaydidn’tintheleastaccordwithmyopinionofit.Youaccordapersonortheirachievementssomethingsuchasapprovalwhenyougiveittothem.Intime,herworkwillbeaccordedtherecognitionitdeserves.[sameasgrant]10)toputaway(a)toputaway:toputintheusualplaceofstorageYouputsomethingawaywhenyouputitintotheplacewhereitiskept.Sheopenedthedrawertoputawaytheknivesandspoons.Ifyouhavefinishedwiththesetools,Iwishyou’dputthemaway.(b)toputaway:tosavemoneyforlateruseHeputsalittleawayeveryweekforhisgrandchildren.I’llhavetoputsomethingawayformyretirement.11)tobesuperiorto:tobebetterorgoodinqualityorvalue;tobehigherinrankorclassIfoneissuperiortoanother,theyarehigherinrankorpositionthanthatotherperson.Hethinksheissuperiortousbecausehisfatherisanimportantman.Ifonethingissuperiortoanother,itisbetterinqualitythanthatonething.Thiswineisfarsuperiortotheonewehadlastweek.[oppositeinferior]superiorn.Yoursuperiororsuperiorsarepeoplewhoarehigherinrankorpositionthanyouare,especiallyinworkI’llspeaktoyoursuperioraboutthiscarelesswork.I’llhavetoreferthemattertomysuperiors.[oppositesubordinate]12)tofall/getbehind:tofailtokeeplevelwithYoufallbehindwhenyouprogressmoreslowlythanotherpeopleandtheygetaheadofyou.Wemustn’tletBritainfallbehindintechnology.Hedidn’twanttofallbehindinhisstudies.[sameasdropbehind]13)toapproveof:togiveone’sapprovalof;toconsider...good/right/wiseYouapproveofsth.ifyouregarditasacceptableorsatisfactory,oradmireit;youapproveofsomeoneifyouadmireorlikethem.Shewouldneverdoanythingthatwasnotapprovedofbyherparents.Iquiteapproveoftheideaofyourplan.Ijustdon’tapproveofkillinganimals.[oppositedisapprove]toapprovevt.:agreeto批准，同意Hedoesn’tapproveitspolicies.Congressapprovedthebudget.toapproveone’sdaughter’smarriage14)tocarryover:toremain,continueThehabitofreadingaloudinthemorningcarriesoverfrommychildhoodWhatyoulearninschoolshouldcarryoverintoadultlife.Thestorywascarriedovertothenextpage.tocarrythroughYoucarrysth.throughwhenyouputitintopracticeorcompleteit.Wehopethattheplancanbecarriedthroughinitentirety.Somethingcarriesyouthroughadifficultexperienceifithelpsyoutosurviveit.Itwasmyreligiousfaiththatcarriedmethroughthosedaysincaptivity.15)toturnout[a]toturnout:tostop(agas/oil/electriclight/heatingapparatusetc.)Youturnoutalightoragasfirewhenyouoperateaswitchtostopitsshiningorgivingoutheat.[sameasturnoff,oppositeturnon][b]toturnout:todriveout;tosendawayYouturnsb.out,orturnthemoutofapace,whenyoumakethemleaveit.Theywereturnedoutoftheirhousefornon-paymentofrent.Sheweptandbeggedhimnottoturnherout.[c]toturnout:tocomeoutorgatherasforameeting/publiceventPeopleturnoutegforaneventoranelectionwhentheycomeandparticipate,orcomeandvote.Votersturnedoutinlargenumbersinthesafeseats.Thewholetownturnedoutfortheparade.Notmanymenturnedouttowatchthematch.[d]toturnout:toproduceSomethingsuchasafactoryoraplaceofeducationturnsoutacertaintypeofthingorpersoniftheyproducethem.Centersofhighereducationhaveturnedoutmanyhighlyskilledsoftwareengineers.Thecollegeturnsouthundredsofgoodteachersayear.Thefactoryisnowturningout1000carsamonth.[e]toturnout:tohappentobeintheendtoturnout+adjTheexaminationturnedouteasy.Doyouthinkthecropswillturnoutwellthisyear?toturnto:tobeThemeetingturnedouttobeinteresting.Theletterturnedouttobeaforgery.Itturnsoutthat...Itturnsoutthathewasneverthere.Itturnsoutthatthismethoddoesn’tworkwell.VocabularyandTranslationVocabularyandTranslationexerciseswillbeassignedtothestudentsforhomework.After-ClassReadingPassageIBoysareteachers’petsI.paraphrasethefollowingsentences:1.Boysareaccustomedtobeingteachers’pets…(L.3—4)2….haddeliberatelysetouttogivegirlsafairchance(L.11)3.Thetapesprovedotherwise.(L.14)II.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese:1.…where34%ofteachers’timewasallocatedtogirls.(L.21)2.…doublestandardspervadetheclassroom.(L.29)PassageIIStereotypesandindividualdifferencesI.Paraphrasethefollowingsentences:1.thetendencyforwomentobecomepassive.(L.36--37)2.tomovebeyondtraditionalmale-femaletendencies.(L.42)II.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese:1.Itmaybeinthiscontext,the“justificationofnecessity”withregardtodifferentsocialrolesthatmanyofthegender-traitstereotypesoriginated.(L.22-24)---可能正是基于这种背景，即扮演不同的社会角色是顺理成章的和必不可少的，才产生了许多具有性别特点的陈规．2.Thebeliefsconcerningthepsychologicalmakeupserveasnormsforthebehavior.(L.24-25)---有关心理特征的若干理念用作为行为的准则．PartIVFurtherDevelopment1.interpretingthepoem:Menworkinthefield,whilewomenstayathome;Menaretrainedforthewartofight,whilewomencareforthefamilyMenarecontrolledbyintellect,whilewomenaresensitiveandaffectionate,MengiveorderswhilewomenobeyordersIftherolesofmenandwomenarenotintheway,theworldwouldbeconfusion1) Tennysonthoughtthatmenshouldbeinthedominatingplaceinthesociety,whilewomenshouldbeinthepassiveandobedientplacewhocanonlystayathometoobeymen’sorder.2) Do.Idon’tagreewithhim.Thestatusofmenandwomenshouldbeequal.Theyshouldbetreatedequallyinthedailybusiness.Hisdescriptionisoutofdate.2.interpretingthequotation:Awomanshouldnotthinkthatonlybecausesheiswoman,sheshouldbegivenspecialrightsbymenorsheacceptsbiasandsexualdiscrimination.Whatsheshoulddoistocompeteinthesocietyasequallyasaman.1)FriedanwouldnotagreewithTennyson.Theyhaddifferentideasabouttherolesofmanandwomaninthesociety.2)IagreewithFriedan.WeknowFreidan’sdescriptionreflectsthetruthcorrectly.Nowwomencontributealottothesociety,whoareasimportantasmen.Thebeliefof“livingasahumanbeing”helpswomenovercomethesexualdiscriminationwhichstillexistsclearlyandachievealotintheirfields.